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278 Understanding Smart SensorsNetworkhardwareNetworkprotocolI/O porthardwareTransducersoftwareNetworkApplicationsoftwareTransducer(sensorsandactuators)Network protocollogical interfacespecificationTransducerlogical interfacespecificationTransducerhardwareinterfacespecification(e.g., IEEE 1451.2)Figure 12.4 Networked smart transducer model. (After: [2].)12.3.2 Network Communication ModelsThe IEEE 1451.1 standard provides two models for network communicationbetween objects. The point-to-point client/server model is tightly coupled forone-to-one communications. The publish-subscribe model is loosely coupledfor one-to-many and many-to-many communications. Network software suppliersare expected to provide code libraries that contain routines for the callsbetween the IEEE 1451.1 communication operations and the network [2].Figure 12.5 shows the client-server used in IEEE 1451.1 [2]. The modelis supported by two complementary application-level operations:• Execute on client-side client-port objects;• Perform on all network-visible server-side objects.The execute and perform operations work together to provide a remoteobject-operation-invocation-stylemessaging service [2].The publish-subscribe model in IEEE 1451.1 is shown in Figure 12.6 [2].The model provides a means for loosely coupled communications between
Standards for Smart Sensing 279ProcessProcessClientobjectClient portAttributes:Server objectOperation:opXserverDispatchAddressExecute(opX,…)Perform (…)NetworkFigure 12.5 Client/server communications components. (After: [2].)ProcessPublisherProcessSubscriberPublisher portAttributes:publication_keypublication_domainpublication_topicOperations:Publish ( )Subscriber portAttributes:subscription_keysubscription_domainsubscription_qualifierOperations:AddSubscriber ( )Callback ( )NetworkFigure 12.6 Publish-subscribe communications components. (After: [2].)objects where the sending, or publishing, object does not need to be awareof the receiving, or subscriber, objects. This model is supported by twooperations:
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Understanding Smart SensorsSecond E
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-P
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ContentsPrefacexix1 Smart Sensor Ba
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Contentsix3.3.3 Hall Effect 603.3.4
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Contentsxi5.8 Summary 116References
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Contentsxiii8.3.1 Surface Acoustica
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Contentsxv11.1.1 Integration and Me
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Contentsxvii14.4.4 Electrostatic Me
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PrefaceThe number one challenge fac
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Prefacexxifor well over 6 years. A
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2 Understanding Smart Sensorsobserv
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4 Understanding Smart Sensorssmart
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6 Understanding Smart Sensorsto pro
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8 Understanding Smart Sensorsinclud
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10 Understanding Smart SensorsLevel
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12 Understanding Smart Sensorsuser
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14 Understanding Smart Sensorstechn
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16 Understanding Smart Sensorschang
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18 Understanding Smart Sensorstechn
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20 Understanding Smart Sensors Surf
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22 Understanding Smart Sensorssecon
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24 Understanding Smart SensorsSilic
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26 Understanding Smart SensorsSilic
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28 Understanding Smart SensorsSacri
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30 Understanding Smart Sensors2.4.3
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32 Understanding Smart Sensorsmeasu
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34 Understanding Smart SensorsIon+S
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36 Understanding Smart Sensorssidew
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38 Understanding Smart SensorsTable
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40 Understanding Smart Sensorsoptim
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42 Understanding Smart SensorsAlumi
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44 Understanding Smart SensorsThe f
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46 Understanding Smart Sensors[21]
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The Nature of Semiconductor Sensor
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4Getting Sensor Information Into th
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Getting Sensor Information Into the
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5Using MCUs/DSPs to Increase Sensor
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Using MCUs/DSPs to Increase Sensor
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6Communications for Smart SensorsBe
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7Control TechniquesA machine is int
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Control Techniques 151Table 7.1Type
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Control Techniques 153otherwise tak
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Control Techniques 155consisting of
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Control Techniques 157Supplied byap
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Control Techniques 159InputX1Synaps
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Control Techniques 1617.6 Adaptive
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Control Techniques 163ObserverHB−
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Control Techniques 165linear-vector
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Control Techniques 1677.7.2 Combine
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Control Techniques 169Domain-type s
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Control Techniques 171[19] De Silva
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8Transceivers, Transponders, andTel
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Transceivers, Transponders, and Tel
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9MEMS Beyond Sensors“And these ot
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 203would not ex
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 205PyrexSilicon
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 207(a)IFluxIIMa
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 209InletThermop
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 211Figure 9.8 A
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 2139.3.2 Microo
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 215Over-range p
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 217+ 10°− 10
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 219achieved wit
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 221Methods for
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 223Figure 9.19
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MEMS Beyond Sensors 225[21] Tortone
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Page 251 and 252: Packaging, Testing, and Reliability
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Page 309 and 310: Standards for Smart Sensing 287Tabl
Page 311 and 312: Standards for Smart Sensing 289perf
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Page 315 and 316: Standards for Smart Sensing 293obje
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Page 319 and 320: 13The Implications of Smart SensorS
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Page 333 and 334: 14The Next Phase of Sensing Systems
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The Next Phase of Sensing Systems 3
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The Next Phase of Sensing Systems 3
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations3
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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Glossaryablationvaporization of mat
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Glossary 353buscalibrationconnectio
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Glossary 355end point straight line
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Glossary 357data transmission and p
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Glossary 359multiplexer device that
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Glossary 361repeatability the maxim
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Glossary 363spread spectrum techniq
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Glossary 365transducer a device con
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Selected BibliographyBooks and Jour
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Selected Bibliography 369Northeaste
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Selected Bibliography 371Miscellane
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About the AuthorRandy Frank is a te
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Index4-to 20-mA signal transmitter,
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Index 377definitions, 119-20introdu
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Index 379HVAC, 318-19MCU with integ
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Index 381Linearization, 108Linear p
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Index 383in chemical measurements,
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Index 385Ratiometricity, 56Reactive
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Index 387IC fabrication, 19micromec
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Index 389Transducer-independent int
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