7. Relati<strong>on</strong>ship am<strong>on</strong>g <str<strong>on</strong>g>climate</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>change</str<strong>on</strong>g>, <strong>poverty</strong>, ec<strong>on</strong>omic growth and sustainable development is multidimensi<strong>on</strong>al and complex. It is recognized in the scientific and negotiating community that <str<strong>on</strong>g>climate</str<strong>on</strong>g> <str<strong>on</strong>g>change</str<strong>on</strong>g> induced <str<strong>on</strong>g>impacts</str<strong>on</strong>g> will put additi<strong>on</strong>al challenges to many <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the Millennium Development Goals and targets in general, and <strong>poverty</strong> and hunger, and envir<strong>on</strong>mental sustainability in particular. It is revealed from the Nati<strong>on</strong>al Adaptati<strong>on</strong> Programme <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Acti<strong>on</strong> (NAPA) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bangladesh that different climatic elements will impact different sectors in a different scale by different geographical areas. <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> following table shows different climatic elements and their <str<strong>on</strong>g>impacts</str<strong>on</strong>g> by different regi<strong>on</strong>s and their link with different strategic blocks <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Poverty Reducti<strong>on</strong> Strategy Paper and Millennium Development Goals. Table 7.1: Climatic Elements, critical vulnerable areas and impacted sectors and Links with PRSP and MDGs Climate and Related Elements Temperature rise and drought Sea Level Riseand Salinity Intrusi<strong>on</strong> Floods Cycl<strong>on</strong>e and Storm Surge1 Drainage c<strong>on</strong>gesti<strong>on</strong> Critical Vulnerable Areas <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> Probable Impacts <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Climate Change <strong>on</strong> Poverty and Ec<strong>on</strong>omic Growth and the Opti<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Coping with adverse Effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Climate Change in Bangladesh Most Impacted Sectors Links with PRSP Links with MDGs North-west Agriculture (crop, livestock, fisheries) Water Energy Health Coastal Area Island Central Regi<strong>on</strong> North East Regi<strong>on</strong> Char land Coastal and Marine Z<strong>on</strong>e Coastal Area Urban South West Source: Modified from NAPA Bangladesh 7.1 Distributi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Poverty Agriculture (crop, fisheries, livestock) Water (water logging, drinking water, urban) Human settlement Energy Health Agriculture (crop, fisheries, livestock) Water (urban, industry) Infrastructure Human settlement Health Disaster Energy Marine Fishing Infrastructure Human settlement Life and property Water (Navigati<strong>on</strong>) Agriculture (crop) Strategic Block I, II, III, IV & V Strategic Block I, II, III, IV & V Strategic Block I, II, III, IV & V Strategic Block I, II, III, IV & V v - - Goal 1, 3 and 7 Goal 1, 3 and 7 Goal 1, 2, 3 and 7 Goal 1, 2, 3 and 7 Despite the recent macro ec<strong>on</strong>omic achievements, <strong>poverty</strong> is still pervasive and endemic in Bangladesh. According to the Household Expenditure Survey (HES) <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Bangladesh Bureau <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Statistics (BBS), using the most comm<strong>on</strong>place definiti<strong>on</strong>, about half <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the populati<strong>on</strong> could be c<strong>on</strong>sidered poor in the mid-1990s, while a quarter <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the populati<strong>on</strong> could be c<strong>on</strong>sidered extreme poor (WB, 1997). Am<strong>on</strong>g them, the bottom 10 percent <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> the populati<strong>on</strong> are steeped in severe deprivati<strong>on</strong> so much that they require substantial transfers to keep them from starvati<strong>on</strong> and to reach a level that is c<strong>on</strong>sidered micro-credit worthy (Farashuddin, 2001). Levels <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> <strong>poverty</strong> vary substantially across the country and str<strong>on</strong>g correlati<strong>on</strong> was found with spatial distributi<strong>on</strong> 61
62 <str<strong>on</strong>g>The</str<strong>on</strong>g> Probable Impacts <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Climate Change <strong>on</strong> Poverty and Ec<strong>on</strong>omic Growth and the Opti<strong>on</strong>s <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Coping with adverse Effect <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Climate Change in Bangladesh