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BackgroundORPG and AWIPS 5.2.1Known as “8-bit” Products8 bit 2 8 = 256 data levelsLike WSR-88D Level IIDZ – 8 Bit ReflectivityDV – 8 Bit Velocity8 Bit SRM Available in AWIPS OB1WDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

DZ - 8 Bit ReflectivityVCP mode invariantScaled Range of< -32 to >90 dBZ(0.5 dBZ resolution).54 nm res thru 248 nmAvailable at all VCPanglesFactor of 5 larger filesize than “Level IV” ZWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

DV – 8 Bit VelocityGround relative (default)SRM computed from AWIPSdistance/speed tool orWARNGEN derived motionvectorRange > 123 kts (1 ktres)(Values indefinite on SRM).13 nm res to 124 nmAvailable at all VCP anglesFactor of 10 larger file sizethan “Level IV” VelocityWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

StrengthsBest resolutions from radarVery high detail spatially and in datamagnitudesTVSMesocyclonesMicroburstsConvective storm structuresGust front windsRainfall rate assessmentBoundariesData artifact identificationAlgorithm validation / QCWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

StrengthsRadar mode invariantSeamless transition at precipitationdetectionHigh reflectivities displayed in clearair modeWinter / bright band eventsNo longer need to “force” clear air mode(except for VCP31 long pulsetechniques)ConvectionWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Large files sizesLimitationsNarrowband loadshed threatLAN-to-LAN connection O.K.Cannot do image pairing and maintain dataresolution on HP workstations, Linux O.K.!With Linux, use image combine feature of D2Dto develop high resolution Z/V and Z/SRM fourpanels.Load these with proceduresWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

LimitationsNot delivered with suitable color tablesGeneration of 8-Bit SRM cumbersome withstorm motion derived from either“Distance/Speed tool” or latest WarnGenmotion vector.Default motion not taken from RPG(to be fixed in AWIPS OB2)“8-bit” nomenclature confusingMay want to change menu labels to“Hi-Res” or the likeHigh detail, especially in DV, may beconfusing when viewing storms close toRDAWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Case ExamplesWFO Davenport, IowaAug 21, 2002WFO Springfield, MissouriAug 13, 2002May 4, 2003Image capture credits: Ray Wolf (DVN), Evan Bookbinder (SGF)WDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Muscatine County IA – 21 Aug 2002F1 Tornado1.6 mile pathDamage to farm,trees8 bit velocity key towarningWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Muscatine County IA – 21 Aug 2002ZSRMDVWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Ozark County, MO – 13 Aug 2002WDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003Only 6 tornadoes inAugust on record in SGFCWA prior.2 F1 tornadoes & large“RFD” swathDamage to farm, trees,silos8 bit velocity againparamount to detectionof tornadoes and gustfront

Wasola, MO – 13 Aug 2002WDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Wasola, MO – 13 Aug 2002Close-upWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Wasola, MO – 13 Aug 2002WDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Wasola, MO – 13 Aug 2002WDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

May 4, 2003 Tornado OutbreakPierce City, MOWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003Girard, KSCourtesy Chuck Robertson

May 4, 2003 Tornado OutbreakWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 200314 tornadoes15-80 milepath lengths24 deathsDamage inhundreds ofmillions.8-Bit Data allowed warning forecasters to assessmagnitude of tornadoes and debris field!!Cities Affected: Pierce City, Stockton, Liberal, Aurora, Battlefield, Franklin KS,Humansville, Urbana, Carl Junction

May 4, 2003 Tornado OutbreakWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

May 4, 2003 Tornado OutbreakWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

May 4, 2003 Tornado OutbreakWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

May 4, 2003 Tornado OutbreakCyclic Supercell producing twoviolent tornadoesWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Summary and RecommendationsDevelop color tablesTarget phenomenaBoundaries, mesocyclones, gust fronts,rainfall rates, and so onBreak points at important thresholds(60 dBZ or 50 knots)Use “interpolate” capability to add rangeof colorSee attached example tablesWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Example 8-Bit Z Curve-32.5 dBZ (204,204,204) and 4.5 (96,96,96)....click interpolate5 (32,96,128) and 19.5 (48, 208, 255) ... click interpolate20 (0,255,0) to 39.5 (0,76,0)...click interpolate40 (255, 230,0) to 49.5 (255,128,0) ....click interpolate50 (255,0,0) to 59.5 (96,0,0)...click interpolate60-64.5 (255,255,255)...fill65-69.5 (255,32,255)...fill70-74.5 (148,32,204)...fill75-79.5 (255,0,128)...fill80+ dBZ (0,255,150)...fillExample color tables from Evan Bookbinder, WFO SGFWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Example 8-Bit Vel CurveRange Folding (far left color band) (128,0,208)-123.4 kts (255,0,128) to -90.5 (0,0,160) ... click interpolate-90.5 (0,0,160) to -70 (0,224,255)...click interpolate-69 to -60 (0,255,224)...click fill-59 to -50.5 (160,255,208)...click fill-49.5 (160,255,208) to -40 (0,255,0)... click interpolate-40 (0,255,0) to -10.5 (16,96,16)... click interpolate-10.5 (16,96,16) to -1 (112,128,112)...click interpolate0 (144,128,144) to 10.5 (112,0,0)..click interpolate10.5 (112,0,0) to 40 (255,0,0)...click interpolate40 (255,0,0) to 48.6(255,0,128)...click interpolate49.5 (255,0,144) to 69 (255,196,255)...click interpolate70 kts (255,96,0) to 121.5 (255,255,0)...click interpolateWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Summary and RecommendationsDevelop AWIPS Procedures!Build appropriate color table and mapsinto procedureExamples:4 panel to compare multiple angles of DZ,DV4 panel to compare TDA to lowest 4 anglesof DV4 panel to compare Z, DZ (or DR) with rainrate color table, OHP, and STPWDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003

Summary and RecommendationsRPS List RecommendationsVCP 11 65 products on LAN ConnectionOnly lowest 4 tilts of Z/V/SRM are required fornational collection and public consumption.Eliminate old 16 level products above 3.4degrees. Since 8-bit SRM is generated on thefly and not in RPS list, all offices should havefull VCP 11 tilt suite of 8-bit Z and V products.WDM Workshop Boulder, CO July 2003