RICE RATOONING - IRRI books - International Rice Research Institute

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RATOON CROPPING IN TAMIL NADU 113Table 3. Ratoon crop yields of rice in Tamil Nadu. 1967-85.Research Year Variety Maturity (d) Grain yield (t/ha)Per day productivityReferencecenterMC RC % of MC RC % of(kg/ha)MC MC MC RCAmbasa- 1967-68 IR8* 93 * * 3.9 * – 42.1mudram(9)Tirur 1975-76 IR8138 104 75.4 2.1 1.6 67.3 15.5 13.9 (10)IR20Ponni13513510410377.076.32.14.70.751.535.332.315.734.67.214.6(10)(10)Bhavani 135 87 64.4 7.0 2.4 33.9 52.2 27.5 (10)ADT 29 138 121 87.7 4.6 1.3 28.6 33.1 10.8 (10)ADT 31 108 67 62.4 2.1 1.6 77.1 19.6 24.4 (10)TKM 8138 121 87.7 3.3 1.2 35.1 24.0 9.7 (10)Coimbatore 1970 ADT 27 115 67 58.3 3.8 0.48 12.6 32.8 7.1 (1.2)Co 32135 77 57.1 4.7 1.2 31.5 34.7 19.2 (1,2)IR8135 82 60.7 4.4 1.3 29.5 32.9 16.0 (1,2)Jeeragasamba 140 81 57.9 3.1 1.3 41.7 21.9 15.8 (1,2)Coimbatore 1970 IR8137 69 50.36 3.0 3.5 115.3 22.2 50.7 (8)Aduthurai 1977 ADT 30 105 55 52.4 4.3 4.4 101.6 41.3 80.0 (11)ADT 31 110 55 52.4 7.9 2.8 35.0 71.8 25.2 (11)CR146-224 110 55 52.4 10.2 3.3 31.9 90.3 59.4 (11)RP1045-5-6-2 130 60 46.2 9.4 4.8 51.1 72.3 80.0 (11)RP1045-10-6-2-1 130 60 46.2 6.1 3.7 60.4 46.7 61.1 (11)IET2885 135 60 44.4 11.2 4.0 35.6 83.2 66.6 (11)GMRl3 130 60 46.2 7.7 4.5 58.2 59.5 75.0 (11)lR1529-680-3 130 60 46.2 6.4 3.4 49.5 52.8 56.7 (11)Aduthurai 1977 IR20130 60 46.2 5.5 2.7 49.7 42.3 45.6 (11)CR1001 135 60 44.4 7.6 3.5 49.7 56.1 58.9 (11)Ponni135 60 44.4 6.9 4.0 58.2 51.3 67.2 (11)AD 54-1 130 60 46.2 7.6 3.7 52.1 54.5 61.1 (11)AD 2774 135 60 44.4 5.2 3.3 62.4 38.8 54.5 (11)Ambasa- 1977 Bhavani 135 70 51.9 * 3.0 * * 42.6 (7)mudramPonni140 94 67.1 * 2.9 * * 30.3 (7)IR20135 85 63.0 * 1.8 * * 20.9 (7)Madurai 1979 Vaigai107 70 65.4 6.5 3.3 50.4 61.1 47.1 (6)Bhavani 133 74 55.6 7.1 4.9 68.4 53.3 65.6 (6)Madurai 1982 IR20130 75 58.0 5.6 0.70 12.3 43.4 9.3 (3)Bhavani 130 70 54.0 5.6 1.6 29.2 43.3 23.5 (3)Co 42135 65 48.0 4.8 1.2 25.1 35.7 18.6 (3)Madurai 1984 Bhavani 128 78 60.9 2.5 2.2 86.6 19.5 27.8 (4)Ponni138 88 63.8 1.6 0.43 22.2 11.4 4.9 (4)Puduvai Ponni 138 66 47.8 2.4 0.77 31.5 17.6 11.6 (4)IR20128 77 60.2 3.0 0.92 30.7 23.3 11.9 (4)ACM 8 120 88 48.3 0.85 0.68 80.0 87.1 11.7 (4)ACM 9 104 81 77.9 3.5 1.2 34.5 33.8 15.0 (4)ACM 10 104 81 77.9 2.9 1.6 54.3 27.7 19.3 (4)Co 43135 69 51.1 2.6 0.67 25.9 19.0 9.6 (4)Co 44120 81 67.5 2.0 0.92 46.6 16.4 11.3 (4)MDU 2 138 77 55.8 2.6 0.47 17.9 18.8 6.0 (4)Madurai 1985 Bhavani 130 71 54.6 7.0 4.0 58.0 53.6 56.9 (5)Ponni137 79 57.7 6.3 1.3 21.1 46.1 16.8 (5)IR20130 71 54.6 6.8 0.51 7.5 52.3 7.2 (5)MC = main crop, RC = ratoon crop, *l = not reported.Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Bhavani recorded the highestpercent ratoon yield, 86.6% of the main crop yield.Varieties RP 1045-5-6-2, GMR 13, ADT 30, and IET 2855 (4.8, 4.5, 4.4, and4.0 t/ha; 51.1, 58.2, 101.6, and 35.6% of the main crop yield) showed some potentialfor ratooning. IR20 was not promising in its tiller regeneration ability — it yielded
114 RICE RATOONINGonly 7.5-49.7% of the main crop yield in the 6 trials conducted in Tamil Nadu. IR8recorded the maximum of 115.3% of the main crop yield, accounting for 3.5 t/haagainst 3.0 t/ha of the main crop yield.Thus, considerable variability exists among the genotypes in tiller regenerationability, which can be further exploited through suitable breeding methods.FERTILIZER MANAGEMENTDifferent genotypes responded differently in their tiller regeneration ability in termsof grain yield to different levels of fertilizer N, P, and K (1-9). Nine varieties wereevaluated at 3 sites — Ambasamudram, Coimbatore, and Madurai - under variouslevels of N ranging from 40 to 150 kg/ha.The most responsive variety was Bhavani, which gave ratoon yields of 0.82-5.3 t/ha at various levels of N (50-125 kg/ha). The maximum ratoon crop grainyields of 5.3 and 5.0 t/ ha were recorded at 150 and 120 kg N/ha, applied in splitdoses, at Madurai center (Table 4).IR20 did not respond favorably to the N levels; it recorded only 0.19-2.0 t/haof ratoon crop yield at N levels ranging from 50 to 125 kg N/ha. Short-durationvariety Vaigai (110d) responded favorably to 120 and 150 kg N, with ratoon cropyields of 3.4 and 3.7 t/ha, respectively (51.9 and 57.0% of the main crop yield). Theratoon crops of varieties ADT 27, Jeeragasamba, Ponni, and Co 42 showed poorresponse to different levels of N.Apparently, the response of ratoon crop to different levels of N depends on thefertilizer dose. There was no consistency in the performance of different genotypes atthe same level(s) of N in different years and locations. Further critical analysis on thefertilizer requirements of the ratoon crop is needed with highly responsive genotypesin different agroclimatic regions of Tamil Nadu; various levels, times, and methodsof application of N, P, and K, should be tested.STUBBLE HEIGHTStubble heights are important in maintaining good ratoon growth, because enoughbuds are needed on stems or crown tissue to produce rapid-growing shoots or tillers.Eight varieties were evaluated at Ambasamudram, Coimbatore, and Madurai fortheir tiller regeneration ability at different stubble heights ranging from close toground level to 30 cm, at intervals of 5 and 10 cm (2, 4, 8, 9). Again, the variety mostresponsive to different stubble heights was Bhavani, and the next best was Vaigai(Table 5). Most varieties performed well at 20 cm stubble height. IR8, on thecontrary, yielded the maximum (2.9 t/ha) when cut close to the ground. IR20 andPonni gave low yields when cut at 15 cm.Tiller regeneration ability in relation to different stubble heights apparentlyvaries with the genotype. Further detailed studies are needed, especially under thevaried rice-growing conditions of Tamil Nadu.
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RICERATOONING1988INTERNATIONAL RICE
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ContentsForewordWelcome 1OverviewRi
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Genetics and varietal improvementIn
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2 RICE RATOONINGthe main crop. Harv
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4 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Area, prod
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6 RICE RATOONINGTable 2. Rice varie
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8 RICE RATOONING1. Effect of spacin
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10 RICE RATOONINGHowever, no signif
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12 RICE RATOONINGrelating to seed v
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14 RICE RATOONING5. Cultivars that
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Economic perspectivesof rice ratoon
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ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES OF RICE RATOO
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32 RICE RATOONINGla) Developmental
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34 RICE RATOONINGCutting heightStub
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36 RICE RATOONINGEarly flooding enc
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38 RICE RATOONING2. Factors affecti
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40 RICE RATOONING27. Nair, N.R., an
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42 RICE RATOONING1. Changes in till
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44 RICE RATOONINGTable 2. Character
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46 RICE RATOONING9. International R
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48 RICE RATOONINGplot size is 6 row
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50 RICE RATOONINGimproved ratooning
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52 RICE RATOONINGTable 6. Simple co
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Utilization of rice ratooningby far
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RICE RATOONING IN RIO DE JANEIRO 57
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RICE RATOONING IN RIO DE JANEIRO 59
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Rice ratooningin the Dominican Repu
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Page 77 and 78: 89111306514772Special points Refere
Page 79 and 80: 72 RICE RATOONINGANDHRA PRADESHBasu
Page 81 and 82: 74 RICE RATOONINGrice observed at t
Page 83 and 84: 76 RICE RATOONINGTAMIL NADUBalasubr
Page 85 and 86: 78 RICE RATOONING19. Reddy, T.G., M
Page 87 and 88: 80 RICE RATOONING1. Rice-growing re
Page 89 and 90: 82 RICE RATOONING2. High cutting he
Page 91 and 92: 84 RICE RATOONINGTable 3. Yield tri
Page 94 and 95: Rice ratoon crop managementin the h
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Page 105 and 106: 98 RICE RATOONING1. The Tungabhadra
Page 107 and 108: 100 RICE RATOONINGthe results of po
Page 109 and 110: 102 RICE RATOONINGTable 4. Effect o
Page 112 and 113: Ratoon rice researchin Karnataka, I
Page 114 and 115: RATOON RICE RESEARCH IN KARNATAKA 1
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Page 119: 112 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Area and
Page 123 and 124: 116 RICE RATOONINGTable 5. Relation
Page 126 and 127: Scope for rice ratoon croppingin th
Page 128 and 129: RATOON CROPPING IN NORTHEASTERN IND
Page 130 and 131: Scope for rice ratoon croppingin th
Page 132 and 133: RATOON CROPPING IN CENTRAL AND NORT
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Page 136 and 137: Potential of rice ratooningin Madag
Page 138 and 139: RICE RATOONING IN MADAGASCAR 131a.
Page 140 and 141: RICE RATOONING IN MADAGASCAR 133Tab
Page 142 and 143: Potential for rice ratooningin east
Page 144 and 145: RICE RATOONING IN EASTERN INDIA 137
Page 150 and 151: Ratooning in Bangladesh:prospects a
Page 152 and 153: RATOONING IN BANGLADESH 145RATOON C
Page 154 and 155: RATOONING IN BANGLADESH 147Table 4.
Page 156: RATOONING IN BANGLADESH 149OTHER FA
Page 159 and 160: 152 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Hybrid s
Page 161 and 162: 154 RICE RATOONINGThe studies sugge
Page 163 and 164: 156 RICE RATOONINGVARIETIES AND CUL
Page 165 and 166: 158 RICE RATOONINGspikelet primordi
Page 167 and 168: 160 RICE RATOONINGTable 5. Effect o
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Agronomic principles and practiceso
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AGRONOMIC PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES
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Rice ratooning: breeding,agronomic
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BREEDING, AGRONOMIC PRACTICES, AND
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188 RICE RATOONINGwas the most effe
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190 RICE RATOONINGRESULTSMain crop
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192 RICE RATOONINGRatoon tiller reg
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194 RICE RATOONING9. Rister, M. E.,
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196 RICE RATOONINGExcept for rice w
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198 RICE RATOONINGInsect survivorsh
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200 RICE RATOONING1. Stem borer occ
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202 RICE RATOONING3. Population dyn
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204 RICE RATOONING2, 3). Microvelia
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206 RICE RATOONINGplant chemicals a
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208 RICE RATOONING17. Krishnamurthy
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210 RICE RATOONING1. Yellow dwarf c
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212 RICE RATOONING3. The effect of
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214 RICE RATOONINGAlthough the inte
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216 RICE RATOONINGTable 6. Sheath b
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Yellow dwarf disease in ratoon rice
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YELLOW DWARF DISEASE IN RATOON RICE
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228 RICE RATOONINGTable 1. Estimate
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Main crop a Ratoon crop b53.956.155
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Disease and insect pestsand their c
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DISEASE AND INSECT PESTS IN RICE RA
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DISEASE AND INSECT PESTS IN RICE RA
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Inheritance of ratooning abilityin
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INHERITANCE OF RATOONING ABILITY IN
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248 RICE RATOONINGShould the season
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250 RICE RATOONINGYield and yield-c
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252 RICE RATOONINGMain-crop photosy
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254 RICE RATOONINGShort-termGiven t
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Commercial ratoon rice productionin
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COMMERCIAL RATOON RICE PRODUCTION I
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0.180.200.490.250.160.270.390.350.3
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268 RICE RATOONING1. Path analysis
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270 RICE RATOONINGRecommendationsVa
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ParticipantsT. AhmedRice Experiment
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Varietal indexA200, 221Achra 108/1,
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VARIETAL INDEX 277IR2061-465-1, 12I
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VARIETAL INDEX 279RU7502006, 49, 51
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