Common herbal plant in Uttarakhand, used in the popular medicinal ...

Available online on www.ijppr.comInternational Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 2011;3(3):64-73ISSN: 0975 4873Research ArticleCommon Herbal Plant in Uttarakhand, Used in The PopularMedicinal Preparation in AyurvedaRakhi Rawat* and D P VashisthaDepartment of Botany, H.N.B. Garhwal University (A Central University),Srinagar Garhwal- 246 174, Uttarakhand, IndiaABSTRACTA survey was conducted at different herbal drug stores in Uttarakhand, to list plants components ofvarious Ayurvedic formulations being sold. The list contained about 150 medicinal plants. The most notableamong them are Aconitum heterophyllum, Acorus calamus, Adhatoda zeylanica, Asparagus racemosus,Aleo barbadensis, Andrographis paniculata, Boerhavia diffusa, Bergenia ligulata, Callicarpa macrophylla,Cissampelos pareira, Eclipta prostrata, Evolvulus alsinoides, Hedychium spicatum, Picrorhiza kurrooa,Swertia chirayita, Oroxylum indicum, Plumbago zeylanica, Ricinus communis, Sida cordifolia, Solanumnigrum, Tribulus terrestris, Tinospora cordifolia, Valeriana jatamansi, Vitex negundo, Withania somniferaand Zanthoxylum armatum. The listed plants are given complete description viz, taxonomy, habitat, brandeddrug etc. It is also evident that few herbal plants : Acorus calamus, Aconitum hetrophyllum , Aeglemarmelos, Asparagus racemosus , Boerhavia diffusa, Callicarpa macrophylla, Eclipta prostrata, Gloriosasuperba, Hedychium spicatum, Oroxylum indicum, Picrorhiza kurrooa, Plumbago zylanica, Vitex negundoetc, are regular constituent of several medicines, while Amaranthus polygonum, Cinnamonum zylanicum,Coriandrum sativum, Solanum nigrum, Symplocos racemosa are used in preparation of specific drugs . Thepresent study assumes significance in selection of herbal plants recommended for cultivation andemphasizes herbal potential of Uttarakhand.Key words: Ayurvedic formulation, herbal plants, habit, medicinal demand.INTRODUCTIONUttarakhand Government since itsinception has projected itself as a herbal state inrecognized for its inherited rich biodiversity andethnic herbal traditions. In view of increasing globalpopularity of herbal medicinal, cultivation of herbalplants to ensure constant supply can be an importantalternate source of economy in the state. Recentlythe state Government has introduced severalincentives for the popularization of cultivation ofherbs. However, the various efforts may go fruitlessunless a scientific and systematic study isundertaken to support the Government efforts. Thechoice of right plant selected for cultivation wouldbe a crucial step. The flora of Garhwal has beenalready extensively explored by several botanists(Gaur1999; Naithani 1984-85; Bawa 1993; Bhatt etal 2007). It comprises about 18000 plants species.Further, the perusal of available herbal reports(CIMAP report) revealed that as many as 1784species are having some medicinal uses.Recommending this seemingly large number ofplants would be impracticable and considerablediscretion would have to be applied for selecting aherb for cultivation. However, the accumulatedliterature remains clueless about the selection andpreference of economic cultivable herbal plants.Therefore, it is essential to undertake a study toenlist of various herbal plants actually used inpopular herbal medicines being presently marketedto ascertain the medicinal and economic value ofindividual plants.In present paper a comprehensive list ofmedicinal plants is presented in view of theirmedicinal demand and their availability inUttarakhand .Fig: 1*Author for CorrespondenceE-Mail: drrakhi.rawat@gmail.com

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……Some prominent Plants of UttarakhandWoodfordia fruiticosaAzadirachta indicaWithania somniferPlumbago zeylanicaLawsonia albaMATERIAL AND METHODSA survey was undertaken of different drugstores selling herbal product in Uttarakhand andcomprehensive list of the herbal component ofvarious Ayurvedic drugs was prepared. Each herbalplant, noted as component of particular brandeddrug prescribed for particular remedy, was givencomplete taxonomic identification and habit andhabitat details by consulting taxonomical literatureand flora of the region viz. Flora of the DistrictGarhwal North WestBoerhavia diffusaHimalaya ,with ethnobotanical notes,(Gaur1999),Flora of Chamoli (Naithani 1984-85), Flora ofKumaon (Osmastone 1927).Every plant wasprovided with details such as botanical name,family,vernacular name and habit. Notes were alsoprepared on the medicinal used plants part andAyurvedic medicine prepared from them.RESULT AND DISCUSSIONObservation of different popular herbalprescription drugs have revealed that less than 150IJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 65

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……Table.1: characterizing the herbal constituents of popular Ayurvedic drugs, summary details in the text.Botanical nameParts use Habit Ayurvedic FormulationLocal name (Family)1 Abies pindrow Royle Bark Tree VigrollRaga (Pinaceae)2 Abrus precatorious L.Ratti (Fabaceae)Seed androotsClimber Tranquil3 Abutilon indicum (L.)Atibalaa (Malvaceae)4 Achillea millefolium LMomoduru (Asteraceae)Fruit,leaves,bark, seedand rootsShrub DiabeconWhole plant Herb Geriforte, Bonnisan, Liv-525 Achyranthes aspera LApamarga (Amarantacaea)Roots andleavesHerbCystone, Nefrotec6 Acorus calamus L.Vacha (Araceae)7 Aconitum heterophyllumwall.ex. RoyleAtis (Ranunculaceae)8 Acacia catechu ( L.F.) WilldKher (Mimosaceae)9 Acacia nilotica (L.)DelileBabool (Mimosaceae)10 Adhatoda zeylanica Medic.Vasaka (Acanthaceae)11 Aegle marmelos (L.) CorreaBael (Rutaceae)12 Asparagus racemosus WilldSatawari (Liliaceae)13 Aleo barbadensis (Miller)Kumari (Liliaceae)14 Alternanthera sessilis (L)Matsyakshi (Amaranthaceae)15 Allium cepa LPiaze (Alliaceae)16 Allium sativum LLasuna (Alliaceae)17 Amaranthus polygamus acut.non.LChuali (Amaranthaceae)18 Andrographis paniculataWall. ex.NeesKalmegh (Acanthaceae)19 Anethum sowa Roxb.exFlemingSowa (Apiaceae)20 Argyrcia nervosa (Burm.f.)Vriddadaru(Convolvulaceae)21 Azadirachta indica A. JussNeem (Meliaceae)Rhizomes Herb Chandraprabha vati,Sanjivani vati, Saraswat churn,Ashwagandharista, Laghu vishgarbha tel,Abana tebles, Sumento , Pigmento,Mentat, Alarsin, M 2 -Tone.Roots Herb Agnikumar ras, Anand bhairavras,Pushyanug churn, Ativisha churn,Chandraprabha vati.Wood bark Tree PigmntoBark Tree Diarex, Evecare, Dental cream(Himalaya)Leaves, Shrub Vasakamadu, Vasavaleha, Vasakasva,rootsKasni, Kankasava Livomyn, M 2 -Tone,Fruit, rootsbarkTreeStyplon, Diakof, Geriforte.Bilvadi kwath, Bilava churn, Bilvamajjadiyog, Dasamoo -larist, Tentexforte, Lukol, Diarex, Sumento (Tablets).Roots Shrub Femiplex, Neo, M 2- Tone, Ojus,Himaplasia, Tentex Geriforte, Lukol,Renalka.Leaves Herb Livomyn, Pigmento, Livosyp, Diabecon,Herbolax, ReostraLeaf Herb ClarinaWhole plant Herb Neo, Gerifortbulb Herb Appentonic fote, LesunaLeaves Herb FemiplexWhole plant Herb Livomyn, Pigmento , Hepatogard, Purim,TalektLeaves Herb Vomiteb, Mental, Himacospaze,Bonnisan, Abana.Whole plant Climber Confido, Gerifort, Steman, Tentx forteLeaves,wood ,TreeLivosyp, Hepatogard, PilexIJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 66

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……44 Cyperus rotundus L.Motha (Cyperaceae)45 Datura stramonium L.Dhatura (Solanaceae)46 Daucus carotaL.Gajar (Apiaceae)47 Didymocarpus pedicellataR.BrShilapuspha (Gesneriaceae)48 Dioscorea bulbifera L.Genthi (Dioscoreaceae)49 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.Bhringraja (Asteraceae )50 Elettaria cardamomum MatonElaechi (Zingiberaceae)51 Emblica officinalis Gaertn.Amla (Euphorbiaceae)52 Embelia ribes Burm.f.Vidanga (Myrsinaceae)53 Ephedra gerardiana Wall ex.Stopf.Tutgautha (Ephedraceae)54 Eucalyptus globules Labill.Lyptus (Myrtaceae)55 Eugenia jambolana.LamJamun (Myrtaceae)56 Evolvulus alsinoides L.Sankhpuspi (Convolulaceae)57 Ficus caraca L.Fig (Moraceae)58 Ficus glomerata Roxb., Pl.CoromGular (Moraceae)59 Ficus benghalensis (Linn)Bargad (Moraceae)60 Foeniculum vulgare MillSanuf (Apiaceae)61 Fumaria indica (Haussk.)PugsleyPit papra (Fumariaceae)62 Gaultheria fragrantissimaWallJalan-thrait (Ericaceae)63 Gloriosa superba L.KalihariLiliaceae64 Glycyrrhiza glabra L.Muleti (Fabaceae)TuberousrootsHerb PigmentoLeaves, Herb Kankasava, Maha laxmi vilas ras,floweringAsthma relief Alarex, Spasmolintops andseedsSeed Herb Lip balm, OxitardLeaf Herb Cystone, NefrotecRoots Herb Chayavanpras, Mahamash tel, Narsinghtel, Grabbdharin vati,Whole Herb Bhringrajasava, Sutsekherras Anandplantsbhairas ras,Acidocid syrup, GeriforteMahabhringraj tel, Gandhak rasayana,Livomyn, Neo, Ojus, M 2 - tone,Hepatogard.Seed Herb Abana, Bonnisan,, Geriforte, Kofletlozenge, Luol, Mentat, Renalka,Anxocare, Digyton, Bresol,ChyavanaprashaFruit Tree Amlaki churn, Triphala chrn, TriphalaSeed , fruitand barkShrubghrit, Brahmi amla tel, Fresh fruit pulpAbana, Diakof, Mentat, Purim, Talekt,Dental cream (Himalaya), Anxocare,Appetonic forte,Stem Shrub Som kalp, Swankalp.Leaf, barkand, oilTree Cold balm (Himalaya), Erina, SavonBark and Tree M 2 -ToneseedWhole plant Herb SumentoFruit andlatexFruit, Barkand rootsTreeTreeRefreshing fruit pack (Himalaya)Femiplex.Fruits,barks andleavesTree M 2 -ToneWhole plant Herb Abana, Mentat, Anxocare, Galactin,Hiora-mouthwashWhole plant Herb Arvindasava,Chandrakala ras,Chandanasava, Mahasudorshan kwathLivomyn dropsLeaf andfruitRhizomesand seedsStem androotShrubRumalaya gel, Rumalaya liniment, Painbalm (Himalaya)Herb Mohavishgarbh tel, Nirundi tel,Rumalaya cream, Langali rasayan.HerbAbana, Diabecon, Diakof, Geriforte,Herbolax, Himcocid, Koflet,Menosan,Septillin, Rumalaya forte, Himpyrin,Regurin, Yastimadhu, Bleminor,65 Gmelina arborea Roxb Bark, ,root, Tree Diabecon, ChyavanparashIJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 68

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……Gambhari (Verbenaceae)66 Hedychium spicatum Ham.exsmithBanhaldi (Zingiberaceae)67 Hemidesmum indicus(L.)R.BrAnantamul (Asclepiadaceae)68 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.Gudehal (Malvaceae)69 Holarrhena antidysentericaWall. ex.A.DCKaru (Apocynaceae)70 Hygrophila auriculata(Schumach) HeineTalimkhana (Acanthaceae)71 Hyoscyamus niger L.Parasika yavani (Solanaceae)72 Hygrophila spinosa TTalimkhana (Acanthaceae)73 Hyssopus officinalis L.Jufa (Laminaceae)74 Juglans regia L.Akhrot (Juglandaceae)75 Lawsonia alba Lam.Mehandi (Lythraceae)76 Leptadenia reticulate (Retz.)Dori (Asclepiadaceae)77 Linum usitatissimum L.Atasi (Linaceae)78 Mangifera indicia L.Aam (Acanthaceae)79 Mallotus philippensis (Lamk.)Kmbhal (Euphorbiaceae)80 Melia azedarach L.Daikan (Meliaceae)81 Mentha arvensis L.Pudina (Mimosaceae)82 Mentha spiata LPahari pudina (Mimosaceae)83 Mimosa pudica L.Lajjalu (Mimosaceae)84 Moringa pterygospermaGaertnShigru (Morignaceae)85 Mucun pruriens (L.) DC.Kauch(Fabaceae)86 Myrica esculenta Ham.ex.D.Dun.Kaphal (Myricaceae)87 Nardostachys jatamansi DCJatamansi (Valerianaceae)88 Nelumbo nucifera GaertnKamal (Nelumbonaceae)flower andleafRhizomes Herb Shatyadi chrun, Dasamoolarista,Kankayan gutika, Vomiteb, Chikara,Lahmina,Jivahakalpa, Himanshu tel.Root Shrub Evecare, RenalkaFruit Shrub Erina plus,Barks andseedsRoot, leafand seedShrubHerbKutajarista, Kutajahan vati, Kutajawteharas, Karpur rasConfido, Lukol, Speman, Tentex royal,SpemanvetSeed Herb Muscle & Joint rub (Himalaya),Leaves,seeds androotsHerb Femiplex, CrushWhole plant Shrub Diakof, KofletLeaves ,stem barkand fruitsTree Amritpras ghrit , Dantasodhak, YavihLeaves Shrub FemiplexLeaf and Shrub Confido, Speman, Galactin,rootChyvanprasahaSeed Herb Canisep, ScavonFruits ,seeds andBarkTree M 2 -toneRipe fruits Tree Krimikuthar ras , Krimighatini vati,Leavesbarks andfruitsTreeKshisadi ghrit, Herbinol creamPigmentoLeaf Herb Rumalaya gel, Muscle & joint rub(Himalaya)Leaf Herb Muscle & joint rub (Himalaya)Root Herb Pilex, StyplonRoot Tree Septilin , Rumalaya, Pain massage oil(Himalaya), HimRop vet, HimfertinRoots andhairs onpodsBarks andfruitsClimberTreeKawanch pak, Kawanch churn, Kamdevghrit, Ashwagandha churn, Musli pak,Dhatupaustic churn, Agstya haritaka,Badam pak, Strenex, Tentax forte,Speman tab.Katphaladi churn, Purhyanug churn,Khadiradi gutika, Irimedadi tel,Brihatphal ghrit.Whole plant Herb Abana, Mentat, Rumalaya, AnxocareRhizome,flowers andHerbArvindasava, Pushyanug churn, Sarivadivati, drakshavleha.IJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 69

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……89 Nepeta hindostana (heyne exRoth)HainesBillilotin (Lamiaceae)90 Nerium odorum BlancKaner (Apocynaceae)91 Ocimum sanctum LTulsi (Lamiaceae)92 Onosma bracteatum WallBal-jari (Boraginaceae)93 Operculina turpethum(L)MansoTriputa (Convolvulaceae)94 Oroxylum indicum (L.) ventTantia (Bignoniaceae)95 Phyllanthus fraternus WebsterJarmala (Euphorbiaceae)96 Picrorhiza kurrooa Royle exBenth.Kutaki (Scrophulariaceae)97 Pinnus roxburghii SargChir (Pinaceae)98 Pistacia khinjuk Socks.Kakarsingi (Anacardiaceae)99 Plumbago zeylanica L.Chitrak (Plumbaginaceae)100 Polygonatum verticillatum (L)AllKantula (Liliaceae)101 Pongamia pinnata (L).Karanjua (Fabaceae)102 Pterocarpus marsupium RoxbBijesar (Fabaceae)103 Pueraria tuberosa (Roxb.Ex.Willd)Siralu (Fabaceae)104 Punica granatum L.Dadim (Punicaceae)105 Rauwolfia serpentine (L)Sarpgandha (Apocynaceae)106 Rheum australe D. DonChukri (Polygonaceae)107 Ricinus communis L.Arandi (Euphorbiaceae)108 Rubia cordifolia L.Majethi (Rubiaceae)109 Sapindus mukorossi GaertnRitha (Sapindaceae)seedWhole plant Herb AbanaLeaf androotShrub Inflamin vetWhole plant Herb Abana, Diabecon, Diakof, Koflet,Ophthacare, Rumalaya, Canisep,Scavonvet, Hiora-K-mouthwash, Bresol,DabeconRoot Herb Cyston, Diakof, Koflet, NefrotecRoot Climber HerbalaxRoot bark Tree Dasomoolarista, Dasamooll kwath,Pushyanug churn, Amritarista,Mahanarayan tel Chayavanpras etc.Whole plant Herb Chyavranpras, Swanshar kwath, Kashharkwath, Satpatradi churn, TonaliRhizomesand rootsLivomyn, Livomap (tab & syrup).Herb Arogyavardhi vati, Laxmi narayan ras,Mahayogray guggulu, Amritarista,Cruminillsyrup, Livertone,Carminex,Pigmeto, Livomyn, Hepatogard, CalcuryApimore ( Teb& tonic)Tree Rumalaya gel/ Rumalaya vet, Cold balm,Pain balm (Himalaya)Tree Shringyandi churn, Dashmularista,Kantakari Avaleha, ChyavanprasNokufcough, Kasni.Bark andresinLeaves,petiole andbranchesRoots Shrub Chitrakadi vati, Chitrak haritake, Chitrakghrit Mahasankh vati, Mahamritaunjayras, Pigmento, Liv-52, Alarsin, Vigiroll.Rhizomes Herb Chyavanpras, Triphala ghrit, Bramhrasayan, Mahanarayan telFlower andseedTree Erina plusGum leaf Tree Diabecon, Diabetes, Nourishing creamand flower(Himalaya)Tuber Shrub Vidari churn, Laxamivilasras, Narsingchurn, Ashwagandha churn, Saraswatista,Chyvanpras.Fruits Shrub Dadimastak churn, Dadimadi ghrit,Lavanbhaskar churn Eladi churn.Root Shrub Confido, Lukol, SerpiraRhizomesand rootsRoots, rootbark ,leaves andseedsRootsHerb Lavanbhaskar churn, Mahajwarankushras, Gurukulbal ghutti, Livertone,UteronolShrub Erand pak, Erand tel Balarista,Pradrantak lauh, Bishgorbh tel, Ciboliccapsules.ClimberherbFruits Tree Maha laxadi telMahamanjisthadyarista,Mahamanjisthadi ark, Manjisthadi tel,Mahanarayan tel, Ashwagandharista.IJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 70

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……110 Sarca asoca (Roxb.)Ashoka (Caesalpiniaceae)111 Shorea robusta Roxb. ex.Sal (Dipterocarpaceae)112 Sida cordifolia L.Balu (Malvaceae)113 Sphaeranthus indicus L.Mundi (Asteraceae)114 Spinaciae oleraceaPalak (Chenopodiaceae)115 Solanum nigrum L.Makoi (Solanaceae)116 Solanum surattense Burm. F.Kantakari (Solanaceae)117 Solanum anguivi Lamk.Kandyari (Solanaceae)118 Strychnos nux- vomica L.Kuchla (Loganiaceae)119 Symplocos racemosa RoxbLodhra (Symplocaceae)120 Swertia chirayita Roxb. ex.FlemingChiraita (Gentianaceae)121 Symplocos racemosa Roxb.Ladha (Symplocaceae)122 Tagetes minuta L.Jangali genda (Asteraceae)123 Taxus baccata auct. (Non L.)Thuner (Taxaceae)124 Tecomell undulate (D.Don)Rohitaka (Bignoniaceae)125 Terminalia bellirica (Gaerth.)Roxb.Bahera (Combretaceae)126 Terminalia chebula (Gertn.)RetxHarrd (Combretaceae)127 Terminalia arjuna (Roxb) ex.DCArjuna (Combretaceae)128 Tephrosia purpurea Pers.Pal (Fabaceae)129 Thalictrum foliolosum DC.Kirmuri (Ranunculaceae)130 Tribulus terrestris L.Gukhru (Zygophyllaceae)131 Trigonella foenumgraecum LBark andleafTree Evercare, MenosanLeaves and Tree Arshonyte forte.barkLeaves and Herb M 2 -TonerootsWhole plant Herb Geriforte, DiabeconLeaves and Herb ManollfruitsWhole plant Herb PigmentoWhole Herb Kantakariavleha, Kantakari ghrit,plantsVyaghiharitaki,Chyavanpras,Dasamoolarist, Dasamool kwathWhole plant Shrub Brahtyadi kwath, Dasamoolarista ,Dasamool kwath, Chyavanpras ,Mahasudarshan churn, Mahanarayan telSeed Tree Tentex forteBark Shrub Evercare, Styplon, HimfertinWhole plant Herb Pigmento and Diabacon.Bark andleavesShrub M 2 - ToneFlowering Herb Essential oiltopsLeaves and Tree Talisadi churn, Lavanbhaskar churn,barkSudarshan churn, KanksavaBark Shrub Liv-52Fruits Tree Triphala churn, Triphala kwath,Sanjivani vati, Kutajavaeleha, HerbotoneHepatogardFrits Tree Haritaki churn, Triphala churn, Agastgyharitaki aveleha, Abhyarista, Triphalaghrti, Chitrak, Haritaki, M 2 tone,Hepatogard, Ojus, Mentat, Liv-52 ,Herbolax Pilex, Menosan, Gerforte,AbanaBark Tree Sumenta, Mental, Menosan, Geriforte,Reosta, Liv-52 Mentat.Whole plant Herb Livomyn, PigmentoRoots Herb Surma (Yogi Pharmacy)Seeds Herb Manoll, CalcurySeed and Herb Foot cream (Himalaya), Revitalizing hairMethi (Fabaceae)fruitoil, Geriforte aqua, Immunol132 Tinspora cardifolia (Willd.)Hook FrGiloy (Menispermaceae)Stem Climber Giloy satva, Amritasava, Amritarista,Ashwaganda churn, Chandra, prabhaVati, Guduchi tel, Livonyn, Calcury,Pigmento Livosyp Dibecon,Mentat,Rumalaga Gasex, Geriforte, Liv-52. Diakof, Manoll, Apimare133 Valeriana jatamansi Jones. Rhizomes Herb Tagardi kwath, Chandana lodhrasava,IJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 71

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……Sumaya (Valeriancaceae)134 Vernonia cinerea(L) LessKalijiri (Asteraceae)135 Viola pilosa BlumeVanfsa (Violaceae)136 Vitex negundo L.Siwain (Verbenaceae)137 Vitis vinifera L.Angoor (Vitaceae)138 Withania somnifera (L.)DunalAswagandha (Solanaceae)139 Woodfordia fruiticosa (L.)Kurz (Luthraceae)androots lets140 Zanthoxylum armatum DC WholeTimroo (Rutaceae)plants141 Zingiber officinale RoscoeAadarak (Zingiberaceae)plants are being used in the herbal industry (Dabur,Himalaya, Charak) currently (Tab.1). The summeryof detailed results of the survey is presented in theappended table. It follows that plants such as :Aconitum heterophyllum, Acorus calamus,Adhatoda zeylanica, Asparagus racemosus, Aleobarbadensis, Andrographis paniculata, Boerhaviadiffusa, Bergenia ligulata, Callicarpa macrophylla,Cissampelos pareira, Eclipta prostrata, Evolvulusalsinoides, Hedychium spicatum, Picrorhizakurrooa, Swertia chirayita, Oroxylum indicum,Plumbago zeylanica, Ricinus communis, Sidacordifolia, Solanum nigrum, Tribulus terrestris,Tinospora cordifolia, Valeriana jatamansi, Vitexnegundo, Withania somnifera Zanthoxylumarmatum etc, some of the plants being used asherbal medicine. Among the listed plant being used,about 28% are tree, 22% are shrub, 45% are herband rest 7 % are climber (Fig.1). These plants haveutility in treating ailments ranging from fever,dysentery, carminative, asthma, epilepsy, bronchial,skin disease, diarrhea, aphrodisiac, constipation,ulcer, eczema, jaundice, kidney stone, rheumaticpain, urinary troubles, mental disorder, bronchialcough, hepatitis, piles, diabetes and cancer. Theplants such as: Aconitum heteroplyllum, Centellaasiatica, Hedychium spicatum, Picrorhiza kurrooa,Sapindus mukorossi, Swertia chirayita, Taxusbaccata, Valeriana jatamansi etc, appear vary highin demand in drug industry as they are being used inlargest number of the preparations. In case of highaltitude plant, Uttarakhand have exclusive andunique position, as it is a natural habitat for all highaltitude plant resources. It could be capitalized foreconomic benefit of the state.The present findings will prove to bebenchmark in shaping and formulating the policiesSarivadyasava, Chandrasekhar ras,Newrocardine, Nervoplex Mondovalerian,Neocardial liquid, Sumenta.Cystone, NefrotecLeaf, flower Herband seedWhole Herb Kafsina, Kofteb, Bans cough syrap,plantsCheston, Mehasudarsan ark.Leaves Shrub Nirgundi ghrit, Nirgundi kwath, Nirgundiroots andtel, Bishagarbh tel, Rumalagy cream,fruitsHimcolin cream.Whole plant Climber OjusRoots Shrub Asbwagandha churn, Ashwa gnadharasayan, Ashwagan dharista, Kamdevghrit, Chyaranpras, Phalaghrit Mahamashtel, Manoll, M 2 tone.Flowers Shrub Gangadher churn, Pushyanug churn,Abhyarista, Ashokarista, Arvidiasava,FemiplexShrub Bharmi Vati, Panchtikta guggula,Madusnhi rasayan, Dantmanjan.Rhizome Herb Livomyn, Vomitebon herb based trade and commerce. In the face ofrich repository of the biodiversity, the state ofUttarakhand can make its place in herbal trade andearn substantial economy. Out of the mostmarketable herbs, a sizable number are either nativeto Uttarakhand or can be successfully introduce inthe state. However, to preserve the biodiversity, thepromotion of herbal exploitation will have to beparalleled with the systematic introduction of herbalcultivation at large scale, which will avoid overindiscriminate exploitation and ensure constant andauthentic supply. The result of the above study willdecidedly guide the herbal trade and related activityin the state.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSGrant support from University Grant commissionNew Delhi, India is thankfully acknowledged.REFERENCES1. Bawa KS, Conservation of biodiversity in theHimalaya, a concluding remark and agenda foraction, In Himalayan biodiversity conservationstrategies in: (eds. U. Dhar) GBPHED Almora(1995) 529-535.2. Bhatt VP and Vashishta DP , Indigenous plantsin traditional healthcare system in Kedarnathvalley of Western Himalayan. Indian JTraditional Knowledge vol 7 no 2. (2007).3. CIMAP, Technical manual for Entrepreneurshipin cultivation and processing of medicinal andAromatic plants( 2004).4. Gaur RD, Flora of the District Garhwal, NorthwestHimalaya (With Ethonobotanical Notes).Transmedia Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand.(1999)IJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 72

Rakhi et.al. / Common Herbal Plant in……5. Naithani BD Flora of Chamoli (BSI. Hawrah)(1984-1985).6. Osmoston AE, A forest flora of Kumaon.(Government Press, Allahabad) 1927IJPPR September - November 2011, Volume 3, Issue 3(64-73) 73