ARDX-experimenters-g.. - Oomlout

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CIRC-11.:Larger Loads:..:Relays:.What We’re Doing:The final circuit is a bit of a test. We combine what we learnedabout using transistors in CIRC03 to control a relay. A relay isan electrically controlled mechanical switch. Inside the littleplastic box is an electromagnet that, when energized, causes aswitch to trip (often with a very satisfying clicking sound). You can buy relays that vary in sizefrom a quarter of the size of the one in this kit up to as big as a fridge, each capable ofswitching a certain amount of current. They are immensely fun because there is an element ofthe physical to them. While all the silicon we've played with to this point is fun sometimes youjust want to wire up a hundred switches to control something magnificent. Relays give you theability to dream it up then control it with your Arduino. Now to using todays technology tocontrol the past. (The 1N4001 diode is acting as a flyback diode for details on why its there visit: http://tinyurl.com/b559mx)The Circuit:Parts:CIRC-11Breadboard sheetx12 Pin Headerx4TransistorP2N2222AG (TO92)x1Relay(DPDT)x12.2k Ohm ResistorRed-Red-Redx1560 Ohm ResistorGreen-Blue-Brownx1Green LEDx1Red LEDx1Diode(1N4001)x1Schematic:resistor(2.2kohm)Arduinopin 2BaseTransistorP2N2222AGNONCcomCollectorcoilEmitterDiode(flyback)the transistor will haveP2N2222AG printed on it(some variations will havethe pin assignment reversed)+5 voltsgnd(ground) (-)The Internet.:download:.breadboard layout sheethttp://tinyurl.com/cxpvgq..:view:.assembling videohttp://tinyurl.com/chf7rx28
Code (no need to type everything in just)File > Sketchbook > Examples > Digital > Blink(example from the great arduino.cc site check it out for other great ideas)CIRC-11/** Blink** The basic Arduino example. Turns on an LED on for one second,* then off for one second, and so on... We use pin 13 because,* depending on your Arduino board, it has either a built-in LED* or a built-in resistor so that you need only an LED.** http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Blink*/int ledPin = 2; // *********** CHANGE TO PIN 2 ************void setup()// run once, when the sketch starts{pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // sets the digital pin as output}void loop(){digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);delay(1000);digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);delay(1000);}// run over and over again// sets the LED on// waits for a second// sets the LED off// waits for a secondNot Working? (3 things to try)Nothing HappensNo Clicking SoundThe example code uses pin 13The transistor or coil portion ofand we have the relaythe circuit isn't quite working.connected to pin 2. Make sureCheck the transistor is pluggedyou made this change in thein the right way.code.Not Quite WorkingThe included relays aredesigned to be soldered ratherthan used in a breadboard. Assuch you may need to press itin to ensure it works. (and itmay pop out occasionally)Making it BetterControlling a MotorIn CIRC-03 we controlled a motor using a transistor.However if you want to control a larger motor a relay is agood option. To do this simply remove the red LED, andconnect the motor in its place (remember to bypass the560 Ohm resistor)Controlling Motor DirectionA bit of a complicated improvement to finish. To controlthe direction of spin of a DC motor we must be able toreverse the direction of current flow through it. To do thismanually we reverse the leads. To do it electrically werequire something called an h-bridge. This can be doneusing a DPDT relay to control the motor's direction, wireup the following circuit.DPDT RelayH-BridgeToyMotorresistor (2.2kohm)(red-red-red)NOIt looks complicated but can be accomplished using onlya few extra wires. Give it a try.NCcomCollectorcoilBase+5 voltsgnd(ground) (-)Arduinopin 2TransistorP2N2222AGEmitterDiode(flyback)More, More, More:More details, where to buy more parts, where to ask more questions.http://tinyurl.com/cfagqn29
Page 1 and 2: (ARDX)arduino experimentation kitAr
Page 3 and 4: .: Where to Find Everything :.TBCNt
Page 5 and 6: .: Installing the IDE :.This is the
Page 7 and 8: .:For a full programming reference
Page 9 and 10: Component Details (cont.)Piezo Elem
Page 11 and 12: Code (no need to type everything in
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