North Dakota Vegetation Bibliography - Northern Prairie Wildlife ...

North Dakota Vegetation Bibliography
Abouguendia, Z.M. 1973. Net primary production and turnover in a
mixed grass prairie. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Abouguendia, Z.M., and W.C. Whitman. 1979. Disappearance of dead
plant material in a mixed grass prairie. Oecologia 42:23-29.
Aipperspach, L.B. 1980. Ecology, phytosociology, and browse
characteristics of chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.) in the
North Dakota Badlands. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Aldous, A.E., and H.L. Shantz. 1924. Types of vegetation in the
semiarid portion of the United States and their economic
significance. J. Agri. Res. 28:99-128.
Allen, J.A. 1874. Notes on the natural history of portions of
Dakota and Montana. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Proc. 17:1-6.
Allred, B.W. 1941. The significance of grassland ecology to the
northern Great Plains. Northern Great Plains grassland
conference, Mandan, ND. Soil Conservation Service, USDA.
Unpubl.
Anderson, D.W. 1966. A study of the productivity and plankton of
Devil's Lake, North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Anderson, M.G. 1978. Distribution and production of sago pondweed
(Potamogeton pectinatus L.) on a northern prairie marsh. Ecol.
59:154-160.
Anonymous. 1860-1900. U.S. Public Land Survey in North Dakota. N.D.
Water Commission. Bismarck. Unpubl.
Armstrong, R., D.W. Anderson and E. Callender. 1966. Primary
productivity measurements at Devil's Lake, North Dakota. N.D.
Acad. Sci. Proc. 20:136-149.
Bailey, R.G. 1980. Description of the ecoregions of the United
States. Forest Service, USDA. Misc. Publ. No. 1391.
Intermountain Region. Ogden, Utah. 77 p.
Bailey, V. 1926. A biological survey of North Dakota. I.
Physiography and life zones. Bur. of Biol. Survey, USDA. North
American Fauna Rep. No. 49. Washington, D.C.
Bares, R.H. 1978. Ponderosa pine in southwestern North Dakota:
history and ecology. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 32:3 (Abstr.)
Bares, R.H., and K.T. Killingbeck. 1974. Vegetation and soils of
plant communities bordering Lake Ashtabula, North Dakota. UND,
Grand Forks. Unpubl.
Barker, W.T. 1971. Vascular plants new to North Dakota. Rhodora
73:58-59.

Barker, W.T. 1973. Summary of range fertilization trials in the
sandhills of southeastern North Dakota. Mimeo Rep. N.D. Agri.
Exp. Sta., Fargo. 6 p.
Barker, W.T., and G.W. Fulton. 1979. Analysis of wetland vegetation
on selected areas in southwestern North Dakota. N.D. Regional
Environmental Assessment Program. Rep. No. 79-15. NDSU, Fargo.
132 p.
Barker, W.T., and G.W. Fulton. 1982. Classification of wetland
vegetation in North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 36:36
(Abstr.)
Barker, W.T., H. Goetz, and D.0. Erickson. 1974. Composition and
vegetation response to management treatments in the Sheyenne
Grasslands. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 28:2 (Abstr.)
Barker, W.T., and H. Goetz. 1977. Vegetation and soils of the
Sheyenne River Basin. Unpubl. 70 p.
Barker, W.T., H. Goetz, T. Nelson, D. Grothe, K. Kjar, and M.
Girard. 1982. Habitat classification - 1981 summary. Interim
project report to U.S. Forest Service. Rocky Mt. Expt. Sta.
Rapid City, S.D. Unpubl.
Barker, W.T., and G.E. Larson. 1976. Aquatic plant communities. p.
2.2Cl-2.2C96. In: Wildlife, biological and vegetation
resources of the Dunn County coal gasification project study
area. Bot. and Zoo. Depts., NDSU, Fargo.
Barker, W.T., G. Larson, and R. Williams. 1978. Rare and unique
plants of North Dakota. p. 99-111. In: Public Service
Commission. Inventory of exclusion and avoidance areas for the
siting of energy conversion and transmission facilities.
Bismarck.
Barker, W.T., and W.C. Nelson. 1974. Lower Sheyenne River basin
water, land, people. N.D. Res. Rep. No. 55. NDSU, Fargo. 106
p.
Barker, W.T., W.C. Whitman, G. Larson, S.J. Rothenberger, and D.S.
Galitz. 1978. Baseline data for selected grassland and
woodland communities near Stanton, North Dakota. Doc. 3A. In:
The implications of coal development on the atmospheric
environment and plant ecosystems of selected sites in western
North Dakota. Rep. to Surface Envir. and Mining. U.S. Forest
Service, USDA.
Beckes, M.R., B.K. Jagler, T.L. Burge, and T.G. Love. 1982.
Possible cultural origin of an isolated stand of Pinus
flexilis in the Little Missouri Badlands. J. N.D. Archaeol.
Assoc. l.
Bell, W.B. 1906a. Native plants of Williams County: A preliminary
report of the Biological Division of the soil survey of
Williams County, N.D. p. 126-132. In: 3rd Bien. Rep. of the

Agri. Coll. Surv.
Bell, W.B. 1906b. Report on the plant survey of the Morton area in
Morton County, North Dakota. In: 10th Bien. Rep. of the Agri.
Coll. and Exp. Sta. Bismarck. p. 119-145.
Bell, W.B. 1908. Plants of the Williston Area. p. 53-75. In: 18th
Ann. Rep. of the N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta.
Bell, W.B. 1910. Report on the plant survey of the Morton area in
Morton County, North Dakota. In: 5th Bien. Rep. of the Agri.
Coll. Surv. Bismarck. p.34-60.
Bergman, H.F. 1912. A report on the plant surveys of Barnes County,
North Dakota. p. 121-150. In: N.D. Soil and Geological Survey
6th Bien. Rep., Bismarck.
Bergman, H.F. 1917. Flora of North Dakota. p. 151-372. In: Soil and
geological survey of North Dakota, 6th Bien. Rep. N.D. Soil
and Geol. Survey. Bismarck. (Published separately.)
Bexell, S.D., and D.R. Scoby. 1974. Sheyenne Basin study - an
ecological approach to land use planning. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 28:2 (Abstr.)
Bird, R.D. 1961. Ecology of aspen parkland of western Canada.
Canada Dept. Agri., Research Branch. Publ. 1066. Ottawa,
Ontario. 155 p.
Bjugstad, A.J. 1965. Vegetation measurements in relation to range
condition classification on the principal range sites of
southwestern North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Bjugstad, A.J., and W.C. Whitman. 1970. Significance of reduced
plant vigor in relation to range condition. J. Range Manage.
23:181184.
Black, W.H., A.L. Baker, V.I. Clark, and O.R. Matthews. 1937.
Effects of different methods of grazing on native vegetation
and gains of steers in northern Great Plains. USDA Tech. Bull.
547. 18 p.
Blanchet, K., A. Quesada, L. Erickson, B. Hendricks, P. Nalluswami,
and E. Taylor. 1973. An abstract bibliography on shortgrass
and mixed-grass prairie ecosystems. US-IBP Grassland Biome
Tech. Rep. No. 236. Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins. 415 p.
Bluemle, J.P. 1977. The face of North Dakota: the geologic story.
N.D. Geol. Survey, Edu. Ser. No. 11. Grand Forks. 73 p.
Bolley, H.L. 1909. Botanical investigations in North Dakota. p.
185-193. In: The History of the Red River Valley. Vol. I.
Harold Printing Co., Grand Forks.
Bolley, H.L., and L.R. Waldron. 1900. A preliminary list of
spermatophyta, seed-bearing plants of North Dakota. N.D. Agri.
Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 46:591-681.

Bolt, D.A. 1981. Factors influencing soil respiration on native
mixed-grass prairies and reclaimed mine sites. M.S. Thesis.
UND, Grand Forks.
Borchert, J.R. 1950. The climate of the central North American
grassland. Ann. Ass. Amer. Geogr. 40:1-39.
Brand, M.D. 1980. Secondary succession in the mixed grass prairie
of southwestern North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Brand, M.D., and H. Goetz. 1978. Secondary succession of a mixed
grass community in southwestern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 32:67-78.
Bray, J.0., A. Cole and R.J. Hammond. 1968. The North Dakota
wetlands problem. Stanford Res. Inst. for N.D. Water
Commission. 60 p.
Britton, N.L. and A. Brown. 1970. An Illustrated Flora of the
Northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions.
Reprinted by Dover Pub., Inc., New York, N.Y. 3 vol. (First
published in 1913.)
Brooks, R.E. 1976. A bibliography of taxonomic literature of the
Great Plains flora. State Biol. Surv. Kansas. Rep. No. 2,
Lawrence. 74 p.
Brooks, R.E. 1978. Plains flora: 20, Lawrence.
Bibliography of taxonomic literature of the Great Supplement
1. State Biol. Surv. Kansas. Rep. No. 7 p.
Brooks, R.E. 1980. Bibliography of taxonomic literature of the
Great Plains flora: Supplement 2. State Biol. Surv. Kansas.
Rep. No.
Brooks, R.E. 1982. Bibliography of taxonomic literature of the
Great Plains flora: Supplement 3. State Biol. Surv. Kansas.
Rep. No. 25. Lawrence. 12 p.
Brophy, L. 1980. Viable seed populations in soils of revegetated
North Dakota coal strip mines. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 34:22
(Abstr.)
Brown, R.W. 1971. Distribution of plant communities in southeastern
Montana Badlands. Amer. Midl. Nat. 85:458-477.
Burgess, R.L. 1964. Ninety years of vegetational change in a
township in southeastern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
18:84-94.
Burgess, R.L. 1965. A study of plant succession in the sandhills of
southeastern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 19:62-80.
Burgess, R.L. 1968. Woody plants of the Gunlogson Arboretum,
Icelandic State Park, North Dakota. N.D. Inst. for Regional
Studies, NDSU, Fargo. 64 p.

Burgess, R.L., and D.T. Disrud. 1968. Wetland vegetation of the
Turtle Mountains, North Dakota. I. Analysis of the flora. N.D.
Acad. Sci. 22:17 (Abstr.)
Burgess, R.L. and D.T. Disrud. 1969. Wetland vegetation of the
Turtle Mountains, North Dakota. Prairie Nat. 1:19-30.
Burgess, R.L., W.C. Johnson and W.R. Keammerer. 1973. Vegetation of
the Missouri River floodplain in North Dakota. N.D. Water
Resource Res. Inst., NDSU, Fargo. 162 p.
Burroughs, R.D., ed. 1961. The Natural History of the Lewis and
Clark Expedition. Michigan State University Press. Lansing.
Butler, J.L. 1983. Grazing and topographic influences on selected
green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) communities in the North
Dakota Badlands. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Butler, J.L., and H. Goetz. 1982. Livestock - wildlife influence on
the cover, density and age structure of green ash (Fraxinus
pennsylvanica) in the North Dakota Badlands. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 36:79 (Abstr.)
Carder, A.C. 1970. Climate and the rangelands of Canada. J. Range
Manage. 23:263-267.
Carpenter, J.R. 1940. The grassland biome. Ecol. Monogr.
10:617-684.
Chickering, J.W. 1878. Catalogue of phaenerogamous and vascular
cryptogamous plants collected during the summers of 1873-4 in
Dakota and Montana along the 49th parallel by Elliot Coues and
George M. Dawson. Bull. U.S. Geol. and Geogr. Surv. Terr.
4:801-830.
Clambey, G.K. 1969. Ecological studies in Ryan-Anderson Woods; a
preliminary report. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Clambey, G.K. 1976. A partial review of plant ecological research
in North Dakota and Minnesota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 30:7
(Abstr.)
Clambey, G.K. 1979. A literature review pertaining to hardwood
draws in the northern Great Plains and their possible
reclamation after strip-mining. Rep. for Consolidation Coal
Co., Stanton, N.D. Unpubl. 23 p.
Clements, F.E. 1920. Plant indicators: The relation of plant
communities to process and practice. Carnegie Inst. of
Washington. Publ. No. 290. 388 p.
Clements, F.E., and V.E. Shelford. 1939. Bioecology. John Wiley and
Sons. New York, N.Y.
Cochrane, T.S. 1977. Selected guide to taxonomic literature of the
Upper Midwest. Plant Taxonomy J. Rev. 15 p.

Comita, G.W., W.C. Whitman. 1976. Aquatic ecology. p. 2.2D-1 -
2.2D-267. In: Wildlife, biological, and vegetation resources
of the Dunn County coal gasification project study area. Bot.
and Zoo. Depts. NDSU, Fargo.
Conway, C.M., and L.E. Shubert. 1977. Algae, nutrients, and the
Devils Lake ecosystem. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 31:2. (Abstr.)
Cordes, L.D. 1965a. An ecological study of isolated Populus
tremuloides stands. M.S. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Cordes, L.D. 1965b. An ecological study of aspen communities in the
Red River Valley. N.D. Ac. Sci., Proc. 19:198-199 (Abstr.)
Cosby, H.E. 1960. Rings on the range. J. Range Manage. 13:283-288.
Cosby, H.E. 1964a. Silver sagebrush in eastern North Dakota. J.
Range Manage. 17:212-213.
Cosby, H.E. 1964b. Some yield characteristics of range as
influenced by soil type and weather. J. Range Manage.
17:266-269.
Cosby, H.E. 1965. Fescue grassland in North Dakota. J. Range
Manage. 18:284-285.
Coupland, R.T. 1950. Ecology of mixed prairie in Canada. Ecol.
Monogr. 20:271-315.
Coupland, R.T. 1958. The effects of fluctuation in weather upon the
grasslands of the Great Plains. Bot. Rev. 24:273-317.
Coupland, R.T. 1959. Effects of changes in weather conditions upon
grasslands in the northern Great Plains. p. 291-306. In: H.B.
Sprague, ed. Grasslands. Amer. Ass. Advance. Sci. Publ. No.
53. Washington, D.C.
Coupland, R.T. 1961. A reconsideration of grassland classification
in the northern Great Plains of North America. J. Ecol.
49:135-167.
Coupland, R.T. 1974. Fluctuations in North American grassland
vegetation. In: R. Knapp, ed. Handbook of Vegetation Science:
Vegetation Dynamics. The Hague.
Coupland, R.T. and T.C. Bradshaw. 1953. The fescue grassland in
Saskatchewan. Ecol. 34:386-405.
Coupland, R.T. and G.M. Van Dyne, eds. 1970. Grassland ecosystems:
review of research. Proc. Sept. 1969 Meeting PT Grasslands
Working Group, IBP. Range Sci. Dept. Sci. Ser. No. 7. Colorado
State Univ., Fort Collins. 208 p.
Cowardin, L.M. 1978. Wetland classification in the United States.
J. Forestry 76:666-668.

Cowardin, L.M. 1982. Wetlands and deepwater habitats: a new
classification. J. Soil and Water Conserv. 37:83-85.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet and E.T. LaRoe. 1979.
Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the
United States. Fish and Wildlife Service, USDI. Off. Biol.
Services. Washington, D.C. 103 p.
Cowardin, L.M., D.S. Gilmer, and L.M. Mechlin. 1981.
Characteristics of central North Dakota wetlands determined
from sample aerial photographs and ground study. Wildlife Soc.
Bull. 9:280-288.
Cowardin, L.M., and V.I. Myers. 1974. Remote sensing for
identification and classification of wetland vegetation. J.
Wildlife Manage. 38:308-314.
Crompton, E.J., K.T. Killingbeck, and R.H. Bares. 1977. Tree and
shrub stratum composition on the Kilideer Mountains. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 31:3 (Abstr.)
Crowston, W.A. 1973. Fertilizer and clipping effects on ecotypes of
western wheatgrass and blue grama. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Crowston, A., H. Goetz and L. Martin. 1973. Natural grassland
resources in the Little Missouri grasslands study area. Part
I. Little Missouri grasslands study - final report. Dept. of
Planning, NDSU, Fargo. 244 p.
Crowston, W.A., and H. Goetz. 1976. Fertilizer and clipping effects
on ecotypes of western wheatgrass and blue grama. N.D. Agri.
Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 502:1-70.
Cushwa, C.T. 1968. Fire: a summary of literature in the United
States from the mid-1920's to 1966. Forest Service, USDA. SE
Forest Exp. Sta., Asheville, North Carolina. 117 p.
Dahl, B.E. 1963. Soil moisture as a predictive index to forage
yield for the sandhills range type. J. Range Manage.
16:128-132.
Dewald, G.W. 1972. Cytogenetic and ecological analyses of native
populations of Andropogon scoparius Michx. and A. gerardi
Vitman. Ph.D. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Disrud, D.T. 1968. Wetland vegetation of the Turtle Mountains of
North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Disrud, D.T. 1972. Virgin deciduous forest in North Dakota. Amer.
Philosophical Soc. Yrbk. of 1971. p. 311-313.
Disrud, D.T. 1974. Two mosses new to North Dakota. The Bryologist
77:84.
Disrud, D.T., and T.D. Trana. 1974. Some lichens of bog and paper
birch from North Dakota. Prairie Nat. 5:29-30.

Disrud, D.T., and R.H. Warner. 1983. Inventory of a rare wetland,
Karlsruhe Bog: first step toward preservation. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 37:48 (Abstr.)
Dix, R.L. 1956. The trees and shrubs of the Little Missouri
Badlands. For Theodore Roosevelt Nature and History Ass.,
Medora, N.D. Unpubl.
Dix, R.L. 1958. Some slope-plant relationships in the grasslands of
the Little Missouri Badlands of North Dakota. J. Range Manage.
11:88-92.
Dix, R.L. 1960a. The effects of burning on the mulch structure and
species composition of grasslands in western North Dakota.
Ecol. 41:49-56.
Dix, R.L. 1960b. An application of the point-centered quarter
method to sampling of grassland vegetation. J. Range Manage.
14:63-69.
Dix, R. L. 1964. A history of biotic and climatic changes within
the North American grassland. p. 71-89. In: D.J. Crisp, ed.
Grazing in Marine and Terrestrial Environments. Blackwell Sci.
Publ., Oxford.
Dix, R.L. and R.G. Beidleman, eds. 1969. The Grassland Ecosystem:
A Preliminary Synthesis. Range Sci. Dept. Sci. Ser. No. 2.
Colorado State University, Fort Collins. 437 p.
Dix, R.L. and F.E. Smeins. 1967. The prairie, meadow, and marsh
vegetation of Nelson County, North Dakota. Can. J. Bot.
45:21-58.
Dodd, J.D. and R.T. Coupland. 1966. Vegetation of saline areas in
Saskatchewan. Ecol. 47:958-968.
Dodd, J.L. 1970. Distribution and community and site relations of
bluebunch wheatgrass in North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU,
Fargo.
Dodds, D.L. 1966. Phytosociological study of the vegetation of
Hawk's Nest Butte. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Downing, J.A. 1975. Hydrophytes, plankton, and water chemistry
related to recreational development at Lake Metigoshe, North
Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Duffey, J.E. 1890. Forestry in Dakota. Nebraska State Hort. Soc.
Ann. Rep. 1890:277-279.
Dyksterhuis, E.J. 1958. Ecological principles in range evaluation.
Bot. Rev. 24:253-272.
Dyksterhuis, E.J. 1964. Estimated total-annual yields in climax by
sites. Soil Conservation Service, USDA. Lincoln, NE. Unpubl.
Dziadyk, B., and G.K. Clambey. 1979. Primary production of plant

communities within a western Minnesota tall grass prairie.
N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 33:62 (Abstr.)
Dziadyk, B., and G.K. Clambey. 1980. Vegetation studies in the
prairie - forest transition region. IV. Effects of burning on
net production of a western Minnesota tall grass prairie. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 34:21 (Abstr.)
Eisenlohr, W.S., Jr. 1966a. Water loss from a natural pond through
transpiration by hydrophytes. Water Resources Res. 2:443-453.
Eisenlohr, W.S., Jr. 1966b. Determining the water balance of a lake
containing vegetation. p. 91-99. In: Symposium of Garda
Hydrology of Lakes and Reservoirs, Vol. 1. Internatl. Ass.
Sci. Hydrology Pub. No. 70.
Eisenlohr, W.S., Jr. 1969. Relation of water loss to moisture
content of hydrophytes in a natural pond. Water Resources Res.
5:527-530.
Eisenlohr, W.S., Jr. 1975. Hydrology of marshy ponds on the Coteau
du Missouri. p. 305-311. In: Hydrology of Marsh-ridden Areas:
Proceedings of the Minsk Symposium, June 1972. The UNESC0
Press and IAHS. Paris.
Eisenlohr, W.S. Jr. and C.E. Sloan. 1968. Generalized hydrology of
prairie potholes on the Coteau du Missouri, North Dakota. U.S.
Geol. Surv. Circ. 558. 12 p.
Eisenlohr, W.S. Jr. et al. 1972. Hydrologic investigations of
prairie potholes in North Dakota. 1959-68. U.S. Geol. Surv.
Prof. Paper 585-A. 102 p.
Ellison, L. 1960. The influence of grazing on plant succession of
rangelands. Bot. Rev. 26:1-78.
Erickson, D.O., W.T. Barker, C.N. Haugse, and M.L. Buchanan. 1974.
Chemical composition of composite and selected range grasses.
N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 28:7 (Abstr.)
Erickson, D.O., W.T. Barker, and C.N. Haugse. 1976. The nutritional
effects of range fertilization. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 30:11.
(Abstr.)
Erickson, D.O., and W.T. Barker. 1981. Nutritional composition of
common shrubs in North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 35:4
(Abstr.)
Eulert, G.K. 1977. Simulated biomass dynamics of two mixed prairie
grasses. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Eyre, F.H., ed. 1980. Forest Cover Types of the United States and
Canada. Soc. of Amer. Foresters, Washington, D.C. 148 p.
Faanes, C.A., and J.M. Andrew. 1982. Breeding bird populations of
several wooded habitats in northeastern North Dakota. Amer.
Birds 36:82-84.

Facey, V. 1957. Distribution of phytoclimate indicators on
contrasting slopes of the Forest River, North Dakota. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 11:69. (Abstr.)
Facey, V. 1960a. Vascular plants of the University Biology Area.
UND, Grand Forks. 39 p. Unpubl.
Facey, V. 1960b. Vascular plants: native lowland prairie (Oakville
Praire). UND, Grand Forks. 11 p. Unpubl.
Fernald, M.L. 1970. Gray's Manual of Botany. 8th ed. D. Van
Nostrand Co., New York, N.Y. 1632 p.
Flesland, J.R. 1964. Composition and structure of the salt-desert
shrub type in the Badlands of western North Dakota. M.S.
Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Flesland, J.R. and W.C. Whitman. 1964. A vegetational analysis of
the salt-desert shrub type in western North Dakota. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 18:73-75.
Fulton, G.W. 1979. Analysis of wetland vegetation on selected areas
in southwestern North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Fulton, G.W., and W.T. Barker. 1981. Above-ground biomass of
selected wetlands on the Missouri Couteau. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 35:6 (Abstr.)
Fulton, G.W., R.J. Bigler, W.T. Barker, and J.L. Richardson. 1979.
Soil and plant relationships of selected wetlands on the
Missouri Coteau. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 33 (Abstr.)
Galitz, D.S. 1974. Metabolic aspects of plant competition. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 28:8. (Abstr.)
Gantt, L.K. 1980. The presettlement vegetation of Richland County,
North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Garrison, G.A., A.J. Bjugstad, D.A. Duncan, M.E. Lewis, and D.R.
Smith. 1977. Vegetation and environmental features of forest
and range ecosystems. Forest Service, USDA. Agri. Handbook No.
475. Washington, D.C. 68 p.
Geyer, C.A. 1845-1846. Notes on the vegetation and general
characteristics of the Missouri and Oregon Territories, during
the years 1843 and 1844. London J. Bot. 4:479-662 and
5:22-524.
Girard, M. 1983. Woodland vegetation of southwestern North Dakota.
p. 33. In: Workshop on management of public lands in the
northern Great Plains. The Wildlife Soc. and N.D. Game and
Fish Dept. Bismarck.
Gleason, H.A. 1922. The vegetational history of the Middle West.
Ass. Amer. Geogr.,Ann. 12:39-85.

Gleason, H.A. and A. Cronquist. 1963. Manual of Vascular Plants of
Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. D. Van
Nostrand, New York, N.Y. 810 p.
Godfread, C.S. 1976. Vascular flora of Barnes and Stutsman
Counties, North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Godfread, C.S. and W.T. Barker. 1975. Vascular flora of Barnes and
Stutsman Counties, North Dakota. p. 333-339. In: M.K. Wali,
Prairie: A Multiple View. UND Press, Grand Forks.
Goetz, H. 1963. Growth and development of native range plants in
the mixed grass prairie of western North Dakota. M.S. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Goetz, H. 1969a. Composition and yields of native grassland sites
fertilized at different rates of nitrogen. J. Range Manage.
22:384-390.
Goetz, H. 1969b. Botanical composition changes on selected
grassland sites with the addition of different rates of
nitrogen to the ecosystem. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 23:7
(Abstr.)
Goetz, H. 1970. Growth and development of Northern Great Plains
species in relation to nitrogen fertilization. J. Range
Manage. 23:112-117.
Goetz, H. 1982. Description and classification of grassland types
in North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 36:37 (Abstr.)
Goetz, H. and W.C. Whitman. 1961. Some aspects of grassland
microclimate in southwestern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 15:44-45.
Green, C.E. 1969. Morphological variation in three ecotypes of
Agropyron smithfi Rydb. and Bouteloua gracilis (H.B.K.) Lag.
ex. Steud. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Green, J.M. 1960. The Dakota National Forest. M.S. Thesis. NDSU,
Fargo.
Hadley, E.B. 1969. Physiological ecology of Pinus ponderosa in
southwestern North Dakota. Amer. Midl. Nat. 81:Z89-314.
Hadley, E.B. 1970. Net productivity and burning responses of native
eastern North Dakota prairie communities. Amer. Midl. Nat.
84:121-135.
Hadley, E.B. and R.P Buccos. 1967. Plant community composition and
net primary production within a native eastern North Dakota
prairie. Amer. Midl. Nat. 77:116-127.
Hall, L. et al. 1971. Bibliography of freshwater wetlands ecology
and management. Wisconsin Dept. of Nat. Resources, Madison.
Update of Research Rep. No. 33. 244 p.

Hansen, P.L. 1980. An ecological study of the vegetation of
Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota. M.S. Thesis.
Univ. of South Dakota, Vermillion.
Hansen, P.L., R.B. Hopkins and G.R. Hoffman. 1980. An ecological
study of Theodore Roosevelt National Park: Habitat types and
their animal components. National Park Serv. Rep. Univ. of
South Dakota. Vermillion. 182 p.
Hanson, H.C. 1934. A comparison of methods of botanical analysis of
the native prairie in western North Dakota. J. Agri. Res.
49:815-842.
Hanson, H.C. 1938. Ecology of the grassland. Bot. Rev. 4:51-82.
Hanson, H.C. 1939a. Fire in land use and management. Amer. Midl.
Nat. 21:415-434.
Hanson, H.C. 1939b. Check areas as controls in land use. Sci.
Month. 48:130-146.
Hanson, H.C. 1950. Ecology of the grassland, II. Bot. Rev. 16:283-
360.
Hanson, H.C. and W.C. Whitman. 1937. Plant succession on solonetz
soils in western North Dakota. Ecol. 18:516-522.
Hanson, H.C. and W.C. Whitman. 1938. Characteristics of major
grassland types in western North Dakota. Ecol. Monogr.
8:57-114.
Hanson, J.D. 1976. A phytosociological study of the oak savanna in
southeastern North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Hanson, J.D. and W.T. Barker. 1975. A preliminary study of the oak
savanna in southeastern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
29:12. (Abstr.)
Havard, V. 1880. List of the plants found on the plains of western
Dakota and eastern Montana during the summer of 1877 and
spring of 1879. Annual rep. Chief of Engineers. U.S.A. App.
SS. 1880:120.
Hayden, F.V. 1862. On the geology and natural history of the upper
Missouri. Amer. Philosophical Soc., Trans. 12, part 1.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Hayden, F.V. 1875. Catalogue of the collections in geology and
natural history. G.K. Warren's preliminary report of
explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the years 1855-56-57.
p. 61-95. (Reprint from report to Sec. of War. 1858. p.
673-711.)
Hazlett, D.L. and G.R. Hoffman. 1975. Plant species distributional
patterns in Artemisia tridentata and Artemisia cana-dominated
vegetation in western North Dakota. Bot. Gaz. TT&572-77.

Heerwagen, A.J. 1971. A selected bibliography of natural plant
communities in 11 midwestern states. Soil Conservation
Service, USDA. Misc. Pub. No. 1205. 30 p.
Hegstad, G.D. 1973. Vascular flora of Burke, Divide, Mountrail, and
Williams Counties in northwest North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Hegstad, G.D., and W.T. Barker. 1972. Vascular flora of Divide,
Williams, Burke, and Mountrail Counties, North Dakota. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 26:10. (Abstr.)
Heidel, B.L. 1983a. Unusual plant assemblage in Walsh County, North
Dakota. Prairie Nat. 15:61-62.
Heidel, B.L. 1983b. Red River valley prairie inventory in North
Dakota: a report to the North Dakota Parks and Recreation
Department and The Nature Conservancy. North Dakota Natural
Heritage Program, Bismarck. Unpubl.
Heidel, B.L. 1983c. Big Top and Two Top Research Natural Areas: a
preliminary report to the U.S. Forest Service. North Dakota
Natural Heritage Program, Bismarck.
Hibbard, E.A., and J.F. Cassel. 1969. The influence of Garrison Dam
on the biota of the Missouri River flood plain. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 23:10 (Abstr.)
Hitchcock, A.S. 1971. Manual of the Grasses of the United States.
2nd ed. reviewed by A. Chase. Dover Publications, Inc. New
York, N.Y. 1051 p.
Hladek, K.L. 1971. Growth characteristics and utilization of
buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea Nutt.) in the Little
Missouri River Badlands of southwestern North Dakota. Ph.D.
Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Hoffman. G.R. and. D.J. Rogers. 1966. A bibliography of vegetation
studies in the state of South Dakota. S.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
45:164-169.
Holderman, C.A. 1979. Response of western North Dakota mixed
prairie to atrazine and clipping. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Hopkins, R. 1983. Vegetation structure and avian communities of
some rangeland types of western North Dakoa. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 37:82 (Abstr.)
Houston, W.R. 1961. Some interrelations of sagebrush, soils, and
grazing intensity in the northern Great Plains. Ecol.
42:31-38.
Hubbard, D.E. 1981. The hydrology of prairie potholes: a selected
annotated bibliography. S.D. Cooperative Wildlife Research
Unit. Tech. No. Bull. 1. South Dakota State University,
Brookings. 41 p.

Hurtt, L.C. 1948. The types of plains vegetation. p. 484-486. In:
Yearbook of Agriculture: Grass. USDA, Washington, D.C.
Ikenberry, G.J. 1932. The mosses of North Dakota. The Bryologist
35:74-82.
Iverson, L.R. 1981. The role of pioneering species on the
reclamation of surface mined lands. Ph.D. Thesis. UND, Grand
Forks.
Iverson, L.R. 1982a. Evaluation of the seed bank on two western
North Dakota prairies in relation to revegetation after
mining. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 36:52 (Abstr.)
Iverson, L.R. 1982b. Reclamation of coal mined lands: the role of
Kochia scoparia and other pioneers in early succession.
Reclamation and Revegetation Res. 1:123-160.
Iverson, L.R. and M.K. Wali. 1982. Buried, viable seeds and their
relation to vegetation after surface mining. J. Range Manage.
35:648-652.
Jakes, P.J. and W.B. Smith. 1982. A second look at North Dakota's
timber lands, 1980. Forest Service, USDA. Resource Bull.
NC-58. North Central Forest Exp. Sta., St. Paul, Minnesota. 86
p.
Jensen, R.E. 1971. Climate of North Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta.
Misc. Publ. 48 p.
Johnson, J.R., and J.T. Nichols. 1970. Plants of South Dakota
grasslands: A photographic study. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. 566.
South Dakota State University, Brookings. 163 p.
Johnson, W.C. 1968. Noteworthy plants of the North Dakota Prairie
Coteau forest. Prairie Nat. 3:31-32.
Johnson, W.C. 1971. The forest overstory vegetation on the Missouri
River floodplain in North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
185 P.
Johnson, W.C., and R.L. Burgess. 1971. Smith Grove story -- Part
II. N.D. Outdoors 34:20-23.
Johnson, W.C., R.L. Burgess and W.R. Keammerer. 1976. Forest
overstory vegetation and environment on the Missouri River
floodplain in North Dakota. Ecol. Monogr. 46:59-84.
Johnson, W.C., P.W. Reily, L.S. Andrews, J.F. McLellan and J.A.
Brophy. 1982. Altered hydrology of the Missouri River and its
effects on floodplain forest ecosystems. Virginia Water
Resources Research Center, Bull. No. 139. Blacksburg, Virgina
83 p.
Johnston, A., and H.E. Cosby. 1966. Rhizomatous form of Festuca
scabrella. Can. J. Plant Sci. 46:211-212.

Jorgenson, R.A., S.K. Eleeson, K.L. Thvedt, J.E. Tesch, C.A.
Wilkey, and W.R. Dorband. 1979. Winter ecology of five prairie
aquatic ecosystems. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 33:102 (Abstr.)
Judd, B.I. 1939. Plant succession on scoria buttes of western North
Dakota. Ecol. 20:335-336.
Kaloupek, L. 1972. A taxonomic and distributional study of the
aquatic vascular plants of northeastern North Dakota. M.S.
Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Kantrud, H.A. 1973a. Preliminary list of natural areas in North
Dakota. Prairie Nat. 5:33-39.
Kantrud, H.A. 1973b. Natural Science Society natural areas
inventory records. Unpubl.
Kantrud, H.A. and R.L. Kologiski. 1981a. Grazing intensity affects
the breeding avifauna of North Dakota native grasslands. Can.
Field Nat. 95:404-417.
Kantrud, H.A. and R.L. Kologiski. 1981b. Use of North Dakota
grasslands by breeding birds. p. 264-265. In: R.L. Stuckey and
K.J. Reese, eds. The prairie penninsula - in the "shadow" of
Transeau: Sixth North American Prairie Conference, Proc. 1978.
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Kantrud, H.A. and R.L. Kologiski. 1982a. Effects of soils and
grazing on breeding birds of uncultivated upland grasslands of
the northern Great Plains. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Wildlife Res. Rep. No. 15.
Kantrud, H.A. and R.L. Kologiski. 1982b. Ordination and
classification of North Dakota grasslands. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 36:35 (Abstr.)
Kantrud, H.A., and R.L. Kologiski. In press. Avian associations of
the northern Great Plains grasslands. J. Biogeogr.
Keammerer, W.R. 1972. The understory vegetation of the bottomiand
forests of the Missouri River in North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Keammerer, W.R., and W.C. Johnson. 1970. The vegetation of the
Missouri River floodplain forests. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
24:17 (Abstr.)
Keammerer, W.R., W.C. Johnson and R.L. Burgess. 1975. Floristic
analysis of the Missouri River bottomiand forests in North
Dakota. Can. Field Nat. 89:5-19.
Kellogg, C.E. 1934. Morphology and genesis of the solonetz soils of
western North Dakota. Soil Sci. 38:483-501.
Kendeigh, S.C. 1954. History and evaluation of various concepts of
plant and animal communities in North America. Ecol.
35:152-171.

Killingbeck, K.T. 1976. Aspects of nutrient cycling and
productivity in an eastern North Dakota gallery forest. Ph.D.
Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Killingbeck, K.T. 1978. Vegetation structure and succession of
cottonwood (Populus deltoides) communities in western North
Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 32:1 (Abstr.)
Killingbeck, K.T. 1983. Nutrient pool size relations in the
understory strata of a northern Great Plains gallery forest.
Prairie Nat. 15:1-7.
Killingbeck, K.T., R.H. Bares, and E.J. Crompton. 1977. Herb and
shrub stratum biomass and productivity in five southwestern
North Dakota forest communities. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 31:18
(Abstr.)
Killingbeck, K.T., and R.H. Bares. 1978. Vegetation and soils of a
gallery forest bordering Homme Reservoir, North Dakota. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 31:40-49.
Killingbeck, K.T., and M.K. Wali. 1974. Production and nutrient
cycling on two slopes in a native forest ecosystem. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 28:17. (Abstr.)
Killingbeck, K.T., and M.K. Wali. 1978. Analysis of a North Dakota
gallery forest: nutrient, trace element and productivity
relations. Oikos 30:29-60.
Kirsch, L.M., H.F. Duebbert, and A.D. Kruse. 1978. Grazing and
haying effects on habitats of upland nesting birds. Trans.
North American Wildlife Conf. 43:486-497.
Kirsch, L.M., and A.D. Kruse. 1972; Prairie fires and wildlife.
Tall Timbers Fire Ecol. Conf., Proc. 12:289-303.
Kirsch, L. and A. Kruse. No date. Fire effects mixed prairie -
North Dakota. Unpubl. 4 p.
Klett, A.T., and H.K. Nelson. 19729 Use of remote sensing
techniques in delineation and measurement of plant
communities. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 26:12. (Abstr.)
Kollman, A.L. 1974. Ecology of sago pondweed (Potamogeton
pectinatus L.) communities. M.S. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Kollman, A.L., and M.K. Wali. 1976. Intraseasonal variations in
environmental and productivity relations of Potamogeton
pectinatus communities. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 50:439-472.
Kramer, J.L. 1973. Vegetation and soil responses to burning,
mowing, and fertilization in the Sheyenne National Grasslands
of North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Krapu, G.L., and H.F. Duebbert. 1974. A biological survey of Kraft
Slough. Prairie Nat. 6:33-55.

Kress, W.D. 1963. Some remarks regarding the ecology of North
Dakota together with an initial bibliography of vegetation of
the state. N.D. Inst. for Regional Studies. NDSU, Fargo.
Unpubl. 27 p.
Kruse, A.D., K.F. Higgins, and J.L. Piehl. 1983. Environmental
factors that influence prescribed burning in the Northern
Plains. p. 31. In: Workshop on management of public lands in
the northern Great Plains. The Wildlife Society and N.D. Game
and Fish Dept. Bismarck. (Abstr.)
Kuchler, A.W. 1964. Potential natural vegetation of the
conterminous United States. Amer. Geogr. Soc. Special Publ.
No. 36. 116 p. and map.
Landerholm, W.A. and E.B. Hadley. 1975. Decomposition of natural
and simulated litter in Oakville Prairie. p. 199-208. In: M.K.
Wali, ed. Prairie: A Multiple View. UND Press, Grand Forks.
Larson, G.E. 1976. The Potamogetonaceae in North Dakota. Prairie
Nat. 8:1-18.
Larson, G.E. 1979. The aquatic and wetland vascular plants of North
Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Larson, G.E., and W.T. Barker. 1974. Submerged aquatic vascular
plants of North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 28:20. (Abstr.)
Lauenroth, W.K. 1970. Dynamics of dry matter production in a mixed
grass prairie in western North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU,
Fargo.
Lauenroth, W.K., and W.C. Whitman. 1977. Dynamics of dry matter
production in a mixed grass prairie in western North Dakota.
Oecologia 27:339-351.
Lautenschlager, L.F. 1964. A floristic survey of Ward County,
northwestern North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Leitch, J.A. 1981. Wetland hydrology: state-of-the-art and
annotated bibliography. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Res. Rep. No. 82.
NDSU, Fargo. 16 p.
Lemke, R.W., W.M. Laird, M.J. Tipton and R.M. Lindvall. 1965.
Quaternary geology of the northern Great Plains. p. 15-27. In:
H.E. Wright and D.G. Frey, eds. The Quaternary of the United
States. Princeton Univ. Press.
Livingston, B.E., and F. Shreve. 1921. The distribution of
vegetation in the United States, as related to climatic
conditions. Carnegie Inst. Washington. Publ. No. 284. 585 p.
Looman, J. 1963. Preliminary classification of grasslands in
Saskatchewan. Ecol. 44:15-29.
Looman, J. 1964. The distribution of some lichen communities in the

Prairie Provinces and adjacent parts of the Great Plains. The
Bryologist 67:209-224.
Lorenz, R.J. 1970. Response of mixed prairie vegetation to
fertilization and harvest frequency. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU,
Fargo.
Lorenz, R.J. 1972. Present and new concepts for utilization of
native grasslands of North Dakota. Ann. Agri. Conf. and Short
Course Proc., N.D. Agri. Ass. Fargo, p. 45-50.
Lorenz, R.J. 1973. Effects of grazing on microenvironment of U.S.
rangelands. p. 186-196. In: Plant Morphogensis as the Basis
for Scientific Management of Range Resources. Proc. Workshop.
U.S.Australian Rangelands Panel. Berkley, California. USDA-ARS
Misc. Pub. No. 1271.
Lorenz, R.J. 1977. Changes in root weight and distribution in
response to fertilization and harvest treatment of mixed
prairie. p. 63-71. In: J.K. Marshall, ed. The Below-ground
Ecosystem: A Synthesis of Plant Associated Processes. Range
Sci. Dept. Ser. No. 26. Colorado State Univ. Fort Collins.
Lorenz, R.J., and G.A. Rogler. 1966. Root growth of northern plains
grasses under various fertilizer and management practices.
Amer. Forage and Grassland Council, Proc. New Orleans.
Lorenz, R.J., and G.A. Rogler. 1967. Grazing and fertilization
affect root development of range grasses. J. Range Manage.
20:129-132.
Lorenz, R.J., and G.A. Rogler. 1972. Forage production and
botanical composition of mixed prairie as influenced by
nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. Agron. J. 64:244-249.
Lorenz, R.J., and G.A. Rogler. 1973a. Growth rate of mixed prairie
in response to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization. J. Range
Manage. 26:365-368.
Lorenz, R.J., and G.A. Rogler. 1973b. Interaction of fertility
level with harvest date and frequency on productiveness of
mixed prairie. J. Range Manage. 26:50-54.
Lowry, D. 1976. An annotated wetland bibliography. Lincoln Audubon
Society, Lincoln, Nebraska. Unpubl.
Lyall, D. 1863. Account of the botanical collections made by David
Lyall, surgeon and naturalist. To North American Boundary
Commission. J. Linnean Soc. 7:124-144.
Mack, S.E. 1981. Hardwood ravines and associated vegetation in
westcentral North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Manske, L.L. 1980. Habitat, phenology and growth of selected
sandhills range plants. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Manske, L.L., and W.T. Barker. 1977. The 1976 species composition

and bi-weekly productivity data from the first year of the
three-year study of the effects of three different grazing
systems on the vegetation of the Sheyenne National Grasslands
in North Dakota. U.S. Forest Service. Unpubl. rep. 356 p.
Manske, L.L., and W.T. Barker. 1978. The 1977 species composition
and biweekly productivity data. U.S. Forest Service. Sheyenne
National Grasslands. Unpubl. 472 p.
Manske L.L., and W.T. Barker. 1979. Some of the transect data for
South Durler, North Durler and Venlo allottments taken in
1979. U.S. Forest Service, Sheyenne National Grasslands.
Unpubl.
Manske, L.L., and W.T. Barker. 1980. Progress report for
administrative study plan for the period May 1, 1979 -
December 1, 1980 in the Sheyenne National Grasslands. U.S.
Forest Service. Unpubl.
Martin, A.C., N. Hotchkiss, F.M. Uhler and W.S. Bourn. 1953.
Classification of wetlands of the United States. Fish and
Wildlife Service, USDI. Special Sci. Rep. Wildlife No. 20. 14
p.
Mastel, J.A. 1983. Growth, production, utilization and
phytosociology of western snowberry (Symphoricarpos
occidentalis Hook.) in the North Dakota Badlands. M.S. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo. 128 p.
Mastel, J.A., and H. Goetz. 1983. Growth characteristics of western
snowberry in the North Dakota Badlands. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
37:78 (Abstr.)
Mayer-Oakes, W.J., ed. 1967. Life, Land, and Water. Univ. of
Manitoba Press, Winnipeg.
McAndrews, J.H. 1967. Paleoecology of the Seminary and Mirror Pool
peat deposits. p. 253-269. In: W.J. Mayer-Oakes, ed. Life,
Land, and Water. Univ. Manitoba Press. Winnipeg.
McAndrews, J.H., R.E. Stewart, Jr. and R.C. Bright. 1967.
Paleoecology of a prairie pothole: a preliminary report. p.
101114. In: L. Clayton and T.F. Freers, eds. Glacial Geology
of the Missouri Coteau. N.D. Geol. Surv. Misc. Ser. No. 30.
Grand Forks.
McClelland, J.E., C.A. Mogen, W.M. Johnson, F.W. Schroer, and J.S.
Allen. 1959. Chernozems and associated soils of eastern North
Dakota: some properties and topographic relationships. Soil
Sci. Soc. Amer., Proc. 23:51-56.
McGregor, R.L., T.M. Barkley, W.T. Barker, R.E. Brooks, S.P.
Churchill, R.B. Kaul, O.A. Kolstad, D.M. Sutherland, T. Van
Bruggen, R.R. Weedon and J.S. Wilson. 1977. Atlas of the Flora
of the Great Plains. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames. 600 p.
McKelvey, S.D. 1955. Botanical exploration of the Trans-Mississippi

West. Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Jamaica Plain,
Massachuttsetts. 1144 p.
McKeon, J.B. 1977. Land cover analysis of North Dakota. N.D.
Regional Environmental Assessment Prog. Rep. No. 77-5. N.D.
State Geol. Surv. Grand Forks. State, county maps and
summaries.
Millar, J.B. 1976. Wetland classification in western Canada: a
guide to marshes and shallow open water wetlands in the
grasslands and parklands of the Prairie Provinces. Can.
Wildlife Serv. Rep. No. 37. 38 p.
Misra, K.C. 1961. Geography, morphology and environmental
relationships of certain Stipa species in the northern Great
Plains. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
Moberg, W.W. 1952. Original grasslands of North Dakota. N.D. Agri.
Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 14:240-241.
Moir, D.R. 1958; An occurrence of buried coniferous wood in the
Altamount Moraine in North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
11:6974.
Molberg, J.M. 1972. Common trees and shrubs of North Dakota. NDSU
Bottineau Branch Inst. Forestry, Bottineau.
Moore, M.M., R.P. Williams, and H. Goetz. 1983. Determining range
condition on the North Dakota state school lands. N.D. Acad
Sci., Proc. 37:77 (Abstr.)
Morken, J., M. Voldal, W.C. Whitman, and N. Zaczkowski. 1976.
Terrestrial vegetation. p. 2.2B-1-2.2B 65. In: Wildlife,
biological and vegetation resources of the Dunn County coal
gasification project study area. Bot. and Zoo. Depts. NDSU,
Fargo.
Morley, T. 1969. Spring Flora of Minnesota. Univ. of Minn. Press.
Minneapolis. 283 p.
Morrow, L.A., and J.F. Power. 1979. Effect of soil temperature on
development of perennial forage grasses. Agron. J. 71:7-10.
Moylan, P.M. 1971. A cytotaxonomic study of three species of
Euphorbia. M.S. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Murphy, J.M., and D.S. Holden. 1979. The ethylene from burning
lignite as a probable cause of columnnarity in North Dakota
junipers. Prairie Nat. 11:11-22.
Neel, J.K. 1974. Chemical and biological characteristics of the
Missouri River below Garrison Dam. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
28:25. (Abstr.)
Neel, J.K. 1980. Precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff in
a northern prairie watershed. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 34:23
(Abstr.)

Nelson, J.R. 1960. Composition and structure of the principal woody
vegetation types in the North Dakota Badlands. M.S. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Nelson, J.R. 1961. Woody plant communities in the Badlands of
western North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 15:42-44.
Nelson, P.W. 1964. The forests of the lower Sheyenne River Valley,
North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Nelson, P.W., and R.L. Burgess. 1964. Grazed and ungrazed woodlots
of the lower Sheyenne River Valley, North Dakota. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 18:83-84.
Noice, F.M. 1951. A study of some mineral nutrient deficiencies in
American elm. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Nordin, R.N. 1971. Population dynamics of a plankton community in
Hooker Lake, Rolette County, North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. UND,
Grand Forks.
Nordin, R.N., and D W. Blinn. 1972. Analysis of a saline taligrass
prairie ecosystem. IV: Preliminary investigations on soil
algae. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 25:8-17.
Nordin, R.N., and J.B. Owen. 1972. Zooplankton-phytoplankton
interrelationships in Hooker Lake, Rolette County, North
Dakota. N.DQ Acad. Sci., Proc. 26:55-59.
Norum, E.B., B.A. Krantz, and H.J. Haas. 1957. The Northern Great
Plains. 1957 Yearbook of Agriculture. USDA, Washington, D.C.
p. 494-505.
Ogaard, L.A. 1979. Rangeland analysis and land cover: a
computerized approach. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Ogaard, L.A. 1981a. Wetland vegetation of the Prairie Pothole
Region: research methods and annotated bibliography. N.D.
Agri. Exp. Sta. Res. Rep. No. 85. NDSU, Fargo. 50 p.
Ogaard, L.A. 1981b. Soils, microbiology, and chemistry of prairie
wetlands. N.D. Res. Rep. No. 84. NDSU, Fargo.
Okland, L.E. 1982. Paleoecology of a late Quaternary biota at the
McClusky Canal sites, central North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 36:47 (Abstr.)
Olson, W.W. 1975. Effects of controlled burning on grassland within
the Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge. M.S. Thesis. NDSU,
Fargo.
Omodt, H.W., G.A. Johnsgard, D.D. Patterson and O.P. Olson. 1968.
The major soils of North Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull.
No. 472. 60 p.
Payne, G.F., ed. 1973. Vegetative rangeland types in Montana. Mont.

Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 671. Bozeman, Montana. 16 p.
Pelvit, J. and W.T. Barker. 1975. North Dakota ferns and fern
allies. Tri-College Center for Environ. Studies. Publ. Ser.
No. 1. NDSU, Fargo. 23 p.
Pemble, R.H. 1976. Some chronosequences of vegetation in the
surface mined areas of western North Dakota. N.D. Agri. Sci.,
Proc. 30:37 (Abstr.)
Pemble, R.H., RsLo Stuckey and L~E. Elfner. 1975. Native Grassland
Ecosystems East of the Rocky Mountains in North America: A
Preliminary Bibliographyv Supplement to M.K. Wali, ed.
Prairie: A Multiple View. UND Press, Grand Forks. 466 p.
Peterson, R. 1939. Changes in grassland vegetation in western North
Dakota: 1932-1938. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Pfister, R.D., B.L. Kovalchik, S.F. Arno and R.C. Presby. 1977.
Forest habitat types of Montana. Forest Service, USDA. Gen.
Tech. Rep. Int-34. Missoula, Montana.
Phillips, W.S. 1963. Vegetational changes in the northern Great
Plains. Univ. Arizona Agri. Exp. Sta. Rep. No. 214. Tucson.
Potter, L.D. 1952. North Dakota's heritage of pine. State Hist.
Soc. N.D. 19:1-12.
Potter, L.D., and D.L. Green. 1964a. Ecology of ponderosa pine in
western North Dakota. Ecol. 45:10-23.
Potter, L.D., and D.L. Green. 1964b. Ecology of a northeastern
outlying stand of Pinus flexilis. Ecol. 45:866-868.
Potter, L.D., and D.R. Moir. 1961. Phytosociological study of
burned deciduous woods, Turtle Mountains North Dakota. Ecol.
42:468-480.
Pound, R., and F.E. Clements. 1898. The vegetation regions of the
prairie province. Bot. Gaz. 25:381-395.
Prasad, N. 1967. Influence of microclimate on diurnal water
relations in western wheatgrass leaves. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU,
Fargo. 149 p.
Quinnild, C.L., and H.E. Cosby. 1958. Relicts of climax vegetation
on two mesas in western North Dakota. Ecol. 39:29-32.
Ralston, R.D. 1960. The structure and ecology of the north slope
juniper stands of the Little Missouri Badlands. M.S. Thesis.
Univ. of Utah, Salt Lake City. 85 p.
Ralston, R.D. 1968. The grasslands of the Red River Valley. Ph.D.
Thesis. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon. 159 p.
Ralston, R.D., and R.L. Dix. 1966. Green herbage production of
native grasslands in the Red River Valley - 1965. N.D. Acad.

Sci., Proc. 20:57-66.
Rauzi, F. 1963. Water intake and plant composition as affected by
differential grazing on rangeland. J. Soil and Water Conserv.
18:114-116.
Rawson, D.S., and J.E. Moore. 1944. The saline lakes of
Saskatchewan. Can. J. Res. 22:141-201.
Read, R.A. 1961. Bibliography of Great Plains Forestry. Forest
Service, USDA. Rocky Mtn. Forest and Range Exp. Sta. Paper No.
58. 153 p.
Redmann, R.E. 1966. Plant community pattern in a saline to
non-saline prairie complex of eastern North Dakota. M.S.
Thesis. Univ. of Illinois, Urbana.
Redmann, R.E. 1968. Productivity and distribution of grassland
plant communities in western North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ.
of Illinois, Urbana.
Redmann, R.E. 1972. Plant communities and soils of an eastern North
Dakota prairie. Bull. Torrey. Bot. Club 99:65-76.
Redmann, R.E. 1975. Production ecology of grassland plant
communities in western North Dakota. Ecol. Monogr. 45:83-106.
Redmann, R.E., and G. Hulett. 1964. Factors affecting the
distribution of certain species of Compositae on an eastern
North Dakota prairie. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 18:10-21.
Reed, M.J., and R.A. Peterson. 1961. Vegetation, soil, and cattle
responses to grazing on northern Great Plains ranges. USDA
Tech. Bull. No. 1252. Fort Collins, Colorado. 79 p.
Reid, J.R., and A.W. Johnson. 1977. REAP land cover analysis of
North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 31:25 (Abstr.)
Reily, P.W., and W.C. Johnson. 1982. The effects of altered
hydrological regime on tree growth along the Missouri River in
North Dakota. Can. J. Bot. 60:2410-2423.
Rogler, G.A. 1943. Response of geographical strains of grasses to
low temperatures. Amer. Soc. Agron. 35:547-559.
Rogler, G.A. 1951. A twenty-five year comparison of continuous and
rotation grazing in the northern plains. J. Range Manage.
4:3541.
Rogler, G.A. 1960. Relation of seed dormancy of green needlegrass
(Stipa viridula Trin.) to age and treatment. Agron. J.
52:467-469.
Rogler, G.A., and H.J. Haas. 1947. Range production as related to
soil moisture and precipitation on the northern Great Plains.
J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 39:378-389.

Rogler, G.A., and R.J. Lorenz. 1957. Nitrogen fertilization of
northern Great Plains rangelands. J. Range Manage. 10:156-160.
Rogler, G.A., and R.J. Lorenz. 1965. Nitrogen fertilization of
natural grasslands in the Northern Plains of the U.S. p.
1327-1330. In: 9th International Grassl. Congr., Proc. Sao
Paulo, Brazil.
Rohde, M.C. 1980. The genus Rorippa (Brassicaceae) in the Great
Plains. M.S. Thesis. NDEIr, Fargo.
Rohde, M.C., and W.T. Barker. 1980. Taxonomy and distribution of
the genus Rorippa in the Great Plains. N.D~ Acad. Sci., ProcO
34:2 (Abstr.)
Ross, R.L., and H.E. Hunter. 1976. Climax vegetation of Montana
based on soils and climate. Soil Conservation Service, USDA.
Bozeman, Montana. 64 p. and map.
Rothenberger, S.J., G.E. Larson, W.T. Barker and D.S. Galitz. 1976.
Plant growth community analysis in the vicinity of Stanton,
North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 30:39 (Abstr.)
Rudd, V.E. 1951. Geographical affinities of the flora of North
Dakota. Amer. Midl. Nat. 45:722-739.
Ruess, R.W. 1980. The use of crown volume measurements for
predicting net annual productivity in Atriplex canescens. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 34:1 (Abstr.)
Rydberg, P.A. 1971. Flora of the Prairie and Plains of Central
North America. New York Bot. Gardens, New York, N.Y. Reprinted
by Hafner Pub. Co. (Reprint 1932 ed.), 969 p.
Sanford, R.C. 1969. Browsing on Rhus trilobata in the Badlands of
North Dakota. N.D. Acad. SciTi~Froc. Z3:23.
Sanford, R.C. 1970. Skunk bush (Rhus trilobata Nutt.) in the North
Dakota Badlands: ecology, phytosociology, browse production,
and utilization. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo. 182 p.
Sarvis, J.T. 1916. Native grasses of western North Dakota. Ann.
Meeting Ecol. Soc. Amer., New York, N.Y.
Sarvis, J.T. 1920. Composition and density of the native vegetation
in the vicinity of the Northern Great Plains Field Station. J.
Agri. Res. 19:63-72.
Sarvis, J.T. 1923. Effects of different systems and intensities of
grazing upon the native vegetation at the Northern Great
Plains Field Station. USDA Bull. No. 1170.
Sarvis, J.T. 1930. Application of agronomic methods in range
research Ecol. 11:777-782
Sarvis, J.T. 1931. Progress in range utilization research in the
northern Great Plains region. J. Amer. Soc. Anim. Proc.

Sarvis, J.TW 1941a. Grazing investigations on the northern Great
Plains. N.D. Agri. Bull. No. 308. 110 pg
Sarvis, J.T. 1941b. Value of North Dakota grasses for grazing. p.
916. In: Grass. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 300. 110 p.
Schaffner, J.H. 1926. Observations on the grasslands of central
United States. Ohio State Univ. Bot. Lab. Contributions in
Botany. 178:1-56.
Schimmelpfennig, D.K. 1982. Ecological studies on the revegetation
process of surface coal mined areas in North Dakota: 6.
Relationship between cover and aboveground biomass. Rep. to
Bureau of Mines, USDI. Washington, D.C. 49 p.
Schimmelpfennig, D., and G. Clambey. 1980. Vegetation studies in
the prairie-forest transition region. III. Forest vegetation
of Buffalo River State Park and Bluestem Prairie. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 34:20 (Abstr.)
Schumacher, C.M., and J.R. Johnson. 1980. South Dakota range sites.
Soil Conservation Service, USDA. Pub. No. EC 736. Huron, S.D.
8 p.
Scoby, D.R. 1968. Utilization of radiant energy in mixed grass
prairie. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Scoby, D.R., and W.C. Whitman. 1969. Utilization of radiant energy
in native mixed grass prairie. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 23:24.
(Abstr.)
Scoggan, H.J. 1957. Flora of Manitoba. Natl. Mus. Can. Bull. No.
140. 619 p.
Scott, M.W. 1972. Annotated bibliography of the geology of North
Dakota, 1806-1959. M.S. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks. N.D. Geol.
Surv. Misc. Ser. No. 49.
Scott, M.W. 1981. Annotated bibliography of the geology of North
Dakota. 1960-1979. N.D. Geol. Surv. Misc. Ser. No. 60. Grand
Forks. 287 p.
Sears, P.B. 1961. A pollen profile from the grassland province.
Sci. 134:2038-2039.
Seiler, G. 1973. Vascular flora of Richland, Ransom, and Sargent
Counties, North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Seiler, G.J. 1980. The taxonomy of the Primulaceae for the Great
Plains. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Seiler, G., and W.Tv Barker. 1973. Vascular flora of Ransom,
Richland, and Sargent Counties, North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 27:32 (Abstr.)
Severson, K.E., and C.E. Boldt. 1977. Problems associated with

management of native woody plants in the western Dakotas. p.
5157. In: Proc. 6th Wyoming shrub ecology workshop, Proc.
1977.Soc. Range Manage. and Wildlife Soc. Laramie, Wyoming.
Severson, K.E., and C.E. Boldt. 1978. Cattle, wildlife, and
riparian habitats in the western Dakotas. p. 90-103. In:
Management and use of northern plains rangeland: reg.
rangeland symposium. 1978. Bismarck.
Shantz, H.L. 1911. Natural vegetation as an indicator of the
capabilities of land for crop production in the Great Plains
area. Bur. Plant Industries, USDA. Bull. No. 201. 100 p.
Shantz, H.L. 1923. The natural vegetation of the Great Plains
region. Ann. Ass. Amer. Geogr. 13:81-107.
Shantz, H.L. 1938. Plants as soil indicators. p. 835-860. In:
Yearbook of Agriculture, 1938. USDA, Washington, D.C.
Shantz, H.L., and R. Zon. 1924. Natural vegetation. Part I, Sec. E.
In: USDA Atlas of American Agri. 29 p.
Shaver, J.C. 1977. North Dakota rangeland resources. Soc. for Range
Manage., Old West Regional Range Program. Denver, Colorado.
118 p.
Shaw, S.P., and C.G. Fredine. 1956. Wetlands of the United States.
Fish and Wildlife Service, USDI. Circ. No. 39. 67 p.
Shay, C.T. 1967. Vegetation history of the southern Lake Agassiz
basin during the past 12,000 years. p. 231-252. In: W.J.
Mayer-Oakes, ed. Life, Land, and Water. Univ. Manitoba Press.
Winnepeg.
ShJeflo, J.B. 1968. Evapotranspiration and the water budget of
prairie potholes in North Dakota. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper
No. 585-B. Washington, D.C. 49 p.
Shubert, L.E. 1982. Periphyton production in a saline prairie
pothole. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 36:48 (Abstr.)
Shunk, R.A. 1917. Plant associations of Shenford and Owego
Townships, Ransom County, North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. UND,
Grand Forks.
Siggeirsson, E.I. 1949. A study of methods of determining the
botanical composition and forage production of native
grasslands of western North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Sims, P.L., J.S. Singh, and W.K. Lauenroth. 1978. The structure and
function of ten western North American grasslands. J. Ecol.
66:251-285.
Singh, J.S., W.K. Lauenroth, R.K. Heitschmidt, and J.L. Dodd. 1983.
Structural and functional attributes of the vegetation of
northern mixed prairie of North America. Bot. Rev. 49:117-149.

Sloan, C.E. 1970a. Prairie potholes and the water table. U.S. Geol.
Surv. Prof. Paper No. 700-B, p. B227-B231.
Sloan, C.E. 1970b. Biotic and hydrologic variables in prairie
potholes in North Dakota. J. Range Manage. 23:260-263.
Sloan, C.E. 1972. Groundwater hydrology of prairie potholes in
North Dakota. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper No. 585-C.
Smeins, F.E. 1967. The wetland vegetation of the Red River Valley
and Drift Prairie regions of Minnesota, North Dakota and
Manitoba. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
Smith, K.A. 1983. Prescribed burning on mid cool season grassland
of northwestern North Dakota to reduce Symphoricarpos
occidentalis. p. 29. In: Workshop on management of public
lands in the northern Great Plains. The Wildlife Society and
N.D. Game and Fish Dept. Bismarck. (Abstr.)
Sorenson, L.A. 1975. Alternative uses of wetlands. M.S. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo. 115 p.
Stack, R.W., and H.A. Lamey. 1982. Dutch elm disease in North
Dakota after the first decade. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 36:45
(Abstr.)
Staudinger, J.D. 1966. A chromatographic and ecological study of
the columnar junipers of western North Dakota. M.S. Thesis.
UND, Grand Forks.
Staudinger, J.D., and E.B. Hadley. 1965. A chromatographic study of
the junipers of western North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
19:178-185.
Stevens, O.A. 1920a. The geographical distribution of North Dakota
plants. Amer. Jfi Bot. 7:231-242.
Stevens, O.A. 1920b. The distribution of North Dakota plants. In:
College and State - North Dakota Agricultural College.
4(2):3-4.
Stevens, O.A. 1921a. Plants of Fargo, North Dakota, with dates of
flowering. Amer. Midl. Nat. 7:54-62, 79-100, 135-156.
Stevens, O.A. 1921b. Suggestions for cooperative study on some
features of climate and plant growth. Ecol. 2:151-152.
Stevens, O.A. 1922 The Turtle Mountains of North Dakota. Amer.
Bot. 28:9-14.
Stevens, O.A. 1938. Wildflowers of North Dakota. Circ. 164. Coop.
Ext. Serv., N.D. Agri. Coll., Fargo. 51 p.
Stevens, O.A. 1939a. Plants of the Mustard family in North Dakota.
N.D. Agri. Expt. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 1(5):7-10.
Stevens, O.A. 1939b. The leguminous plants of North Dakota. N.D.

Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 2(2):8-11.
Stevens, O.A. 1939c. The bluegrasses of North Dakota. N.D. Agri.
Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 1(6):6-7.
1940a. The ferns and related plants native to North
Stevens, O.A. 1940a. The ferns and related plants native to North
Dakota. Bimonthly Bull. 3(2):13-15.
Stevens, O.A. 1940b. North Dakota plants of the Carrot family. N.D.
Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 2(6):4-5.
Stevens, O.A. 1940c. Plants of the Buckwheat family in North
Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 2(4):5-6.
Stevens, O.A. Dakota. 1940d. The Pigweeds and their relatives in
North N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 2(5):8-9.
Stevens, O.A. 1941a. Catalogue of North Dakota grasses. p. 98-107.
In: Grass. -Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 300. N.D. Agri. Coll.,
Fargo.
Stevens, O.A. 1941b. Sedges, rushes and other grass-like plants. ND
Agri. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 3(6):12-15.
Stevens, O.A. 1941c. Sunflowers and coneflowers of North Dakota.
N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 4(1):11-13.
Stevens, O.A. 1941d. The trees of North Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp.
Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 3(5):8-10.
Stevens, O.A. 1941e. Thistles, wormwoods and ragweeds in North
Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 4(2):10-12.
Stevens, O.A. 1943a. Asters and daisies in North Dakota. N.D.
Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 6(1):4-7.
Stevens, O.A. 1943b. Audubon's journey up the Missouri River,
1843. N.D. Hist. Quart. 10:63-82.
Stevens, O.A. 1943c. North Dakota Roosevelt Park, North Dakota.
Amer. Bot. 49:104-110.
Stevens, O.A. 1944a. Chickweeds and cockles in North Dakota. N.D.
Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 6(4):10-12.
Stevens, O.A. 1944b. North Dakota plants related to flax, mallow,
and geranium. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 6(5):12-14.
Stevens, O.A. 1945a. Plant and animal populations of the Missouri
River Valley in North Dakota. NDSU Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No.
8(2):20-25.
Stevens, O.A. 1945b. Plants of the Rose family in North Dakota.
N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 7(4):27-29.
Stevens, O.A. 1946. Botanical visits to Forts Clark, Mandan, and

Union in North Dakota. Rhodora 48:98-103.
Stevens, O.A. 1947. Plants of the Nightshade family in North
Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 9(3):88-92.
Stevens, O.A. 1948a. North Dakota plants related to the lettuce
group. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 10(5):163-166.
Stevens, O.A. 1948b. Wildflowers of North Dakota. Coop. Ext. Serv.,
N D. Agri. Exp. Sta., Fargo. 6 p.
Stevens, O.A. 1949. Shrubs of North Dakota. N.D. Outdoors.
12(5):7-9.
Stevens, O.A. 1951a. Problems in indicating plant distribution.
Rhodora 53:222-226.
Stevens, O.A. 1951b. Plants of southwestern North Dakota. N.D.
Outdoors. 14(1):9-10.
Stevens, O.A. 1953a. Plant collecting in the Badlands at Medora,
North Dakota. Asa Gray Bull. 2:391-394.
Stevens, O.A. 1953b. Collecting in Grant County, North Dakota. Asa
Gray Bull. 2:389-390.
Stevens, O.A. 1954a. Flowers of the Theodore Roosevelt National
Memorial Park. Theodore Roosevelt Nature and History Ass.,
Medora. 15 p.
Stevens, O.A. 1954b. Nicollet's expedition of 1839. N.D. Hist.
Quart. 21:75-82.
Stevens, O.A. 1956a. Flowering dates of North Dakota plants. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 10:35.
Stevens, O.A 1956b. Flowering dates of weeds in North Dakota. N.D.
Agri. Ext. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 18(6):209-213.
Stevens, O.Aw 1959. Bradbury and Nuttall, pioneer Dakota botanists.
N.D. Hist. Quart. 26(4):159-169.
Stevens, O.A. 1961a. Plants of Fargo, North Dakota. Amer. Midl.
Nat. 66:171-177.
Stevens, O.A. 1961b. Maximillian in North Dakota, 1833-34. N.D.
Hist. Quart. 28(4):163-169.
Stevens, O.A. 1963. Handbook of North Dakota Plants. N.D. Inst. for
Regional Studies. NDSU, Fargo. 324 p.
Stevens, O.A. 1964. Introduction and spread of weeds in North
Dakota. Ext. Serv. Circ. A-452, NDSU, Fargo. 4 p.
Stevens, O.A. 1966. Plants of Bottineau County, North Dakota. N. D.
School of Forestry, Bottineau. 37 p.

Stevens, O.A. 1968. Publications of O.A. Stevens. Dedication
program for Stevens Hall. (Comprehensive list.) NDSU, Fargo.
Stevens, O.A. 1970. Some local native plant losses and some
salvage. Prairie Nat. 2:49-51.
Stevens, O.A. 1975. Comparison of flowering records from Kansas and
North Dakota. Prairie Nat. 7:81-85.
Stevens, O.A. and L.F. Rock. 1952. Outline for ecological life
history studies of herbaceous plants. Ecol. 33:415-422.
Stewart, O.C. 1951. Burning, and natural vegetation in the United
States. Geogr. Rev. 41:217-320.
Stewart, O.C. 1953. Why the Great Plains are treeless. Colorado
Quart., Colorado Univ. 2:40-50.
Stewart, R.E. 1970. New records of vascular plants in North Dakota.
Prairie Nat. 3:3-12.
Stewart, R.E. 1973. A new orchid for North Dakota. Prairie Nat.
5:30.
Stewart, R.E., and H.A. Kantrud. 1963. Long-term investigations of
pothole complexes on the Missouri Coteau in Stutsman County,
North Dakota. Denver Wildlife Res. Center, Ann. Progress Rep.
Wildlife Res. Work Unit A-7.1. 62 p.
Stewart, R.E., and H.A. Kantrud. 1969. Proposed classification of
potholes in the glaciated prairie region. p. 56-9. In: Trans.
Saskatoon Wetlands Seminar. Can. Wildlife Serv. Rep. Ser. No.
6.
Stewart, R.E., and H.A; Kantrud. 1971. Classification of natural
ponds and lakes in the glaciated prairie region. Fish and
Wildlife Service, USDI. Bur. of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife.
Resource Pub. No. 92. 57 p.
Stewart, R.E., and H.A. Kantrud. 1972. Vegetation of prairie
potholes, North Dakota, in relation to quality of water and
other environmental factors. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper No.
585-D. 36 p.
Stewart, R.E., and H.A. Kantrud. 1973. Ecological distribution of
breeding waterfowl populations in North Dakota. J. Wildlife
Manage. 37:39-50.
Stewart, R.E. Jr. 1971. Forests, wetlands and waterfowl populations
in the Turtle Mountains of North Dakota and Manitoba. Ph.D.
Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Swanson, G.A., and P.F. Springer. 1972. Widgeongrass balls on
alkali lakes. Prairie Nat. 4:52-54.
Taft, C.E. 1948. Some algae from the Black Hills of South Dakota
and the Turtle Mountains region of North Dakota. Ohio J. Sci.

48:8488.
Taylor, J.E. 1976. Long-term responses of mixed prairie rangeland
to nitrogen fertilization and range pitting. Ph.D. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Telford, H.S., and O.A. Stevens. 1942. Uses and management of ponds
and lakes. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 313.
Tester, J.R., and W.H. Marshall. 1962. Minnesota prairie management
techniques and their wildlife implications. Trans. North
American Wildlife Conf. 27:267-287.
Thompson, G.G. 1962. Postglacial fresh-water limestone, marl and
peat from south central North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
16:16-22.
Thompson, J.C. 1980. Malvaceae of the Great Plains. M.S. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Upham, W. 1891. Geographic limits of species of plants in the basin
of the Red River of the North. Boston Nat. Hist. Soc., Proc.
25:140-172.
USDA, Forest Service. 1981. Effects of fire on flora: a
state-of knowledge review. Gen. Tech. Rep. WO-16. National
Fire Effects Workshop, 1978. Denver, Colorado. 71 p.
USDA, Forest Service. 1979. Sheyenne National Grassland land
management plan background reports. Dakotas Planning Team.
Custer National Forest, Dickinson, N.D. 140 p.
USDA, Soil Conservation Service. 1970. North Dakota Conservation
Needs Inventory. Bismarck. 161 p.
USDA, Soil Conservation Service. 1975. Guide to range sites,
condition classes, and initial stocking rates. Bismarck. Mimeo
handbook.
USDA, Soil Conservation Service. 1983a. (revision) Checklist of
most common range plants of North Dakota. Bismarck. Unpubl.
mimeo. 60 p.
USDA, Soil Conservation Service. 1983b. Complete list of
publications - Northern Great Plains Research Center. Unpubl.
Mandan, N.D. 38 p.
USDI, Bureau of Indian Affairs. 1961. Soil and range resources
inventory. Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota. BIA
Rep. No. 163. 76 p.
USDI, Fish and Wildlife Service. 1955. Wetlands inventory, North
Dakota. Office of River Basin Studies. Billings, Montana. 44
p.
Van Bruggen, T. 1976. The Vascular Plants of South Dakota. Iowa
State University Press. Ames. 538 p.

Visher, S.S. 1916. The biogeography of the Great Plains. Geogr.
Rev. 2:89-115.
Volesky, J.D. 1983. Big game browse study evaluation. M.S. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Wali, M.K. 1972. Comparative studies of some inland saline aquatic
ecosystems in North Dakota. N.D. Water Resources Inst., NDSU,
Fargo.
Wali, M.K., ed. 1975. Prairie: A Multiple View. Fourth Midwest
Prairie Conf., Proc. 1974. UND Press, Grand Forks. 433 p.
Wali, M.K. 1976. Comparative studies of some inland saline aquatic
ecosystems in North Dakota. N.D. Water Resources Res. Inst.
Fargo. Rep. No. WI-221-033-76.
Wali, M.K., R.H. Bares, and R.L. Burgess. 1982. Major woodland and
shrubland communities in North Dakota: a synthesis. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 36:34 (Abstr.)
Wali, M.K., and D.W. Blinn. 1972. Effect of some environmental
factors on the distribution and productivity of the producers
in aquatic ecosystems. NvD. Water Resources Res. Inst., Fargo~
N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 26:23 (Abstr.)
Wali, M.K., G.W. Dewald and S.M. Jalal. 1973. Ecological aspects of
some bluestem communities in the Red River Valley. Bull.
Torrey Bot. Club 100:339-348.
Wanek, W.J. 1965. The grassland vegetation of the sandhills of
southeastern North Dakota. M.S; Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Wanek, W.J. 1967. The gallery forest vegetation of the Red River of
the North. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo. 211 p.
Wanek, W.J., and R.L. Burgess. 1965. Floristic composition of the
sand prairies of southeastern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci.,
Proc. 19:26-40.
Ward, G.T. 1983. Forb phenology and utilization in selected
Sheyenne Grasslands plant communities. M.S. Paper. NDSU,
Fargo.
Ward, R.L. 1970. Distribution of the Scirpus validus complex in
North Dakota. Prairie Nat. 2:63-64. ~
Ward, R.L. 1973. A cytotaxonomic study of the Scirpus lacustris L.
complex in the northern plains states. Ph.D. Thesis. ND5U,
Fargo.
Warner, J.R., and C.D. Chase. 1956. The timber resources of North
Dakota. Forest Service, USDA. Lake States Forest Exp. Sta.,
Rep. No. FSSP-LS-36. St. Paul, Minnesota. 47 p.
Warner, R. 1983. Rare plants in North Dakota. North Dakota Natural
Heritage Program, Bismarck. (An updated, ongoing list.)

Unpubl.
Watts, F.B. 1960. The natural vegetation of the southern Great
Plains of Canada. Geogr. Bull. 14:25-43.
Weaver, J.E. 1968. Prairie Plants and Their Environment - a Fifty
Year Study in the Midwest. Univ. of Nebraska Press, Lincoln.
276 P
Weaver, J.E. and F.W. Albertson. 1956. Grasslands of the Great
Plains. Johnsen Publishing Co. Lincoln, Nebraska. 395 p.
Wells, P.V. 1965. Scarp woodlands, transported grassland soils, and
concept of grassland climate in the Great Plains Region. Sci.
148:246-249.
Wells, P.V. 1970a. Postglacial vegetational history of the Great
Plains. Sci. 167:1574-1582.
Wells, P.V. 1970b. Historical factors controlling vegetation
patterns and floristic distributions in the central plains
region of North America. p. 211-221. In: Dort, W. Jr. and J.K.
Jones, Jr., eds. Pleistocene and Recent Environments of the
Central Great Plains. Univ. Press Kansas, Lawrence.
Wheeler, W.A. 1901. A cohtribution to the knowledge of the flora of
the Red River valley in Minnesota. Minn. Bot. Stud.
23:569-616.
Whitman, W.C. 1936. A preliminary study of some grassland types in
western North Dakota in relation to soil characteristics. M.S.
Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Whitman, W.C. 1941. Seasonal changes in bound water content of some
prairie grasses. Bot. Gaz. 103:38-63.
Whitman, W.C. 1950. Productivity of natural prairie vegetation. In:
N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Ann. Rep. for 1949, Bull. No. 356. p.
29-30.
Whitman, W.C. 1953a. Pyramid Park Experimental Area Laboratory for
rangeland research. Bimonthly Bull. 16:63-66.
Whitman, W.C. 1953b. Utilization of native grass in western North
Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bimonthly Bull. 28:101-105.
Whitman, W.C. 1954. Yield characteristics of native grass ranges.
N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 8:14-19.
Whitman, W.C. 1956. Grassland resources of North Dakota. N.D. Acad.
Sci., Proc. 10:52-59.
Whitman, W.C. 1957. Forage production of grazed ranges in relation
to composition of the vegetation. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
11:64-65.
Whitman, W.C. 1958. Influence of early season clipping on the

productivity of native grass. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 13:10.
Whitman, W.C. 1959. Influence of early season clipping on the
productivity of native grass. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 13:10.
Whitman, W.C. 1962. Vegetation of North Dakota. p. 37-61. In:
I.T. Dietrich and J. Hove, eds. Conservation of Natural
Resources in North Dakota. N.D. Inst. for Regional Studies.
NDSU, Fargo.
Whitman, W.C. 1969. Microclimate and its importance in grassland
ecosystems. p. 40-64. In: R.L. Dix and R.G. Beidleman, eds.
The Grassland Ecosystem: A Preliminary Synthesis. Range Sci.
Dept. Sci. Ser. No. 2. Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins.
Whitman, W.C. 1970. Comprehenisve network site description,
Dickinson. U.S. IBP Grassland Biome Tech. Rep. No. 40.
Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins. 15 p.
Whitman, W.C. 1971. Primary productivity and abiotic studies at the
Dickinson site, 1970 season. IBP Grassland Biome Tech. Rep.
No. 116. Nat. Res. Ecol. Lab., Colorado State Univ., Fort
Collins. 100 p.
Whitman, W.C 1972a. A supplemental report on primary productivity
and abiotic studies at the Dickinson site, 1970 season. IBP
Grassland Biome Tech. Rep. No. 190. Nat. Res. Ecol. Lab.,
Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins. 37 p.
Whitman, W.C. 1972b. Energy budgets of grazed and ungrazed
grassland. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 26:24 (Abstr.)
Whitman, W.C. 1974a. Turnover rate in mixed grass prairie. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 28:37 (Abstr.)
Whitman, W.C. 1974b. Influence of grazing on the microclimate of
mixed grass prairie. p. 207-218. In: Plant morphogenesis as
the basis for scientific management of range resources. USDA
Misc. Publ. No. 1271.
Whitman, W.C. 1979. Analysis of grassland vegetation on selected
key areas in southwestern North Dakota. N.D. Regional
Environmental Assessment Prog., Rep. No. 79-14. NDSU, Fargo.
199 p.
Whitman, W.C. 1981. North Dakota's changing plant resources. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 35.
Whitman, W.C. 1983. Historical developments of scientific rangeland
research in North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 37:17
(Abstr.)
Whitman, W.C., D.W. Bolin, E.W. Klosterman, H.J. Klosterman, K.D.
Ford, L. Moomaw, D.G. Hoag, and M.L. Buchanan. 1951. Carotene,
protein, and phosphorus in grasss of western North Dakota.
N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 370. 55 p.

Whitman, W.C., and H.C. Hanson. 1939. Vegetation on scoria and clay
buttes in western North Dakota. Ecol. 20:455-457.
Whitman, W.C., H.C. Hanson, and G. Loder. 1943. Natural
revegetation of abandoned fields in western North Dakota. N.D.
Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 321. 18 p.
Whitman, W.C., H.C. Hanson, and R. Peterson. 1943. Relation of
drought and grazing to North Dakota rangelands. N.D. Agri.
Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 320. 29 p.
Whitman, W.C., and C.M. Haugse. 1972. Effects of added rainfall on
range vegetation production. Interim Progress Rep. 1971-72.
ARE Proj. N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. 34 p.
Whitman, W.C., and E.A. Helgeson. 1946. Range Vegetation Studies.
N.D. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bull. No. 340. 43 p.
Whitman, W.C., D. Peterson, and T.J. Conlon. 1961. Grass studies at
Dickinson: results of clipping trials with cool season
grasses. Farm Res. 22(2):9-14.
Whitman, W.C., D.R. Peterson, and T.J. Conlon. 1962. Grass studies
at Dickinson: results of clipping trials with grasses and
grass alfalfa mixtures. Farm Res. 22(3):4-13.
Whitman, W.C., and E.I Siggeirsson. 1954. Comparison of line
interception and point contact methods in the analysis of
mixed grass range vegetation. Ecol. 35:431-436.
Whitman, W.C., and O.A. Stevens. 1952. Native legumes of North
Dakota grassland. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 6:73-78.
Whitman, W.C., and M.K. Wali. 1975. Grasslands of North Dakota. p.
53-73. In: M.K. Wali, ed. Prairie: A Multiple View. UND Press.
Grand Forks.
Whitman, W.C., and G. Wolters. 1963. A field installation for the
study of grassland microclimate. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
17:106.
Whitman, W.C., and G. Wolters. 1966. Microclimate gradients in
mixed grass prairie. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 20:43.
Whitman, W.C., and G. Wolters. 1967. Microclimatic gradients in
mixed grass prairie. p. 165-185. In: Ground Level Climatology.
Amer. Ass. Advance. Sci.
Whitman, W.C., D. Zeller and A.J. Bjugstad. 1964. Influence of
grazing on factors affecting water intake rates of range
soils. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 18:71 (Abstr.)
Wikum, D.A. 1972. Vegetation of the Forest River Biology Area in
relation to environmental gradients and some patterns and
processes of nutrient cycling. Ph.D. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Wikum, D.A., and M.K. Wali. 1971. Vegetation of the Forest River

Biology Area in relation to some environmental gradients. N.D.
Acad. Sci., Proc. 25:33 (Abstr.)
Wikum, D.A., and M.K. Wali. 1974. Analysis of a North Dakota
gallery forest: Vegetation in relation to topographic and soil
gradients. Ecol. Monogr. 44:441-464.
Will, G.F. 1946. Tree ring studies in North Dakota. N.D. Agri. Exp.
Sta. Bull. No. 338:1-24.
Willard, D.E. 1926. The Story of the Prairies on the Landscape
Geology of North Dakota. Rand-McNally and Co., Chicago,
Illinois. 10th ed. 375 pp.
Willenbring, R.E. 1971. The vascular flora of Pembina County, North
Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Willenbring, R.E. and W.T. Barker. 1970. The vascular flora of
Pembina County, North Dakota. Prairie Nat. 3,4:80-104.
Willenbring, R.E. and W.T Barker. 1971. Vascular flora of Pembina
County. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 25:34 (Abstr.)
Williams, D.E. 1976. Growth, production and browse utilization
characteristics of serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.)
in the Badlands of southwestern North~Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Williams, D.E., and H. Goetz. 1973. Browse study in southwestern
North Dakota Badlands. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 27:50-57.
Williams, D.E., and H. Goetz. 1975. Growth, production and browse
utilization characteristics of serviceberry (Amelanchier
alnifolia Nutt.) in the Badlands of southwestern North Dakota.
N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 27:50-58.
Williams, R.P. 1974. Vascular flora of Emmons County in south
central North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Williams, R.P. 1979. Vascular flora of south central North Dakota.
Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Williams, R.P., and W.T. Barker. 1975. Vascular flora of Emmons
County, North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 29:34 (Abstr.)
Williams, T.A. 1897. Grasses and forage plants of the Dakotas. USDA
Div. Agrostology Bull. No. 6. 47 p.
Williamson, R.L. 1979. Seasonal variations in the nutrient
qualities of nine selected shrubs of North Dakota. M.S.
Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Williamson, R.L., J.L. Richardson, G. Clambey, B.J. Bermes, and W.
Keammerer. 1981. Physical and environmental factors of
woodland ecosystems on the Glenharold mine reserve in western
North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 35:8 (Abstr.)

Willis, W.D. and J.F. Power. 1975. Soil temperature and plant
growth in the northern Great Plains. p. 209-219. In: M.K.
Wali, ed. Prairie: A Multiple View. UND Press. Grand Forks.
Willman, C.A. 1968. Airborne pollen of native prairie. M.S. Thesis.
UND, Grand Forks.
Wolf, E.G. 1967. Photosynthetic production and energy conversion in
Spiritwood Lake, North Dakota. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Wolters, G. 1967. Characteristics of the growing season
microclimate of mixed grass prairie in western North Dakota.
Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Wright, H.E. Jr. 1968. Vegetational history of the central plains.
In: W. Dort, Jr. and J.K. Jones, Jr., eds. Pleistocene and
Recent Environments of the Central Great Plains. Univ. Press
Kansas, Lawrence.
Young, R.T. 1924. The life of Devil's Lake, North Dakota. Publ.
N.D. Biol. Sta. 116 p.
Zaczkowski, N.K. 1972. Vascular flora of Billings, Bowman, Golden
Valley and Slope Counties, North Dakota. Ph.D. Thesis. NDSU,
Fargo.
Zaczkowski, N.K. 1973. Notes on North Dakota Astragalus species
distribution. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 27:42 (Abstr.)
Zaczkowski, N.K. and W.T. Barker. 1970. Rare vascular plants of
southwestern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 24:25
(Abstr.)
Zaczkowski, N.K. and W.T. Barker. 1971. Floristic survey of
southwestern North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc. 25:35
(Abstr.)
Zeller, D.H. 1963. Certain mulch and soil characteristics of major
range sites in western North Dakota as related to range
condition. M.S. Thesis. NDSU, Fargo.
Zimmerman, G.M. 1981. Effects of fire upon selected plant
communities in the Little Missouri Badlands. M.S. Thesis.
NDSU, Fargo.
Anderson, D.W.- 1969. Factors affecting phytoplankton development
and autotrophism in a highly mineralized, holomictic Northern
Prairie lake. Ph.D. Thesis. UND, Grand Forks.
Barker, W.T. 1982. Annotated list of the rare plants of North
Dakota. Unpublished update for the Endangered Species
Committee of The Wildlife Society, N.D. Chapter.
Blinn, D.W. 1972. Seasonal notes on plankton algae of East Stump
Lake, North Dakota. Prairie Nat. 4:17-21.
Bryson, R.A., D.A. Baerreis and W.M. Wendland. 1970. The character

of late-glacial and post-glacial climatic changes. p. 53-74.
In: D. Wakefield and J.K. Jones, eds. Pleistocene and Recent
Environments of the Central Great Plains. Univ. Kansas Press.
Lawrence, KS.
Crary, P.T. et al. 1971. Report of the Ecological Advisory
Sub-committee to the Pembina River Basin Planning Committee.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. St. Paul, MN. Unpubl. 49 p.
Hazlett, D.L. 1972. An ecolgical study of Artemisia - dominated
vegetation in western North Dakota with special reference to
the concept of allelopathy. M.A. Thesis. Univ. of South
Dakota. Vermillion, S.D.
Higgins, K.F. 1984. Temporal distribution, size, and frequency of
lightening fires in the northern Great Plains. Abstr. no. 69.
37th Internatl. Soc. Range Management meeting. Feb. 12-17.
Rapid City, S.D.
Larson, D.W. 1973. Algal associations in nearshore waters of Golden
Lake, a shallow prairie lake in eastern North Dakota. Prairie
Nat.
Love, D. 1959. The postglacial development of the flora of
Manitoba: a discussion. Can. J. Bot. 37: 547-585.
Mercil, S.B., C.M. Conway and L.E. Shubert. 1980. Phosphorus
stability in a hypertrophic lake. p. 179-190. In: J. Barcia
and L.R. Mur, eds. Hypertrophic Ecosystems. Dr. W. Junk BV
Publ., The Hague.
Metcalf, F.P. 1931. Wild-duck foods of North Dakota lakes. Tech.
Bull. No. 221. Bureau of Biological Survey, USDA. Wa., D.C.
Moir, D.R. 1958b. Occurrence and radiocarbon date of coniferous
wood in Kidder County, North Dakota. W.M. Laird, R.W. Lemke
and M. Hansen, eds. In: Guidebook Ninth Ann. Field Conf.
Midwestern Friends of the Pleistocene. N.D. Geol. Surv. Misc.
Ser. No. 10: 108-114.
Moore, G.T. 1917. Preliminary list of algae in Devils Lake, North
Dakota. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 4: 293-303.
Moore, G.T. and N. Carter. 1923. Algae from lakes in the
Northeastern part of North Dakota. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 10:
393-423.
Shubert, L.E. 1978. The algal growth potential of an inland saline
and eutrophic lake. Mitt. Intern. Verein. Limnol. 21: 555-574.
Shubert, L.E. and T.L. Starks. 1979. Algal succession on orphaned
coal mine spoils. p. 661-669. In: M.K. Wali, ed. Ecology and
Coal Resource Development. Pergamon Press. New York, NY.
Shubert, L.E. and T.L. Starks. 1980. Soil-algal relationships from
surface mined soils. Brit. Phycological J. 15: 417-428.

Starks, T.L. and L.E. Shubert. 1979. Algal colonization on a
reclaimed surface mined area in western North Dakota. p. 652
660. In: M.K. Wali, ed. Ecology and Coal Resource Development.
Pergamon Press. New York, NY.
Starks, T.L. and L.E. Shubert. 1982. Colonization and succession of
algae and soil-algal interactions associated with disturbed
areas. J. Phycology. 18: 99-107.
Taylor, W.D., L.R. Williams, S.C. Hern, V.W. Lambou, F.A. Morris
and M.K. Morris. 1978. Distribution of phytoplankton in North
Dakota lakes. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Natl.
Eutrophication Survey. Working Paper No. 700. Las Vegas, NV.
Thompson, G.G. 1962. Postglacial fresh water limestone, marl and
peat from south-central North Dakota. N.D. Acad. Sci., Proc.
16: 16-22.
Verch, R. and D.W. Blinn. 1971. Seasonal investigations of algae
from Devils Lake, North Dakota. Prairie Nat. 3: 67-79.
Wells, P.V. 1970. Historical factors controlling vegetation
patterns and floristic distributions in the Central Plains
Region of North America. p. 212-221. In: D. Wakefield and J.K.
Jones, eds. Pleistocene and Recent Environments of the Central
Great Plains. Univ. Kansas. Press. Lawrence, KS.
U.S. Geological Survey
Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
North Dakota Vegetation Bibliography
http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/literatr/ndveg/
Last Updated: 08/08/2006