KARDÄ°YORESPÄ°RATUVAR EGZERSÄ°Z TESTLERÄ° ... - Spor Bilim

7.ULUSLARARASI SPOR BİLİMLERİ KONGRESİ27-29 EKİM 2002KONGRE - PANELLERTwenty three national team members (mean age 16.1 ± 0.4 years, stature 1.71 ± 0.045 m and body mass65.8 ± 5.1 kg), in Portugal were studied by Garganta et al. (1993). Performance tests included a 4 x 5.5 mshuttle run, a standing vertical jump and a counter-movement jump. The elite players were superior in all thetests compared with a group of regional players. The somatotype of the elite players (2.3 ± 0.5 – 4.9 ± 0.7 – 2.5± 0.5) demonstrated their superior muscular make-up even at age 16. Leatt et al. (1987) reported a broadlysimilar pattern in Canadian young players, concluding that elite young football players have a somewhat aboveaverage height and mass, strong leg extensor muscles (particularly at high speeds of movement), a goodvertical jump and flexible hip joints. There was some evidence of selection by lean body mass in the under-16sand the additional muscle mass observed in the under-18s was attributed to prolonged training, possibly withspecific development of the fast-twitch muscle fibres.5. A Multivariate ApproachAny identification of physical and mental attributes necessary for success in sports is likely to be limited invalue unless complemented by information about proficiency in the skills of the game. For this reason anymultifactorial battery of tests for supporting the talent identification process should include assessment ofessential soccer skills. Tests for passing, shooting, controlling and dribbling the ball have been identified byReilly and Holmes (1983) as the principal components in assessment of skilled play.A multivariate approach towards testing for talented players was adopted by Reilly et al. (2000b). Theiraims were to i) design and apply a multivariate test battery for assessing talent in young soccer players and ii)determine the capability of distinguishing elite from sub-elite young players on the basis of such a test battery.Thirty one (16 elite, 15 sub-elite) young players matched for chronological age (15-16 years) and bodysize were studied. Test items included anthropometric (15), physiological (8), psychological (3) and soccerspecific skills (2) tests. Variables were split into separate groups according to somatotype, body composition,body size, speed, endurance, performance measures, technical skill, anticipation, task and ego orientation, andanxiety for purposes of univariate and multivariate analysis of variance and stepwise discriminant functionanalysis. The most discriminating of the measures were agility, sprint time, ego orientation and anticipation skill.The elite players were also significantly leaner, possessed superior aerobic power values (9.0 ± 1.7 vs. 55.5 ±3.8 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ) and a higher tolerance of fatigue (P