TIPS Pietrobelli IND POLICY Gaborone 9 Dec 2008.pdf

Table 2.2 Stages in the Life Cycle of the Salmon Cluster and Evolution of PolicyFrameworkINITIAL LEARNING1978­85from 50 tons to 900 t.price: US$ 9­10/kgMATURING1986­1995from 1,350 t. to 143,000t.price: US$ 4­5/kgGLOBALISATION1996­2003from 150,000 t. to 400,000 t.price: US$ 2.8­4.5/kgMain objectiveSurvival of the fishIncrease volume ofproductionIncrease productivityMarketDestinationProduct: fresh Pacificcoho (élite market)Pacific coho, frozen,mainly to JapanFillets and portions to the USmarket diversification: Japan, US,niches in Europe and emergingmarketsCommercialization channelsDirect sale andcooperativesBrokers, associativechannel of nationalproduction ­SalmoexportWholesalers (supermarkets)Strategic alliances or integrationwith final retailersTechnologicalchallengeExperimental fishfarmingKnow­how infatteningBackward linkages (fishfarming)Quality certificationIncreased productionscaleNational eggs production, Forwardlinkages (process), Salmondevelopment cycle, systems ofautomated control of water, light,etc., vaccines and food,Sustainability of the whole systemc.pietrobelli@uniroma3.itCREI, University Roma Tre