Microbial Genetics Microbial Genetics

Microbial GeneticsI. Structure and function of DNA and genesII. Gene expression in bacteriaIII. Mutation and variationIV. Horizontal gene transfer in bacteria

cleotides of of __________________ ___________ (RNA

Nucleotides of of ____________________ Acid (DNA)Note the numbering of the carbon atoms

“Growth” (__________________________) of of asingle DNA strand5’3’5’5’3’3’Note: this is __________But RNA alsopolymerizes like t

___________” arrangement of of the the two strands of of a DNA molec5’ end3’ end3’ end5’ end

The ‘base’ component of a nucleotide -- --________________AdenineAGuanineG

The ‘base’ component of a nucleotide -- --_________________CytosineCThymineTUracilU

or _______Note that this is ribose. . What would deoxyadenosinetriphosphate (dATP)) look like?

The amount of adenine = the amount of___________ and the amount of cytosine = theamount of ____________ in a cell

DNA Secondary StructureSee text, Fig. 9.4

Overview

DNA replication

Replication of the bacterial ________________

DNA Replication -- First Steps

DNA Replication -- -- First Steps (cont)

DNA structure and replication

Flow of genetic information in cells

Information processing in _____________

Information processing in _____________

Text, Fig. 9.18

Promoter region -- where RNA polymerase bindsto initiate _____________________One gene ---> one _______________

DNAranscription

Transcription Animationhttp://www.microbelibrarymicrobelibrary.org/ .org/FactSheet.asp?SubmissionID=378

Text, Fig. 9.13

Text, Fig. 9.13

Text, Table 9.3

Translation: tRNA________________ RNA (tRNA(tRNA)

Prokaryotic TranslationAnimationhttp://www.microbelibrarymicrobelibrary.org/ .org/FactSheet.asp?SubmissionID=379

Translation: the ribosome

Translation: _______________

Translation: Elongation (cont.)

Translation: Elongation (cont.)

Translation

Text, Fig. 9.17

Replication problemve the sequence of the strand replicated from thefollowing strand:- GTT ATT CCC GTA ATC GGC TAG - 3’swer:- __________________________________ - 5’hich direction relative to the original strand, left orright, would the polymerase move as it makes thisstrand?swer: _____________

Transcription Problemssume that the strand just produced is the sense strand(the strand encoding the mRNA):’- CAA TAA GGG CAT TAG CCG ATC - 5’hat would be the sequence of the mRNA transcript ofthis portion of the gene? Be sure and include 5’-3’orientation.nswer:____________________________________

Translation problemTranslate your transcript using the following codon table

’- GUU AUU CCC GUA AUC GGC UAG - 3’nswer:____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____

Problemere is a portion of the sense strand of a gene:5’ – T A C C G A C C T T T G A G A A C T T G A – 3’) What would be the sequence of the strand which is replicatedfrom this strand (be sure to note the 5’-3’ orientation of thestrand)?) Which direction would the DNA polymerase move as itreplicates this (sense) strand:a. Right) What would be the sequence of the mRNA transcript of thisportion of the gene (include orientation)?) Translate using the codon table.