TSC2101-Audio Codec w/ Integrated Headphone Speaker Amp ...

SLAS392C− JUNE 2003 − REVISED SEPTEMBER 2004www.ti.comMeasuring touch pressure (Z) can also be done with the TSC2101. To determine pen or finger touch, thepressure of the touch needs to be determined. Generally, it is not necessary to have very high performancefor this test; therefore, the 8-bit resolution mode is recommended (however, calculations are shown with the12-bit resolution mode). There are several different ways of performing this measurement. The TSC2101supports two methods. The first method requires knowing the X-plate resistance, measurement of theX-Position, and two additional cross panel measurements (Z 2 and Z 1 ) of the touch screen (see Figure 26).Using Equation (1) calculates the touch resistance:R R X–positionTOUCH X–plate Z 24096 Z 1–1(1)The second method requires knowing both the X-plate and Y-plate resistance, measurement of X-Position andY-Position, and Z 1 . Using Equation (2) also calculates the touch resistance:R TOUCHR X−plate X−position4096 4096Z 1 1 R Y−plate1 Y−position4096(2)X+Measure X-PositionY+Measure Z1-PositionX+Y+X+Y+TouchTouchTouchX-PositionX−Y−Z1-PositioniX− Y−Z2-PositionX−Y−Measure Z2-PositionFigure 26. Pressure MeasurementWhen the touch panel is pressed or touched, and the drivers to the panel are turned on, the voltage across thetouch panel often overshoots and then slowly settles (decays) down to a stable DC value. This is due tomechanical bouncing which is caused by vibration of the top layer sheet of the touch panel when the panel ispressed. This settling time must be accounted for, or else the converted value will be in error. Therefore, a delaymust be introduced between the time the driver for a particular measurement is turned on, and the timemeasurement is made.In some applications, external capacitors may be required across the touch screen for filtering noise picked upby the touch screen, i.e., noise generated by the LCD panel or back-light circuitry. The value of these capacitorsprovides a low-pass filter to reduce the noise, but causes an additional settling time requirement when the panelis touched.Several solutions to this problem are available in the TSC2101. A programmable delay time is available whichsets the delay between turning the drivers on and making a conversion. This is referred to as the panel voltagestabilization time, and is used in some of the modes available in the TSC2101. In other modes, the TSC2101can be commanded to turn on the drivers only without performing a conversion. Time can then be allowed beforethe command is issued to perform a conversion.The TSC2101 touch screen interface can measure position (X, Y) and pressure (Z). Determination of thesecoordinates is possible under three different modes of the ADC: (1) conversion controlled by the TSC2101,initiated by detection of a touch; (2) conversion controlled by the TSC2101, initiated by the host responding tothe PINTDAV signal; or (3) conversion completely controlled by the host processor.Touch Screen ADC ConverterThe analog inputs of the TSC2101 are shown in Figure 27. The analog inputs (X, Y, and Z touch panelcoordinates, battery voltage monitors, chip temperature and auxiliary input) are provided via a multiplexer tothe successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. The ADC architecture is basedon capacitive redistribution architecture, which inherently includes a sample/hold function.A unique configuration of low on-resistance switches allows an unselected ADC input channel to provide powerand an accompanying pin to provide ground for driving the touch panel. By maintaining a differential input tothe converter and a differential reference input architecture, it is possible to negate errors caused by the driverswitch on- resistances.34