Novel genetic and epigenetic alterations in ... - Ous-research.no
Novel genetic and epigenetic alterations in ... - Ous-research.no Novel genetic and epigenetic alterations in ... - Ous-research.no
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References43. Feinberg AP, Vogelstein B (1983) Hypomethylation distinguishes genes of somehuman cancers from their normal counterparts. Nature 301(5895): 89-9244. Knudson AG, Jr. (1971) Mutation and cancer: statistical study ofretinoblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 68(4): 820-82345. Greger V, Passarge E, Hopping W, Messmer E, Horsthemke B (1989) Epigeneticchanges may contribute to the formation and spontaneous regression ofretinoblastoma. Hum Genet 83(2): 155-15846. Sakai T, Toguchida J, Ohtani N, Yandell DW, Rapaport JM, Dryja TP (1991) Allelespecifichypermethylation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene. Am JHum Genet 48(5): 880-88847. Deng S, Calin GA, Croce CM, Coukos G, Zhang L (2008) Mechanisms ofmicroRNA deregulation in human cancer. Cell Cycle 7(17): 2643-264648. Guil S, Esteller M (2008) DNA methylomes, histone codes and miRNAs: Tyingit all together. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 41(1): 87-9549. Clark SJ (2007) Action at a distance: epigenetic silencing of large chromosomalregions in carcinogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 16 Spec No 1 R88-R9550. Frigola J, Song J, Stirzaker C, Hinshelwood RA, Peinado MA, Clark SJ (2006)Epigenetic remodeling in colorectal cancer results in coordinate genesuppression across an entire chromosome band. Nat Genet 38(5): 540-54951. Novak P, Jensen T, Oshiro MM, Wozniak RJ, Nouzova M, Watts GS, Klimecki WT,Kim C, Futscher BW (2006) Epigenetic inactivation of the HOXA gene clusterin breast cancer. Cancer Res 66(22): 10664-1067052. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P (2005) Global cancer statistics, 2002. CACancer J Clin 55(2): 74-10853. Weitz J, Koch M, Debus J, Hohler T, Galle PR, Buchler MW (2005) Colorectalcancer. Lancet 365(9454): 153-16554. Ahmed FE (2004) Effect of diet, life style, and otherenvironmental/chemopreventive factors on colorectal cancer development,and assessment of the risks. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog EcotoxicolRev 22(2): 91-14755. Bodmer WF (2006) Cancer genetics: colorectal cancer as a model. J Hum Genet51(5): 391-39656. Lichtenstein P, Holm NV, Verkasalo PK, Iliadou A, Kaprio J, Koskenvuo M,Pukkala E, Skytthe A, Hemminki K (2000) Environmental and heritable factorsin the causation of cancer--analyses of cohorts of twins from Sweden,Denmark, and Finland. N Engl J Med 343(2): 78-8571
- Page 20 and 21: IntroductionFigure 5. DNA methylati
- Page 22 and 23: IntroductionFigure 6. Incidence rat
- Page 24 and 25: IntroductionFigure 8. Tumor staging
- Page 26 and 27: Introductioninasmuch as 80% of colo
- Page 28 and 29: IntroductionInstabilities involved
- Page 30 and 31: Introductionthere seems to be a fid
- Page 32 and 33: Introductionsevere alterations are
- Page 34 and 35: Introductionpopulation-wide screeni
- Page 36 and 37: IntroductionFigure 12. Present and
- Page 38 and 39: RESULTS IN BRIEFPaper Ia. “DNA hy
- Page 40 and 41: Results in Briefinstability, and se
- Page 42 and 43: Results in BriefUnivariate survival
- Page 44 and 45: Discussionseveral factors, and full
- Page 46 and 47: Discussionlow threshold, we increas
- Page 48 and 49: DiscussionIt may seem like unnecess
- Page 50 and 51: Discussionthan 96% DHPLC do not sta
- Page 52 and 53: DiscussionFigure 13. Mutation detec
- Page 54 and 55: DiscussionClinical impact of molecu
- Page 56 and 57: Discussionmarkers with a very high
- Page 58 and 59: Discussionchromosomes in metaphase[
- Page 60 and 61: DiscussionThese examples underline
- Page 62 and 63: Discussiongenes. One is based on mu
- Page 64 and 65: CONCLUSIONSWe have identified novel
- Page 66 and 67: Future PerspectivesMolecular risk a
- Page 68 and 69: REFERENCES1. Breasted J (1930) The
- Page 72 and 73: References57. Al-Sukhni W, Aronson
- Page 74 and 75: References84. Kunkel TA (1993) Nucl
- Page 76 and 77: ReferencesLeggett B, Levine J, Kim
- Page 78 and 79: References133. Lind GE, Thorstensen
- Page 80 and 81: References156. Meling GI, Lothe RA,
- Page 82 and 83: ReferencesT, Song X, Day RH, Sledzi
- Page 84 and 85: References196. Honda S, Haruta M, S
- Page 86 and 87: ORIGINAL ARTICLESAPPENDIXAppendix I
- Page 89 and 90: GASTROENTEROLOGY 2007;132:1631-1639
- Page 91: Paper IbGuro E Lind, Terje Ahlquist
- Page 94 and 95: Journal of Translational Medicine 2
- Page 96 and 97: Journal of Translational Medicine 2
- Page 98 and 99: Journal of Translational Medicine 2
- Page 100 and 101: Journal of Translational Medicine 2
- Page 102 and 103: Journal of Translational Medicine 2
- Page 105: Paper IITerje Ahlquist, Guro E Lind
- Page 108 and 109: BackgroundMost cases of colorectal
- Page 110 and 111: ADAMTS1 CDKN2A CRABP1 HOXA9 MAL MGM
- Page 112 and 113: pseudogene, leading to a high rate
- Page 114 and 115: strands. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1
- Page 116 and 117: concomitant absence of transcript a
- Page 119 and 120: Volume 10 Number 7 July 2008 pp. 68
References43. Fe<strong>in</strong>berg AP, Vogelste<strong>in</strong> B (1983) Hypomethylation dist<strong>in</strong>guishes genes of somehuman cancers from their <strong>no</strong>rmal counterparts. Nature 301(5895): 89-9244. Knudson AG, Jr. (1971) Mutation <strong>and</strong> cancer: statistical study ofret<strong>in</strong>oblastoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 68(4): 820-82345. Greger V, Passarge E, Hopp<strong>in</strong>g W, Messmer E, Horsthemke B (1989) Epi<strong>genetic</strong>changes may contribute to the formation <strong>and</strong> spontaneous regression ofret<strong>in</strong>oblastoma. Hum Genet 83(2): 155-15846. Sakai T, Toguchida J, Ohtani N, Y<strong>and</strong>ell DW, Rapaport JM, Dryja TP (1991) Allelespecifichypermethylation of the ret<strong>in</strong>oblastoma tumor-suppressor gene. Am JHum Genet 48(5): 880-88847. Deng S, Cal<strong>in</strong> GA, Croce CM, Coukos G, Zhang L (2008) Mechanisms ofmicroRNA deregulation <strong>in</strong> human cancer. Cell Cycle 7(17): 2643-264648. Guil S, Esteller M (2008) DNA methylomes, histone codes <strong>and</strong> miRNAs: Ty<strong>in</strong>git all together. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 41(1): 87-9549. Clark SJ (2007) Action at a distance: epi<strong>genetic</strong> silenc<strong>in</strong>g of large chromosomalregions <strong>in</strong> carc<strong>in</strong>ogenesis. Hum Mol Genet 16 Spec No 1 R88-R9550. Frigola J, Song J, Stirzaker C, H<strong>in</strong>shelwood RA, Pe<strong>in</strong>ado MA, Clark SJ (2006)Epi<strong>genetic</strong> remodel<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> colorectal cancer results <strong>in</strong> coord<strong>in</strong>ate genesuppression across an entire chromosome b<strong>and</strong>. Nat Genet 38(5): 540-54951. Novak P, Jensen T, Oshiro MM, Wozniak RJ, Nouzova M, Watts GS, Klimecki WT,Kim C, Futscher BW (2006) Epi<strong>genetic</strong> <strong>in</strong>activation of the HOXA gene cluster<strong>in</strong> breast cancer. Cancer Res 66(22): 10664-1067052. Park<strong>in</strong> DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P (2005) Global cancer statistics, 2002. CACancer J Cl<strong>in</strong> 55(2): 74-10853. Weitz J, Koch M, Debus J, Hohler T, Galle PR, Buchler MW (2005) Colorectalcancer. Lancet 365(9454): 153-16554. Ahmed FE (2004) Effect of diet, life style, <strong>and</strong> otherenvironmental/chemopreventive factors on colorectal cancer development,<strong>and</strong> assessment of the risks. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carc<strong>in</strong>og EcotoxicolRev 22(2): 91-14755. Bodmer WF (2006) Cancer <strong>genetic</strong>s: colorectal cancer as a model. J Hum Genet51(5): 391-39656. Lichtenste<strong>in</strong> P, Holm NV, Verkasalo PK, Iliadou A, Kaprio J, Koskenvuo M,Pukkala E, Skytthe A, Hemm<strong>in</strong>ki K (2000) Environmental <strong>and</strong> heritable factors<strong>in</strong> the causation of cancer--analyses of cohorts of tw<strong>in</strong>s from Sweden,Denmark, <strong>and</strong> F<strong>in</strong>l<strong>and</strong>. N Engl J Med 343(2): 78-8571