physical setting earth science

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Base your answers to questions 42 through 46 on the two tables below and on your knowledge of Earth<strong>science</strong>. Table 1 shows the composition, hardness, and average density of four minerals often used as gemstones.Table 2 lists the minerals in Moh’s Scale of Hardness from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest).Table 1Gemstone Mineral Composition HardnessAverage Density(g/cm 3 )emerald Be 3 Al 2 (Si 6 O 18 ) 7.5– 8 2.7sapphire Al 2 O 3 9 4.0spinel MgAl 2 O 4 8 3.8zircon ZrSiO 4 7.5 4.7KEYAl = aluminum O = oxygenBe = beryllium Si = siliconMg = magnesium Zr = zirconiumTable 2Moh’s Scaleof Hardness1 talc2 gypsum3 calcite4 fluorite5 apatite6 feldspar7 quartz8 topaz9 corundum10 diamond42 Part of a gemstone’s value is based on the way the gemstone shines in reflected light.The way a mineral reflects light is described as the mineral’s(1) fracture (3) luster(2) hardness (4) streakP.S./E. Sci.–Jan. ’06 [14]
43 Sapphire is a gemstone variety of which mineral on Moh’s scale of hardness?(1) corundum (3) fluorite(2) diamond (4) topaz44 If the mass of a spinel crystal is 9.5 grams, what is the volume of this spinel crystal?(1) 0.4 cm 3 (3) 5.7 cm 3(2) 2.5 cm 3 (4) 36.1 cm 345 The hardness and density of each gemstone is based primarily on the gemstone’s(1) internal arrangement of atoms (3) oxygen content(2) geologic time of formation (4) natural abundance46 Which gemstone minerals contain the two most abundant elements by mass inEarth’s crust?(1) emerald and spinel (3) sapphire and spinel(2) emerald and zircon (4) sapphire and zirconP.S./E.Sci.–Jan. ’06 [15] [OVER]
Page 1 and 2: PS/EARTH SCIENCEThe University of t
Page 3 and 4: 6 At which New York State location
Page 5 and 6: Base your answers to questions 24 a
Page 7 and 8: 31 The cross section below shows la
Page 9 and 10: 34 The three statements below are o
Page 11 and 12: 38 Which map shows the regions that
Page 13: 40 The changing location of the pin
Page 17 and 18: 50 Which map best shows the surface
Page 19 and 20: Base your answers to questions 53 t
Page 21 and 22: Part CAnswer all questions in this
Page 23 and 24: Base your answers to questions 74 t
Page 25: Base your answers to questions 81 t
Page 28: PS/EARTH SCIENCETear HereTear HereP

physical setting earth science

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