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UNWTO, 9 July 2008 List of References 630 Shine, K. P. et al. (2005), ‘Scientific Issues in the Design of Metrics for Inclusion of Oxides of Nitrogen in Global Climate Agreements’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 102 (44), pp. 15768–15773. 631 Prather, M. and Sausen, R. (1999), ‘Potential Climate Change from Aviation’, in J. E. Penner et al. (eds.), Aviation and the Global Atmosphere: A Special Report of IPCC Working Groups I and III, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 185–215. 632 Sausen, R. et al. (2005), ’Aviation Radiative Forcing in 2000: An Update on IPCC (1999)’, Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 14 (4), pp. 555–561. 633 Becken, S. (2002), Energy use in the New Zealand tourism sector (Thesis), Lincoln University, Canterbury. 634 Dubois, G. and Ceron, J.-P. (2006), ‘Tourism/Leisure Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecasts for 2050: Factors for Change in France’, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 14 (2), pp. 172–191. 635 Gössling, S. (2002), Global Environmental Consequences of Tourism. 636 Peeters, P. et al. (2007b), ‘Major Environmental Impacts of European Tourist Transport’, Journal of Transport Geography, 15, pp. 83–93. 637 Ibid. 638 Ibid. 639 Ibid. 640 Peeters, P. et al. (2004), European Tourism, Transport and Environment, (Final Version), NHTV CSTT, Breda. 641 Kim, B. Y. et al. (2006 and 2005), System for Assessing Aviation’s Global Emissions (SAGE), Version 1.5, Global Aviation Emissions Inventories for 2000 through 2004, Federal Aviation Administration, Washington DC, (Online), available: http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/aep/models/sage/media/FAA-EE-2005-02__ SAGE-Inventory_Report-Text.pdf (14-12-2007). 642 Sausen, R. et al. (2005), Aviation Radiative Forcing in 2000: An Update on IPCC (1999). 643 Peeters, P. et al. (2007a), ‘Air Transport Greenhouse Gas Emissions’, in P. Peeters (ed.), Tourism and Climate Change Mitigation – Methods, Greenhouse Gas Reductions and Policies (pp. 29–50), NHTV Academics Studies, No. 6, NHTV, Breda University, Breda. 644 IPCC (2007a), The Physical Science Basis – Summary for Policymakers. 645 Becken, S. and Hay, J. E. (2007), Tourism and Climate Change: Risks and Opportunities. Channel View Publications. 646 Peeters, P. et al. (2007b), Major Environmental Impacts of European Tourist Transport. 647 Gössling, S. (2002), Global environmental consequences of tourism. Global environmental change part A, 12 (4), 283-302. 648 Becken, S. (2002), Energy use in the New Zealand tourism sector. Doctoral thesis Lincoln University New Zealand. 649 Gössling, S. (2002), Global environmental consequences of tourism. Global environmental change part A, 12 (4), 283-302. 650 UNWTO (2006), Tourism Market Trends: World Overview and Tourism Topics, (2005 Edition), UNWTO, Madrid, p. 36. 651 Sausen, R. et al. (2005), Aviation Radiative Forcing in 2000: An Update on IPCC (1999). 652 IPCC (2007a), The Physical Science Basis – Summary for Policymakers. 653 Lamers, M. and Amelung, B. (2007), ‘The Environmental Impacts of Tourism to Antarctica: A Global Perspective’, in P. Peeters (ed.), Tourism and Climate Change Mitigation: Methods, Greenhouse Gas Reductions and Policies, Breda: NHTV, Breda, pp. 51–62. 231
232 Climate Change and Tourism – Responding to Global Challenges 654 Gössling, S. et al. (2005), ‘The Eco-efficiency of Tourism’, Ecological Economics, 54(4), pp. 417–434. 655 Gössling, S. et al. (2007), Diving and Global Environmental Change: A Mauritius Case Study. 656 Calculated with the ‘Emissions calculator’ from www.atmosfair.de. 657 Byrnes, T. A. and Warnken, J. (2006), ‘Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Marine Tours: A Case Study of Australian Tour Boat Operators’, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 14(3), pp. 255–270. 658 UNWTO (2000), Tourism Vision 2020, Volume 7: Global Forecasts and Profiles of Market Segments, UNWTO, Madrid. 659 National Bureau of Statistics of China (2007), China Statistical Yearbook – 2006, (Online), available: http:// www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2006/indexee.htm (17-12-2007). 660 Federation of Hotel and Restaurant Association (2006), Department of Tourism Matters, India, (Online), available: http://www.fhrai.com/Mag-News/newsletDOT.asp (14-12-2007; not working). 661 UNWTO (2000), Tourism Vision 2020. 662 Peeters, P. et al. (2007b), Major Environmental Impacts of European Tourist Transport. 663 Peeters, P. M. and Middel, J. (2007), ‘Historical and Future Development of Air Transport Fuel Efficiency’, in: Sausen, R., Blum, A., Lee, D. S. and Brüning, C. (Eds.) Proceedings of an International Conference on Transport, Atmosphere and Climate (TAC); Oxford, United Kingdom, 26th to 29th June 2006, 42-47. Oberpfaffenhoven: DLR Institut für Physic der Atmosphäre. 664 Boeing (2006), Current Market Outlook 2006, Boeing Commercial Airplanes, Marketing, Seattle, (Online), available: http://www.boeing.com/commercial/cmo/pdf/CMO_06.pdf (14-12-2007). 665 Peeters, P. et al. (2004), European Tourism, Transport and Environment. 666 Jones, C. D. et al. (2006), ‘Impact of Climate-carbon Cycle Feedbacks on Emissions Scenarios to Achieve Stabilisation’, in J. Schellnhuber et al. (eds.), Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 323–331. Mitigation Policies and Measures 667 Becken, S. and Hay, J. (2007), Tourism and Climate Change – Risks and Opportunities. 668 Hanlon, P. (2007), Global Airlines: Competition in a Transnational Industry, (third edition), Butterworth- Heinemann, Oxford. 669 Penner, J. et al. (1999), Aviation and the Global Atmosphere: A Special Report of IPCC Working Groups I and III, Published for the IPCC, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 670 Peeters, P. and Middel, J. (2006), Historical and Future Development of Air Transport Fuel Efficiency. 671 Dalhuijsen, J. L. and Slingerland, R. (2004), ‘Preliminary Wing Optimization for very large Transport Aircraft with Wingspan Constraints’, 42nd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, 5–8 January 2004, AIAA, Reno. 672 Penner, J. et al. (1999), Aviation and the Global Atmosphere. 673 Dings, J. et al. (2000), ESCAPE: Economic Screening of Aircraft Preventing Emissions, (main report), Centrum voor Energiebesparing en Schone Technologie, Delft. 674 Green, J. E. (2003), ‘Civil Aviation and the Environmental Challenge’, The Aeronautical Journal, 107, pp. 281–299. 675 European Commission (2007), GALILEO European Satellite Navigation System, http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/energy_ transport/galileo/index_en.htm (14-12-2007). 676 French Environment and Energy Agency (ADEME) (2006), Bilan carbone. Calcul des facteurs d’émissions et sources bibliographiques utilisées, (version 4.0), ADEME, MIES, Paris. UNWTO, 9 July 2008
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