Nyanatiloka Buddhist Dictionary

knowledge connected with deliverance (A. V, 92).sampajañña: 'clarity of consciousness', clear comprehension. This term is frequently metwith in combination with mindfulness (sati). In D. 22, M. 10 it is said: "Clearly conscious is hein going and coming, clearly conscious in looking forward and backward, clearly conscious inbending and stretching his body; clearly conscious in eating, drinking, chewing and tasting,clearly conscious in discharging excrement and urine; clearly conscious in walking, standing,sitting, falling asleep and awakening; clearly conscious in speaking and keeping silent." - For adefinition of the term sati-sampajañña, s. Pug. 86.According to the Com., 'clarity of consciousness' is of 4 kinds: regarding the purpose, thesuitability, (inclusion in the meditative) domain, and the undeluded conception of the activityconcerned. Explained in detail in Com. to Satipatthána Sutta. (tr. in The Way of Mindfulness,by Soma Thera; BPS).sampaticchana-citta: 'receptive consciousness', is the mindelement (mano-dhátu) thatfollows immediately upon the arising of sense-consciousness (visual consciousness, etc.),performing on that occasion the function of recciving the sense-object. Regarding the otherfunctions of consciousness, s. viññána-kicca.sampayutta-paccaya: 'condition of association', is one of the 24 conditions (paccaya, q.v.).samphassa = phassa (q.v.).samsára: 'round of rebirth', lit. perpetual wandering', is a name by which is designated thesca of life ever restlessly heaving up and down, the symbol of this continuous process of everagain and again being born, growing old, suffering and dying. More precisely put, samsára isthe unbroken chain of the five-fold khandha-combinations, which, constantly changing frommoment to moment follow continuously one upon the other through inconceivable periods oftime. Of this samsára, a single lifetime constitutes only a tiny and fleeting fraction; hence tobe able to comprehend the first noble truth of universal suffering, one must let one's gazerest upon the samsára, upon this frightful chain of rebirths, and not merely upon one singlelife-time, which, of course, may be sometimes less painful. - Cf. tilakkhana, anattá,paramattha, patisandhi.samseva: 'companionship'. (1) "Through companionship with bad men (asappurisa-s.) comeslistening to bad advice, thereby unwise reflection, thereby inattention and mental confusion,thereby lack of sense-control, thereby 3-fold bad conduct in bodily action, speech and mind,thereby the 5 hindrances (nívarana, q.v.), thereby craving for existence. (2) Throughcompanionship with good men (sappurisa-s. ) comes listening to good advice, thereby faith,thereby wise reflection, thereby mindfulness and clarity of consciousness, therebysense-control, thereby 3-fold good conduct, thereby the 4 foundations of mindfulness(satipatthána, q.v ), thereby the 7 factors of enlightenment (bojjhanga, q.v.), therebyliberation through wisdom (paññá-vimutti, q.v.)." Cf. A. X 62.samuccheda-pahána: 'overcoming by destruction', is the absolute extinction of certainfetters of existence (samyojana, q.v.), which takes place by entering into one of the 4supermundane paths of holiness (s. ariya-puggala). - Regarding the 5 kinds of overcoming, s.