Impact of EPA Drinking Water Stage 2 Disinfectant and Disinfectant ...
Impact of EPA Drinking Water Stage 2 Disinfectant and Disinfectant ... Impact of EPA Drinking Water Stage 2 Disinfectant and Disinfectant ...
8Chemistry of Chlorination• How does chlorine actually carry out disinfection?• Depending on pH, the reaction of HOCl and water furtheryields an equilibrium between hypochlorous acid andhypochlorite ion.• The further dissociation, along with the two types of“hypos”(mainly hypochlorous acid which is electricallyneutral), can penetrate the cell walls of the organism anddisplace molecules needed to survive. The organism can nolonger function or replicate and eventually dies.Disinfection
9Chemistry of Chlorination• Free Chlorine• HOCl is approx. 70-90 timesstronger oxidant then theHypochlorite ion “OCl-”which is predominant inhigher pHs.• Efficiency of Disinfectionwith Free Chlorinedecreases significantly withan increase in pH value.Disinfection
- Page 1 and 2: 1Impact of EPA Drinking Water Stage
- Page 3 and 4: 3Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974•
- Page 5 and 6: Stage 2 Rule5• The Stage 2 Disinf
- Page 7: Chemistry of Chlorination7• Free
- Page 11 and 12: 11Chemistry of Chlorine• Atomic N
- Page 13 and 14: 13Chemistry of Chlorination• Duri
- Page 15 and 16: 15History of Monochloramine Use•
- Page 17 and 18: 17Chemistry of ChloraminesThe Basic
- Page 19 and 20: 19Chemistry of Chloramines• The m
- Page 21 and 22: 21CleanWaterDBP: Free Chlorine Trea
- Page 23 and 24: Chloramination Process23• To form
- Page 25 and 26: Chloramination Process25• Chlorin
- Page 27 and 28: 27Chemical AdditionChemicalFeed Rat
- Page 29 and 30: 29Chemical Addition• Goal: 5:1 we
- Page 31 and 32: 31Measurement ChallengesPhotometry,
- Page 33 and 34: 33Desired Analyzer Design FeaturesP
- Page 35 and 36: 35Desired Analyzer Design FeaturesQ
- Page 37 and 38: 37Summary of Desired FeaturesA cont
- Page 39 and 40: 39Measuring Process1. Zero measurem
- Page 41 and 42: Monochloramine Monitoring41• Chlo
- Page 43 and 44: Would You Benefit?43• Would you b
- Page 45: 45Questions?Thank you for your atte
9Chemistry <strong>of</strong> Chlorination• Free Chlorine• HOCl is approx. 70-90 timesstronger oxidant then theHypochlorite ion “OCl-”which is predominant inhigher pHs.• Efficiency <strong>of</strong> Disinfectionwith Free Chlorinedecreases significantly withan increase in pH value.Disinfection
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