Analysis Techniques For Man-Machine Systems Design
Analysis Techniques For Man-Machine Systems Design Analysis Techniques For Man-Machine Systems Design
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NATO UNCLASSIFIED- iii - AC/243(Panel-8)TR/7Volume IANALYSIS TECHNIQUES FOR MAN-MACHINE SYSTEM DESIGN0. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY"Because they do not take sufficient account of the limitations posed by man as wellas other factors of real life, many complex systems requiring a high degree of integration ofmany functions ... will simply break down under the exacting conditions of a real dynamicbattle .P. Naslin, Head, NATO Defence Research Section, 19830.1 SUMMARY OF THE STUDYi. Human engineering (known in some countries as human factors in design orergonomics) is a discipline by which data on human capabilities and limitations are taken intoaccount during the engineering design and development process. NATO AC1243 Panel-8/RSG.14 completed a study of analysis techniques used for human engineering. The RSGcollected information on the of use of known human engineering analysis techniques, compileddescriptions of thirty-one existing techniques, reviewed them to identify the need for new andimproved techniques, reviewed the current state of standardization of such techniques, andcompiled examples of functional decompositions of typical manned systems. Volume 1 of thisreport reviews the state-of-the-art of human engineering analysis and its relationship to systemsengineering. Volume 2 of this report contains reviews of thirty-one human engineering analysesand functional decompositions prepared to assist the application of human engineering inadvanced development projects.0.1.1 Backgroundii. Human engineering is an essential speciality within the systems engineering effortdirected at the integration of the human with hardware and software sub-systems throughanalysis, simulation, test and design. The analyses follow the same general pattern as those ofsystems engineering. They include: mission analysis, function analysis, function allocation, taskanalysis, and performance analysis.iii. As weapon systems become more sophisticated and pressure to reduce militarymanpower increases, there is a severe risk that the unique skills and abilities of humans may notbe exploited as effectively as they could be, thus degrading the potential performance of asystem. Therefore, programmes in several NATO nations are directed at human systemsintegration (HSI). Human engineering is an essential activity in those programmes. For example,in the USA, total manpower, personnel and training costs are estimated to be 50% of the lifecyclecosts of a weapon system. Thus life-cycle managers are interested in HSI from theviewpoint of reducing manpower requirements and personnel costs as well as obtaining a highlevel of system effectiveness. To assist in obtaining those goals, human engineering applicationsNATO UNCLASSIFIED
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