Packed Bed flooding.pdf - Youngstown State University's Personal ...

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(“Fluiddynamik von Kolonnen mit Modernen Füllkörpern und Packungen für Gas/Flüssigkeitssysteme, Otto Salle Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, and Verlag Sauerländer, Aarau, 1991), and by Mersmann and Deixler [Chem. Ing. Tech. 58(1), 19 (1986)] apply to second- and third-generation random packings as well as to some structured packings. Stichlmair and Fair (Distillation Principles and Practice, Wiley- VCH, New York, 1998) show that liquid holdup is primarily a function of the liquid Froude number, specific surface area of the packing, and physical properties. They recommend the correction by Engel, Stichlmair, and Geipel [Ind. Eng. Chem. Symp. Ser. 142, 939 (1997)]. EQUIPMENT FOR DISTILLATION AND GAS ABSORPTION: PACKED COLUMNS 14-77 (a) (b) (c) FIG. 14-70 Flashing feed and vapor distributors. (a) Bare nozzle. (b) Rounded V baffle. (c) Peripheral flash box—the box extends right around the tower wall, with the collected liquid descending via downpipes to a liquid distributor below. (d) Gallery distributor—the feed enters the gallery area (upper plate). (Parts a–c, courtesy of Sulzer Chemtech; part d, courtesy of Koch-Glitsch LP.) U 2 Lap (d) µ 2 La 3 p σa 2 p 1/6 hLo = 0.93� � � � 1/10 � � 1/8 � � �� 2 g ρLg 1000ρLg (14-165) where hLo = liquid holdup, fractional UL = liquid superficial velocity, m/s ap = packing specific surface area, m2 /m3 g = acceleration due to gravity, m/s µ L = liquid viscosity, kg/(m⋅s) σ=surface tension, mN/m The Engel, Stichlmair, and Geipel correlation applies only in the preloading regime. The packing geometry is represented in the
14-78 (a) (b) (c) FIG. 14-71 High-velocity flashing feed and vapor distributors. (a) Vapor horn. (b) Radial vane distributor. (c) Schoepentoeter. (Parts a, b, courtesy of Koch-Glitsch LP; part c, courtesy of Sulzer Chemtech.)
Page 1 and 2: Previous Page 14-58 EQUIPMENT FOR D
Page 3 and 4: 14-60 TABLE 14-13 Characteristics o
Page 5 and 6: 14-62 EQUIPMENT FOR DISTILLATION, G
Page 19: 14-76 EQUIPMENT FOR DISTILLATION, G
Page 43 and 44: 14-100 EQUIPMENT FOR DISTILLATION,
Page 71 and 72:
14-128 EQUIPMENT FOR DISTILLATION,
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