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Company held interest-rate swap agreements to reduce the fixed interest-rate exposure of certain loansreceivable of the banking/finance segment. These instruments are economic hedges with changes in theirfair value recognized in earnings in other, net revenue.The Company may also enter into equity swap agreements to mitigate market valuation risks related tosecurities the Company holds that are carried at fair value and investments held by majority-ownedsponsored investment products that the Company consolidates. These instruments are economic hedges withchanges in their fair value recognized in earnings in other income, net.Loans Held for Sale consist of retail installment loan sale contracts held for sale in securitizationtransactions. The contracts are secured by new and used automobiles purchased from motor vehicle dealers.The loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate. Netunrealized losses are recognized through a valuation allowance included in other, net revenue. The fairvalue of automobile loans held for sale generally is estimated based on the whole loan market price thatwould be received if the loans were sold in their current condition, which may include adjustments based onthe composition of the loan portfolio and liquidity factors. As a result of recent economic conditions,observable whole loan prices for comparable portfolios of automobile loans sold have not been readilyavailable. Therefore, the fair value currently is determined by using discounted cash flow analyses withestimated discount rates for loans with similar terms and collateral. Accordingly, automobile loans held forsale currently are classified as Level 3.Loans Receivable, Net. The banking/finance group offers retail banking, private banking and consumerlending services. The Company accrues interest on loans using the effective interest method. The majorityof retail and private banking loans carry variable interest rates, which are adjusted periodically. Theconsumer lending loans carry fixed interest rates. Loans receivable are carried at cost, net of the allowancefor loan losses. For disclosure purposes, the fair value of loans receivable is estimated using discounted cashflow models with interest rates that consider the current credit and interest rate risks inherent in the loansand the current economic and lending conditions. For certain loans with no significant credit concerns andfrequent repricing, estimated fair values are generally based on the carrying value.Allowance for Loan Losses. An allowance for loan losses on the Company’s retail banking, privatebanking and consumer lending portfolios (collectively, “loan portfolios”) is maintained at a level sufficientto absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolios. Probable losses are estimated for the loanportfolios based on contractual delinquency status and historical loss experience. The allowance on the loanportfolios is based on aggregated portfolio segment evaluations, generally by loan type, and reflects theCompany’s judgment of portfolio risk factors such as economic conditions, bankruptcy trends, product mix,geographic concentrations and other similar items. A loan is charged to the allowance for loan losses whenit is deemed probable to be uncollectible, taking into consideration the value of the collateral, the financialcondition of the borrower and other factors. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off as uncollectible arecredited to the allowance for loan losses.Loans past due 90 days or more are reviewed individually to determine whether they are collectible. Ifwarranted, after considering collateral level and other factors, loans 90 days past due are placed onnon-accrual status. Interest collections on non-accrual loans for which the ultimate collectibility of principalis uncertain are applied as principal reductions; otherwise, such collections are credited to income whenreceived.The Company has not recorded an allowance for loan losses on its private banking loans. These loansgenerally are payable on demand and are fully secured by assets under its control or subject to rights ofoffset. Consistent with past experience, no losses are anticipated on these loans.76

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