sensuality (subj. & obj.): káma (q.v.).sensuous clinging: kámúpádána; s. upádána.sensuous craving: káma-tanhá (-rága), is one of the 10 fetters (samyojana, q.v.), and one ofthe 3 kinds of craving (tanhá, q.v.).sensuous sphere (-world): s. avacara, loka.serenity: s. samatha.seven rebirths at the utmost: s. sotápanna.sex: s. bháva.sexual intercourse, unlawful: s. kámesu micchácára.shame: hiri (q.v.).shamelessness: ahirika (q.v.).signless (animitta): s. ceto-vimutti, vimokkha, vipassaná.sikkhá: the 'training', which the Buddha's disciple has to undergo, is 3-fold: training inhigher morality (adhisíla-sikkhá), in higher mentality (adhicitta-sikkhá), and in higher wisdom(adhipaññá-sikkhá). This 3-fold training refers to the 3-fold division of the the 8-fold Path(magga, q.v.) in morality, concentration and wisdom (síla, samádhi, paññá). In D. 16 and A.IV,1it is said:"It is through not understanding, not penetrating noble morality ... noble concentration ...noble wisdom ... noble deliverance that I, as well as you, have had for such a long time to passthrough this round of rebirths.''"This then is morality, this concentration, this wisdom, this deliverance. Being endowed withmorality, concentration brings high fruit and blessing. Being endowed with concentration,wisdom hrings high fruit and blessing. Being endowed with wisdom, the mind becomes freedfrom all cankers (ásava q.v.) namely, from the sensuous canker (kámásava), from the cankerof existence (bhavasava) from the canker of opinions (ditthisava) from the canker ofignorance (avijjásava).sikkhápada: 'steps of training', moral rules.The 5 moral rules, also called pañca-síla which are binding on all <strong>Buddhist</strong> laymen, are: (1)abstaining from killing any living being, (2) from stealing, (3) from unlawful sexualintercourse, (4) from lying, (5) from the use of intoxicants.(s. surámeraya etc.)The 10 rules (dasa-síla) are binding on all novices and monks, namely: (1) abstaining fromkilling, (2) from stealing, (3) from unchastity, (4) from lying, (5) from the use of intoxicants,(6) from eating after midday, (7) from dancing, singing, music and shows, (8) from garlands,scents, cosmetics and adornments, etc., (9) from luxurious beds, (10) from accepting gold and
silver.In the 8 rules (attha-síla) which on full and new moon days, and on the first and last quarterof the moon, are observed by many lay-followers (upásaka, q.v.), the 7th and 8th of the above10 rules are fused into one as the 7th rule, while the 9th becomes the 8th.síla: 'morality', 'virtue', is a mode of mind and volition (cetana, q.v.) manifested in speech orbodily action (s. karma). It is the foundation of the whole <strong>Buddhist</strong> practice, and therewiththe first of the 3 kinds of training (sikkhá, q.v.) that form the 3-fold division of the 8-foldPath (s. magga), i.e. morality, concentration and wisdom.<strong>Buddhist</strong> morality is not, as it may appear from the negative formulations in the Sutta-texts,something negative. And it does not consist in the mere not committing of evil actions, but isin each instance the clearly conscious and intentional restraint from the bad actions inquestion and corresponds to the simultaneously arising volition.Morality of the 8-fold Path, namely, right speech, right action and right livelihood, is called'genuine or natural morality' pakatisíla), as distinguished from the external rules for monksor laymen, the so-called 'prescribed morality' (paññatti-síla, q.v.), which, as such, iskarmically neutral."What now is karmically wholesome morality (kusala-síla)? It is the wholesome bodily action(káya-kamma, s. karma), wholesome verbal action (vací-kamma, s. karma), and also the puritywith regard to livelihood which I call morality" (M. 78). Cf. magga, 3-5.For the 5, 8 and 10 rules, s. sikkhápada. Further cf. cáritta- and váritta-síla.The 4 kinds of morality consisting of purification (catupárisuddhi-síla) are: (1) restraint withregard to the monks' Disciplinary Code, (2) restraint of the senses, (3) purification oflivelihood, (4) morality with regard to the 4 requisites (of the monk) .(1) Restraint with regard to the Disciplinary Code (pátimokkha-samvara-síla)."Here the monk is restrained in accordance with the monks' Disciplinary Code, isperfect in conduct and behaviour, and perceiving danger even in the leastoffences, he trains himself in the rules he has taken upon him" (A . V, 87,109 ,114,etc. ) .(2) Restraint of the senses (indriya-samvara-síla). "Whenever the monk perceivesa form with the eye, a sound with the ear, an odour with the nose, a taste with thetongue, an impression with the body, an object with the mind, he neither adheresto the appearance as a whole, nor to its parts. And he strives to ward off thatthrough which evil and unwholesome things, greed and sorrow, would arise, if heremained with unguarded senses; and he watches over his senses, restrains hissenses" (M 38).(3) Purification of livelihood (ájíva-párisuddhi-síla). It consists therein that themonk does not acquire his livelihood in a way unbefitting to a monk.(4) Morality with regard to the 4 rcquisites (paccaya-sannissita-síla). It consists
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and technical terms in a Western la
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PTS Tr.SeriesM. Majjhima Nikáya (f
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perfectly clear and radiant colors
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acquired image (during concentratio
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endless space (anantákása), i.e.
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(4) "Or, without exertion he attain
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specific Buddhist doctrine, with wh
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holy life, the task is accomplished
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from stinginess, liberal, open-hand
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Once-Returner (Sakadágámi), the N
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ásava: (lit: influxes), 'cankers',
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(Cf. Dhs. 1280, 1282, 1284; Vibh. X
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A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I |
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(1) Karma-process (kamma-bhava), i.
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he takes of his own accord. He lead
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has gained and is developing the fa
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1. As an ethically neutral psycholo
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(q.v.).corporeality and mind: s. n
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voidness, boundless d. etc., s. cet
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Buddha, i.e. the 4 Noble Truths (sa
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11. living in a cemetery: susánik'
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(2) was taught by Púrana-Kassapa,
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dwellings: Suitable d. for monks; s
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equality-conceit: s. mána.equanimi
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sympathy: sangaha-vatthu (q.v.) - f
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greedy consciousness: s. Tab, I, II
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'root-condition' (hetu-paccaya; s.
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image, mental: s. nimitta, samádhi
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concentration with deficient energy
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concentration; in the 4th: equanimi
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sense-objects but lustful desire (c
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ignorance and ensnared by craving,
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arising. Therefore the ancient mast
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káya-passaddhi: tranquillity of me
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The 5 groups are compared, respecti
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khínásava: 'the one in whom all c
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7 stages of purification (visuddhi
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death. Later Páli literature often
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een slaughtered expressly for one's
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Thus, greedlessness (alobha) is a n
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ñánadassana-visuddhi: 'purificati
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Literature: For texts on Nibbána,
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nissaya: 'foundation'. The 2 wrong
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