Climate Change and Tourism - UNEP - Division of Technology ...

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List of Tables Table 6.1 Emissions from global tourism in 2005 (including same-day visitors) ..................................... 33 Table 9.1 Major climate change impacts and implications for tourism destinations ............................... 61 Table 9.2 Projected changes in heating- and cooling degree days relative to 1961–1990 ...................... 63 Table 9.3 Portfolio of climate adaptations utilized by tourism stakeholders ............................................ 82 Table 9.4 Possible adaptation measures for tourism in small island countries and barriers to implementation .................................................................................................... 93 Table 9.5 Summary of possible adaptation strategies for natural and cultural heritage destinations ....... 95 Table 9.6 Adaptation measures in relation to tourism policy and barriers .............................................. 99 Table 9.7 Tourism vulnerability hotspots ................................................................................................ 100 Table 9.8 Relative level of regional knowledge on climate change and tourism .................................... 101 Table 10.1 Ranking of countries with highest and lowest proportional change in tourist arrivals with climate change in 2025 ..................................................................................... 104 Table 10.2 Regional changes in international departures and arrivals in 2050 ......................................... 105 Table 10.3 Socio-economic characteristics of IPCC SRES scenarios (2000) ............................................. 119 Table 11.1 Approximate tourism volumes, 2005...................................................................................... 123 Table 11.2 Emission factors for tourism transport modes in the EU context ............................................. 124 Table 11.3 Overview of estimated number of trips, distances and CO 2 emissions from tourism related transport, 2005 .............................................................................................. 127 Table 11.4 Average energy use by type of accommodation ...................................................................... 130 Table 11.5 Overview of estimated number of trips, guest nights and CO 2 emissions from tourism accommodation, 2005 ...................................................................................... 131 Table 11.6 Estimated emissions from global tourism (including same-day visitors), 2005 ........................ 132 Table 11.7 Approximation of trip volume and tourism transport emissions by region UNWTO, 9 July 2008 of origin and destination, 2005 .............................................................................................. 135 Table 11.8 Model assumptions: tourist arrivals and travel distance growth rates (average annual growth in %) between 2005 and 2035 .......................................................... 141 Table 11.9 Model assumptions: references for tourist arrivals and travel distance growth rates................. 142 Table 11.10 Model assumptions: efficiency changes .................................................................................. 142 Table 12.1 Modal mix for passenger transport (pkm) in selected countries for 2004 ................................ 153 Table 12.2 Comparison of market-based instruments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation ......................................................................................................................... 156 Table 12.3 Tourism certifications in Sweden, 2005 .................................................................................. 164
204 Climate Change and Tourism – Responding to Global Challenges Table A1.1 International tourist arrivals by generating region and destination region, 2005 ..................... 186 Table A1.2 International tourist trips by generating region and destination region, 2005 .......................... 187 Table A1.3 Arrivals by mode of transport, 2005 ....................................................................................... 188 Table A1.4 Arrivals by purpose of visit, 2005 ........................................................................................... 188 Table A1.5 Scheduled services of airlines of ICAO contracting states by ICAO statistical region of airline registration and non-scheduled traffic, 2005 ................................................. 189 Table A2.1 Overview of all input data and the sources used to designate values to them ......................... 192 Table A2.2 Assumptions for data by transport mode, trip number and distance based on expert estimates ................................................................................................................ 194 Table A2.3 Distance factor and final operational emission factor for the different air transport markets ................................................................................................................... 195 UNWTO, 9 July 2008
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