Eleventh Five Year Plan

58 Eleventh Five Year Planhygiene, and feeding practices. The Plan will facilitateconvergence and development of public health systemsand services that are responsive to health needs andaspirations of people. Importance will be given to reducingdisparities in health across regions and communitiesby ensuring access to affordable health care.3.1.7 Although it has been said in plan after plan, itneeds to be reiterated here that the Eleventh Five YearPlan will give special attention to the health ofmarginalized groups like adolescent girls, women ofall ages, children below the age of three, older persons,disabled, and primitive tribal groups. It will viewgender as the cross-cutting theme across all schemes.3.1.8 To achieve these objectives, aggregate spendingon health by the Centre and the States will be increasedsignificantly to strengthen the capacity of the publichealth system to do a better job. The Plan will also ensurea large share of allocation for health programmesin critical areas such as HIV/AIDS. The contributionof the private sector in providing primary, secondary,and tertiary services will be enhanced through variousmeasures including partnership with the government.Good governance, transparency, and accountabilityin the delivery of health services will be ensuredthrough involvement of PRIs, community, and civilsociety groups. Health as a right for all citizens is thegoal that the Plan will strive towards.Time-Bound Goals for the EleventhFive Year Plan• Reducing Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) to 1 per1000 live births.• Reducing Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) to 28 per1000 live births.• Reducing Total Fertility Rate (TFR) to 2.1.• Providing clean drinking water for all by 2009 andensuring no slip-backs.• Reducing malnutrition among children of age group0–3 to half its present level.• Reducing anaemia among women and girls by50%.• Raising the sex ratio for age group 0–6 to 935 by2011–12 and 950 by 2016–17.(Actions to be taken to achieve the goals related to cleandrinking water, malnutrition, and anaemia have beenindicated in detail in other chapters.)CURRENT SCENARIO, CONCERNS, ANDCHALLENGESIndia in the International Scenario3.1.9 The comparative picture with regard to healthindicators such as life expectancy, TFR, IMR, andMMR points that countries placed in almost similarsituations such as Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and China haveperformed much better than India (Table 3.1.1).TABLE 3.1.1Health Indicators among Selected CountriesCountry IMR Life Expectancy MMR TFR(per 1000 live births) M/F (per 100000 live births)(in years)India 58 63.9/66.9* 301 2.9China 32 70.6/74.2 56 1.72Japan 3 78.9/86.1 10 1.35Republic of Korea 3 74.2/81.5 20 1.19Indonesia 36 66.2/69.9 230 2.25Malaysia 9 71.6/76.2 41 2.71Vietnam 27 69.5/73.5 130 2.19Bangladesh 52 63.3/65.1 380 3.04Nepal 58 62.4/63.4 740 3.40Pakistan 73 64.0/64.3 500 3.87Sri Lanka 15 72.2/77.5 92 1.89Note: * Projected (2001–06).Source: India—RGI, Government of India (GoI) (Latest Figures); Others—State of World Population (2006).