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DISEASE AND INSECT PESTS IN RICE RATOONING SYSTEMS 237suitable systemic insecticides, such as dimethoate or phosphamidon, immediatelyafter the main crop harvest may take care of the insect vectors at the initial stages ofratoon growth and reduce the incidence of these diseases. All these aspects need to bestudied.INSECT PESTSInsect pests on the ratoon crop have been studied in relation to the main crop atMudigere, Karnataka (6). On Intan paddy, higher incidences of orange leafhopperThaia subrufa, green leafhoppers Nephotettix spp., and brown planthopperNilaparvata lugens are observed on the ratoon crop than on the main crop. Otherinsects present on both main and ratoon crops are whorl maggot Hydrellia griseola,paddy gall midge Orseolia oryzae, leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, thripsBaliothrips biformis, and stem borers Tryporyza incertulas and T. innotata.The leafhoppers do not cause much damage in the regular season, buthopperburn damage is enormous November-March. The orange-headed leafhopperseems to be specific to the hilly region of Karnataka, with severe damage November-May (10). This pest has not been observed around Bangalore, perhaps because ofseasonal conditions in that region. Stem borers produce deadheart symptoms duringearly growth and white ears during flowering, causing considerable damage to therice crop. Leaf roller-infested plants appear scorched and sickly; high infestationleads to severe yield losses.Because pest populations start building up in a ratoon crop, without plantprotection they could migrate to the transplanted summer crop and cause severedamage. Population in the initial stage of buildup on the ratoon crop must beeffectively controlled. Applying suitable granular insecticides, such as carbofuran,phorate, and sevin (granular), or spraying systemic insecticides, such as dimethoateor phosphamidon, immediately after the main crop is cut may be sufficient toeliminate all insect pests as well as disease vectors in early stages of the ratoon crop.One more spraying of dimethoate or phosphamidon at the flag leaf stage may besufficient to reduce insect pests at later stages of the ratoon crop, especially stemborers and leaf rollers. Cultural practices such as removing all the debris around theratoon crop may help in controlling not only insect pests and vectors, but alsodiseases by reducing the primary sources of inoculum.However, research on important diseases and insect pests occurring mainly onthe ratoon crop and economic control measures is needed. Breeding work also mustbe intensified to develop good-ratooning varieties with resistance to the diseasescaused by viruses and MLOs.
238 RICE RATOONINGREFERENCES CITED1. Anjaneyulu, A., and N.K. Chakrabarti. 1977. Geographical distribution of rice tungro virus diseaseand its vector in India. Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 2:15-17.2. Bahar, F.A. 1976. Prospects for raising productivity of rice by ratooning. MS thesis, University of thePhilippines at Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 102 p.3. Bahar, F.A., and S.K. De Datta. 1977. Prospects of increasing total rice production throughratooning. Agron. J. 69:536-540.4. Bangalore Agricultural College. 1985. Annual progress report of the Seed Technology Departmentfor the year 1984-85. Bangalore, India.5. Centre for Overseas Post Research. 1976. Pest control in rice. PANS Manual No. 36. Chakrakvarthy, A.K. 1976. Abundance of insect pests on ratoon rice in relation to the main crop atMudigere. Annual report of Regional Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences,Mudigere, Karnataka for the year 1985-86.7. Chauhan, J.S., B.S. Vergara, and F.S.S. Lopez. 1985. Rice ratooning. IRRI Res. Pap. Ser. 102. 19 p.8. Evans, L.J.C. 1957. Ratoon rice. World Crops 9(6):227-228.9. Garsia, D.E. 1962. Ratooning of rice (EP cultivo de la “Soca” del arroz). Arroz 11(24):8 from Trop.Abstr. 18(1):18.10. Gavi Gowda, K.R. Jayaram, and Nagaraju. 1983. Thaia subrufa (Homoptera: Cicadellidae)occurrence in Karnataka, India. Int. Rice Res. Newsl. 8(5):17.11. Grist, D.H. 1965. Rice. Longmans. London. 571 p.12. Hashioka, Y. 1964. Virus diseases of rice in the world. II Riso 13:295-309.13. Hashioka, Y. 1969. Rice diseases in the world. III. Bacterial diseases. II Riso 18(1):189-205.14. John, V.T. 1966. Insecticidal control of Nephotettix spp., the vector of tungro and yellow dwarfdiseases. Indian Phytopathol. 14:150-154.15. Ling, K.C. 1972. Rice virus diseases. International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933, Manila,Philippines. 134 p.16. Mahadevappa, M. 1979. Ratoon cropping to increase rice production. University of AgriculturalSciences Tech. Ser. 26. 23 p.17. Mahadevappa, M. 1980. Control of yellow dwarf disease of rice using insecticides. II Riso 29:309-312.18. Muniyappa, V., and K. Ramakrishna. 1976. Epidemiology of yellow dwarf disease of rice. Mysore J.Agric. Sci. 10:259-270.19. Nadal, M.M., and V.R. Carangal. 1979. Performance of the main and ratoon crops of 13 advancedrice selections under dry seeded rainfed bunded conditions. Philipp. J. Crop Sci. 4(2/3):95-101.20. Reddy, T.G., M. Mahadevappa, and K.R. Kulkarni. 1979. Ratoon cropping of rainfed rice. Int. RiceRes. Newsl. 4(5):25-26.21. Samson, B.T. 1980. Rice ratooning: effect of varietal type and some cultural management practices.MS thesis, University of the Philippines at Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 116 p.22. Yang, S.J. 1940. The cultivation of regenerated rice and its future in Hunan and Szechuan [inChinese, English summary]. Nung Pao 5:46-52.
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RICERATOONING1988INTERNATIONAL RICE
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ContentsForewordWelcome 1OverviewRi
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Genetics and varietal improvementIn
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2 RICE RATOONINGthe main crop. Harv
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4 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Area, prod
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6 RICE RATOONINGTable 2. Rice varie
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8 RICE RATOONING1. Effect of spacin
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10 RICE RATOONINGHowever, no signif
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12 RICE RATOONINGrelating to seed v
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14 RICE RATOONING5. Cultivars that
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Economic perspectivesof rice ratoon
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ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES OF RICE RATOO
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32 RICE RATOONINGla) Developmental
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34 RICE RATOONINGCutting heightStub
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36 RICE RATOONINGEarly flooding enc
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38 RICE RATOONING2. Factors affecti
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40 RICE RATOONING27. Nair, N.R., an
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42 RICE RATOONING1. Changes in till
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44 RICE RATOONINGTable 2. Character
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46 RICE RATOONING9. International R
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48 RICE RATOONINGplot size is 6 row
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50 RICE RATOONINGimproved ratooning
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52 RICE RATOONINGTable 6. Simple co
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Utilization of rice ratooningby far
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RICE RATOONING IN RIO DE JANEIRO 57
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RICE RATOONING IN RIO DE JANEIRO 59
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Rice ratooningin the Dominican Repu
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RICE RATOONING IN THE DOMINICAN REP
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89111306514772Special points Refere
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72 RICE RATOONINGANDHRA PRADESHBasu
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74 RICE RATOONINGrice observed at t
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76 RICE RATOONINGTAMIL NADUBalasubr
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78 RICE RATOONING19. Reddy, T.G., M
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80 RICE RATOONING1. Rice-growing re
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82 RICE RATOONING2. High cutting he
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84 RICE RATOONINGTable 3. Yield tri
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Rice ratoon crop managementin the h
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RICE RATOON CROP MANAGEMENT IN KARN
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23123722821721922222421423122421722
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98 RICE RATOONING1. The Tungabhadra
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100 RICE RATOONINGthe results of po
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102 RICE RATOONINGTable 4. Effect o
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Ratoon rice researchin Karnataka, I
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RATOON RICE RESEARCH IN KARNATAKA 1
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RATOON RICE RESEARCH IN KARNATAKA 1
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112 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Area and
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114 RICE RATOONINGonly 7.5-49.7% of
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116 RICE RATOONINGTable 5. Relation
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Scope for rice ratoon croppingin th
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RATOON CROPPING IN NORTHEASTERN IND
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Scope for rice ratoon croppingin th
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RATOON CROPPING IN CENTRAL AND NORT
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RATOON CROPPING IN CENTRAL AND NORT
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Potential of rice ratooningin Madag
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RICE RATOONING IN MADAGASCAR 131a.
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RICE RATOONING IN MADAGASCAR 133Tab
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Potential for rice ratooningin east
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RICE RATOONING IN EASTERN INDIA 137
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Ratooning in Bangladesh:prospects a
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RATOONING IN BANGLADESH 145RATOON C
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RATOONING IN BANGLADESH 147Table 4.
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RATOONING IN BANGLADESH 149OTHER FA
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152 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Hybrid s
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154 RICE RATOONINGThe studies sugge
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156 RICE RATOONINGVARIETIES AND CUL
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158 RICE RATOONINGspikelet primordi
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160 RICE RATOONINGTable 5. Effect o
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Agronomic principles and practiceso
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AGRONOMIC PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES
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Rice ratooning: breeding,agronomic
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BREEDING, AGRONOMIC PRACTICES, AND
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Page 195 and 196: 188 RICE RATOONINGwas the most effe
Page 197 and 198: 190 RICE RATOONINGRESULTSMain crop
Page 199 and 200: 192 RICE RATOONINGRatoon tiller reg
Page 201 and 202: 194 RICE RATOONING9. Rister, M. E.,
Page 203 and 204: 196 RICE RATOONINGExcept for rice w
Page 205 and 206: 198 RICE RATOONINGInsect survivorsh
Page 207 and 208: 200 RICE RATOONING1. Stem borer occ
Page 209 and 210: 202 RICE RATOONING3. Population dyn
Page 211 and 212: 204 RICE RATOONING2, 3). Microvelia
Page 213 and 214: 206 RICE RATOONINGplant chemicals a
Page 215 and 216: 208 RICE RATOONING17. Krishnamurthy
Page 217 and 218: 210 RICE RATOONING1. Yellow dwarf c
Page 219 and 220: 212 RICE RATOONING3. The effect of
Page 221 and 222: 214 RICE RATOONINGAlthough the inte
Page 223 and 224: 216 RICE RATOONINGTable 6. Sheath b
Page 226 and 227: Yellow dwarf disease in ratoon rice
Page 228 and 229: YELLOW DWARF DISEASE IN RATOON RICE
Page 230 and 231: YELLOW DWARF DISEASE IN RATOON RICE
Page 232: YELLOW DWARF DISEASE IN RATOON RICE
Page 235 and 236: 228 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Estimate
Page 237 and 238: Main crop a Ratoon crop b53.956.155
Page 240 and 241: Disease and insect pestsand their c
Page 242 and 243: DISEASE AND INSECT PESTS IN RICE RA
Page 246 and 247: Inheritance of ratooning abilityin
Page 248 and 249: INHERITANCE OF RATOONING ABILITY IN
Page 250 and 251: INHERITANCE OF RATOONING ABILITY IN
Page 252: INHERITANCE OF RATOONING ABILITY IN
Page 255 and 256: 248 RICE RATOONINGShould the season
Page 257 and 258: 250 RICE RATOONINGYield and yield-c
Page 259 and 260: 252 RICE RATOONINGMain-crop photosy
Page 261 and 262: 254 RICE RATOONINGShort-termGiven t
Page 264 and 265: Commercial ratoon rice productionin
Page 266 and 267: COMMERCIAL RATOON RICE PRODUCTION I
Page 268 and 269: COMMERCIAL RATOON RICE PRODUCTION I
Page 270: COMMERCIAL RATOON RICE PRODUCTION I
Page 273 and 274: 0.180.200.490.250.160.270.390.350.3
Page 275 and 276: 268 RICE RATOONING1. Path analysis
Page 277 and 278: 270 RICE RATOONINGRecommendationsVa
Page 280 and 281: ParticipantsT. AhmedRice Experiment
Page 282 and 283: Varietal indexA200, 221Achra 108/1,
Page 284 and 285: VARIETAL INDEX 277IR2061-465-1, 12I
Page 286: VARIETAL INDEX 279RU7502006, 49, 51
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