"Whenever such phenomena as consciousness and mental concomitants are arising by giving preponderanceto one of these 4 things, then this phenomenon is for the other phenomena a condition by way ofpredominance" (Patth.). Cf. iddhi-páda.(4-5) Proximity and contiguity (or immediacy)-condition (anantara and samanantara-paccaya) - both beingidentical - refer to any state of consciousness and mental phenomena associated with them, which are theconditions for the immediately following stage in the process of consciousness. For example, in the visualprocess, eye-consciousness is for the immediately following mindelement - performing the function ofreceiving the visible object - a condition by way of contiguity; and so is this mind-element for the nextfollowing mind-consciousness element, performing the function of investigating the object, etc. Cf.viññána-kicca.(6) Co-nascence condjtion (sahajáta-paccaya), i.e. condition by way of simultaneous arising, is aphenomenon that for another one forms, a condition in such a way that, simultaneously with its arising, alsothe other thing must arise. Thus, for instance, in one and the same moment each of the 4 mental groups(feeling, perception, mental formations and consciousness) is for the 3 other groups a condition by way ofco-nascence or co-arising; or again each of the 4 physical elements (solid, liquid, heat, motion) is such acondition for the other 3 elements. Only at the moment of conception in the mother's womb does corporeality(physical base of mind) serve for the 4 mental groups as a condition by way of conascence.(7) Condition by way of mutuality (aññámañña-paccaya). All the just mentioned associated and co-nascentmental phenomena, as well as the 4 physical elements, are, of course, at the same time also conditioned byway of mutuality, "just like three sticks propped up one by another." The 4 mental groups are one for anothera condition by way of mutuality. So also are the 4 elements, and also mentality and corporeality at themoment of conception.(8) Support-condition (nissaya-paccaya). This condition refers either to a pre-nascent (s. 10) or co-nascent (s.6) phenomenon which is aiding other phenomena in the manner of a foundation or base, just as the trees havethe earth as their foundation, or as the oil-painting rests on the canvas. In this way, the 5 sense-organs and thephysical base of the mind are for the corresponding 6 kinds of consciousness a prenascent, i.e. previouslyarisen, condition by way of support. Further all co-nascent (s. 6) phenomena are mutually (s. 7) conditionedby each other by way of support.(9) Decisive-support (or inducement) condition (upanissaya-paccaya) is threefold, namely (a) by way ofobject (árammanúpanissaya-paccaya), (b) by way of proximity (anantarúpanissaya), (c) natural decisivesupport (pakatupanissaya). These conditions act as strong inducement or cogent reason.(a) Anything past, present or future, corporeal or mental, real or imaginary, may, as object of ourthinking, become a decisive support, or strong inducement, to moral, immoral or karmicallyneutral states of mind. Evil things, by wrong thinking about them, become an inducement toimmoral life; by right thinking, an inducement to moral life. But good things may be aninducement not only to similarly good things, but also to bad things, such as self-conceit, vanity,envy, etc.(b;) is identical with proximity condition (No. 4).(c) Faith, virtue, etc., produced in one's own mind, or the influence of climate, food, etc., onone's body and mind, may act as natural and decisive support-conditions. Faith may be a directand natural inducement to charity, virtue to mental training, etc.; greed to theft, hate to murder;unsuitable food and climate to ill-health; friends to spiritual progress or deterioration.(10) Pre-nascence-condition (purejáta-paccaya) refers to something previously arisen, which forms a basefor something arising later on. For example, the 5 physical sense-organs and the physical base of mind,having already arisen at the time of birth, form the condition for the consciousness arising later, and for themental phenomena associated therewith.
(11) Post-nascence-condition (pacchá-játa-paccaya) refers to consciousness and the phenomena therewithassociated, because they are - just as is the feeling of hunger- a necessary condition for the preservation ofthis already arisen body.(12) Repetition-condition (ásevana-paccaya) refers to the karmical consciousness, in which each time thepreceding impulsive moments (javana-citta, q.v.) are for all the succeeding ones a condition by way ofrepetition and frequency, just as in learning by heart, through constant repetition, the later recitation becomesgradually easier and easier.(13) Karma-condition (kamma-paccaya). The pre-natal karma (i.e karma-volitions, kamma-cetaná, in aprevious birth) is the generating condition (cause) of the 5 sense-organs, the fivefold sense-consciousness,and the other karma-produced mental and corporeal phenomena in a later birth. - Karmical volition is also acondition by way of karma for the co-nascent mental phenomena associated therewith, but these phenomenaare in no way karma-results.(14) Karma-result-condition (vipáka-paccaya). The karma-resultant 5 kinds of sense-consciousness are acondition by way of karma-result for the co-nascent mental and corporeal phenomena.(15) Nutriment-condition (áhára-paccaya). For the 4 nutriments, s. áhára.(16) Faculty-condition (indriya-paccaya). This condition applies to 20 faculties (indriya, q.v.), leaving outNo. 7 and 8 from the 22 faculties. Of these 20 faculties, the 5 physical sense-organs (1 - 5), in their capacityas faculties, form a condition only for uncorporeal phenomena (eye-consciousness etc.); physical vitality (6)and all the remaining faculties, for the co-nascent mental and corporeal phenomena.(17) Jhána-condition (jhána-paccaya) is a name for the 7 so-called jhána-factors, as these form a condition tothe co-nascent mental and corporeal phenomena, to wit: (1) thought-conception (vitakka), (2) discursivethinking (vicára), (3) interest (píti), (4) joy (sukha), (5) sadness (domanassa), (6) indifference (upekkhá), (7)concentration (samádhi). (For definition s. Páli terms. )1, 2, 3, 4, 7 are found in 4 classes of greedy consciousness (s. Tab. I. 22-25); 1, 2, 5, 7 in hatefulconsciousness (ib. 30, 31); 1, 2, 6, 7 in the classes of deluded consciousness (ib. 32, 33).This condition does not only apply to jhána alone, but also to the general intensifying ('absorbing') impact ofthese 7 factors.(18) Path-condition (magga-paccaya) refers to the 12 path-factors, as these are for the karmically wholesomeand unwholesome mental phenomena associated with them, a way of escape from this or that mentalconstitution, namely: (1) knowledge (paññá = sammáditthi, right understanding), (2) (right or wrong)thought-conception (vitakka), (3) right speech (sammá-vácá), (4) right bodily action (sammá-kammanta), (5)right livelihood (sammá-ájíva), (6) (right or wrong) energy (viriya), (7) (right or wrong) mindfulness (sati),(8) (right or wrong) concentration (samádhi), (9) wrong views (miccháditthi), (10) wrong speech(micchá-vácá), (11) wrong bodily action (micchá-kammanta), (12) wrong livelihood (micchá-ájíva). Cf.magga.(19) Association-condition (sampayutta-paccaya) refers to the co-nascent (s. 6) and mutually (s. 7)conditioned 4 mental groups (khandha), "as they aid each other by their being associated, by having acommon physical base, a common object, and by their arising and disappearing simultaneously" (Patth.Com.).(20) Dissociation-condition (vippayutta-paccaya) refers to such phenomena as aid other phenomena by notbaving the same physical base (eye, etc.) and objects. Thus corporeal phenomena are for mental phenomena,and conversely, a condition by way of dissociation, whether co-nascent or not.(2l) Presence-condition (atthi-paccaya) refers to a phenomenon - being pre-nascent or co-nascent - whichthrough its presence is a condition for other phenomena. This condition applies to the conditions Nos. 6, 7, 8,
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and technical terms in a Western la
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PTS Tr.SeriesM. Majjhima Nikáya (f
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perfectly clear and radiant colors
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acquired image (during concentratio
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endless space (anantákása), i.e.
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(4) "Or, without exertion he attain
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specific Buddhist doctrine, with wh
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holy life, the task is accomplished
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from stinginess, liberal, open-hand
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Once-Returner (Sakadágámi), the N
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ásava: (lit: influxes), 'cankers',
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(Cf. Dhs. 1280, 1282, 1284; Vibh. X
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(1) Karma-process (kamma-bhava), i.
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he takes of his own accord. He lead
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has gained and is developing the fa
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1. As an ethically neutral psycholo
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(q.v.).corporeality and mind: s. n
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voidness, boundless d. etc., s. cet
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Buddha, i.e. the 4 Noble Truths (sa
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11. living in a cemetery: susánik'
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(2) was taught by Púrana-Kassapa,
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dwellings: Suitable d. for monks; s
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stream-entry: s. sotápanna, ariya-
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suppressive karma: upapílaka-kamma
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86) that, in the highest sense (par
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tiracchána-yoni: 'animal womb'; bi
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upádi: lit. 'something which one g
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taught, those who said that he was
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the path of Arahatship (arahatta-ma
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consciousness.(6) "There are beings
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vippayutta-paccaya: 'dissociation',
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2. in contemplation of dissolution
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"Immediately upon this adaptation-k
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together with its defilements. By r
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kalápa: This doctrinal term, as we
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uppajjati viññánam sotañca pati
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counterpart samathayánika.tadáram