Climate Change and Tourism - UNEP - Division of Technology ...

138 Climate Change and Tourism – Responding to Global Challenges
Figure 11.10 Tourist trips and CO 2 emissions by air transport, 2005
UNWTO, 9 July 2008
Domestic Europe
Domestic Americas
Domestic Asia and the Pacific
Domestic Middle East
Domestic Africa
International within Europe
International within Americas
International within Asia and the Pacific
International within Middle East
International within Africa
Between regions short haul
Long haul from high income to developing
Long haul from developing to developing
Long haul from developing to high income
Long haul from high income to high income
2
8
2
6
2
7
1
5
17
42
39
22
37
40
41
10
20
9
5
24
40
Based on ICAO and IATA data the overall number of passenger kilometres are estimated for interregional
flights (i.e., between regions), however, no precise information is available for distances flown for
each traffic flow. For this reason, the average return distance flown is assumed equal for all four longhaul
flows to about 16,000 km. With respect to CO 2 emissions, this results in a total of 79 Mt for
travel from high-income source markets to destinations in developing countries, 70 Mt for travel from
high-income source markets to high-income destinations, 49 Mt for travel from developing source
markets to destinations in high-income countries and 9 Mt for travel from developing source markets
to destinations in developing countries. This is of interest, as it confirms that long-haul travel from the
high-income source markets causes a relevant share of emissions and the highest per trip emissions at
an average of 2.0 ton per trip. However, it should not be overlooked that a considerable part of this
traffic is to destinations in developing countries, where tourism receipts are a vital source of subsistence
and development.
49
35
66
70
79
CO 2 emissions (Mt) Trips (million)
123
127
126
272
0 50 100 150 200 250 300