CrossWorks for ARM User Guide

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•Low-level debugging (page 30). Describes how to use debugger features to debugyour program at the machine level by watching registers and tracing instructions.Creating a projectTo start developing an application, you create a new project. To create a new project,do the following:•From the File menu, click New then New Project...The New Project dialog appears. This dialog displays the set of project types andproject templates.We'll create a project to develop our application in C:•Click the Executable icon in the Templates pane which selects the type of projectto add.•Type Tutorial in the Name edit box, which names the project.•You can use the Location edit box or the Browse button to locate where you wantthe project to be created.•Click OK.This will create a project for a generic ARM target that has RAM mapped at address0x00000000, as we are going to run this example on the simulator this is fine. ARMhardware however is rarely so accommodating as memory will be mapped at differentaddresses, target specific startup code may be required to initialize peripherals,different techniques need to be employed to reset the target and target specific loaderapplications are required to program FLASH. To create a project to run on hardwareyou should instead select a template from the project type matching your target, thiswill create a project with the memory maps, startup code, reset script and FLASHloader for your target.Once created, the project setup wizard prompts you to set some common options forthe project.Here you can specify an additional file format to be output when the application islinked, and what library support to include if you use printf and scanf. You can changethese settings after the project is created using the Project Explorer.Clicking Next displays the files that will be added to the project.14 Chapter 2 CrossStudio Tutorial
The Links to system files group shows the links that will be created in the project toCrossStudio system files. Project links are fully explained in Project management(page 43), and we can ignore these for now.Clicking Next displays the configurations that will be added to the project.Here you can specify the default configurations that will be added to the project.Project configurations are fully explained in Project management (page 43), and wecan ignore these for now.Complete the project creation by clicking Finish.The Project Explorer shows the overall structure of your project. To see the projectexplorer, do one of the following:•From the View menu, click Project Explorer.or•Type Ctrl+Alt+P.or•Right click the tool bar area.•From the popup menu, select Project Explorer.This is what our project looks like in the Project Explorer:Chapter 2Creating a project15
Page 1: CrossWorks for ARMUser GuideRowley
Page 4 and 5: 38 The status bar40 The editing wor
Page 6 and 7: Chapter 16 173 CrossStudio menu sum
Page 8 and 9: Part VIAppendicesChapter 35 337 Fil
Page 11 and 12: 1IntroductionThis guide is divided
Page 13 and 14: •Integrated Debugger The debugger
Page 15 and 16: After purchasing CrossWorksWhen you
Page 17 and 18: •Sequences which may be repeated
Page 19 and 20: Part IICrossStudio ReferenceThis se
Page 21: 2CrossStudio TutorialCrossStudio al
Page 25 and 26: •In the Project Explorer, right c
Page 27 and 28: •Select the main.c file.•Click
Page 29 and 30: Building projectsNow that the proje
Page 31 and 32: Project code and data sizesDevelope
Page 33 and 34: Displaying the Symbol BrowserTo dis
Page 35 and 36: Printing Symbol Browser contentsYou
Page 37 and 38: •Type F5.The workspace will chang
Page 39 and 40: Setting up againWhat we'll now do i
Page 41 and 42: Stopping and starting debuggingYou
Page 43 and 44: 3OverviewThis section introduces th
Page 45 and 46: The menu barThe menu bar conatins d
Page 47 and 48: PanelCaret positionCaps lock status
Page 49 and 50: Changing to Multiple Document Works
Page 51 and 52: 4Project managementCrossWorks has a
Page 53 and 54: •Combining — a project that can
Page 55 and 56: •In the New Project dialog, selec
Page 57 and 58: •Click on the project item to rem
Page 59 and 60: There is a special configuration na
Page 61 and 62: Project dependencies and build orde
Page 63 and 64: •Click on the Project tab.•Sele
Page 65 and 66: 5Building projectsCrossStudio provi
Page 67 and 68: •From the Build menu, select Buil
Page 69 and 70: 6Source code controlCrossWorks supp
Page 71 and 72: —or—•In the Project Explorer,
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7Debug expressionsThe debugger can
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8Basic editingCrossStudio has a bui
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KeystrokeLeftRightHomeEndPageUpPage
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—or—•From the Edit menu, clic
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•Either click somewhere in the do
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To cut whole lines from the current
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•From the Edit menu, click Advanc
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•Set the Indent Closing Brace pro
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•Select Edit | Insert File menu i
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•If the search will be carried ou
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Advanced editor featuresCode Templa
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•Select Edit > Advanced > Uncomme
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9Memory map editorMemory map files
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•Input Section Names. The optiona
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10Package managementCrossWorks can
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11Linking and Section placementExec
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The startup code will need to copy
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12CrossStudio WindowsThis section i
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•Repeatedly type Ctrl+Shift+V to
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•Enable, disable and delete exist
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Editing a breakpointTo edit the pro
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—or—•From the Breakpoints win
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—or—•On the Debug tool bar, c
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—or—•On the Debug Location to
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Globals tool barButtonDescriptionDi
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Locals tool barButtonDescriptionDis
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Memory window updatesThe memory win
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Showing the Registers windowTo disp
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clicking on one of the entries in t
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Watch tool barButtonDescriptionDisp
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Expressions you can watchHelp windo
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Output windowThe Output window cont
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The Project Explorer tool barButton
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Source navigator windowOne of the b
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—or—•On the Source Navigator
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variables, the range is the range o
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Grouping symbols by source fileWhen
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•In the Symbol Browser, right cli
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—or—•In the Targets window, c
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Controlling target connectionsReset
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13Target interfacesA target interfa
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•Parallel Port Address The base a
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•Identify Target Specifies whethe
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•Processor Stop Time The timeout
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14ARM Target SupportWhen a target s
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•fiq_handler - This is the defaul
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There is a Heap Size linker project
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Target script fileThe target interf
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efore the debugger starts accessing
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DescriptionTargetInterface.peekByte
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DescriptionTargetInterface.setICEBr
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•Fast Comms Channel Loader — Th
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15DialogsDebug file search editorWh
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•Show full path in title bar. Ena
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16CrossStudio menu summaryThe follo
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Menu command Keystroke DescriptionR
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Menu command Keystroke DescriptionC
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Menu command Keystroke DescriptionP
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The Edit Selection menuEdit Selecti
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Advanced menuThe Advanced menu prov
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Menu command Keystroke DescriptionL
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The Browser menuBrowser commandsMen
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Search menu commandsMenu command Ke
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The Build menuBuild menu commandsMe
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Menu command Keystroke DescriptionS
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Debug Control commandsMenu command
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The Debug Windows menuDebug Windows
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Menu command Keystroke DescriptionD
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The Help menuHelp menu commandsMenu
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Part IIITasking Library TutorialThi
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17OverviewThe CTL enables your appl
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Timer supportIf your application ca
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18TasksEach task has a correspondin
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#include void task1(void *p){// tas
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19Event setsAn event set is a means
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ctl_events_set_clear(&e1, 1, 0);}vo
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20SemaphoresA semaphore is a counte
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}}ctl_semaphore_signal(&s1);/* reso
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21Message queuesA message queue is
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void task2(void){void *msg;…ctl_m
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22Byte queuesA byte queue is a stru
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{…ctl_byte_queue_init(&m1,queue,
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23Global interrupts controlThe Cros
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24Timer supportThe current time is
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25Programmable interrupt handlingTh
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26Low-level interrupt handlingIf yo
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27Memory areasMemory areas provide
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Part IVLibrary ReferenceLibrary Ref
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- DiagnosticsThe header file defin
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isalnumSynopsisDescriptionPortabili
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DescriptionPortabilityispunct retur
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The header file defines the macros
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INT_MAXSynopsisDescriptionPortabili
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UINT_MAXSynopsisDescriptionPortabil
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coshfsinhsinhftanhtanhfCompute hype
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DescriptionFast math librarybehavio
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atanSynopsisDescriptionPortability#
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atanhfSynopsisDescriptionFast math
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Fast math librarybehaviorIEC 60559
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fmaxSynopsis#include double fmax(do
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frexp stores power of two in the in
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ldexpSynopsis#include double ldexp(
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IEC 60559 mathlibrary behaviorPorta
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If x = +Infinity and y < 0 and y N
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sinhfSynopsis#include float sinhf(f
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tanhfSynopsis#include float tanhf(f
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- Variable argumentsThe header file
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The behaviour of va_start and va_ar
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Some CrossWorks library variants do
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produces ‘INF’ or ‘NAN’ ins
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A directive that is a conversion sp
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•‘[’. Matches a nonempty sequ
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Portabilityputchar conforms to ISO/
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DescriptionPortabilitysscanf reads
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DescriptionNotesPortabilityvsprintf
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Pseudo-random sequence generation f
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DescriptionPortabilitycalloc alloca
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Description ldiv_t stores the quoti
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See Also srand (page 302) RAND_MAX
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strtofSynopsisDescriptionPortabilit
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strtollSynopsisDescription#include
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If the subject sequence begins with
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Descriptionultoa converts val to a
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memchr returns a pointer to the loc
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DescriptionPortabilitystrcmp compar
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strncmp returns an integer greater
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strtok then searches from there for
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29CrossBuildThe command line progra
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30CrossLoadCrossLoad is a command l
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This command will produce a list of
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31mkhdr - C/C++ header file generat
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32mkpkg - package creatorTo create
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33GCC Online Documentation
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34BINUTILS Online Documentation
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Part VIAppendicesAppendices
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•access The permissable access ty
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ProgramSection elements have the fo
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The next entry is the projects elem
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344 Chapter 35 File formats
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Property Type Save NameExclude From
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Property Type Save NameInclude Debu
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Property Type Save NameSuppress War
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Property Name Type Save NameARM Arc
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Property Name Type Save NameARM Flo
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Property Name Type Save NameGenerat
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Property Name Type Save NameOptimiz
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Property Type Save NameUndefine All
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Property Type Save NameZeroed Secti
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Property Type Save NameLoad Address
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Library PropertiesLibrary OptionsTh
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Printf/Scanf OptionsProperty Type S
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Property Type Save NameScanf Intege
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Property Type Save NameAdditional O
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Property Type Save NameGenerate Map
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Property Type Save NameMemory Map F
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Property Type Save NameStack Size (
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Property Type Save NamePackage Memb
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Combining OptionsThese properties a
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Target OptionsProperty Type Save Na
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Property Type Save NameARM Debug In
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Property Type Save NameDebug Handle
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Property Type Save NameJTAG Data Bi
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Property Type Save NameJTAG Instruc
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Property Type Save NameLast Loader
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Property Type Save NameLoader File
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Simulator OptionsProperty Type Save
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Keystrokes Menu DescriptionCtrl+Pag
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Keystrokes Menu DescriptionCtrl+F E
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Keystrokes Menu DescriptionEdit |Ad
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Keystrokes Menu ActionF3BackspaceDe
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408 Chapter 39 Glossary
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