Network Working Group R. Fielding Request for Comments: 2616 ...

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CRLFchunk = chunk-size [ chunk-extension ] CRLFchunk-data CRLFchunk-size = 1*HEXlast-chunk = 1*("0") [ chunk-extension ] CRLFchunk-extension= *( ";" chunk-ext-name [ "=" chunk-ext-val ] )chunk-ext-name = tokenchunk-ext-val = token | quoted-stringchunk-data = chunk-size(OCTET)trailer = *(entity-header CRLF)The chunk-size field is a string of hex digits indicating the size ofthe chunk. The chunked encoding is ended by any chunk whose size iszero, followed by the trailer, which is terminated by an empty line.The trailer allows the sender to include additional HTTP headerfields at the end of the message. The Trailer header field can beused to indicate which header fields are included in a trailer (seesection 14.40).Fielding, et al. Standards Track [Page 25]RFC 2616 HTTP/1.1 June 1999A server using chunked transfer-coding in a response MUST NOT use thetrailer for any header fields unless at least one of the following istrue:a)the request included a TE header field that indicates "trailers" isacceptable in the transfer-coding of the response, as described insection 14.39; or,b)the server is the origin server for the response, the trailerfields consist entirely of optional metadata, and the recipientcould use the message (in a manner acceptable to the origin server)without receiving this metadata. In other words, the origin serveris willing to accept the possibility that the trailer fields mightbe silently discarded along the path to the client.This requirement prevents an interoperability failure when themessage is being received by an HTTP/1.1 (or later) proxy andforwarded to an HTTP/1.0 recipient. It avoids a situation wherecompliance with the protocol would have necessitated a possiblyinfinite buffer on the proxy.
An example process for decoding a Chunked-Body is presented inappendix 19.4.6.All HTTP/1.1 applications MUST be able to receive and decode the"chunked" transfer-coding, and MUST ignore chunk-extension extensionsthey do not understand.3.7 Media TypesHTTP uses Internet Media Types [17] in the Content-Type (section14.17) and Accept (section 14.1) header fields in order to provideopen and extensible data typing and type negotiation.media-type = type "/" subtype *( ";" parameter )type = tokensubtype = tokenParameters MAY follow the type/subtype in the form of attribute/valuepairs (as defined in section 3.6).The type, subtype, and parameter attribute names are caseinsensitive.Parameter values might or might not be case-sensitive,depending on the semantics of the parameter name. Linear white space(LWS) MUST NOT be used between the type and subtype, nor between anattribute and its value. The presence or absence of a parameter mightbe significant to the processing of a media-type, depending on itsdefinition within the media type registry.Fielding, et al. Standards Track [Page 26]RFC 2616 HTTP/1.1 June 1999Note that some older HTTP applications do not recognize media typeparameters. When sending data to older HTTP applications,implementations SHOULD only use media type parameters when they arerequired by that type/subtype definition.Media-type values are registered with the Internet Assigned NumberAuthority (IANA [19]). The media type registration process isoutlined in RFC 1590 [17]. Use of non-registered media types isdiscouraged.3.7.1 Canonicalization and Text DefaultsInternet media types are registered with a canonical form. Anentity-body transferred via HTTP messages MUST be represented in theappropriate canonical form prior to its transmission except for"text" types, as defined in the next paragraph.
Page 2: eferred to as "HTTP/1.1", and is an
Page 5 and 6: 12.1 Server-driven Negotiation ....
Page 7 and 8: 14.40 Trailer .....................
Page 9 and 10: 1.2 RequirementsThe key words "MUST
Page 12 and 13: Fielding, et al. Standards Track [P
Page 14 and 15: equest chain ----------------------
Page 16 and 17: Elements separated by a bar ("|") a
Page 18 and 19: HTTP/1.1 header field values can be
Page 20 and 21: An application that sends a request
Page 22 and 23: 3.2.3 URI ComparisonWhen comparing
Page 26 and 27: is not desirable and is discouraged
Page 30 and 31: When in canonical form, media subty
Page 32 and 33: 3.9 Quality ValuesHTTP content nego
Page 34 and 35: RFC 2616 HTTP/1.1 June 1999HTTP/1.1
Page 36 and 37: message-body = entity-body| Transfe
Page 38 and 39: in advance.Messages MUST NOT includ
Page 40 and 41: equested resource, and 501 (Not Imp
Page 42 and 43: names) MUST use the following rules
Page 44 and 45: values for the first digit:- 1xx: I
Page 48 and 49: how the transfer-length of a messag
Page 50 and 51: connection-token close.If either th
Page 52 and 53: idempotent (see section 9.1.2). Non
Page 54 and 55: compatibility with RFC 2068, a serv
Page 56 and 57: If at any point an error status is
Page 58 and 59: optional features implemented by th
Page 60 and 61: - Extending a database through an a
Page 62 and 63: intervention (or other means) on th
Page 64 and 65: 10.1.2 101 Switching ProtocolsThe s
Page 66 and 67: esponse MAY include new or updated
Page 70 and 71: The response MUST include the follo
Page 72 and 73: If the client is sending data, a se
Page 74 and 75: If the response could be unacceptab
Page 76 and 77: 10.4.15 414 Request-URI Too LongThe
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10.5.5 504 Gateway TimeoutThe serve
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Fielding, et al. Standards Track [P
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Caching would be useless if it did
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Warning (but without removing any e
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If the user has overridden the basi
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in the past. This means that the re
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RFC 2616 HTTP/1.1 June 1999the time
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simple:response_is_fresh = (freshne
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match.In HTTP/1.1, a conditional re
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validators or strong validators. Cl
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- MAY send a weak entity tag instea
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Unless specifically constrained by
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warn-code 1xx, which are deleted ev
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for the associated entity, its enti
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- DELETE- POSTIn order to prevent d
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The Accept request-header field can
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image/jpeg = 0.5text/html;level=2 =
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Note: If the request does not inclu
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Accept-Ranges: bytesbut are not req
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containing an Authorization field,
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- Restrictions on what may be store
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improve privacy in some cases, we c
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must-revalidateBecause a cache MAY
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understand.For example, consider a
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new coding is known to be acceptabl
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14.14 Content-LocationThe Content-L
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Note: while the definition of Conte
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server SHOULD return them in the or
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Some origin server implementations
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Expires = "Expires" ":" HTTP-dateAn
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A client MUST include a Host header
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een modified since the date given b
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RFC 2616 HTTP/1.1 June 1999If none
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14.29 Last-ModifiedThe Last-Modifie
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MAY require that behavior be consis
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yte-ranges-specifier = bytes-unit "
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Content) instead of 200 (OK).- The
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The TE request-header field indicat
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a cache cannot determine from the r
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SHOULD NOT, by default, forward the
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this user agent behavior in mind.Re
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designers and implementors be parti
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strongly correlated to the membersh
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serious security considerations. Co
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The HTTP protocol has evolved consi
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Protocol -- HTTP/1.0", RFC 1945, Ma
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Implementation and Analysis", RFC 1
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University of California, IrvineIrv
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Notes:1) Additional CRLFs may prece
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full compliance with the MIME proto
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ead chunk-size and CRLF}read entity
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- understand any valid response in
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CREATE had a race that required an
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also needed to be a general header,
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Network Working Group R. Fielding Request for Comments: 2616 ...

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