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PAT December, 2012; 8 (2): 68-75 ISSN: 0794-5213Online copy available atwww.patnsukjournal.net/currentissuePublication of Nasarawa State University, KeffiComparison and Prediction of Morphological Characteristics of Frizzled FrizzledFeather and Naked Neck Chicken in Derived Savannah zone.*Ige,A.O 1 .,**Salako, A.E.,***Yakubu,A.,*Ojedapo,L.O.,*Adedeji,T.A., and****Adeoti, T.M*Animal production and Health Department Ladoke Akintloa University of Technology, Ogbomoso Nigeria.**Animal Science Department University Of Ibadan, Ibadan Nigeria.***Animal Science Department Nassarawa State University Lafia Keffi Nigeria****Department of Agricultural Technology, Polythecnic Ibadan, Saki Campus1 Author for Correspondence:igeazeemng50@yahoo.comAbstractEffect of major genes on morphological characteristics of indigenous chickens in derivedsavannah zone was studied. The two major genes were adult frizzled feathered and naked neckchickens. The traits measured were Body weight, (BW), Chest circumference (CC), ShankLength (SL), Body Length (BL), Thigh Length (TL) and Comb Height (CH). Naked Neck(1.69kg) chickens showed higher body weight (P>0.05) than frizzled feathered (1.44kg). Shanklength, thigh length and body length showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between thetwo genes studied. Body weight predicted using chest circumference gave the highestcoefficient of determination (R 2 ) in both genotypes. Further addition of body measurementshowed significant improvement in (R 2 ) in both genotypes.Body weight was positively andsignificantly (P

PAT 2012; 8 (2): 68-75: ISSN: 0794-5213; Ige et al: Comparison and Prediction of Morphological ….… 70of Osogbo (Capital of Osun State). It lies approximately 4 0 15' on the longitude andlatitude 8 0 7' North of the equator (Oladuntan and Oladimeji 1999).Data CollectionThe study was conducted on 98 adult local chickens comprising of 56 frizzledfeathered chickens and 42 Naked Neck chickens. They were extensively managedwithin the derived savannah zone of Nigeria. They were individually assessed for somebody measurement. Body measurement taken on each animal were body weight (BW),Shank Length (SL), shank width (SW) thigh length (TL),body length (BL),body girth(BG) comb length (CL) thigh and comb height (CH).Live body weight was measured inkilograms using weighing scale and others body measurement with use of Tailors taperule (cm) and vernier caliper (mm). The reference points and procedure for bodymeasurement were as prescribed is elsewhere in Ige et al (2006) and Gueye et al(1998).Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance Pearsons correlationcoefficients were estimated between body weight (BW) and all the bodymeasurements, using general linear model (SPSS 1990).The following statistical model was usedY ij = m + S i + e ijWhere Y ij = Estimated value for body weight or body measurementm = Population MeanS i = Fixed effect of genotypee ij = Residual ErrorThe generalized prediction model adapted is as follows:kwhereY ij = a + åb i x i + e ii=kY i = Dependent variable (body weight)a = Intercept on the y-axisb i = Partial regression coefficientsx = Independent variable (i.e the linear body measurement)e i = Random error, identically, independently and normally distributed with zeromean and constant variance {N, D (O, s 2 )}Results and DiscussionTable 1 show the mean values for body weight and body parameters studied NakedNeck chickens showed highest values for body weight (1.68kg) than frizzled feather

PAT 2012; 8 (2): 68-75: ISSN: 0794-5213; Ige et al: Comparison and Prediction of Morphological ….… 71chickens (1.44kg). This is in line with report of Fayeye et al (2006), it also agreed withworks of Ige et al (2006) and Nwosu and Asuquo (1980). Average shank length of2.8±0.23cm and 2.0±0.11cm (P0.05) between the two genotypes, however higher value wasobtained for Naked Neck.Average chest circumference of 12.4cm and 12.3cm for Naked Neck and frizzledfeathered was not significantly different (P>0.05), this is in line with the report ofOluyemi and Ogunmodede (1976).Genotype has no significant effect (P>0.05) on comblength and comb height in this study.Table 2 showed the phenotypic correlation between body weight and bodymeasurements in both genotypes. The correlation were positive and significant (P

PAT 2012; 8 (2): 68-75: ISSN: 0794-5213; Ige et al: Comparison and Prediction of Morphological ….… 72Conclusively, this study established that Naked Neck chickens were heavier thanfrizzled feathered chicken and no significant differences was observed in correlationand regression study between the two major genes, further studies should be extended toprotein and DNA level, to establish genetic diversity between the two genes forconservation and breeding purpose.ReferencesKaizer D. (1990). Improvement of traditional poultry keeping in Nigeria. Inproceedings. CTA Seminar, 3 rd International Symposium on poultryproduction in hot climates, Hameln Germany, 12 June 1987.FOS (Federal Office of Statistics) 1986 Annual abstract of statistics. FOS LagosNigeria.Obioha, F.C.,Nwosu, C.C., Gowen, F, Etim, D.B.,Obanu Z., Themelandi E.andOnuora G.I. (1983). Comparative meat yield and arthropometric indices ofthe Nigerian native chicken and an exotic strain world Review of AnimalProduction 19 (1): 58-64.Obanu L.A.; Obioha F.C, and Nwafor W.A. (1994). World Rev. of Anim.Prod20:53-57.NRC (1993). Managing global genetic resources. Livestock committee on managingglobal genetic resources. Washington DC, USA.Bessei, W (1989). Preservation of local poultry stocks. In genotype environmentInteractions in poultry production. Report of a meeting, Joiu-en-Josas, France, 9-11 May 1989. Colloques delINRA, No. 50 p 175-158.Ibe S.N. (1993).Growth performance of normal, frizzle and Naked Neck chickens ina tropical environment. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 20:26-31.Ebehart D.E. and Washburn W. (1993). Assessing the effect of the Naked Neckgene in chronic heat stress resistance in two genetic population. PoultryScience 72:1391-1399.Horst, P. 1988. Native fowl as reservoir for genomes and major genes with directand indirect effects on production adaptability. In Proceedings, 18thWorld Poultry Congress, Nagoya, Japan, 49 September 1988, p. 105.Ige A.O., Akinlade J.A., Ojedapo L.O., Oladunjoye I.O., Amao S.R,andAnimasahun A.O. (2006). Effect of sex on interrelationship betweenweight and linear body measurements of commercial broilers in aderived savannah environment of Nigeria. Proc 11 th Ann.Conf. Animalscience of Nig. Sept 18-26, 2006. I.A. R.P T Ibadan pg 231-2331Gueye E.F, A. Ndiaye and R.D.S. Branckaert (1998). Prediction of body weight onthe basis of body measurements in mature indigenous chickens in Senegal

PAT 2012; 8 (2): 68-75: ISSN: 0794-5213; Ige et al: Comparison and Prediction of Morphological ….… 74chickens. Paper presented at the workshop of African Networkfor rural poultry development, M’Bour, Senegal, December 1997, 8pagesTable 1: Mean values for body weight (BW) and linear body measurement of NakedNeck (Na) and frizzled feathered (f) chickenGenotypesTraits Naked Neck Frizzled feathered SignificantBody weight (kg) 1.69±0.27 1.44±0.34 XxBody measurement (cm)Shank length 2.8±0.23 2.9±0.16 XxShank width 0.75±0.13 0.69±0.20 XxThigh length 1.09±0.98 1.25±0.35 XxBody length 4.5±0.35 4.27±0.63 XxChest circumference 12.44±0.55 12.3±0.54 XxComb length (mm) 12.2±0.54 13.0±0.07 XxComb height (mm) 1.39±1.51 0.34±0.41 Xxxx (P0.05)xx = Significant (P

PAT 2012; 8 (2): 68-75: ISSN: 0794-5213; Ige et al: Comparison and Prediction of Morphological ….… 75Table 3: Regression equation on the basis of body measurement for frizzled featheredchickenRegression equation R 2 SignificantBW = -2.12+1.23SL 0.38 XxBW = 0.81+0.10BL 0.03 XxBW = -2.08+0.293CC 0.69 XxBW = 0.39 +0.42TL 0.22 NsBW = 1.86 +0.66SL +0.35SW 0.23TL 0.11BL 0.83 Xx+0.21CC +0.25CL 0.03CHBW = -1.9+0.053SL +0.30CH 0.50 XxBW = 1.9 + 0.5BL +0.3CH 0.69 XxBW = - 2.13 +0.23BG - 0.88SW 0.64 XxBody Weight= BW, Shank Length= SL, Shank Width=SW, Thigh Length=TL, Body Length=BLChest Circumference=CC, Comb Length=CL, Comb Height=CHTable 4: Regression equation on the basis of body measurement for Naked NeckchickenRegression equation R 2 SignificantBW = 5.47+1.46SL +1.35 SW 0.98TL 0.13BL 0.3CC+0.0037CL 0.14CH0.82 xxBW = - 0.32 +0.43SL +0.45SW 0.47 xxBW =- 1.714 +0.27CC 0.63 xxBW = - 2.87 +0.33BL +0.47TL 0.513 xxBW = 2.26 +0.16SL 0.26 xxxx (P