TIPS Pietrobelli IND POLICY Gaborone 9 Dec 2008.pdf

INITIAL LEARNING1978­85from 50 tons to 900t.price: US$ 9­10/kgMATURING1986­1995from 1,350 t. to 143,000t.price: US$ 4­5/kgGLOBALISATION1996­2003from 150,000 t. to 400,000 t.price: US$ 2.8­4.5/kgPublic policies• regulation• transfer oftechnology• investment andpre­competitiveresearch• Physicalinfrastructure• promotion andmarketing (missions)• innovation andtechnologydevelopment ofsuppliers (cages,nets, food)• environmental handling• increase of productivity andtransfer of technology(technology missions)• biotechnology (diseasesand genetic handling)Type of companywithin theclusterSMEsSMEs withPresence of foreign groupsLarge enterprises (integration andconcentration), some TNCs.Type ofsupplyingcompanyFew and precarious.Companies seek selfsufficiencyMajor outsourcing, localcompanies gainprofessionalismSpecialized local SMEsLarge presence of highly specializedTNCsExternalitiesSocial capital –setting“Demonstration effect”Pioneering public andprivate effortsSource: Maggi in Pietrobelli and Rabellotti, 2007.Access to suppliersCritical mass achievedAssociative will betweenproducersDissemination of good practicesProductive system inserted in a globalproduction chain – commercializationc.pietrobelli@uniroma3.itCREI, University Roma Tre