chapter 4 - DRK

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Strictly under embargo until Wednesday 22 September at 00:01 GMT (02:01 Geneva time)Support slum and squatter upgrading. Where large numbers of people live in poorqualityhousing in informal settlements, improving housing and getting basic infrastructurein place is a priority for adaptation. However, it is important to make sure that these newhouses and infrastructure are constructed in such a way that they can withstand likely futurechanges in climate. In association with this, it is important to address related social issues:people and communities who are healthier, better educated and with secure tenure are moreable to deal effectively with a wide range of shocks and stresses, including one-off extremeevents and climate change. Ongoing action to improve the provision of public services canprovide households with a firmer base from which to face the challenges of climate change.Urban planning, management and governance are all now firmly on the IPCC agenda.Rainfall totals forNovember 2009in Ireland were thehighest on record,and large parts ofthe city of Cork andsurrounding areaswere flooded whenthe River Lee burstits banks.© The Irish ExaminerReconsider zoning, planning and building regulations. Zoning and planning controlshave often served to exclude a large proportion of the urban population in lowandmiddle-income nations from legal land markets. The identification of ‘vulnerable’land in preparing for climate change should not be used in the same way. Instead, thesecontrols can be used to help provide appropriate and safe locations for low-incomehouseholds while reducing their exposure to the risks of flooding, slope failure andother disasters. The application of building standards that are appropriate to local contexts,including affordability, and used in ways that support incremental improvementscan make housing resistant to extreme weather, while still enabling poor residents livingin self-built or artisan-built constructions to upgrade at an appropriate pace and cost.128
Strictly under embargo until Wednesday 22 September at 00:01 GMT (02:01 Geneva time)Ensuring climate and disaster preparednessin key urban sectorsEngaging with a wide range of stakeholders is key to ensuring that adaptation and disasterrisk reduction actions meet the needs of a broad cross-section of urban residents.This approach has been used by several major stakeholders and projects as the meansof engaging in climate change adaptation in urban areas. Both the Asian Cities ClimateChange Resilience Network and UN-Habitat’s Cities in Climate Change Initiativeuse multi-stakeholder engagement processes to support urban adaptation. However,many specific actions need to be taken at a sectoral level. As Table 6.3 shows, many ofthese specific actions in water supply provision, storm and flood-water management,public health, energy and transportation meet both climate change and disaster riskreduction objectives.Table 6.3 Examples of climate change and disaster preparedness goals and actionsPriority planning area Preparedness goal Preparedness actionsWater supply Expand and diversify water supply Develop new groundwater sourcesConstruct new surface water reservoirsEnhance existing groundwater suppliesthrough aquifer storage and recoveryDevelop advanced wastewater treatmentcapacity for water re-useReduce demand / improve efficiencyIncrease billing rates for waterChange building codes to require low-flowplumbing fixturesProvide incentives (e.g., tax breaks,rebates) for switching to more waterefficientprocessesIncrease drought preparednessUpdate drought management plans torecognize changing conditionsStorm- and flood-watermanagementIncrease public awareness about impacts onwater suppliesIncrease capacity to manage storm waterReduce property damage from floodingImprove information to manage storm andflood eventsProvide information on climate changeimpacts to water supplies and howresidents can reduce water use in utilityinserts, newsletters, web sites, localnewspapersIncrease capacity of storm-water collectionsystemsModify urban landscaping requirements toreduce storm-water runoffPreserve ecological buffers (e.g., wetlands)Move or abandon infrastructure inhazardous areasChange zoning to discourage developmentin flood hazard areasUpdate building codes to require moreflood-resistant structures in floodplainsIncrease the use of climate and weatherinformation in managing risk and eventsUpdate flood maps to reflect change riskassociated with climate changeWorld Disasters Report 2010 – Focus on urban risk129
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214INDEXStrictly under embargo unti
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The International Federationof Red
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