Prehardened cold work tool steel for car body dies - Uddeholm
Prehardened cold work tool steel for car body dies - Uddeholm Prehardened cold work tool steel for car body dies - Uddeholm
4 CARMO Heat-treatment STRESS RELIEVING Temperature: 550–650°C (1020–1200°F). Holding time: 2h. Cooling in furnace to 500°C (930°F), then in air. HARDENING For through hardening following temperatures and times are recommended: Pre-heating temperature: 600–700°C (1110– 1290°F). Austenitizing temperature: 950–970°C (1740– 1780°F), normally 960°C (1760°F). Holding time: 30–45 minutes. The tool should be protected against decarburization during hardening. Hardness as a function of austenitizing temperature Hardness HRC 64 62 60 58 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 123456789012345678 900 925 950 975 1000 1025 Austenitizing temperature °C 123 123 123456789012345678 123 Risk for grain growth and reduced toughness. QUENCHING • High speed gas/circulating atmosphere • Saltbath 200–550°C (390–1020°F) • Fluidized bed 200–550°C (390–1020°F). Note 1: Quenching should not be interrupted until the part has cooled down to 25°C (75°F). Otherwise the part may shrink after tempering. Note 2: Temper immediately after quenching. Note 3: Quenching in oil is not recommended. Core hardness as a function of diameter for air cooling. Core hardness HRC 66 62 58 54 50 1 5 10 20 40 100 200 400 Diameter, mm TEMPERING The tempering temperature for the required hardness may be determined by means of the tempering graph. Temper twice. Lowest tempering temperature 200°C (390°F). Holding time at temperature minimum 2 hours. Hardness HRC 65 60 55 50 45 40 SURFACE HARDNESS AFTER TEMPERING Tempering graph Retained austenite Retained austenite, % 50 T A = 960°C (1760°F) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Tempering temperature °C (2h + 2h) IMPACT STRENGTH Room temperature. Specimen size: 7 x 10 x 55 mm unnotched. Hardened at 960°C (1760°F). Quenched in air. Tempered twice. Impact energy Joule 300 250 200 150 100 50 Impact strength Hardness 0 35 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 Tempering temperature °C (2h + 2h) 40 30 20 10 Hardness HRC 60 55 50 45 40
Machining recommendations The machining data provided below are intended as a guideline to help find the optimal conditions. The data were obtained from tests made in the prehardened condition. More detailed information can be found in Uddeholm “Cutting Data Recommendations”. TURNING Turning with Turning with carbide high speed Cutting data Rough Fine steel parameters Cutting speed turning turning Fine turning (vC) m/min 130–160 160–210 25 f.p.m. Feed (f) 430–530 530–690 60 mm/r 0,3–0,6 –0,3 –0,3 i.p.r. 0,012–0,023 –0,012 –0,012 Depth of cut (ap) mm 2–6 –2 –2 inch Carbide 0,08–0,23 –0,08 –0,08 designation ISO P20–P30 P10 – Coated Coated carbide carbide or cermet MILLING Face and square shoulder milling Milling with Milling with carbide high speed Cutting data Rough Fine steel parameters Cutting speed milling milling Fine milling (vC) m/min 110–140 140–180 18 f.p.m. 360–460 460–590 60 Feed (fZ) mm/tooth 0,2–0,4 0,1–0,2 0,1 inch/tooth Depth of cut 0,008–0,016 0,004–0,008 0,004 (a ) P mm 2–5 –2 –2 inch Carbide designation 0,08–0,20 0,08 0,08 ISO P20–P40 P10–P20 – Coated Coated carbide carbide or cermet End milling CARMO Cutting data Solid Type of end mill Carbide indexable High speed parameters Cutting carbide insert steel speed (vC) m/min 50 120–170 201) f.p.m. 165 395–560 651) Feed (f Z) mm/tooth 0,03–0,20 2) 0,08–0,20 2) 0,05–0,35 2) inch/tooth 0,001–0,008 2) 0,003–0,008 2) 0,002–0,014 2) Carbide designation ISO K20 P20–P40 Coated carbide 1) For coated HSS end mill vC ~28 m/min. (90 f.p.m.). 2) Depending on radial depth of cut and cutter diameter. DRILLING High speed steel twist drill Drill diameter Cutting speed (vc) Feed (f) mm inch m/min f.p.m. mm/r i.p.r. –5 –3/16 14* 46* 0,08–0,20 0,003–0,008 5–10 3/16–3/8 14* 46* 0,20–0,30 0,008–0,012 10–15 3/8–5/8 14* 46* 0,30–0,35 0,012–0,014 15–20 5/8–3/4 14* 46* 0,35–0,42 0,014–0,016 * For coated HSS drills v C ~18 m/min. (60 f.p.m.). Carbide drill Type of drill Cutting data Indexable Solid Brazed parameters insert carbide carbide1) Cutting speed(vC) m/min 150–200 70 60 f.p.m. Feed (f) 500–660 230 200 mm/r 0,03–0,10 0,10–0,252) 0,15–0,252) i.p.r. 0,001–0,004 0,004–0,012) 0,006–0,012) 1) Drills with internal cooling channels and a brazed carbide tip. 2) Depending on drill diameter. GRINDING A general grinding wheel recommendation is given below. More information can be found in the Uddeholm brochure “Grinding of Tool Steel”. Wheel recommendation Type of grinding Prehardened condition Surface grinding straight wheel A 46 HV Surface grinding segments A 24 GV Cylindrical grinding A 46 LV Internal grinding A 46 JV Profile grinding A 100 LV 5
- Page 1 and 2: CARMO Prehardened cold work tool st
- Page 3: General CARMO is a high-strength, f
- Page 7: MMA (SMAW) Consumables for wrought
4<br />
CARMO<br />
Heat-treatment<br />
STRESS RELIEVING<br />
Temperature: 550–650°C (1020–1200°F).<br />
Holding time: 2h. Cooling in furnace to 500°C<br />
(930°F), then in air.<br />
HARDENING<br />
For through hardening following temperatures<br />
and times are recommended:<br />
Pre-heating temperature: 600–700°C (1110–<br />
1290°F).<br />
Austenitizing temperature: 950–970°C (1740–<br />
1780°F), normally 960°C (1760°F).<br />
Holding time: 30–45 minutes.<br />
The <strong>tool</strong> should be protected against de<strong>car</strong>burization<br />
during hardening.<br />
Hardness as a function of austenitizing temperature<br />
Hardness HRC<br />
64<br />
62<br />
60<br />
58<br />
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900 925 950 975 1000 1025<br />
Austenitizing temperature °C<br />
123<br />
123<br />
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123 Risk <strong>for</strong> grain growth and reduced toughness.<br />
QUENCHING<br />
• High speed gas/circulating atmosphere<br />
• Saltbath 200–550°C (390–1020°F)<br />
• Fluidized bed 200–550°C (390–1020°F).<br />
Note 1: Quenching should not be interrupted until<br />
the part has cooled down to 25°C (75°F).<br />
Otherwise the part may shrink after<br />
tempering.<br />
Note 2: Temper immediately after quenching.<br />
Note 3: Quenching in oil is not recommended.<br />
Core hardness as a function of diameter <strong>for</strong> air<br />
cooling.<br />
Core hardness HRC<br />
66<br />
62<br />
58<br />
54<br />
50<br />
1 5 10 20 40 100 200 400<br />
Diameter, mm<br />
TEMPERING<br />
The tempering temperature <strong>for</strong> the required<br />
hardness may be determined by means of the tempering<br />
graph. Temper twice. Lowest tempering<br />
temperature 200°C (390°F). Holding time at temperature<br />
minimum 2 hours.<br />
Hardness HRC<br />
65<br />
60<br />
55<br />
50<br />
45<br />
40<br />
SURFACE HARDNESS AFTER TEMPERING<br />
Tempering graph<br />
Retained austenite<br />
Retained austenite, %<br />
50<br />
T A = 960°C (1760°F)<br />
0 100 200 300 400 500 600<br />
Tempering temperature °C (2h + 2h)<br />
IMPACT STRENGTH<br />
Room temperature. Specimen size: 7 x 10 x 55 mm<br />
unnotched. Hardened at 960°C (1760°F).<br />
Quenched in air. Tempered twice.<br />
Impact energy Joule<br />
300<br />
250<br />
200<br />
150<br />
100<br />
50<br />
Impact strength<br />
Hardness<br />
0<br />
35<br />
200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600<br />
Tempering temperature °C (2h + 2h)<br />
40<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
Hardness HRC<br />
60<br />
55<br />
50<br />
45<br />
40
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