Analysis Techniques For Man-Machine Systems Design

NATO UNCLASS.IFIED77 - AC/243(Panel-8)TR/7Volume 'Relative contributionUsers generally rate the technique as making a very high contribution to the system development process. However,the application must be timely.ApplicationsIn a review of human engineering analysis techniques on 33 projects, OSDs were the third most frequently usedtechnique. They were used in the concept development of 9 new systems, and the preliminary design of 1 I systems,including aircraft, tanks and ships.Quality assurance considerationsBecause they integrate information made available through other analyses, the OSDs can be checked for consistencywith preceding analytical efforts. The level of detail shown in OSDs makes them difficult to check, however. There isno simple way of summarizing the many pages of information contained in a typical OSD analysis. although LinkAnalysis Charts (6.3) can be used effectively in some circumstances.Relationship to system performance requirementsThe technique cannot be related directly to system performance requirements. As with other task analyses, it is aninventory of the actions required by the operator. and can be checked against specifications at that level. It can berelated to workload through the use of time lines or SAINT modelling.References and Bibliography1. Brooks, F.A. Jr. (1960). Operational sequence diagrams. IRE Transactions on Human Factors in Electronics,(pp. 33-34).2. DeGreene, K.B. (1970). Systems analysis techniques. In: K.B. DeGreene (Ed.), Systems Psvcholouv. New York:McGraw-Hill.3. Henry, W.O., Jones. JJ., & Mara, T.D. (1968). Final Reort: Human factors in ship control. Volume II: Humanengineering techniques and cuidelines applicable to merchant marine bndee desien. Report No. U-417-68-001.Groton, Connecticut: General Dynamics Inc.4. Kurke, M.I. (1961). Operational sequence diagrams in system design. Human Factors 3., 66-73.5. Lahey, GF. (1970). Automating the operational sequence diairam (OSD). (Research Memorandum SRM 71-8).San Diego. CA: Naval Personnel and Training Research Laboratory. AD 718842.6. Larson. O.A.. & Willis. J.E. (1970). Human factors methods development and test: Evaluation of the automatedoperational sequence diagram (OSD). (Research Memorandum SRM 70-17). San Diego, CA: Naval Personnel andTraining Research Laboratory.7. Laughery, K.R. Snr., & Laughery, K.R. Jr. (1987). Analytic techniques for function analysis. In: G. Salvendy,(Ed.) Handbook of human factors. New York: John Wiley & Sons.8. Malone, T.B., Gloss, D.S., & Eberhard, J.W. (1967). Human factors techniques employed in deriving personnelrequirements in weapon system development. Report No. PRR 68-3. Alexandria. VA: The Matrix Corp. forBureau of Naval Personnel.9. Tardieu. H.. Rochfeld, A. & Colletti, R. (1989). La methode Merise: principes et outils. demarches et practiques.Paris: Les Editions d'Organisation. Vols I & 2.10. US Department of Defense (1987). Human engineering procedures cuide. Washington D.C.: DoD-HDBK-763.NATO UNCLASSIFIED- 77 -