Youth Affairs and Sports and Art and Culture 49Museums and Visual Arts2.2.4 Modernization of museums involved layingemphasis on digitization and documentation of artworksas part of <strong>Plan</strong> activities and on strengtheningof networking among Central museums. The schemeof financial assistance for strengthening of regionaland local museums has been revised with a view towidening its scope for assisting smaller museums.The National Council of Science Museums (NCSM)has been engaged in popularizing Science and Technologyamongst students through a wide range ofactivities and interactive programmes implementedby 26 Science Museums/Centres.Archaeology, Anthropology, and Ethnology2.2.5 Successive <strong>Five</strong> <strong>Year</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>s focused on preservationand development of heritage sites and monumentcomplexes. Major strategies included (i) involvementof university departments of History and Archaeologyin survey of heritage sites; (ii) modernization ofgalleries, digital documentation of antiquities, publicationof catalogues, museum guides, and picturepostcards by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI);(iii) publication of excavation reports; (iv) setting up anew Underwater Archaeology Branch; and (v) demarcationof protected limits of archaeological monumentsand provisions to safeguard against encroachments.Archives, Libraries, and Literature2.2.6 The National Archives of India (NAI) has beenthe custodian of Central Government records of enduringvalue for permanent preservation and use byadministrators and scholars. Preservation and conservationof rare books and other documents is oneof the chief activities of the National Library andCentral Reference Library (Kolkata), Central SecretariatLibrary and Delhi Public Library (NewDelhi), State Central Library (Mumbai), ThanjavurMaharaja Serofji Saraswati Mahal Library (TMSSML)(Thanjavur) and Raja Ram Mohun Roy Library Foundation(Kolkata), which are engaged in digitization ofold books and manuscripts and retro-conservationof catalogues. Developing a National BibliographicDatabase in electronic format to encourage resourcesharing, networking and to improve reader servicesis the hallmark of modernization activities in thelibrary sector.Education, Research and Others2.2.7 Achievement of <strong>Plan</strong> schemes have been substantialunder the education and research fields,viz. Buddhist and Tibetan Institutions, NationalMuseum Institute, Centenary and Memorials, Centrefor Cultural Resources and Training (CCRT), etc.Other initiatives included building projects andconstruction activities at National Museum (NewDelhi) and at National Gallery of Modern Art(Bangalore and New Delhi). Under National CultureFund (NCF), projects were undertaken in collaborationwith private houses, viz. Shaniwarwara (Pune),Jnana Pravaha (Varanasi), Humayun’s Tomb (Delhi),Durgapur Children’s Society (WB), five heritage sitesin five States in collaboration with Indian Oil Corporation,Taj Mahal (Agra) in collaboration with TajGroup of Hotels, and Jantar Mantar (New Delhi) incollaboration with APJ Group.PROGRESS DURING THE TENTH PLAN2.2.8 The thrust areas during the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> includedimplementation of a comprehensive plan for the preservationof archaeological heritage and developmentof monument complexes; modernization of museumsand preservation of archival heritage; promotion ofclassical, folk and tribal art crafts, and oral traditions.Computerization of museums with the assistance ofNational Informatics Centre (NIC), digitization ofcollections, micro filming of manuscripts and theintroduction of equipment for audio tours receivedspecial focus. Networking amongst Central museums,undertaking in-service staff training and organizingexhibitions were other priority areas.2.2.9 The Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> (2002–07) allocation for Art andCulture was Rs 1720 crore. The total expenditure duringthe Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> at Rs 1526.30 crore accounted for88.74% of <strong>Plan</strong> outlay (see Annexure 2.2.1). Lack ofproper phasing of expenditure and activities undervarious cultural organizations hindered full utilizationof <strong>Plan</strong> allocation. There were cost and time over-runsin some of the major civil work projects.SCHEME-WISE/SECTOR-WISE ANALYSISPromotion and Dissemination of Art and Culture2.2.10 Promotion and dissemination of art andculture have been mainly done through seven ZCCs.
50 <strong>Eleventh</strong> <strong>Five</strong> <strong>Year</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>During the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong>, the CCRT trained about 22000in-service teachers and 700 teacher-educators. TheSNA, Sahitya Akademi (SA), and Lalit Kala Akademi(LKA) organized Golden Jubilee Celebrations to commemoratetheir fiftieth anniversaries. About 21000books were added to the SA libraries in Delhi, Mumbai,Kolkata, and Bangalore during the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong>. SNAorganized Music, Dance and Theatre Festivals, Seminarsand Workshops, Yuva Utsavs and Puppetry Shows.LKA organized exhibitions in India and abroad. TheNational School of Drama conducted more than 300production-oriented theatre workshops and organizeda Satellite Theatre Festival in Bangalore. The expenditureunder Promotion and Dissemination of Art andCulture at Rs 454.99 crore exceeded the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong>outlay of Rs 362.43 crore by 25.5%.Archaeology2.2.11 Several excavation projects undertaken duringthe period include those at Dholavira (Kachchh,Gujarat), Dhalewa (Punjab), Sravasti (UP), KanaganahalliSannati (Karnataka), Hathab (Saurashtra,Gujarat), Udaigiri (Orissa), Boxanager (Tripura),Karenghar (Sibsgar, Assam), Arikamedu (Pondicherry),Dum Dum (Kolkata), and Bellie Guard (Lucknow).Major works for conservation and integrated developmentin respect of 15 monuments were taken up bythe ASI. Collaboration with the corporate sector suchas Taj Group of Hotels and the World MonumentFund was also initiated. Initiatives undertaken by theASI included protection of 3667 monuments andsigning an MoU with Government of Kampuchea forthe conservation of Ta-Prohm Temple in Siem Reap.Under Archaeology, the plan expenditure of Rs 304.11crore exceeded the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> outlay of Rs 284.83 croreby 7%.Archives and Records2.2.12 The NAI has revitalized its programmes ofexpansion of records management and repair andreprography. Other scheme components underArchives and Records, viz., Khuda Baksh OrientalPublic Library, Rampur Raza Library, Asiatic Societiesat Kolkata and Mumbai, and the TMSSML have performedwell during the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong>. However, the <strong>Plan</strong>expenditure of Rs 60.32 crore showed a shortfallof 18.61% as compared to the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> outlay ofRs 74.11 crore.2.2.13 It was during the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> that attention wasdrawn towards the manuscript wealth of the countryand on the need for special attention on their conservationand upkeep. The National Mission for Manuscriptswas launched for inventorization and protectionof Indian manuscripts. The mission has taken up thetask of compiling a national database of manuscripts(being made available online) by initiating a nationalsurvey of about 2 million manuscripts. More importantly,45 most unique manuscripts recording India’sachievements in science, philosophy, scripture, history,and the arts have been selected by a committee of selectorsas national treasure. Software has been preparedby NIC in Visual Basic Net for cataloguing of manuscripts.About 2 lakh illustrated manuscripts have beendigitized.Museums2.2.14 Out of the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> outlay of Rs 304.13 crorefor Museums, <strong>Plan</strong> expenditure at Rs 314.21 croreexceeded the outlay by 3.3%. The thrust was onthe strengthening of networking among Centralmuseums, enabling these institutions to share theirexperiences and resources in undertaking in-servicetraining, and organizing exhibitions. The NationalMuseum paid increased attention on modernizingits permanent galleries. Three new galleries, viz.,Nizam Jewellery Gallery, Folk and Art Gallery, andCentral Asian Antiquities were set up in the NationalMuseum.Public Libraries2.2.15 Out of the Tenth <strong>Plan</strong> outlay of Rs 131.05 crore,an expenditure of Rs 121.76 crore was incurred,which indicates a shortfall of 7.1%. This schemeincludes National Library of India, Central ResearchLibrary, Raja Rammohun Rai Library Foundation,Kolkata; Delhi Public Library and Central SecretariatLibrary, New Delhi; State Central Library, Mumbai;Connemara Library, Chennai, and National Policy onLibrary and Information Centre.Indira Gandhi National Centre for Arts(IGNCA)2.2.16 The mandate of IGNCA is to explore, study andrevive the dialogue between India and her neighboursin areas pertaining to the arts, especially in Southand South East Asia. IGNCA has six functional units,
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