Volume 14, Number 1, March, 2006 - Noise News International

NOISE/NEWSVolume 14, Number 12006 MarchI N T E R N A T I O N A LA quarterly news magazinewith an Internet supplement publishedby I-INCE and INCE/USAACTIVE 2006Travel PlanningSustainable Development in anUrbanizing World—The Noise IssueMinneapolis Workshop onUnited States Noise PolicyMEMBER SOCIETY PROFILEThe Italian Acoustical Association

NOISE/NEWSAI N T E R N A T I O N A LEditorial StaffG. Maling, Jr., Managing Editor60 High Head RoadHarpswell, ME 04079, USAG. Ebbitt, Feature EditorB. Berry, European EditorM. Burgess, Asia-Pacific EditorP. Donavan, Pan-American News Editorquarterly news magazinewith an Internet supplement publishedby I-INCE and INCE/USAVolume 14, Number 1Features2006 MarchAdvertising Sales ManagerRichard J. PeppinScantek, Inc.7060 Oakland Mills Road, Ste. LColumbia, MD 21046-1360e-mail: PeppinR@asme.orgACTIVE 2006 Travel Planning................................................................................................................ 8Sustainable Development in an Urbanizing World – The Noise Issue........................................ 14Minneapolis Workshop on United States Noise Policy.................................................................. 20DepartmentsPresident’s Column................................................................................................................................. 3Editor’s View............................................................................................................................................ 5Member Society Profile......................................................................................................................... 7Asia-Pacific News................................................................................................................................ 33Pan-American News............................................................................................................................ 34INCE Update........................................................................................................................................... 36European News..................................................................................................................................... 38International Representatives............................................................................................................ 42Product News........................................................................................................................................ 45Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................. 48Conference Calendar........................................................................................................................... 48Directory of Noise Control Services.............................................................................................CVR3Cover Photo:Adelaide Skyline, South AustraliaCourtesy of The South Australian Tourism Commission • www.southaustralia.comProduced byIowa State University College of EngineeringEngineering Communications and MarketingNoise/News International (ISSN 1021-643X)is a quarterly news magazine published jointlyby the International Institute of Noise ControlEngineering (I-INCE) and the Institute ofNoise Control Engineering of the USA, Inc.(INCE/USA). Noise/News International isdistributed to the Member Societies of I-INCE and to members of INCE/USA as amember benefit. Advertising sales are handledby Richard J. Peppin. Feature articles forthis magazine are selected by the editors.Responsibility for editorial content restsupon the authors, and not upon I-INCE orINCE/USA, the Member Societies of I-INCE,or their members. Product information ispublished as a service to our readers, and doesnot constitute an endorsement by the societiesor their members. SUBSCRIPTIONS:Members and Associates of INCE/USAand the Member Societies of InternationalINCE receive Noise/News International as amembership benefit. Other individual or libraryannual subscriptions are 60 USD in the USA.Subscribers in other counties should add 10USD per year for first class mailing to Canadaand Mexico, and air mail postage overseas.Address inquiries concerning subscriptions tothe INCE/USA Business Office, 210 Marston,Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2153.EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE:Address editorial correspondence to George C.Maling, Jr., 60 High Head Road, Harpswell,ME 04079, USA. Telephone or FAX: +1 207729 6430; e-mail: maling@alum.mit.edu.COPYRIGHT AND REPRINTPERMISSIONS: Copyright © 2006 bythe Institute of Noise Control Engineeringof the U.S.A., Inc. For all copying, reprint,or republication permission, contact theINCE/USA Business Office, IBO@inceusa.org. ADVERTISING: For informationabout advertising, contact Richard J. Peppin,Advertising Sales Manager, Scantek, Inc.,7060 Oakland Mills Road, Ste. L, Columbia,MD 21046-1360, e-mail: PeppinR@asme.org.2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.orgPrinted in the United States of America1

President’s ColumnSharing of Responsibility for TrafficNoise MitigationTraffic noise is a general environmentalproblem in almost all countries. For thisproblem, noise regulations/guidelinesare established, and various measures fornoise source emissions and the noise propagationprocess must be available. To mitigate the problemeffectively, however, not only these respectivetechnical developments but also a comprehensiveinvestigation of the total system is needed. Amongtraffic noise problems, road traffic noise is discussed,because it is the most common environmental issueeverywhere.Regarding the relevant noise sources, phased noiseemission regulations for road vehicles have beenestablished in many countries, and automobilemanufacturers have been making a significant effortto reduce the noise emissions of road vehicles.As a result, engine and exhaust noises have beenmuch reduced. For automobile tires, variousinvestigations have been made to reduce tire/roadnoise by examination of tire structure, materials andtread patterns, but epoch-making reductions have notbeen realized up to now because of the conflictingrelationship with safety performance. On the otherhand, “quiet pavement” technology has been muchdeveloped recently. It has been found that thedrainage asphalt concrete pavement, first developedfor running safety, is very effective for the reductionof tire/road noise, and this type of pavement is nowbeing widely adopted in many countries. In Japan,almost all newly constructed highways are pavedwith drainage asphalt concrete.However, it is a problem that this type of pavementhas aged deterioration caused by clogging and itis urgently necessary to establish a technology torecover the noise reduction efficiency.Regarding abatement measures related to noisepropagation, various types of noise barriers arebeing developed. In Japan, noise barriers with a Y-figure section are being applied for highways as astandard type. Recently, an “active noise barrier” hasactually been installed as a trial. In the case wherehighways run through quiet residential areas, semiundergroundand canal-type roads are sometimesconstructed as “quiet roads.”Along with these abatement measures, soundinsulation treatment for roadside buildings should beconsidered. In urban areas, it is inevitable that manystructures are built to close to busy roads.In such a situation, the buildings must be designedto have sufficient sound insulation performance. Inthe Japanese “Environmental standards for noise,”standard levels for indoor noise transmitted from theoutside (45 dB or less for daytime and 40 dB or lessfor nighttime) are specified for areas close to arteryroads. However, a legislative system to secure thesestandard values has not yet been established.As mentioned above, for the mitigation of roadtraffic noise problem, the responsibility should beshared by respective processes (noise emission,noise propagation and noise reception) andmodel scenarios should be drawn by consideringeffectiveness, technical feasibility and cost of eachelement. In the past INTER-NOISE congresses,for example, many papers have been presentedcovering these research fields but it has been rarethat such technical developments are compared andevaluated from a synthesis viewpoint. To examinethese points, an informal conference has beenorganized in Japan under the sponsorship of theJapanese Automobile Research Institute (JARI), inwhich people in the automobile, tire, and pavementindustries, highway corporations, constructionindustries, and administrative organizations areparticipating voluntarily. Discussions are being heldand exchanges of technical information are takingplace. This conference is very meaningful for amutual understanding between different viewpointsin industries and administrations.NNIHideki TachibanaPresident, InternationalINCE2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org3

Editor’s ViewFlexibility and Community NoiseThe increasing use of cars and trucks fortransportation leads to increasing trafficvolumes and consequently increasing noisefrom road traffic in all countries. As PaulDonovan discussed in his Editorial in the last issue ofNNI, the methods for the control of road traffic noiseare well established and the main stumbling block isthe actual implementation of these measures.There are other forms of community noise for whichthe noise control solutions are not so clear. This isparticularly the case for noisy activities which arepart of the cultural, social and recreational activitiesenjoyed by part of the community. In the Asia Pacificregion, there is a diversity of cultures and manyhave sound output as an essential component. Forexample; the bells of churches and temples, the musicfor street processions and celebrations, and fireworksfor major festivals.In the appropriate context, each of these are part ofthe life of the area and accepted as part of the localsoundscape. Changes in the surrounding communitycan lead to action and these sounds being consideredas excessive noise. For example, when the cityextends to take over the villages or towns and thenew residents have different expectations, or whennew developments make major changes in an areawhich has historically provided a different socialfocus. When groups from a different cultural andsocial background move into a community, theircultural activities may bring a richness to the societybut there may well be some who are annoyed by theaccompanying noise.The inclusion in community noise legislation ofa concept of “reasonable and feasible” or of anoption for a negotiated agreement can go some wayto overcome this dilemma. All those involved arethen forced to meet and discuss so that the differentsides have a better understanding of the issues ofconcern and of the importance of the activity to partof the community. They can also discuss the variousmanagement strategies that can be used to minimisethe annoyance. The ideal solution is if the two sidescan come to a mutually agreed solution. If this isnot the case, there needs to be an arbiter who, whenpresented with the views from both sides, can make afinal decision on what is reasonable.There are many strategies that can be used to reducethe annoyance, such as limiting the number andtiming of the noisy activities or providing somecontrol on the noise output. There is also thepossibility that the traditional use of a particular areajustifies the establishment of a higher noise criteriaand new people in the area need to accept this.Objective criteria are important for equity purposesand certainly assist to make enforcement andplanning consistent across a community. However,for those countries embarking on the challengeof introducing environmental noise legislation,consideration of the benefits of some flexibility maywell assist to cater for the needs of the various groupswhich comprise a community.NNIMarion BurgessAsia-Pacific EditorLiving together in a community requires someacceptance and tolerance from all. Annoyancewith noise is a subjective reaction, and, if there isno flexibility in the legislation, a vocal group in thecommunity—which perhaps may be a minority—candemand strict enforcement of the noise criteria.Compliance with these criteria may require expensivenoise control for buildings etc., or even the cessationof the activity.2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org5

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Member Society ProfileThe Italian AcousticalAssociationThe 35th anniversary of the founding of theItalian Acoustical Association (AIA) will becelebrated in 2007. The organization wasformed in 1972 to promote education anddisseminate research on all aspects of acoustics. Theexchange of information among members was (andremains) an important goal, as well.The 16 founders of the association have grown theirranks to include several hundred members. Fivemembership grades are offered: Honorary Fellows,Fellows, Individual Members, Collective Members(institutions, companies, etc.), and Students.Management of the association is in the hands of an11-member board consisting of the president, pastpresident, secretary, treasurer, and seven Fellowselected by their peers. Each board member serves afour-year term. The Society’s web address is www.associazioneitalianaacustica.it. The site containsinformation on the history of the organization,membership opportunities, and conferences. Theinformation is presented primarily in Italian,although there is a link to a summary documentabout the association written in English. The e-mailaddress for AIA is segreteria.aia@imamoter.cnr.it.AIA focuses its activities in three specialty areas:environmental acoustics, music acoustics, andspeech. The Speech Group was formed in 1988, theEnvironmental Acoustics Group (now the largest ofthe three areas) in 1990, and the Musical AcousticsGroup in 1992. A Coordinator elected by the Fellowsand Members of the group directs the group’sactivities assisted by a Committee.The Association annually hosts a three-day meetingthat covers all aspects of acoustics. About 150members participate. The published proceedings ofthe meeting generally consist of 100 papers, resultingin a book that is 600 pages in length. A highlightof the meeting is the presentation of the GiacominiPrize for the best degree thesis on acoustics fromprior year.The prize isnamed for theassociation’sfirst president.In additionto the annualmeeting, members of the specialist groupspresent seminars and workshops throughout theyear. These proceedings, covering various topicalsubjects, are also published by AIA. The associationis also a regular host of international conferences.The group spearheaded the 4th FASE Symposiumon Acoustics and Speech, Venice, 1981; theConference on Acoustics and Recovery of Spaces forMusic, Ferrara, 1993; the 18th AICB (AssociationAgainst Noise) Congress, Bologna, 1995; the 17thInternational Congress on Acoustics (ICA), Rome,2001; and the 5th EuroNoise Conference, Naples,2003.The association launched a quarterly journal in 1977.Titled Revista Italiana di Acustica, the publication isthe official magazine of the association. Each issuefeatures research papers, technical notes, news fromAIA, and a calendar of events. Papers are usuallypresented in Italian with a summary in English,although the papers of some authors have beenpresented in French, English, and other languages.Each issue is about 50 pages in length; nearly 1000copies are distributed.AIA maintains close ties with the Italian AudiologySociety and other national associations relatedto acoustics. It was among the founders of theFederation of Acoustical Societies of Europe (1972)and the European Acoustics Association (1992). AIAhas been affiliated with I-INCE since 1983.NNIThis is the 53rd in aseries of articles onthe Member Societiesof International INCE.2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org7

2006 International Symposiumon Active Control of Sound andVibrationAdelaide, Australia18-20 September 2006Travel PlanningACTIVE 2006, The 2006 International Symposium on ActiveControl of Sound and Vibration, will be held in Adelaide,South Australia, Australia on 2006 September 18-20.This, the sixth in a series of international symposia on activecontrol of sound and vibration, is sponsored by INCE/USA andsupported by the Australian Acoustical Society and the Universityof Adelaide. The meeting is being organized by the University ofAdelaide. ACTIVE 2006 is an International INCE Symposium. Thesymposium co-chairs are Carl Howard and Mike Kidner.The deadline for submission of abstracts and papers has passed,and more than 100 papers on various aspects of active controlPhoto courtesy of Marketing &Strategic Communications Office,The University of Adelaidewill be presented. This article covers travel planning for thesymposium, papers to be presented, registration, and the socialprogram.Keynote SpeakersThe following Keynote addresses will be presented:Digital Signal Processing algorithms and implementations on active noisecontrol systems.Professor Sen Kuo, Northern Illinois University, USAThe choice of sensors and actuators for smart panels implementing activestructural acoustic control.Dr. Paolo Gardonio, ISVR, University of Southampton, UKGlobal energy-based active noise control and the use of energy densitysensing methods.Professor Scott Sommerfeldt, Brigham Young University, USAActive vibration and motion control of ocean vehicles.Professor Jie Pan, University of Western Australia, AustraliaHow big is your head? A discussion of system complexity, inverseproblems and acoustic arraysDr. Marty Johnson, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA8 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Photo courtesy of Andrew RihaLocation of the ConferenceThe conference will be held in the Lower Napier building at the University of Adelaide (www.adelaide.edu.au/campuses/maps2006/northtce.jpg, grid reference J-11) Delegates whoregister for the conference will be sent a map of the venue in the post. The conferenceopening ceremony and registration desk will be at the Art Gallery of South Australia (gridreference K-7), which is next to the University, and a 2 minute walk from the conference venue.RegistrationA registration form for ACTIVE 2006 is available as a link from the Symposium home page onthe Internet. One can download the form in either MS Word format or in Portable DocumentFormat. In the first case, the form can be filled in using Word; in the second case, all fieldsshould be completed using legible handwriting and block letters. The forms are designed forA4 paper, but can be converted to letter size.The registration form and its second page giving authorization by the credit card holder tocharge for the registration fee should be faxed to: FAX: +61 8 8303 4367ACTIVE 2006 Conference RegistrationSchool of Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Adelaide S.A. 5005AustraliaAt least one author of each paper must register for the symposium. If you have any difficultieswith the registration process, please contact:Phone: +61 8 8303 5460Email: registration@active2006.comThe registration fees for the symposium are as follows:Regular RegistrationStudent Registration (fax a copy of your student ID):Before 2006 June 23: 600 AUD Before 2006 June 23: 300 AUDAfter 2006 June 23: 700 AUDAfter 2006 June 23: 350 AUDAccompanying Person150 AUDAll prices are in Australian dollars (AUD) and include G.S.T.Refunds—less a 50 AUD administration fee—will be granted to delegates unable to attend,provided written notice is received by AAS by 23 June 2006. No refunds will be granted forcancellations received after 23 June 2006. Reimbursements will be made after the congress.2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.orgScientific CommitteeThe scientific committee comprisesmany distinguished internationalmembers including:• Anthony Zander, Australia, Chair• Emil Ardelean, USA• Arthur Berkhoff, Netherlands• Alain Berry, Canada• Ingo Borchers, Germany• Mike Brennan, UK• Randolph Cabell, USA• Ben Cazzolato, Australia• Geoff Chase, NZ• Lei Chen, Australia• Jin Chen Ji, Australia• Ingvar Claesson, Sweden• Robert Clark, USA• Duc Do, Australia• Niek Doelman, Netherlands• Stephen Elliott, UK• Ken Frampton, USA• Francesco Franco, Italy• Emmanuel Friot, France• Christopher Fuller, USA• Paolo Gardonio, UK• Gary Gibbs, USA• Lars Håkansson, Sweden• Dunant Halim, Australia• Roger Halkyard, NZ• Chris Hann, NZ• Colin Hansen, Australia• Fangpo He, Australia• Carl Howard, Australia• Shiro Ise, Japan• Hiroyuki Iwamoto, Japan• Sven Johansson, Sweden• Marty Johnson, USA• Richard Jones, NZ• Yuvi Kahana, Israel• Jonathan Kemp, USA• Nicole Kessissoglou, Australia• Mike Kidner, Australia• Kozue Kobayashi, Japan• Janusz Kowal, Poland• Damien Leclercq, Australia• Xinye Li, China• Brian Mace, UK• Patrice Masson, Canada• Gopal Mathur, USA• Philippe Micheau, Canada• Cam Ng, USA• Jie Pan, Australia• Christopher Park, USA• Roshun Paurobally, Australia• Marek Pawelczyk, Poland• Benoit Petitjean, France• Stan Pietrzko, Switzerland• André Preumont, Belgium• Xiaojun Qiu , China• Boaz Rafaely, Israel• Alain Roure, France• Karl Sammut, Australia• Hisashi Sano, Japan• Bogdan Sapiñski, Poland• Toshihiko Shiraishi, Japan• Richard Silcox, USA• Scott Sommerfeldt, USA• Nobuo Tanaka, Japan• Jing Tian, China• Osman Tokhi, UK• Mathias Winberg, Sweden• Jun Yang, Singapore9

AccommodationsAccommodations for conference delegates are at hotels located in the city of Adelaide, a short walk from the conference venue.Delegates should book their accommodation with the hotels directly. Be sure to mention “Active Noise and Vibration ControlSymposium” to receive special discount room rates. There is a map on the ACTIVE 2006 home page that shows the proximity of thehotels to the conference venue.The list of hotels and links directly to the hotel home pages may be found from the ACTIVE 2006 home page. Special room rates for theconference have been obtained at the following hotels.Pacific International HotelRoom rates per night rangefrom 120 AUD to 150 AUD.Majestic Roof Garden HotelRoom rates per night rangefrom 135 AUD to 165 AUD.Hotel RichmondRoom rates per night rangefrom 130 AUD to 230 AUD(deluxe suite)Mercure Grosvenor HotelRoom rates per night rangefrom 99 AUD to 155 AUD.Pacific InternationalApartments on Frome88 Frome StreetAdelaide, South Australia 5000AustraliaPhone: +61 8 8223 9000Fax: +61 8 8223 9014Web: http://www.pacificinthotels.com/Majestic Roof Garden Hotel55 Frome StreetAdelaide, South Australia, 5000AustraliaPhone: +61 8 8100 4400Fax: +61 8 8100 4488Web: http://www.majestichotels.com.auHotel Richmond Adelaide128 Rundle MallAdelaide, South Australia, 5000AustraliaPhone: +61 8 8223 4044Fax: +61 8 8232 2290Web: http://www.hotelrichmond.com.auMercure Grosvenor Hotel125 North Terrace, Adelaide,South Australia, 5000 AustraliaPhone: +61 8 8407 8888Fax: +61 8 8407 8855Web: http://www.mercuregrosvenorhotel.com.auBest Flights to AdelaideAdelaide International Airport (ADL) has direct international flights from Hong Kong,Singapore, and Kuala Lumpur that arrive on Sunday morning of 17th September 2006.Alternatively, delegates can get domestic transfer flights from Melbourne (1hr 15minflight) or Sydney (2hr flight).Transport from the Airport to HotelsAdelaide International Airport is about 10 minutes drive from the city. The easiest wayto get to the city and hotels is by taxi, which cost about 20 AUD. Alternatively there is anairport shuttle bus (www.skylinkadelaide.com/) that costs 7.5 AUD, and will stop at all theconference hotels. The least expensive way to get to the city is by public transport bus(www.adelaidemetro.com.au/guides/airport.html), which will cost 3.5 AUD, however youare likely to have a 15 minute walk to your hotel.Banking FacilitiesForeign exchange banking facilities areavailable at the airport and all banks withinRundle Mall (3 minute walk from the conferencevenue). Equivalent currency valuesas of 20 March 2006 are listed below.Major credit cards are accepted at all recommendedhotels and at most restaurants.Currency 1 AUD =China Yuan Renminbi......................5.83 CNYEuro....................................................0.59 EURHong Kong Dollars.......................... 5.63 HKDIndia Rupees....................................32.09 INRJapan Yen....................................... 84.28 JPYSingapore Dollars........................... 1.17 SGDTaiwan New Dollars.................... 23.54 TWDUnited Kingdom Pounds................ 0.41 GBPUnited States Dollars..................... 0.72 USD10 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Social ProgramThe social program is as follows:Sunday Evening, 17 SeptemberReception at the State Art Gallery, AdelaideMonday Evening, 18 SeptemberBanquet at The Stamford Grand, GlenelgTuesday Evening, 19 SeptemberAdelaide Zoo, AdelaideWednesday Afternoon, 20 SeptemberClose of symposium - drinks and BBQ at the conference venue.About AdelaideIn Adelaide’s compact city centre, allfacilities, from the convention centreand hotels to cafés and nightclubs, areconveniently clustered within walkingdistance of each other. With its pivotallocation on the continent, and aninternational airport only 10 minutesfrom the CBD, Adelaide makes an ideallaunchpad for flights north, south, eastand west, to any other Australian city, orto regional South Australia. Another greatadvantage is the city’s proximity to a hostof special tour destinations—from theBarossa Valley, Adelaide Hills and FleurieuPeninsula to Kangaroo Island. The regionaround Adelaide provides plenty ofopportunity for sightseeing, from the localvineyards to the rugged coastline of VictorHarbor and Kangaroo Island.Weather for the ConferenceThe mean daily maximum temperature forSeptember in Adelaide is 18.8 ˚C, and themean number of rain day for the month is13. For more climate information see www.bom.gov.au.The Art Gallery of South Australia holds one of Australia’s finestart collections housed in one of Adelaide’s most beautiful historicbuildings. It is centrally located on leafy North Terrace betweenthe South Australian Museum and the University of Adelaide andhas been an important cultural focus since its establishment in1881, only 45 years after the first European settlers arrived. Theofficial conference opening will be held at the Art Gallery on Sundayevening. Drinks and nibbles will be served and delegates will be ableto wander through the gallery.The Stamford Grand Adelaide is located right on the beachfront inGlenelg and only 20 minutes from the city and 10 minutes from theairport. Surrounded by a myriad of leisure activities, this resort stylehotel is the perfect environment in which to relax. The conferencebanquet will be held at the Stamford Grand Australia and delegateswill be taken to the hotel on historic Adelaide trams.Adelaide Zoo is home to over 3,400 animals and almost 300 speciesof exotic and native mammals, birds, reptiles and fish exhibited inmagnificent botanic surroundings now expanded to eight hectares.Adelaide Zoo has the largest display of Australian animals inSouth Australia and the second largest in Australia. The Zoo is thesecond oldest zoo in the nation and represents a significant andimportant part of South Australia’s heritage and social history. It isunique among Australian zoos as it has retained many original andsignificant architectural features giving it a style and character allits own. Cocktails and canapes will be served at the Zoo on Tuesdayevening and delegates will be able to have guided-tours of the zoo.For more details on ACTIVE 2006, go to www.active2006.com2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org11

List of Accepted Abstract TitlesTopic: Active sound control• Active acoustical matching of vibratingbody surface with incident waves• Design of active noise control using grazingestimation method• Adaptive wave field synthesis withindependent radiation mode control foractive sound field• The mechanisms of feedback control activeear defenders• The selected digital systems of activesound control• Feedback control of broadband axial fannoise for global attenuation• Using energy-based control to achieveglobal attenuation (keynote paper)• Development of hartley domain filteredslms algorithm for active noise controlsystem• Limits on active noise control performanceat virtual microphones• Decentralized feedback control for activeabsorption in flow ductsTopic: Active control of outdoor sound• Behavior of the films adaptive algorithm• Feasibility study on active noise control ofmoving source in view using directionalmicrophones and directional speakersTopic: Active control in ducts• An analysis of active noise control in ductswith feedforward, feedback and hybridcontrol structure• Active noise control of a duct for athermoacoustic air-conditioner• An analysis of the active silencer with andwithout side-branch resonator• Performances prediction of the anc system• Nonlinear active noise control (anc) withfeedback consideration for square ductTopic: Active control of sound in vehicles• Acoustic field reproduction forpsychoacoustic experimentations :application to aircraft interior noise• Active noise control for large exhaust pipe• Sound profiling active noise control system• An investigation into active synchrophasingfor cabin noise reduction in propelleraircraft• Application of feedback control to lowfrequencynoise in a vehicle• Active noise control of low frequency noisein a station wagonTopic: Active control of soundtransmission• Active control of sound transmission intoan acoustic cavity surrounded by multipleflexible structural boundaries• Hybrid piezo-poroelastic sound packageconcept: numerical/experimentalvalidationsTopic: Active control of interior noise• Interior active noise control in turbofanaircraft: characterisation of the test-articleand numerical simulation for optimalactuator positioning by genetic algorithms• Energy-based attenuation of dieselgenerator noise• Active control for the noise reduction in ahelicopter cabinTopic: Active control of aeroelasticsystems• Design of active twist rotor bladesincorporating single crystal piezoelectricfiber composite actuatorsTopic: Active jet noise control• Variable geometry chevron flight test• On a fundamental problem in the derivationof Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings equationof aeroacoustics• Development of a soma hybrid compositejet engine chevron conceptTopic: Hardware for active control• Implementing active noise control withparametric array loudspeaker as systemcontroller• Development of a semi-activeelectromagnetic vibration absorber system• A self-powered circuit for noise andvibration controlTopic: Active structural acoustic control• Active trim panels for noise reduction inaircraft cockpits• Smart panel with decentralised inertialactuator active dampers• An active structural acoustic controlstrategy for coupled multiple-panelsystems• Active control of vibro-acoustictransmission paths in an automotivesuspension assembly• Smart panel with triangularly shapedpiezoelectric actuators for asac control• Performance and stability properties ofa smart double panel with decentralizedactive dampers• Active noise and vibration suppression ofhoneycomb panels using decentralizedautonomous controllers• Simultaneous noise and vibration controlusing active structural acoustic controlinside an enclosed stiffened cylinder withfloor structure• Lpv control of acoustic power modes for apanel structureTopic: Smart materials and structures• Flexural vibration of a smart laminated fgmplate with initial imperfections• Development of a controllable dampingengine mount using mr fluid for reductionof impact force during automobile collision12www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Topic: Feedforward control• Acoustic feasibility of feedforward controlin call centers• A fast system structure for multichannelactive control• A comparison of convergence andtracking in ed and sp based fxlmsalgorithms• Phase corrected algorithm and itsapplication to the active control of shipinterior noiseTopic: Feedback control• Optimal truncated model for flexiblestructure system within a frequency band• Singular analysis of response of Duffing-Van der Pol oscillatorsTopic: Non-linear control• On the nonlinear control of the carbonnanotubes bendingTopic: Signal processing and algorithms• Development of new adaptive controllaws for time-periodic systems• Frequency-domain broadband activesound quality control algorithms• The implementation of delayless sub-bandactive noise control algorithms• About the application of the mint theoremin active noise control• Fast adaptive filter algorithms for activenoise control with application to activenoise reduction headsets• A modified filtered-error algorithm withfast convergence in systems with delayTopic: Active vibration control• Material-adapted vibro-acousticsimulation concepts for actively dampedlightweight structures• A geometric approach to the design ofremotely located vibration control systems• Instantaneous harmonic vibration controlof a flexible rotor• Optimal vibration control for overhung rotorsystem using actively flexible pedestal• Distributed magnetorheological fluid damperfor active structural vibration control• Model identification and optimal h2vibration control of an aeronautical panel• Experiments in active control of panelvibrations with spatially weightedobjectives using multiple accelerometers• Comparison of different controllers in theactive control of tool vibration; includingabrupt changes in the engagement of metalcutting• Distributed control using multiple velocityfeedback loops with inertial actuators• Power analysis in active control of spacetruss structures• Control of nonlinear vibrations using a smallattachment• Active damping of a vibrating string• Experimental verifications of activeconstrained layer damping treated beamfor different boundary conditions• Active tuning of a resonance changer tominimise the vibration transmission in asubmarine• Usage of active balancing devices forpassing through flexible rotor modes inactive magnetic bearings• Mutually converging adaptive feedbackactive control with on-line secondary-pathmodeling• Energy recovering in an active vibrationisolation system – results of experimentalresearchTopic: Active vibration isolation• Zero-stiffness magnetic supports for activevibration control• Earthquake isolation self-centering systemwith side rigid link-rodsTopic: Semi-active (adaptive) control• A semi-active friction device controlledby nonlinear feedbacks and phase-shiftcompensation• Use of programmable logical controllersfor implementation of the damper controlsystems• Tonal noise attenuation in ducts byoptimising adaptive Helmholtz resonators• Experimental evaluation of mr controllablefriction damperTopic: Transducers for active control• Design and fabrication of a micro velocitysensor for direct velocity feedbackcontrol systems• Nonlinear models of electro pneumatictransducers for use in feedforward activenoise control schemesTopic: Virtual reality in acoustics• The equivalent source method for virtualacoustics• 3d reproduction of low-frequency soundfields using the boundary pressure controlmethodTopic: Underwater applications• Longitudinal stability in a supercavitatingvehicle• Monitoring propeller cavitation throughhull vibrationsTopic: Array processing and imaging• Acoustic reflectometry for determinationof waveguide geometry• Noise source tracking using multiplediffracting arrays• Fusion of acoustic and inertial data formapping of building geometriesTopic: New directions in active control• Noise masking using psychoacoustics• Control of low-frequency wall reflectionsin an anechoic room2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org13

Sustainable Development in an Urbanizing World– the Noise Issue*Tor Kihlman, Chalmers University of Technology, Applied Acoustics, 412 96 Gothenburg, SwedenE-mail: tor.kihlman@chalmers.seIntroductionRio de Janeiro was the venue for the WorldSummit on Sustainable Development in1992. This important conference, UNCED(UN Conference on Environment andDevelopment), had as a background theBrundtland Commisson Report, OurCommon Future. It resulted in the RioDeclaration and Agenda 21. Consideringthe theme of INTER-NOISE 2005,Environmental Noise Control, and thevenue, Rio de Janeiro, a natural choicefor a keynote at the opening of the thisINTER-NOISE Congress is SustainableDevelopment in an Urbanizing World - theNoise Issue. This paper is restricted to roadtraffic noise.In discussions and plans regarding theenvironment and sustainable development,the noise issue is often neglected; thedocuments from the UNCED conferenceare no exception. This is very remarkable,because noise is considered by the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) to be the 3rdmost hazardous pollution (air, water, noise)in large cities. Also, it is stated in severalEuropean Union (EU) documents: ”Noiseis one of the environmental pressures thatis closest to the citizens. In public surveys,problems with noise are rated at the highestlevel together with global warming.”Road vehicles, rail vehicles, and airplanesare simply much too noisy—even whencomplying with international standards—so when used in today’s mass transport thetotal noise emission gets much too high tocomply with a sustainable development.This is a major problem for all cities indeveloped regions; it is still worse in lessdeveloped regions.Population (in billions)Major area 1950 1975 2000 2003 2030Total populationWorld 2.52 4.07 6.07 6.30 8.13More developed regions 0.81 1.05 1.19 1.20 1.24Less developed regions 1.71 3.02 4.88 5.10 6.89Urban populationWorld 0.73 1.52 2.86 3.04 4.94More developed regions 0.43 0.70 0.88 0.90 1.01Less developed regions 0.31 0.81 1.97 2.15 3.93Rural populationWorld 1.79 2.55 3.21 3.26 3.19More developed regions 0.39 0.34 0.31 0.31 0.23Less developed regions 1.40 2.21 2.90 2.95 2.96The Urbanizing WorldTable 1 shows some statistics concerningthe global population. Approximately onehalfof the population now lives in urbanareas, and the fraction is increasing. Thereare also huge differences between the moredeveloped regions and the less developed.Table 2 shows examples of populationdensities in different urban areas, withLos Angeles and Dharavi, Mumbai as theextremes.Comments on TerminologyWhen dealing with environmental issues,especially noise, we have to distinguishvery clearly between two concepts—emission and immission. (Cf. emigrationand immigration)Emission describes the noise output fromthe source. Immission (originally a conceptfrom Roman law on real estate propertyrights) describes how much noise thatreaches the neighborhood. The immissionis a function of the emission (in our casedetermined by the amount and speed of thetraffic, the characteristics of the vehicles,the road surfaces), the city structure (theroad network, building sizes and positions),the type of ground between traffic routesand buildings, the plans of the dwellings,and—for indoor noise—the soundinsulation of the building façades (whenwindows are closed!). It is the immissionthat determines the adverse effects of noise.Table 1. Distribution of global population. Source: United Nations Population Division.World Urbanization Prospects, The 2003 Revision.Many environmental problems havebeen solved, or can be solved, entirely by* This is an edited version of the keynote paper presented by the author at the opening session of INTER-NOISE 2005 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 2005August 08.14 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Table 2. Examples of urban population densities.(based on Satterthwaite 2004 & USK/Stockholm 2004, Nnaggenda-Musana 2004)Urban areaDharavi, Mumbai (Bombay)Beijing “Core City”Mexico City, central areaMexico City Metropolitan AreaTokyo central cityTokyo prefectureemission reductions. This is not the casefor most noise problems. There are no endof-the-pipesolutions other than in specialcases. To reduce noise emissions fromdifferent sources is a difficult and timeconsumingengineering task. This is whynoise problems have to be tackled throughmeasures both on the emission and theimmission side.On the immission side, environmental noiseis mostly characterized by an A-weightedequivalent level, L Aeq. The time periodfor the averaging is mostly 24h or 8h. Anadditional descriptor sometimes used,is L Amax. L Aeq, with a day/evening/nightweighting of +5 dB for the evening and+10 dB for the night, called L den, is usedin the EU. In the United States, L dniswidely used. L dnhas a +10 dB weightingfor the night. Relations for typical trafficdistributions over the 24 hours:L den≈ L dn+ 1dB ≈ L eq,24h+ (3 to 5) dBThe actual immission levels also dependupon reflections from building façadesclose to the receiver. Therefore, in manynoise regulations, limit or guideline valuesare given as free field levels, i.e., the levelsUrban population density2,400 p/ha (0.5 m inhabitants in 2.1 sqkm)342 p/ha (5.4 m inh in 158 sqkm)140 p/ha (1.9 m inh in 139 sqkm)32 p/ha (15 m inh in 4,636 sqkm)137 p/ha (8.2 m inh in 598 sqkm)55 p/ha (11.8 m inh in 2,162 sqkm)Dar es Salaam 45-130 p/ha (in the period 1891-2001)KampalaGreater LondonStockholmStockholm modernist housing areasof 1950s & 1960s (FAR 0.5-0.7)Stockholm inner city ‘stone town’(FAR 1.5-2.4)Los Angeles ConsolidatedMetropolitan Statistical Area75-94 p/ha (1.6-2 m inh in 21,300 ha)40 p/ha (6.4 m inh in 1,579 sqkm)40 p/ha (0.76 m inh in 187 sqkm, lakes excluded)30-60 p/ha260-290 p/ha1.7 p/ha (14.5 m inh in 88,000 sqkm)as if there were no close-by buildings, withthe approximate relation that the level atsome distance from a façade (>2m) is 3 dBhigher than the free field level.When dealing with environmental noiseregulations, measurements, predictionsor mapping, it is important to distinguishvery clearly between these concepts.Unfortunately, this is not always the case,resulting in some uncertainty and confusionin comparisons between data from differentpublications.Adverse Effects of UrbanNoise—Acoustic Demands Upona Sustainable DevelopmentEnvironmental noise has several adverseeffects. The following specific health effectshave been identified (Berglund/WHO 2000):interference with communication, annoyanceresponses, and effects on sleep, psycho-physiologicalsymptoms, performance,productivity, and social behavior. Newerfindings also show, that typical environmentalnoise levels in cities is a risk factor forcardiovascular disease 1 . Noise is especially aproblem for the economically weak portionsof the populations.Tor Kihlman received his Masterin Electrical Engineering fromChalmers University of Technology,Gothenburg, Sweden, and hisDoctorate with a thesis on soundpropagation in buildings from theTechnical University of Lund, Sweden(1967). He began his professionalcareer in acoustics at ChalmersUniversity of Technology, movedfor a few years to Lund Universityof Technology, and then returnedto Chalmers in 1969 as professor inbuilding acoustics. Since 1999 hehas been an emeritus professor.His research interest has been inairborne and structureborne soundin buildings and occupational andenvironmental noise. He has been amember of Swedish Parliamentaryinvestigations and a one-maninvestigator for the Swedish ActionPlan against Noise (1993)He is a fellow of ASA and a memberof the Royal Swedish Academy ofEngineering Sciences as well asmember of several other professionalsocieties. He has been vice presidentof his university. He has also beenChairman of the InternationalCommission on Acoustics andPresident of I-INCE.2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org15

Table 3. WHO guidelines for community noise.Specific environment Critical health effect(s) L Aeq(dB) Time base (hours) L Amax, fast (dB)Outdoor living areaSerious annoyance, daytime and eveningModerate annoyance, daytime and evening55501616--Outside bedrooms Sleep disturbance window open (outdoor values) 45 8 60Sustainable development demands thatthese adverse effects are reduced to aminimum. The studies of the effectsshow very clearly, that to be negligible,it requires that L eqbe below 45-50 dB.This is reflected in the WHO guidelines(See Table 3). These are the demands thatshould be requirements for sustainabledevelopment.Actual guidelines are less ambitious. As anexample, the Swedish guidelines are givenin Table 4. Similar values can be found alsoin the regulations of many other countries.The Swedish guideline values were setmore than 30 years ago as a long-term goal.From the beginning, the goal was regardedas a technical/economic compromise,and not as a goal guaranteeing a goodenvironment, but an acceptable one. It wasbelieved that these levels could and wouldbe reached within a foreseeable future.Today, this long-term goal seems moreremote than it did when first formulated.The inertia of the manufacturers, thevalues promoted on the car market, andthe strength of the industries’ lobbyorganizations were totally underestimated.Table 4. Swedish guideline values fornew dwellings. Free field values.L Aeq,24h(dB)L Amax(dB)Outdoor 55 70Indoor, closed windows 30Indoor, closed windows, Night 45L Aeq,24hdB corresponds approximately to 57dB daytime and 48 dB nighttime.The Noise SituationTypical levels are substantially higherthan those demanded for a sustainabledevelopment. Levels around 65 dB are notrare, a level at which the adverse effects ofall the above mentioned kinds are severe.In many cities, still much higher levels arecommon. The situation is definitely not inharmony with a sustainable development.Below is a view of the environmental noisesituation in some cities.Some TheoreticalCalculationsAt the ICA congress in Seattle in 1998,together with Wolfgang Kropp, I gave apaper based on statistical traffic data for31 major cities around the world. 2 Oursurprising observation was that all thesecities, according to our calculations, hadapproximately the same average trafficwork per unit urban area, 2.7*10 7 vehiclekm/km2 and year, see Fig. 1. This followsfrom the well-known observation thatall streets and motorways in urban areasget filled with traffic - a consequenceof common human behavior. This alsoimplies that the noise power emitted perunit urban area is approximately the samein all these cities if the road surfaces havesimilar acoustic properties and the speedsare similar.Traffic work in km/year/km 210 810 710 610 5So, for the traffic noise situation, sprawlingthe city does not help! The sprawled city isnot— on average—quieter than a compactcity. The method commonly used todecrease noise levels—increased distancebetween the source and the receiver, theequivalent to tall chimneys to decreaseair pollution—is not very effective whenused extensively. In fact, it is counterproductive.It leads to urban structuresthat are not desirable for a sustainabledevelopment for several reasons—land use,fuel consumption, etc. So, there is often nota conflict between different environmentalinterests. The task is to identify win/winsolutions that lead to less noise, bettertraffic safety, less CO 2emissions, etc.The average calculated noise exposureof buildings facing the streets—based onthe traffic and traffic network data and asimplified flat city model with a regularstreet pattern—was L Aeq,24h= 60 - 65 dB(free field). 2 In the calculations, it wasassumed that vehicles and road surfaceswere in good condition. The calculatedlevels are also in accordance with manymeasurements and detailed surveys inEuropean cities. Only at some distance10 4 Figure 1. Total traffic work in private car equivalents. 2Los AngelesHong KongStockholmParisMelbourneMunichAmsterdamLondonHoustonPhoenixDetroitDenverSan FranciscoBostonWashingtonChicagoNew YorkPerthBrisbaneAdelaideSydneyTorontoHamburgFrankfurtZurichBrusselsCopenhagenViennaTokyoSingapore16 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

from a street, behind shielding buildings,the levels may be below 50 or 55 dB.Traffic Noise Data forGothenburgAs an example, Table 3 shows data forGothenburg, Sweden, a city with 0.5 millioninhabitants. The levels are calculated, freefield values. Calculated levels show a goodagreement with measurements in a numberof control points.Comparing these data with the Swedishlong term goal in Table 2, we see a gapof approximately 10 dB. However, in allnew planning and new dwelling buildings,efforts are made to fulfill the guidelines,which certainly is difficult. It is also aproblem for political credibility to arguefor these guidelines to be applied to newdwellings, referring to health reasons, andnot being able to do much about the existingnoisy situations. And still, there is a gap ofat least another 5 dB between the guidelinesand levels representing a good environment.Table 3. Distribution of calculatedtraffic noise levels for 1636 sites inGothenburg, Sweden.L Aeq, 24h(dB)Number of sites Percentage %

is not rare to find circulating vehicles The results from the social survey in Cairo 100with a damaged exhaust system or even are in good agreement with other surveys.without any exhaust system.90See Fig 2. Obviously, the fraction of people3) Generally the circulating vehicles annoyed by the traffic noise in Cairo must80are old. The average age of Brazilian be very high.vehicles is 14 years.704) The bad habits, in general, of the Discussion and ConclusionsBrazilian drivers:60Detailed comparisons between the noisea) Using the horn for any purpose, with or situation in the different cities discussed50without apparent reason to do so. here cannot be made based on availableb) Accelerating the vehicle during traffic data. Such comparisons need very detailed 40jams or while waiting for green light. knowledge of the immission situationc) High speed driving inside urban regions.30especially in the residential areas, and itIt is not rare to find people driving overis not known to the author of this paper2080 km/h.how representative the measured levelsare in this respect. In the data for all the10Some Noise Data for Cairo three cities exemplified above, high levelRoad traffic noise measurements and locations are probably over-represented.social surveys to determine the annoyance Accurate noise mapping including quietreactions have been performed by Ali et al. areas is therefore an important part ofin Cairo. 5 Measurements were made at 21 the work initiated by the EU-directivesites covering different types of roads with on environmental noise. 7 With thesedifferent width, number of vehicles/hour, mappings, it will be possible to makeand speed. The results are shown in Table 6. more accurate comparisons betweenthe environmental noise immission inA social survey was carried out simultaneouslywith the noise measurements and at the noise policies, representative data are alsoEuropean cities. For strong and firm globalsame sites. The results are given in Fig. 2. needed from other countries.The results indicate, that the noise levels in But it is quite clear that the gap betweenCairo are still higher than those in Curitiba. actual noise levels and the goals for aNevertheless, Egyptian noise standards sustainable development is very wide, both(Egyptian Environmental Number 4 Law in developed and less developed regions.from 1994) on the maximum permissible This often leads to problems for politicallimits, given as Leq-values for day, evening credibility—political goals differ too muchand night and for different land use areas are from what is done to improve the acousticeven more ambitious than those in Sweden.6 environment where it is bad.So, the gap between goals and reality is stillwider. The explanations for the bad situation A long-term devoted effort is needed toare similar to those in Brazil. 6make things substantially better. Actions areTable 6. Road traffic noise levels in L dn(dB) in 21 sites in Greater Cairo. 5AreaRoad No. 1L dn(dB)Road No. 2L dn(dB)Road no 3L dn(dB)Road No. 4L dn(dB)Center of the city - 85.3 75.8 70.6Naser City 87 86.4 74.6 68.2El-Ahram 86.8 81.4 72.4 66.6Hulwan 85.2 79.5 71.2 65.7Garden City - 79.9 73.2 64.2Old Cairo - 81.8 73.9 64.5040 50 60 70 80 90Road traffic noise level dBCairo Othersrequired on different levels. One obvioustask is to change the traffic culture: ban hornuse and loud music in cars, strict enforcementof speed limits, etc. Another task ismaintenance of vehicles. A reasonable demandis mufflers in good condition under allcircumstances. More modern cars and betterroad maintenance depend on the private andpublic economy and upon the priority givento the condition of the traffic system. Manyof the required improvements here are alsoessential for better traffic safety. Good governanceis a prerequisite.But even with excellent town planningand the traffic system in good condition,technically as well as culturally, theimmission levels cannot be brought downto fullfil the requirements of sustainabledevelopment because the noise emissionsfrom today’s vehicles are much toohigh. A lot has to be done to get a morereasonable balance between emission andimmission requirements. Road vehicles ingood condition need to be 10 dB quieterwhen used in ordinary traffic to givereasonable preconditions for the planning18 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March% Highly annoyedFigure 2. Results of a social survey inCairo. The results are also compared toother results from the literature (Schultzand others) From reference 5.

Workshop on Noise Policy DevelopmentsGeorge Maling and William Lang, Co-chairsThree sessions on noise policydevelopments were held during a one-dayworkshop at NOISE-CON 05, the 2005National Conference on Noise ControlEngineering. The sessions were heldon 2005 October 18 in Minneapolis,Minnesota, USA. The purpose of theworkshop was to present a summary ofthe discussions during the workshop,“Technology for a Quieter America,”sponsored by the National Academyof Engineering (NAE) and held inWashington, DC, on 2005 September13-15. That event was a “project scopingworkshop” in preparation for a consensusstudy on noise to be sponsored by the NAE.Opening RemarksGeorge Maling opened thefirst session by introducinghimself and co-chair, BillLang. He then made thefollowing opening remarks:When we were developingthis workshop, we decidedthat it would be a good idea to discusssome elements of the program thatwas started last February (2005) bythe National Academy of Engineering(NAE).Last February I received a phone callfrom the Academy expressing interestin my participation in a program whichwould likely lead to a consensus studyon noise in the United States. Ourfirst task was to appoint a SteeringCommittee; our second was to appointadvisors to that Steering Committee.Then the NAE asked us to plan ascoping workshop to be attended bystakeholders in the noise business—persons who represented organizations.Report on Technology fora Quieter AmericaWe spent a lot of time looking atstakeholders in the noise arena andidentified 23 government agenciesand more than 60 non-governmentalorganizations. The Academy sent outletters to these groups inviting themto participate in the workshop. Theorganizations themselves were todecide who would attend the workshop.We held the workshop September 13through 15 in 2005 and are now inthe process of producing a prospectusfor the National Academy on what wewould like to do as part of a consensusstudy in the next 30 months. (Aprospectus was approved by the NAEin 2006 January.—Ed.) From thiswork there will be a report with manyrecommendations. Thenthe question is “Who arethe customers for thoserecommendations and howdo we get some tractionin implementing what wethink, what we’ve done?”We selected the Steering Committeeand the advisors; in April we had aSteering Committee meeting to planthe September workshop. The NAErequires balanced committees withdifferent viewpoints represented. I wasasked to be the chair of the SteeringCommittee. Elliott Berger, RobertBernhard, Beth Cooper, PatriciaDavies, Ken Eldred, Carl Hansen,Mardi Hastings, Gerald Lauchle, andRichard Lyon comprised the SteeringCommittee. We had three advisors—Leo Beranek, Steve Crandall, andBill Lang. The Washington workshopwas titled “Technology for a QuieterAmerica.” Each morning we had fivepresentations. In the afternoons we hadfour separate panel discussions, andthe chairs reported back at a plenarysession at the end of each day. About70 persons attended the workshop.After some welcoming remarks onthe morning of the first day, the firsttechnical paper on cost-benefit analysis,“Overview of the Aviation PortfolioManagement Tool,” was given by KateHarback from MITRE. Second, RussellHutchinson, Association of EquipmentManufacturers, spoke on productnoise and manufacturing, mostly fromthe construction equipment industryviewpoint. Then Mark Stephenson andBill Murphy spoke on the program ofthe National Institute for OccupationalSafety and Health (NIOSH); and,finally, John Seiler gave us an overviewof regulations both for the Mine Safetyand Health Administration and theDepartment of Labor.The second day Arlene Mulder, VillagePresident (mayor) of Arlington Heights,Illinois, talked about noise problemsaround O’Hare Airport. Karl Dreherof CalTrans then spoke about highwaynoise problems. The next speaker,Arline Bronzaft, Mayor Bloomberg’sright-hand person on noise in New YorkCity, reviewed the City’s revision of itsordinances on noise. Bob Rossmancame from the National Park Service totalk about issues in the National Parksand Bob Bernhard talked about noisecontrol programs in higher education.The third day Carl Burleson, FAA,gave a talk on aviation and theenvironment. Richard Wlezienfrom NASA then gave a talk about20 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

NASA’s programs in aircraft noisereduction. Arnold Konheim from theDepartment of Transportation andMark Swanlund from the FederalHighway Administration spoke onsurface transportation noise reduction,and Eric Wood from RH Lyon/Acentechaddressed the issue of noise fromindustrial plants.There were 12 afternoon panels. The paneltitles and panel chairs were:1. Issues with respect to manufacturingcompetitiveness. Both export andimport issues. Panel co-chairs: BennettBrooks (Brooks Acoustics Corp.) andRobert Hellweg (Hewlett-Packard)2. Occupational noise exposure, hearingprotection devices, impact on:productivity, communications, safety,quality of life. Panel chair: Lee Hager(Sonomax Hearing Healthcare, Inc.)3. Metrics for a cost/benefit analysis ofnoise reduction. Panel chair: KateHarbach, (MITRE Corporation.)4. Potentially hazardous noise for usersof consumer products: personal musicdevices, children’s toys, recreationalvehicles. Panel chair: William Martin(Oregon Health Sciences University)5. The nature and extent of complaintsabout noise (suburban, urban,rural) and public demand for quietenvironments and products. Panelchair: Les Blomberg (Noise PollutionClearinghouse)6. Technical issues with respect tometrics/descriptors for communitynoise (annoyance, activity interference,noticeability). Panel chair: NicholasMiller (Harris, Miller, Miller andHanson)7. Noise insulation (from aircraft andhighway, etc.) in homes to control noiseexposure and improve quality of life.Panel chair: Eric Wood (Acentech, Inc.)8. Noise control engineering education andworkforce development. Panel chair:David Wormley (The PennsylvaniaState University)9. Annoyance from noise as a qualityof life issue, and its relationship toother sources of annoyance. Panelchair: Larry Finegold (Finegold & So,Consultants)10. Future directions in the design ofnoise barriers, quiet vehicles andquiet pavements. Panelchair: Gregg Fleming(John A. Volpe NationalTransportation SystemsCenter)11. Noise standards and designissues for rooms (schools,hospitals, offices, etc).Panel chair: RichardPeppin (Scantek, Inc.)12. Technology for the design of productswith lower noise and better soundquality.Panel chairs: Gordon Ebbitt(Carcoustics) and Richard Topping(TIAX LLC)The summaries of presentations beloware not intended to cover all aspects ofthe workshop in Washington, but areimpressions of what the twelve speakers inthis session took away from the workshop.Most of them were either panel chairs orspeakers in Washington.Minneapolis Session 1The four speakers in the morning sessionattended the NAE Washington workshop.Stephen Roth from Roth AcousticalAssociates represented the AcousticalTwelve AfternoonPanels at theWashington WorkshopSociety of America, Lawrence Finegoldfrom Finegold and So Consultants ran oneof the panel sessions, Les Blomberg fromthe Noise Pollution Clearinghouse was alsoa panel session chair, and Mardi Hastings,a member of the Steering Committee, wasfrom the Office of Naval Research.Stephen Roth: A Consultant’sPerspective on CommunityNoiseThe first speaker in the session wasStephen Roth. He said that the subject ofcommunity noise would be well coveredby Larry Finegold andEric Wood, and he gave aconsultant’s perspective oncommunity noise. Out offourteen of his projects inthe past year on communitynoise, he said, ten had A-weighted requirements. Theother four, all with the samemunicipality, had both A-weighted and octave band requirements.Steve then gave an overview of four of theprojects. The first was a school addition.There was a noise level ordinance inplace—45dB A-weighted, no octaveband requirements whatsoever. Largecondensing units were to be placed onthe roof of the addition. There was anapartment complex about 30 meters away,and some windows were on the sameelevation as the condensing units. He saidthat he ran the numbers, and the noiselevels were not going to be acceptable.At that point, he said, the equipmenthad already been ordered, and projectmanagement decided to wait and see whatthe outcome would be. Basically, theywould look at the situation and resolve it2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org21

after the fact—even though a solution thatmight involve barriers and other changesto the equipment would be very difficult.This, he said, happens frequently. Thereis a noise ordinance in place, there isinformation on the equipment, but thedecision makers don’t take the noiseinformation seriously.The second example was an emergencygenerator put into place in a switch-gearoperation and only run during the day,once every two weeks, to determine ifit was running properly or not. But theowners said that they wanted to makesure that, in case it had to run at nightbecause of power failure, it would meetthe nighttime requirement. The nighttimerequirement was 50 dB(A) at the propertyline of a complainant. In this case, hesaid, there was a silencer—perhaps notthe best one—specified, so insertion lossdata was available. It was predicted thatthe ordinance would be met; but, afterinstallation, it was not. Eventually it wasagreed that the insertion lossdata were correct so the unitdid not meet the expectedlevels based on that data. Thesituation was resolved byinstalling a second silencer—something that probablywould not have happened if there were noordinance. Unfortunately, he said, thereare some cost issues still to be resolved.A third interesting example was a largeexhaust fan creating community noise about1.6 km away—complaints coming from oneperson in one house. An ordinance level of55 dB(A) was easily met, but the complaintsarose from a strong 720 Hz tone generatedby the fan. The tone was barely audible, butthe owner of the industrial facility wanted tobe a good neighbor and installed a silencer.This, he said, is a case where there was acomplaint even though the ordinance wasmet by some 20 dB.The last example he offered was a scrapyard with a “car shredder” used to flattenautomobiles and almost anything else. ThePanel Session Nine andCommunity Noisemachine was in a valley, and there werecomplaints from 1.6 km away. Measurementswere made both close-in and at acomplainant’s location. In this case, therewas no ordinance in place; no objectivenoise level to design appropriate controls to.It will be very difficult to meet a subjectiveannoyance “criterion” for its neighbors.He concluded by saying that about 50percent of his practice is community noise,and about one-third of these projects haveno noise ordinance at all. When you’redealing with no noise ordinance, he said, itis very difficult to develop an appropriatesolution. A national noise program wouldbe very valuable.Larry Finegold: Effects ofCommunity NoiseThe charge for his panel session, he said,was twofold. First, to discuss and describethe current state of knowledge in each ofthe panelists’ particular areas of expertise,and then to develop a set of “testablehypotheses” which wouldprovide inputs to the followonNAE consensus study todetermine, when we havea much broader audience,how different agenciesand groups feel. He saidthat, since the panel session addressedthe effects of noise on people, there is aconsiderable amount that we already know.It is not a new topic, but there is a lot ofcontroversy still remaining on communityresponse issues. The panel spent about thefirst third of its time talking about what weknow today about community responses tonoise.He said that Europe is clearly ahead of theUnited States both in terms of researchconducted on the effects of noise and indeveloping adequate noise policies tominimize these effects. That is a situationwe here in the U.S. must correct. Inthe past we did really good work onenvironmental noise research and relatednoise policies; we need to do this again.He discussed the original 1978 “SchultzCurve” for assessment of communityannoyance and said that more recent studiesin the U.S. with a database three times thesize of Schultz’s resulted in a curve verysimilar to the original one. He pointedout that in Europe a set of three curves isbeing adopted—one for aircraft, one forroad traffic, and one for railway noise. Hequestioned the need for three curves forpublic policy purposes because, in the rangeof levels important for public policy, there isno clear difference between the curves.He said that the U.S. must be aware of andrespond to possible European restrictionson night flights because we need to fly ouraircraft, both passenger and cargo, intoEurope. With the time differences, landingrestrictions are going to be very severe andhave an economic impact on the UnitedStates. So, he said, there is a strong arelationship between noise effects researchand the decisions made by policy makers,particularly for aircraft noise.There has not been a major epidemiologiccardiovascular health effects study onnoise in the United States, he said; buta lot of work has been done on possiblehealth effects in Europe. We in the UnitedStates need to come up with the fundingnecessary to do similar research.He said that we don’t know what thecurrent levels of noise exposure are inthe United States. Europe has carried outexcellent studies so far and has a majornoise mapping program underway todescribe community noise exposure in themajor cities in Europe. We haven’t donethat here. Chronic exposure to communitynoise is linked to a probability of increasedrisk of physiological damage other than tojust the auditory system, including sucheffects as heart attacks, strokes, etc. Thisis a hypothesis that needs to be examined.Sleep disturbance is also a major problem;here we’re stating the obvious. But weare taking it as a hypothesis in order toformally collect data to either confirm ordeny this hypothesis.22 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Sonic booms will also be a communityproblem if small-sized supersonic aircraftare permitted to fly over land. There is amajor program now underway to developa small-sized supersonic business jet withefforts to minimize the effects of sonicbooms. This is a controversial area, butthe issue, he said, urgently needs to bediscussed here in the United States.In conclusion, he said thatwe have a wide ranging setof hypotheses that we cantalk about concerning thepotential negative effects ofcommunity noise on people.We pretty well know wherethe EU and the World HealthOrganization, which is a UNbody, stand on these issues.Now we need to considerwhat the U.S. positionshould be on these variouscommunity response issues because ourcommunity and broader environmentalnoise policies are considerably out of datein many areas. The U.S. governmentneeds to be convinced that noise effectsare a serious problem, and the governmentneeds to live up to its responsibility toadequately protect the U.S. populationfrom these effects. In order to moveforward, however, we need more dataon the extent of noise exposure and theextent of the negative effects of thisexposure. Also, more coordination withthe international community is needed tomake sure that we are in conformance withthe viewpoints of other major countries,including both those in Europe and Asia.The U.S. used to be a world leader on noiseeffects research and environmental noisepolicies. This preeminence sorely needsto be reestablished, both because of theeconomic implications and to adequatelyprotect the public health and welfare.Les Blomberg: Key Conceptsfor Community NoiseLes Blomberg chaired a panel session inWashington and said that we may not begoing about the development of nationalBlomberg:SovereigntyCivilityReciprocityCommunitynoise policy correctly. He doubted thatthe Congress will pass a noise bill; the“earmark” approach may be best becausethe Noise Control Act of 1972 stillexists. He said that he helped to write theQuiet Communities Act, which has beenintroduced in the House several times buthas gone nowhere (Introduced into the109th Congress as the Quiet CommunitiesAct of 2005, H.R. 2895.—Ed.). Bottom line,he said, we need to rethinkhow we can make progresson the noise issue.He said that, although hispanel session in Washingtonwas on noise complaints,the group quickly expandedit to noise complaintsand noise problems. Thegroup didn’t think thatcomplaints alone are a verygood description of whatis happening in the community vis-à-visnoise issues.Les believes that the four most importantconcepts in the realm of community noiseare sovereignty, civility, reciprocity, andcommunity. He explained these fourconcepts:• Sovereignty is an issue of: Who hasthe right to do what? Who has theright to pollute? Who doesn’t? Itis this conflict of rights that he callssovereignty.• Civility is a concept of how you treatyour neighbor. For the general publicnoise is not a technological issue;noise is an ethical issue. It’s an issueof sovereignty and rights. It’s an issueof civility. How do you treat yourneighbor? It’s an ethical issue—nottechnological.• Noise problems happen when there isn’treciprocity. As an example, if you mowyour lawn and I mow my lawn, wemake accommodations; it works. If Isee you outside with your family havinga picnic, I’m not going to mow that sideof the yard. I’ll do the other side or doit another day. Problems occur when2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.orgreciprocity isn’t present, when the noisetends to travel in one direction.• The final one, community, is similar toreciprocity. Most noise problems canoccur in situations where you don’thave a good sense of community. Myneighbor is a musician who loves tohave loud parties. He lives right acrossthe street from me. He knows what Ido for a living. We’re good friends, sowhat does he do? He says “Les, I’mhaving a party, you’re invited.” Orhe says “If it gets too loud, just giveme a call and I’ll turn it down.” It isdifficult to noise pollute a friend, orto wake up at 2 am someone who istaking your children to school at 7am, or having you over for dinner thatnight. Most noise polluters either do soanonymously, or take a more bullyingattitude that they do not care aboutothers’ reactions.You can understand noise problems best,he said, by understanding those fourconcepts, and they have nothing to do withtechnology; they have nothing to do withsound level meters; they have nothing todo with metrics. Technology may be ableto reduce noise impacts, but at its core, anoise problem is an ethical problem.Mardi Hastings: Sciencebase,Education and Training,Ship Quieting, LegislationMardi said that there were four key pointsthat she got from the NAE workshop.The first is that policy needs a scientificbasis. She said that we need to be moreconcrete than speaking about complaintsand annoyance, and that noise is generally avery small part of an environmental budget.As a result, science is a key factor; and it isnecessary to keep science focused on policy.A second key point is the need for publiceducation. She said that there is a generallack of awareness of the effects of noiseon hearing, and that parents often haveno idea of the volume of the sound in theheadsets going directly into the ears oftheir children. She said that if we do not23

United States. Residential sound insulationprojects have been ongoing for many yearsat major airports in Europe and the UnitedStates. He said that the Nation has spentover one billion USD insulating homes andschools near airports.The purpose of residential soundinsulation projects near airports isto address a barrier tothe growth of our airtransportation industryby reducing the noise thatintrudes into people’shomes and schools.Industry and governmentagencies also continueworking together todevelop quieter commercial aircraft.He believes that the sound insulationprograms in homes and schools in theUnited States are effective and wellreceived by the home owners and theteachers in the schools.Of the homeowners and teachers we’vespoken to, 75 to 80 percent believethe programs are effective. The fewcomplaints that we do receive aregenerally related to scheduling whenthe contractor came or perhaps thecontractor didn’t clean up quite enough,but the homeowners are happy with thereduction of noise within their homes.He said it is important to havetechnologically effective and economicallyfeasible codes, guidelines and standardsthat are not only written but are enforced,for the design and construction of homesand schools being built near an airport.And there’s another metric needed. TheFAA uses the day-night sound level, buta better metric is needed. We shouldsupplement the day-night sound level witha metric that quantifies how loud a noisegets at the homes that are near airports.Eric also believes we need to do a betterjob of modeling low-frequency noiseand vibration from aircraft and rail lines.Insulation methods must be improved toResidential SoundInsulation Programs arePopular With the Publicaddress the intrusion of low-frequencynoise into people’s homes. In the soundinsulation program for Boston’s LoganAirport the homeowner is given the optionof selecting one room in the house, oftenthe bedroom or TV room, in which toinstall a double-wall construction. It doesuse up a bit of the real estate inside theroom, but double-wallconstruction is one way toreduce the intrusion of lowfrequencynoise.Also, he said that furtherdevelopment of higherbypassratio engines inthe future will result inless noise in people’s homes and schoolsaround airports. A threshold of 65 dBday-night sound level is now used by theFAA. Because of the technology that’sbeen developed over the past 30 yearsmany believe that this threshold should bereduced to 60 or 55 dB.He believes that the application of ournew standards for schoolrooms willimprove the learning environment for ourchildren and grandchildren including thoseattending schools near airports. It’s notonly important for the average student,it’s important for students where Englishis not their first language and for studentswho have a hearing handicap. He closedby saying that sound insulation programsincrease the energy efficiency of homesand schools, which is an increasinglyimportant goal of the United States—energy efficiency.Nicholas Miller: Metrics forCommunity NoiseThe next speaker was Nicholas Millerwho chaired an afternoon panel session inWashington on metrics. After a great dealof discussion about current metrics, it wasconcluded that there is a plethora of typesavailable and that their current usage isvariable and inconsistent with inconsistentdocumentation. He took as one example theorigin of the day-night sound level (DNL):If we want to find out how DNL 65 waschosen, for example, he believes we maynot be able to do that. We can get close,but you can’t find any documentation asto why that was chosen. The closest I’vecome to it is some of the work that TedSchultz did for HUD way back when andsome of the early EPA work that was EPAsponsored in 1973 or so. But to get the 65,I’m not sure it’s possible.He said that currently-used metricsoversimplify or understate the effects ofcommunity noise—non-auditory healtheffects, sleep loss, quality of life, etc.One of his thoughts is that what we’redoing now in most of the above areas,especially transportation noise wherethe federal agencies have processes andprocedures, is based on assumptions andideas and some research from the 1970s.They’ve been frozen into the process, hesaid, without asking the questions in anorganized way “Were they right?” “Shouldwe change them?” “What better could wedo?” and “What have we learned?”The inability to enjoy “natural quiet” inAmerica’s parks and wilderness areasdegrades the quality of life for manyAmericans. He said that he and hiscompany have worked for about 15 yearsfor the National Park Service on just thisissue. That one concept alone, he said,could use enormous research to quantifywhat enjoying natural quiet means.Nick said that the appropriate metrics ofsound depend upon the desired applicationsand not “one size fits all.” Metrics mustbe related directly to the response oreffects or concerns. We’re certainlyfinding that DNL doesn’t correlate to sleepinterference. It does include the night time“weighting” but that appears inadequateto correlate well with sleep disturbance.Perhaps sleep disturbance is toocomplicated to characterize with simplyone all night measure. The appropriateemission and immission metrics can be2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org25

identified or developed and harmonizedto provide the basis for setting guidelines,standards and/or regulations for a quieterAmerica. That’s the biggest hypothesis ofall—that it is possible to identify metricsto control noise. I don’t think we’veconvinced ourselves that it’s possible yet.However, he said that metrics andassociated limits can be identified ordeveloped for specific applications forall land use categories, including butnot limited to residential, rural, urban,commercial, and public lands; and, ifimplemented and enforced, will result in aquieter America.Some hospital association criteria that aredeveloped, usually for the same type ofsources. Some of the states have relevantregulations.One of the things, he said, that came outof the discussion was that the existingcriteria, such as for sleep disturbance andspeech interference, really do not accountfor all populations. Generally, they arefocused on the average hearing adult. Butdo they really focus on youngsters, infants,the elderly, people who have a disability?They don’t. Those are the currentconditions; we need to provide greaterawareness.failure and delay. Bennett believes that isa “hot-button” issue and something that weall would benefit from by studying.He said that another topic of interest tothe panel was indoor noise in hospitalsand health facilities. High noise levels inretirement, nursing, and assisted-livinghomes can significantly degrade the qualityof life and communication comfort, leadingto increased isolation. That hypothesishighlights an area that’s gaining a lot ofattention. A related issue is speech privacyin health care facilities. The federal HIPPAact mandates privacy but offers no criteriaor design guidelines.Bennett Brooks:Indoor NoiseThe next speaker wasBennett Brooks who did notdiscuss the manufacturingcompetitiveness panel sessionthat he chaired with RobertHellweg. He said that thepanel chaired by RichardPeppin was the only one thatdiscussed noise indoors as anissue, and that he wanted tomake some comments on thatpanel. The current conditions,he said, are that we have:Some performance criteria for classroomsthat were recently developed for ANSIStandard S12.60.Room noise criteria basically asguidelines—there’s nothing mandatoryabout them—in ANSI S12.2, which iscurrently under revision and should be outsoon. But there really is not a developedprocedure for measuring these quantities inthat standard.Measurements for building isolation; wehave ratings.Guidelines from textbooks—the othershere can attest to that—and from ASHRAEas well.Brooks: The PoorAcoustical Environmentof Schools isResponsible forSignificant EducationalFailure and DelayHe said that the panel feltit was very important toharmonize the quantitiesfor the description of noiseimmissions (the receivednoise) and the emissions.Their use in prescribinguniform limits is importantto the preservation ofhearing in occupationalsituations. The panel askedif we should be studyinglower limit levels thanexist today for hearingconservation—as are inplace in the European Union.With regard to classroom acoustics, hesaid that a testable hypothesis was thathigh noise levels and reverberation in U.S.classrooms are an impediment to learning.Probably most of us in this room wouldsay “Why do we need to test that?” Againthat’s one of the hypotheses which manyof us feel is absolutely true, but where arethe data? We need to have more data; weneed longitudinal studies on educationalsettings to show, categorically, what thecause and effect—the dose responseeffect—is on learning.A corollary to that is that the pooracoustical environment of schools isresponsible for significant educationalHe said that the group felt room-noisecriteria will be difficult to implementwithout standardization and advancesin measurement technology. So thehypothesis is: Do room noise criteria,including level and quality, reallymeasure comfort, communication, andfunctionality? The group believes thatperhaps this could be improved; we shouldtest that hypothesis and see if it’s true.Minneapolis Session 3Richard Lyon: A New NoiseControl Research and DevelopmentProgram (NC R&D)The first speaker in the third sessionwas Richard H. Lyon who spoke onnoise reduction in product design andmanufacturing competitiveness. Hesaid that new technology is needed forproduct design, and that education is ofkey importance and closely linked toresearch. He suggested an R&D programfor new technology modeled generallyon the government’s SBIR/STTRprogram. The SBIR (Small BusinessInnovative Research) supports R&D insmall businesses and the STTR (SmallBusiness Technology Transfer) programis for cooperative research between smallbusinesses and certain categories ofresearch institutions.Every government agency that supportsresearch has to set aside 2½ percent of26 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

its research funds in the SBIR programand 1½ percent in the STTR program tosupport small businesses and researchorganizations (mostly universities) in thedevelopment of new technology. Thisnew NC R&D program would encouragetechnology to be developed through theresearch of private R&D organizations,research institutes, universities, andgovernment laboratories. That’s like theway that the SBIR works except that itwould not be limited to small business.Cooperative programs between theseinstitutions in terms of program projectswould be encouraged.Another aspect of the SBIR program tobe copied in the NC R&D program is thatthe people doing the research keep theproprietary rights. If there is intellectualproperty developed which has financialvalue, the small companies and theorganizations that developed the researchwould retain that value. Then the licensingof this technology to industry would beencouraged and facilitated.He said the first goal wouldbe to produce designengineers who can includenoise issues into products.The second goal would betechnical demonstrationprojects that show howstructures, components, andassemblies can be designedfor better sound. As anexample, there are severaluniversities that have “capstone” senioryear design courses. Typically, a team ofstudents receives a charge to define or tofind a technological solution to a statedproblem. NC R&D funding could go tosupport these demonstration projects.R&D funding to universities, privatecompanies, and government laboratorieswould be provided for noise reductionstudies. The technology generated in theprogram would be available to industrythrough licensing and other agreements;Lyon: A New Model forNoise Control Researchand Development isNeededit would not be locked in to a particularindustry, or a particular company.Licensing fees could then be a supplementto the research funding from the program.There are three components to this“imagine” program. One of them is theresearch agency. The job of the researchagency would be first of all to definethe research agenda based on the needsidentified by the support group. It wouldissue calls for proposals and topic listsbased on inputs from research groupsand from the industry agenda. It wouldwork with the support groups to handlefunds and facilitate technology transferand would receive and evaluate proposalsfrom the research groups. It wouldaward contracts and administer reportingand legal arrangements and supportcommercialization through better, quietercomponents, and better designs. One ofthe desired aspects of the SBIR programis to promote commercialization whichmeans connecting the small R&D group orthe university group with a company thatcan help carry it forward as aproduct. That would also bea goal of this program.The second componentis the supporting group,that is the people whoare providing the money:government agencies,industry trade associations,private individuals, andfoundations concerned withthe economic strength of the U.S., theenvironment, health, and welfare.The third component is the R&Dcommunity. That would include universityresearchers, engineering projectsand capstone design courses. Manyengineering departments are institutingteam project courses that have as their goala design in a device or system to solvea problem; that would be a natural inputto this activity. Government laboratoriesand major R&D organizations would beanother component. An R&D group withGeneral Motors could be a part of thisprogram as long as the work that cameout of it was available to all on a licensebasis. These are all groups that would becandidates to carry out the research. Thisis different from the SBIR because, in thatprogram, only companies that have fewerthan 500 employees are eligible for theSBIR programAs noted, the intellectual property (IP) thatcomes out of the work would be availableto all on licensing arrangements. Of coursethat’s different than if a group within acompany develops a product - they caneither hide it or they can use it exclusivelyon their own. If they are supported by thisprogram, the technology has to be availablethrough various licensing arrangements toall subscribers.He closed by saying that such a programwould be a way to support R&D inuniversities, produce more noise controlengineers, and provide a much needednew technology base for quieter and bettersounding products.Robert Hellweg: Hypotheseson ManufacturingCompetitivenessThe next speaker was Robert Hellwegwho spoke on the hypotheses that werediscussed in the panel on manufacturingcompetitiveness which he chaired withBennett Brooks. His presentation coveredthe six hypotheses recommended by thepanel with his own observations andpersonal opinions.He presented the following hypotheses thatneed further consideration. The first is:1) Noise requirements from abroadare increasingly placed on products,machinery, and equipment, especiallyby the European Union. The applicationof current noise control technologycan assist American industry to meetrequirements on noise emissions witha minimum of expense and thereby2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org27

improve international competitivenesswhile increasing customer satisfactionin domestic markets. In many casesthe development of new technologyor the new application of existingtechnology will be needed to achievecompetitiveness.What sort of requirements do we have onproduct noise? There are several types ofrequirements in Europe and worldwide thatwe do not have in the United States. Theproducts that we sell in other regions orcountries have to meet their criteria.He reviewed some of the Europeanrequirements on product noise, and notedthe Community Outdoor EquipmentDirective. The Machinery SafetyDirective, which puts criteria not only onthe full emissions from the product but alsolabeling requirements, is based on hearinglossprotection.There are also indirect laws and regulationsand criteria on products, he said. Oneexample is the European Physical AgentsDirective on noise (2003/10/EC) whichestablishes maximum sound pressure levelsthat workers may be exposed to in the workplace, analogous to U.S. OSHA criteria,but with more stringent requirements onsound levels. Manufacturers of equipmentgoing into machine shops and industrymust produce products that will allow theemployer to comply with the Directive.This Physical Agents Directive, he said, alsohas lower sound pressure levels at whichactions need to be started by the employer.The action levels, he said, are 7 dB lowerthan the criteria levels, and the criterialevels are lower than U.S. OSHA limits.There is a third type of criteria, he said,that has become popular around the worldbut not yet in the United States. Those arethe criteria for environmental eco-labelsfor products. Parts of their criteria arefor noise emission levels, and those noisecriteria have to be met before a productcan be labeled as environmentally friendly.For example, there are eco-label noisecriteria on appliances, computers, andconsumer products.Another hypothesis from the panel was:2) Low noise and high sound qualityimprove the competitiveness ofAmerican products both in the UnitedStates and abroad.This needs to be addressed with respectto the United States market. He said thatlow noise levels may not be as importantin the United States as theyare in Europe and Japan, butthey are a driver. He saidthat the trend in a globalizedmanufacturing economy isto produce products with thesame noise emissions forall markets. In many caseseconomies of scale make itless expensive to implementthe most stringent noiseemission requirements in allproducts rather than have different designs.Bob said that the third hypothesis:3) The United States should participatemore actively in the developmentof noise policies (i.e., requirements,standards, laws) that are internationalin scope.In the United States, with its voluntarystandards system, it is difficult toparticipate fully in international standardswork, whereas most other countriesprovide government funding forparticipation in standards work.He commented on two additionalhypotheses that should be considered:4) A greater awareness and understandingof product noise and the ability todesign quieter products will lead tothe demand for and design of quietermachines and equipment.5) Consumers and purchasers are willingto pay more for quieter products.Hellweg: The Trend…isto Products With theSame Noise Emissionsfor all MarketsWe can see that there is extensive researchon sound quality in automobiles toimprove the interior noise. Clearly theremust be a market for that; otherwise theautomobile companies would not beinvesting resources for producing quieterautomobiles.The last hypothesis that the panel recommendedhad to do with the nature of thecontrol and market forces and regulations.6) Regulations might be appropriate forproduct noise that affects the publicor non-user or has hearinglossissues for the users.However, market forces areappropriate for product noisethat affects only the users.He concluded by sayingthat the panel had muchdiscussion on this lasthypothesis. For exampleconsider air conditioners.The noise inside thehouse should be decided by the personpurchasing that air conditioner. But whatabout the neighbor who is 3 meters awayand exposed to the air conditioner noisefrom another dwelling? That neighborneeds to have some protection which is notobtained by market forces. Automobilenoise is another good example. Marketforces are driving interior noise reductionbut are not helping to improve exterior orenvironmental noise. So we think this lasthypothesis should be studied in detail.Patricia Davies: SoundQuality and Product DesignWorkshop Session 12 on sound qualitywas chaired by Gordon Ebbitt and RichardTopping, but Patricia Davies gave asummary of what came out of the sessionIn this panel, she said, we decided tosummarize current conditions, keyindustries which are interested in soundquality—automotive, appliances, powergarden equipment, office equipment,industrial products, medical, and aircraft.28 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

We also made a note that, even thoughwe were focusing on products andmanufacturing in terms of quantificationof sound and the perception of sound,there are parallel needs in quantification ofcommunity noise.Sound quality is about sound, and there ismore to sound than just levels. However,level (loudness) is a very importantattribute of sound. We do see that someindustries and some product manufacturersclearly are aware of these other soundattributes. Somebody pointed out that weknow lots of things, but better practices arenot always followed.Two hypotheses are:• It is more economical and effective ifnoise control is designed into a productfrom the earliest stages of design, andnot as an afterthought.• Noise control should be integrated intoproduct design curricula.She said that most of us who work inengineering departments note that thedesign classes do not often, or ever, includeanything to do with acoustics. We haveacoustics classes and noise control classes,but product design and acoustics aretaught as two separate items. For noise tobe taken seriously, all engineers, not justthose interested in acoustics, should beaware of noise issues in product design andalso that there is a need for more productdesign tools. A comment was made thatcurrent software used in product design isinsufficient for predicting product noise.So engineers are somewhat hamperedbecause there aren’t the design tools to helpthem do this. There are measures that existto quantify perception of product soundcharacteristics, and we could incorporatethese objective measures into the design ofthe desirable machinery sound.She continued with some personalcomments:Our perception of product soundand how noise affects people ina community are to do with howhumans process sounds. Contextplays an important role in our ultimateassessment of that noise., but thereare a lot of commonalities betweencommunity noise perception andproduct noise perception. It worriesme at conferences that I don’t see many“community noise people” attendingsound quality sessions nor “productsound quality people” attendingcommunity noise sessions. I think weneed to talk to each other a lot more.At the workshop, somebody made acomment that we knew all this 30 yearsago. In the last 30 years there’s been ahuge increase in our understanding ofhow humans process sound and soundperception. And yet we don’t actually usethat information in most of our metrics.Thirty years ago they used what theyknew about people’s response to soundin the metrics they developed, but we’vemoved on and now know a lot more.However, it seems to me that we arereluctant to change and incorporate thismore recent knowledge.When I talk to people about sound quality,I find that they’re oftenusing metrics that I thinkare wholly inadequate, inthat they do not incorporatecurrent understanding ofhow we (people) processsound. When this ispointed out, very soon inthe discussion, instead offocusing on moving forwardin improving metrics step by step byincorporating what we know and thusmaking progress, these discussions oftenfocus on “You can’t have a perfect modelbecause of this, this, and this.” I think thatattitude, of wanting to go from the ‘familiarand inadequate’ to ‘perfect’ in one step (animpossibility), hampers us from makingprogress in this field.While a lot of the discussion is focused onmetrics and metrics certainly are useful,we should remember that they are not thewhole story; you shouldn’t be bound bythem and end up doing a bad job.There are a lot of connections madebetween context and sound. Sound isdesirable in some cases because it conveysinformation about the product. But peopleare hearing the sound and processing it,and it is possible to develop metrics thatquantify that, though it may be difficultto do. Because these product-specificattributes are important, doesn’t meanthat attributes like loudness and othersound attributes are not important; they allcontribute to our perception of the productsound, and thus the product quality.Gerald Lauchle: NoiseControl EngineeringEducation TodayGerald Lauchle was part of the team thatassisted Penn State Dean of EngineeringDavid Wormley in his presentationat the September workshop. DeanWormley, he said, is a key educator in theUnited States and also very influentialin the Engineering Deans Council ofthe American Society for EngineeringEducation, of which he is a director.This group summarized whatthey felt were the currentDavies: There isconditions in education innoise control engineering,More to Sound and then formulated a setof hypotheses that shouldThan Just Levels be tested in order to decideif more or less education isneeded. But certainly thefield needs formal education,not only in noise control engineering as atechnology itself—we have mechanicalengineering, aerospace engineering, andthose types of subjects—but also we needto have substantial education opportunitiesin the fields of audiology, conservation ofhearing, and industrial hygiene. Acousticshas often been incorporated into theseprograms, but there are many institutionsthat do not include acoustics to the extentthey should.2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org29

He said that every engineering curriculumin the United States should have somedescription of acoustics or noise controlproblems the students—freshmen—aregoing to experience in whatever disciplinethey are likely to undertake during theircareers as students. Noise control andacoustics are not taught in introductorygeneral engineering courses, he said, andthat situation ought to be improved.He discussed the supply and demand situationand one of the “testable hypotheses”brought up at the September workshoprelated to the level of education that isexpected of a noise control engineer. Heasked “…is a specialty degree all that isnecessary; some kind of certificationthat may be obtainedfrom a continuing educationshort course that may last sixmonths or only a couple ofweeks? Is that adequate? Orare we requiring as much asa full-blown graduate with amasters or PhD?”With regard to therequirement for a graduatedegree, he said there’s probably not enoughformal degree granting institutions thatoffer those degrees. So, therefore, thecommunity at large depends on thesecertification programs that we see comingup in the various private sectors andindustries. The quality of these non-credit,post-graduate degree programs needs to bequestioned. Again going back to, “Who’sgoing to teach? How well qualified arethe teachers? Do they have an adequatereservoir of instrumentation, laboratoryspace, and things like that so people canget hands-on training where they canactually work with sound level meters andmicrophones? Will they know how towork with pass-by noise from highways,that sort of thing?” These require afairly substantial physical infrastructurewith whatever organization is doing theinstruction. Not many universities havethis resource.Bernhard: Thereare Three DifferentLanguages inNoise ControlJerry expressed concern about the lackof a degree in noise control engineering.There appears not to be any engineeringdiscipline that’s called noise controlengineering that you can go to UniversityXYZ to obtain. You can get a degree inmechanical engineering with perhaps asmall emphasis on noise control as partof a minor in mechanical engineering.But there is no sheepskin that actuallysays: “I’m a noise control engineer at thebaccalaureate level.” So this is a questionthat needs to be addressed for our future.He said that professionalism in noisecontrol engineering has been a veryactive topic within the Institute of NoiseControl Engineering, andthere has been a great dealof discussion about theequivalency of the INCEProfessional Examinationand a State license topractice engineering. Heconcluded that if we aregoing to be competitive inproduct design, we musthave the engineers to do it.Robert Bernhard: FutureNeeds in Noise ControlEngineering EducationThe final speaker in the workshop was RobertJ. Bernhard who gave an overview ofhis presentation on noise control engineeringeducation from the NAE workshop.He spoke of three aspects to the problem.The first was the need for noise controlspecialists, the second related to currentcapacity, and the third was how universitiesoperate when they consider increasingthe amount of funding for noise controlengineering education.He said that he couldn’t find anycomprehensive surveys of how manynoise control technologists are practicingin the United States today, but indicationsfrom a number of sources indicate thatthere is a need for at least 200 to 300noise control engineers per year in theUnited States—not a very high number,and perhaps conservative considering theIT industry, the automotive industry, theairframe industry, consultants, etc. He saidthat the need could be two to three timesthat number, and that a very competitivesituation exists in the automotive industry.He commented that many personspracticing noise reduction were hiredas professionals in related fields such asaerodynamics and structural mechanics.Bob described the following three‘languages’ of noise control.• People who are educated in acousticswho think in terms of waves and howthings propagate to infinity.• People who are educated, usuallyin vibrations, who think about finitesystems; and, therefore, think in termsof modes.• People who practice engineeringcontrols who tend to work withabsorption and transmission loss; thesepeople have the language of dB’ese.Very few of the practitioners that Bobinteracts with are trilingual. His test forsomebody with a graduate degree, atleast from Purdue University, is whetherthey are able to talk in any of these threelanguages as needed for the application.He said that there are only about twelveuniversities in the United States that haveprograms in noise control engineering, andthat the total number of M.S. and Ph.D.graduates is close to about 30. The supplyof individuals with an undergraduatedegree who have had an elective coursein engineering or architecture that coversnoise control, decibels, etc. is probably inthe range 100-200, so the demand clearlyexceeds the supply.To compensate for this, he said, companiesoften bring noise control specialists intocorporate laboratories—which can becounterproductive if the objective is to getnoise control into the design of products. If30 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

specialists in corporate laboratories becomeinvolved in noise control late in the designprocess, he said, the solutions often involve"band-aid" treatments, and the specialistsmay become discouraged with progress innoise control.A second strategy often employed, he said,is continuing education, but short courseshave their limits because the depth ofunderstanding is not always sufficient.Bob believes that the challenge is to getuniversities to respond to the situation. Hesaid that lack of a noise control engineeringaccreditation program is a problem sinceuniversities often build their offeringsaround such programs. Secondly, he said,it is necessary to convince universitiesthat noise control is a national priority anda global challenge. He also said that inhiring young faculty members, universitiesare concerned about long-term fundingpotential, and he discussed what externalfunding is required to sustain the researchprogram of a faculty member – perhaps400,000 USD per year. Currently, hesaid, there is little funding and a lack ofadvocacy for noise control engineeringin universities, partly because it is nota mainstream environmental issue and,being an interdiscipinary subject, crossesdepartment boundaries.Editor’s Note: A prospectus was preparedfor approval by NAE management followingthe Washington workshop, and approvalwas obtained in 2006 January. A newSteering Committee for the consensusstudy has been appointed, and workwill begin in 2006 April. The study isexpected to be complete and a report withrecommendations will be issued 30 monthsfrom the inception of the study.2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org31

PrecisionAcoustical MeasurementsMeasurement MicrophonesAcoustical measurements are only as good as the mic. ACOPacific’s Type 1 & Type 1.5 “Alternative” family of mics,ACOustical Interface, Simple Intensity Systems rankwith the best. The PS9200KIT, SI7KIT, 7052SYS (ICP (PCB) )offer complete measurement mic system solutions.“Very Random” Noise Generator, and the new SpecialtyPreamps including the RA and RAS right angle versions.ACO Pacific, Inc.2604 Read Ave., Belmont, CA 94002 USATel: (650) 595-8588 • FAX:(650) 591-2891www.acopacific.com • e-mail: acopac@acopacific.comACOustics Begins With ACO32 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Asia-Pacific News ................................................................... Marion Burgess, Asia-Pacific EditorASIA PACIFIC REGIONAsia Pacific Vice PresidentChangeIt was with regret that at the 2005 meeting ofthe I-INCE General; Assembly, the resignationof Masaru Koyasu as the I-INCE Vice Presidentfor the Asia Pacific region was accepted. Hiscontributions to the Board and its variousactivities was acknowledged. Prof Koyasu hasbeen a leader for acoustics in the region for manydecades. In particular he had the important roleas Chair for the most successful INTER-NOISEe94 congress. From January 2006, his role as AsiaPacific Vice President is to be taken on by MarionBurgess from AustraliaAUSTRALIAACTIVE 06ACTIVE 06, The 2006 International Symposiumon Active Control of Sound and Vibration,is being organized by the South AustralianDivision of the Australian Acoustical Society.The Symposium will be held on 2006 September18-20 at the University of Adelaide. This isconveniently located on North Terrace, a shortwalk from the Adelaide Central Business District.The University of Adelaide is easily accessibleby walking from all the recommended hotels.The Symposium is a continuation of the seriesof ACTIVE symposia which have been held invarious countries since 1995. Internet: www.active2006.com. (See the travel planning articlebeginning on page 8 of this issue.—Ed.)CitySounds - Acoustic DesignResourceThe City of Melbourne and RMIT University’sSpatial Information Architecture Laboratoryhave developed the CitySounds2 AcousticDesign Resource to provide information to assistarchitects, builders, developers and residentsto minimize noise when designing, renovatingor solving noise problems in city apartments.Using web design and audio software to create avirtual CBD living space, the program lets usershear real sounds of Melbourne and learn ways toreduce noise levels entering homes. A series offact sheets have also been developed to providecomprehensive and accessible information onacoustic design considerations.Internet: www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/noiseJAPANTime Interval for AssessingConstruction NoiseConstruction noise is one of the serious problems incity areas. It is reported by the Ministry of Environmentthat the complaint of this noise accounts for 28percent of all complaints for outdoor noises such asindustrial noise, traffic noise, commercial activitynoise and neighbor’s noise. Noise regulations andlimits do exist for individual construction work, butit is a kind of noise emission regulation. There is noguideline from a viewpoint of immission management.A discussion is arising for assessing constructionnoise in a technical committee in INCE/Japan. Thebottleneck is the time interval for determination ofL Aeq. Since the construction noise occurs on and off,and sometimes very high and very low. Consideringthe compliance with social response to this noise, thereference time interval to be counted is the key. Thediscussion is still continuing.—News from Japan contributed by Kohei YamamotoKOREAWESPAC IX 2006The 9th Western Pacific Acoustics Conference willbe held June 26-28, 2006 in Seoul, Korea, the Landof Morning Calm. The program will include paperson a wide range of acoustics topics along with atechnical exhibition and a full social program. Thisconference is a wonderful opportunity to find outabout the latest advances in all areas of acoustics aswell as meeting with colleagues from our region ofthe globe. Those who attended the excellent Wespacconference in Melbourne will know the benefits thatcan be gained from attending Wespac conferences.Information from http://www.wespac9.orgTHAILANDWWW ResourceMichel Rosmolen, an acoustical engineer fromHolland, based in Thailand since 2002 has sethimself the challenge of setting up a worldwidecontinued on page 40Thanks toProfessorMasaru Koyasufor his Serviceto InternationalINCE2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org33

Pan-American News..............................................................Paul R. Donavan, Pan-American Editor5,000 AdditionalHomes to beInsulated Beforethe O’HareModernizationProgram isCompletedCANADACAA Annual Conference to be heldin Halifax, Nova ScotiaThe 2006 annual conference of the CanadianAcoustical Association will be held in Halifax, 2006October11-13. There will be two and a half days ofparallel sessions of papers on all areas of acousticsand auditory perception, as well as an interestingarray of exhibits detailing acoustical products. Therewill be an exhibition of acoustical products and theopportunity for interaction between various industrypartners. Student members who make presentationscan apply for travel support and can apply to winone of a number of student presentation awards.The conference will be held at the Citadel HalifaxHotel located in downtown Halifax. The deadlinefor submission abstracts is 16 June 2006. Forinformation see the CAA website.CHILEIberoAmerican Congress onAcoustics to be held in Santiago,ChileOn 2006 October 25-28, the 5th IberoAmericanCongress on Acoustics will be held in Santiago,Chile. This meeting combines the ChileanMeeting on Acoustics 2006, the 2006 Congress onEngineering Acoustics (INGEACUS 2006) andthe Seminar of Acoustics 2006 (SEMACUS 2006)together with the IberoAmerican congress. Theprogram will include invited lectures, technicalsessions, poster sessions, round table discussions,and new technical products and services.General topics will include EnvironmentalAcoustics, Buildings Acoustics, Effects ofNoise, Instrumentation and Measurement,Psychoacoustics, Architectural Acoustics, Vibro-Acoustics, and Vibration Isolation and Damping.Abstracts are due by March 31, 2006, and fullpapers are due by June 30, 2006. For moreinformation see www.fia2006.cl.USAONCC Officially Accepts Role inO’Hare Modernization ProgramThe O’Hare Noise Compatibility Commission(ONCC) adopted a resolution on 2006 February10 formally accepting the Commission’s aircraftnoise mitigation role in the O’Hare ModernizationProgram (OMP) as directed in the FAA’s Record ofDecision for the OMP. The Record of Decision wasissued on September 30, 2005. The FAA designatedthe ONCC to continue overseeing the residentialsound insulation program with a directive thatapproximately 5,000 additional homes be insulatedbefore the OMP is completed.In addition, the FAA charged the ONCC withcontinued oversight of the O’Hare School SoundInsulation Program and the Fly Quiet Program, aswell as responsibilities for evaluating changes to theAirport Noise Monitoring System and other aircraftrelatednoise issues related to the reconfiguration ofthe airport.The O’Hare Noise Compatibility Commissionbegan working in 1996 to bring together the partiesthat are most able to reduce aircraft noise withrepresentatives of communities affected by aircraftnoise in a partnership to address jet noise at itsimpact and sources.The Commission’s current membership includes thevillages of Arlington Heights, Bartlett, Bellwood,Elmwood Park, Franklin Park, Hoffman Estates,Maywood, Melrose Park, Mount Prospect, Niles,Norridge, Palatine, River Grove, River Forest,Rosemont, Schaumburg and Stone Park and; thecities of Des Plaines, Northlake, Oak Park, ParkRidge, Rolling Meadows and Chicago; CookCounty; and school districts 59 (Elk Grove Village,Des Plaines, Arlington Heights, Mount Prospect), 63(Des Plaines, Niles, Morton Grove and Glenview),80 (Norridge), 81 (Schiller Park), 84 (FranklinPark), 84½ (River Grove), 85½ (River Grove),86 (Harwood Heights), 87 (Berkeley, Northlake,Bellwood), 88 (Bellwood, Melrose Park, Stone Park)89 (Maywood, Melrose Park and Broadview ), 214(Elk Grove Village, Des Plaines, Arlington Heights,Mount Prospect, Rolling Meadows, ProspectHeights, Wheeling, Buffalo Grove), 234 (Norridge,Harwood Heights), 299 (Chicago Public Schools)and 401 (Elmwood Park).34 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

More information about the Commission, includingits meeting schedule, can be found at www.oharenoise.org.Vibration Institute AnnouncesSymposiumThe Vibration Institute announces its 2006 TechnicalSymposium and Annual Meeting to be held inLouisville, Kentucky on 2006 June 19–22 at theGalt House Hotel & Suites. The Symposium willinclude technical papers in various vibration analysisdisciplines, including, rolling element bearings,precision spindles, journal bearings, gearboxes,modal analysis/ODS, alarm setting and others.Several short courses will also be offered for:Dynamic Balancing, Shaft Alignment, and VibrationAnalysis. Additionally, ISO Certification Tests willbe given for various Vibration Analysts categoriesand the new Vibration Institute Basic BalancingCertification.For more information on the Symposium or to register,contact the Vibration Institute at +1 630 654 2254 orvisit the website at http://www.vibinst.org.ANSI Announces Newly RevisedStandard on Long-term CommunityResponse to NoiseThe American National Standards Institute hasannounced the availability of a newly revisedstandard, ANSI S12.9-1996/Part 4, entitled“Quantities and Procedures for Description andMeasurement of Environmental Sound – Part 4:Noise Assessment and Prediction of Long-termCommunity Response”. This standard specifiesmethods to assess environmental sounds and topredict the annoyance response of communitiesto long-term noise from any and all types ofenvironmental sounds produced by one or moredistinct or distributed sound sources. The soundsources may be separate or in various combinations.Application of the method of the standard is limitedto areas where people reside and related long-termland uses. This Standard does not address theeffects of intrusive sound on people in areas ofshort-term use such as parks and wilderness areas,nor does it address other effects of noise such assleep disturbance or health effects. This standarddoes not provide a method to predict the communityresponse to short-term, infrequent, non-repetitivesources of sound. Electronic copies of this standardare available for purchase through the AcousticalSociety of America’s home page at http://asa.aip.orgwith hard copies also available by contacting ASAdirectly. The price of the standard is 100 USD.FHWA Releases New RoadwayConstruction Noise ModelThe Federal Highway Administration has justreleased the first version of their new RoadwayConstruction Noise Model (RCNM) complete withUser’s Guide. The model is available free of chargeby simply downloading it from the FHWA website,www.RCNM.us. The RCNM model’s approach,equipment noise database, and default noise criterialimits are based on those used at the Central Artery/ Tunnel Project in Boston (The Big Dig). The usercan also modify or add to the equipment list and setup project-specific noise limits if desired. RCNMwas developed under contract with the Volpe Centerin Cambridge, Massachusetts. Volpe has also set upan email address (Support@RCNM.us) to provideassistance for RCNM users.LMS appoints Guy Buyst asExecutive Vice President Sales andCustomer ServicesLMS International has announced the appointmentof Guy Buyst in the position of Executive VicePresident Sales and Customer Services. Guy Buystjoins LMS from Base where he held the position ofChief Commercial Officer. Guy Buyst holds morethan 25 years of experience in sales and marketing,sales management and general management atcompanies like Anixter Bros, Digital EquipmentCorporation (DEC), Cabletron, Philips and Base.NNINew RoadwayConstructionNoise Model isAvailable2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org35

INCE UpdateNCEJ to bePublished onCD-ROM inMid-2006INCE/USA2005 State-of-the-Institute—ince/usaAs my year as President of INCE/USA draws toa close it is comforting for me to report that theInstitute continues to have many on-going noisecontrol activities and initiatives. There is goodstability within the organization; student membershiphas grown slightly; Noise Control EngineeringJournal (NCEJ) is seeing an increase in papers;INCE/USA members are becoming more active inUSA noise policy issues; and there were two verysuccessful noise conferences held in 2005. INTER-NOISE 2005 took place in Rio de Janeiro duringAugust, and NOISE-CON 2005 was concurrentwith the 150th Meeting of the Acoustical Society ofAmerica (ASA) held in Minneapolis, MN duringOctober. There were nearly 200 papers presentedand published in the NOISE-CON Proceedings. Thestrong collaboration with ASA is very evident inthat many of these papers came from special noisesessions jointly organized by the ASA TechnicalCommittees on Noise, Architectural Acoustics, andStructural Acoustics. The remaining sessions wereorganized by the INCE/USA Technical ActivitiesBoard, which is chaired by Patricia Davies, VicePresident – Technical Activities. Patricia alsoserved as co-Technical Chair (with Stuart Bolton)of NOISE-CON 2005; the General Chairs of theconference were Daniel Kato and Robert Bernhard.The Technical Chairs teamed with George Maling toproduce one of the most comprehensive ProceedingsCD-ROMS ever! It contains the NOISE-CONProceedings for 2005, 2004, 2003, 2001, 2000, 1998,1997, and 1996. Also included are the Proceedingsof the Sound Quality Symposiums of 1998 and 2002,and a select set of papers that deal with both nationaland international noise policy.The Board of Directors of INCE/USA has acceptedthe offer from the Australian Acoustical Societyto hold Active 2006 at the University of Adelaidein September; INCE/USA will co-host withINCE/Japan INTER-NOISE 2006 in Honolulu inDecember; NOISE-CON 2007 is tentatively plannedfor Santa Clara, CA in early fall; NOISE-CON 2008will be in the Ann Arbor, MI area; and a formalproposal to I-INCE to hold INTER-NOISE 2009in Ottawa under the sponsorship of INCE/USA ispresently under review.After an international search was completed underthe leadership of James Thompson, Vice President– Publications, the Institute has named CourtneyBurroughs as the new Editor-in-Chief of NCEJ; hisappointment became effective 1 July 2005. Theplan to publish NCEJ electronically, along with thetraditional paper copy for libraries only, has beenapproved by the Board of Directors in October2005. The American Institute of Physics will handlethe electronic publishing of the journal, which willeventually include all past issues. Members andlibraries can expect to begin receiving CD-ROMs ofNCEJ in July 2006. Efforts by many to minimize thedelays in the publication of NCEJ have continued;the journal is presently behind schedule by twoissues. The January/February 2006 issue of NCEJwill be a special issue devoted to fan noise. It willcontain seven expanded papers from the I-INCE 2003Fan Noise Symposium, which took place in Senlis,France under the organization of Alain Guedel andJean Tourret. It has been my pleasure to serve as theEditor of this Special Issue of NCEJ.Total membership in the Institute remains relativelyconstant. As of October 2005 there were 100 newmembers, 22 of them students. Many of the first-yearmembers who signed up as part of the NOISE-CON2004 membership promotion have elected not tore-new their membership in 2005; thus, there hasbeen an overall decrease in membership by some60 individuals. A Fellow grade of membershiphas been approved in 2005, and an initial slate ofnominees is being prepared by the Vice President –Membership, Gregory Tocci. He has also negotiateda Memorandum of Understanding with Acentech toassist INCE/USA with up-dating the Fundamentalsof Acoustics Exam. Acentech would also offerpreparatory on-line courses to individuals planning totake the exam.Rick Kolano, Vice President – Board Certificationconducted a member survey and detailed analysisof the certification and re-certification processes.36 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Various improvements and upgrades are beingimplemented because of this effort. There is a movewithin INCE/USA to have Board Certification bemade equivalent to an Engineering State Licensein the discipline of noise control engineering.Basically, the INCE/USA Board CertificationExam will have to be accepted as equivalent to theProfessional Engineering Exam. David Swansonhas been appointed Chair of an ad hoc committee toinvestigate and bring this action to closure.The technology and policies of noise controlengineering in the USA is the subject of a studybeing conducted by the National Academy ofEngineering (NAE). I would like to take thisopportunity to recognize and thank founding INCE/USA members George Maling, Bill Lang, and LeoBeranek for their continuous effort – since 1972 – inbringing the issues of noise and noise policy to theattention of the Academy and others in the Federalgovernment. Through their direction of a steeringcommittee (chaired by George Maling) consistingof practicing noise control specialists, the NAE helda very successful workshop in September 2005.Many INCE/USA members gave keynote addressesat this workshop, in addition to participating inworking groups to define appropriate courses ofaction in the areas of noise control engineeringcost-benefit analysis, demand, and education; newtechnologies; improved occupational noise controlsand community noise metrics; public awareness;and government coordination and assistance. Thestudy is expected to continue for at least two moreyears. The goals are to summarize the currentstate-of-the-art of noise control engineering, torecommend policies and practices for governmentagencies, and to develop an expanded research andeducation agenda. Surely INCE/USA memberswill be contacted for participation in this continuingstudy that will lead to an improved soundscape forthe world in which we live.The INCE/USA Business Office continues tooperate very efficiently under the direction ofPamela Reinig at Iowa State University. The dutiesof the Interim Executive Director (ED) have beencarried out exceptionally well by 2004 PresidentJoseph Cuschieri. Although the fiscal year does notend until 31 March 2006, financially, INCE/USAappears to be in much better shape than it was inthe last couple of years. At the end of last year, theInstitute was in the red by about $9,700. Projectionsfor 2005-2006 indicate that we will be in the blackby over $100,000! Much of this is due to a verysuccessful NOISE-CON 2005 managed under theleadership of Daniel Kato, and to the unselfishdevotion of Joseph Cuschieri to do administrativework without compensation. He has been theprincipal author and negotiator for the five staffrelatedagreements signed in 2005. These includethose for the INCE/USA Business Office, the EditorinChief (Courtney Burroughs, operation and travelexpenses only), the Exposition Manager (RichardPeppin), the Noise/News International (NNI) Editor(George Maling, operation and travel expenses only),and NNI Advertising Manager (Richard Peppin).In 2006, the Institute’s signature conference willbe INTER-NOISE 2006; David Holger is tobe recognized for his outstanding planning andmanagement for this congress as General Chairman.As we transition into 2006, important changes inthe executive structure of INCE/USA are beingconsidered. The most significant proposed changeis the length of the President’s term from one year totwo years. Paul Donavan, the 2005 President Elect,has agreed to serve the two-year term if the changeis approved by the Board of Directors. This changein term length has been predicated by a need for thePresident to have more time to become familiar withthe many activities and inner workings of INCE/USA so that more efficient and proper presidentialactions can be performed. The 2005 President willassist the 2006-2007 President in the first year ofthe term, while the 2007 President Elect will assistin the second year. It is also being proposed thatthe Executive Director position become a volunteerposition with appropriate compensation for traveland other approved expenses.The relationship between the Acoustical Societyof America (ASA) and the INCE/USA has been acontinued on page 40INCE/USAPresident toServe aTwo-Year Term2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org37

European News ............................................................................................ Bernard Berry, European EditorThe EuropeanUnion andLawnmowerNoiseEUROPEThe Mechanical Equipment NoiseDatabase is UpdatedThe Enterprise and Industry Directorate of theEuropean Union has available a database of thenoise emissions of mechanical equipment which waslast updated on 2005 December 21. The databasewas established because of Directive 2000/14/ECrelated to the noise emissions in the environmentby equipment for use outdoors. The directive wasimplemented in two stages, the first being on 2002January 03 and the second on 2006 January 03.Noise Database 1.0 is broadly divided into two parts,equipment subject to noise limits and equipmentsubject to marking (labeling) only. As examples:1. The first part contains a 160-page document onnoise emission data of lawnmowers. (A 44-pagedocument “A study into the available technologyoffering noise reduction for lawnmowers aspresented to the European Union market”was published in 2002 April—in French. Thedocument may be found at europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/mechan_equipment/noise/pdf/lawnmowerreport.pdf.)2. The second part of the database contains 12 pageson the noise emissions of leaf blowers.The noise database may be found ateuropa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/mechan_equipment/noise/citizen/NoiseDatabase 1.0/app/.Final Draft Report on NoiseMapping is IssuedThe European Commission Working Group onAssessment of Exposure to Noise (WG_AEN) hasreleased the final draft of a position paper, Version2 dated 2006 January 13, “Good Practice Guideto Strategic Noise Mapping and the Production ofAssociated Data on Noise Exposure.” The 129-page report may be found at europa.eu.int/comm/environment/noise/pdf/wg_aen.pdf. The URL forgeneral information on the activities of the EuropeanUnion related to noise is europa.eu.int/comm/environment/noise/FRANCEFan Noise 2007 to be Held in FranceThe third symposium on fan noise, FAN NOISE2007, will be held on 2007 September 17-19 inEspace Tête d’Or in Lyon-Villeurbanne, France. Thevenue is near the Centre Technique des IndustriesAérauliques et Thermique (CETIAT), which has twopersons on the Organizing Committee, F. Bessac andA. Guedel. Other members of the Committee areG. Allory from the Centre Technique des IndustriesMécaniques (CETIM), and J. Tourret of INCE/Europe. The last symposium held in 2003 Septemberat CETIM attracted 300 persons from 26 countries.This three-day symposium will include keynotelectures and technical presentations in a singlesession (no parallel sessions). All types of fans, suchas those used for instance in industrial processes,HVAC and electronic equipment, householdappliances, automotive applications, fall within thetopics of this conference. Papers on aerodynamicnoise of wind turbines will also be consideredfor presentation. Conversely, high speed fans inaeronautic propulsion applications will not beconsidered here.Topics to be presented include:• Fan noise generation mechanisms• Experimental methods for noise source locationand analysis• Theoretical and numerical methods for theprediction of unsteady flow and aerodynamicnoise of fans• Fan installation effects• Optimisation of thermal and acoustic performanceof systems including cooling fans• Fan noise control by passive and active methods• Design of low-noise fans• Sound quality related to fan noise• Aerodynamic noise of wind turbinesDuring the conference an exposition is planed on thefollowing topics:• Noise and unsteady flow measurement andanalysis• Flow simulation and fan noise prediction codes38 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

• Active and passive noise control devices• Low-noise fansFor more information, please visit the conferencewebsite: www.fannoise2007.org or direct yourenquiries to: info@fannoise2007.orgUNITED KINGDOMISVR is Awarded the 2006 Queen’sAnniversary Prize.The 2006 Queen’s Anniversary Prize for Higher andFurther Education has been awarded to the Instituteof Sound and Vibration Research, SouthamptonUniversity. Professor Steve Elliot, ISVR Directorand Vice Chancellor Bill Wakeham received thea medal and certificate in 2006 February fromHer Majesty The Queen and HRH The Duke ofEdinburgh.The prize was awarded to the ISVR for sustainedexcellence and outstanding achievements in researchin the field of sound and vibration.More information is available from the web site of theInstitute of Acoustics (www.ioa.org) and the Institutefor Sound and Vibration Research (www.isvr.soton.ac.uk).IOA Spring Conference FeaturesResearch and CareersThe Spring Conference of the Institute of Acousticswas held in Southampton on 2006 April 3-4, andwas titled “Futures in Acoustics, Today’s Research—Tomorrow’s Careers.” In addition to technicalpapers that included noise control and environmentalacoustics, the conference featured a plenary sessionon career opportunities in acoustics. According tothe Institute of Acoustics, “The demand for peoplewith acoustical knowledge and skills has never beengreater.”NNI2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org39

Asia-Pacific News continued from page 33acoustical directory, especially to get more awarenessof what noise nuisance can cause in lesser developedcountries. Maybe one day Thailand will have anacoustical association as well. You can check it out atwww.acousticals.org.INCE/USA Conference Proceedings on CD-ROMAvailable over the Internet from the Atlas BookstoreThe NOISE-CON 05 ProceedingsThis searchable CD-ROM contains 198 papers presented at the joint NOISE-CON05/ASA 150th meeting as well as 749 papers from the NOISE-CON conferencesheld in 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2003, and 2004 as well as the papers from theSound Quality Symposia held in 1998 and 2002. All papers are PDF files.Several papers are taken from sessions organized by the Noise, ArchitecturalAcoustics and Structural Acoustics Technical committees for the 150th ASAmeeting. The three plenary lectures related to noise and its impact on theenvironment are included. Also included are papers in one or more organizedsessions in the areas of aircraft noise, tire/pavement noise, and hospital noise.Other papers cover to noise materials, mufflers and silencers, statistical energyanalysis, acoustical facilities, product noise emissions, sound quality andperception, sound insulation of buildings, community noise, and environmentalnoise criteria. A collection of papers on United States and international noisepolicy is also included on the CD-ROM.These papers are a valuable resource of information on noise controlengineering that will be of interest to researchers in the academic community,government workers, engineers, acoustical consultants, and students.The ACTIVE 04 ProceedingsThis searchable CD-ROM contains 595 full length papers on active controlof noise. The latest in the ACTIVE series of international symposia on activecontrol of sound and vibration was organized by the NASA Langley ResearchCenter, and was held in Williamsburg, Virginia, USA on 2004 September 20-22. One hundred and one papers from this meeting are on the CD-ROM. Theremaining papers are from the ACTIVE Symposia held in 2002, 1999, 1997, and1995; in addition, 33 papers from Book 2 on active control presented at NOISE-CON 97 have been included. The papers cover all areas of active control ofsound and vibration.www.atlasbooks.com/mktplace/00726.htmThe Beauty of SilenceThe Thailand Cultural Environment Fund (CEF) andits partners are currently engaged in a six-month campaignand research project to address noise pollutionin Thailand. Among the project’s other objectives, theproject team hopes it will provide a model for collaborationbetween the private sector, the government, andcivil society. The campaign and research targets thegeneral public and government agencies at all levels.The CEF is the lead organization and is joined in thecampaign by the Business Council for Sustainable Development,Government Pollution Control Department,Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Society ofEnvironmental Journalists, Thailand Cycling Club andselected enterprises (e.g., shopping centers and hospitals).Internet: www.adb.org/NGOs/annex1013.aspINCE Update continued from page 37topic of discussion and concern with many membersof both organizations. There has been some seriousdialogue between the 2006-07 President of ASA,Anthony Atchley, and me regarding this topic. Areasthat require a strong and continuous collaborationbetween the two organizations include: standards,meetings, noise policy, publications, and globalleadership in the field of acoustic noise and its control.These and other areas are discussed in detail in anarticle presently being prepared for publication in boththe ASA magazine Acoustics Today, and in NNI.In summary, INCE/USA continues to make importantcontributions to the noise control engineeringprofession through its educational programs,conferences, publications, certification procedures,and participation in national and internationalprograms. I wish to thank the officers, staff,members, and friends of INCE/USA for your supportand encouragement during my one-year term asPresident of the Institute.Gerald C. Lauchle2005 INCE/USA PresidentNNINNI40 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

NOISE-CON 05 CD-ROMWITH ADDITIONAL PROCEEDINGSThis searchable CD-ROM contains 198 paperspresented at the joint NOISE-CON 05/ASA 150thmeeting as well as 749 papers from the NOISE-CON conferences held in 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000,2001, 2003, and 2004 as well as the papers from theSound Quality Symposia held in 1998 and 2002. Allpapers are PDF files.Several papers are taken from sessions organizedby the Noise, Architectural Acoustics andStructural Acoustics Technical committees for this150th ASA meeting. The three plenary lecturesrelated to noise and its impact on the environmentare included. Also included are papers in one ormore organized sessions in the areas of aircraftnoise, tire/pavement noise, and hospital noise.Other papers cover to noise materials, mufflersand silencers, statistical energy analysis,acoustical facilities, product noise emissions,sound quality and perception, sound insulation ofbuildings, community noise, and environmentalnoise criteria. A collection of papers on UnitedStates and international noise policy is alsoincluded on the CD-ROM.These papers are a valuable resource ofinformation on noise control engineering thatwill be of interest to researchers in the academiccommunity, government workers, engineers,acoustical consultants, and students.NOISE-CON 05 CD ORDER FORMEnclosed is my check (or credit card authorization) for ________ U.S. dollars. Please send me ________ copies of the NOISE-CON 2005CD-ROM at 70 U.S. dollars each. Shipping and handling charge: domestic, 2 U.S. dollars; all other countries, 5 U.S.dollars. Shipped by firstclass mail in the United States and by air mail to other countries. Stock number: Nc05.Name Mr. Ms. Dr. Prof._________________________________________________________________________________Address__________________________________________________________________________________________________________City ____________________________________________ State/Province_ ______________________ Zip/Postal Code _______________Country__________________________________________________________________________________________________________E-mail___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Credit card authorization:VisaMasterCardAmerican ExpressDiscover cardName on card (please print)_ _______________________________________________Card number:___________________________________________________________Expiration date (MM/YY):_________________________________________________Signature_______________________________________________________________You may order by postal mail, telephone (USA and Canada only), by FAX, or by e-mail. Postal mail: Bookmasters, Inc., Distribution ServicesDivision, 30 Amberwood Parkway, Ashland, OH 44805, USA. Telephone: 1 800 247 6553; FAX: 1 419 281 6883; e-mail: order@bookmaster.com.Internet: Go to the INCE/USA page at Bookmasters Atlas Bookstore. http://www.atlasbooks.com/marktplc/00726.htm

International RepresentativesBelow is a list of international contacts for the advertisers in this issue. The telephone number is followed by the fax number where available.In cases where there are several telephone numbers per location, or several locations within a country, a bullet (•) separates the telephonenumber(s) from the respective FAX number. Advertisers are asked to send updated information by e-mail to: IBO@inceusa.org.01dB-METRAVIBAsia: 01dB Asia Pacifique+60 3 563 22 633 • +60 3 563 18 633patrice.pischedda@01db.com.myBelgium: Acsoft Belgique+32 (4) 366 00 22 • +32 (4) 367 53 74jean.nemerlin@acsoft.beBrazil: 01dB Brasil+55 (11) 5089 6463 • +55 (11) 5089 6454nicolas.isnard@01dB.com.brDenmark: Butina & Larsen technic+45 (44) 48 46 60 • +45 (49) 70 75 90blt@post8.tele.dkFinland: Metric Industrial Oy+358 9 4761 6742juuso.jaakola@metric.fiGreece: Dynamic Acoustics N.Kolettis andCie EE+30 210 65 61 251 • +30 210 65 61 252dynac@hol.grGermany: 01db GmbH+49 (3423) 758 657 • +49 (3423) 758 658grit.mueske@01db.deItaly: 01dB Italia+39 (0) 63610954 • +39 (0) 586411209notini@01db.itNetherlands: Acoutronics+31 (162) 42 44 21 • +31 (162) 42 56 52a.hendriks@acoutronics.nlPortugal: MRA+351 21 421 74 72 • +351 21 421 81 88n.dias@mra.ptRoumania: Vibrotest+40 (212) 12 47 12 • +40 (212) 12 47 14vibrotst@fx.roRussia: OCTAVA++7 (095) 799 90 92 • +7 (095) 799 90 93msergeyev@octava.ruSouth Africa: Acoustics, Noise andVibration Consultancy+27 11 679 2342 • +27 11 679 2342jhassall@pixie.co.zaSpain: Alava Ingenieros+34 91 567 9700 • +34 91 570 2661l.esteban@alava-ing.esSwitzerland: Norsonic Brechbühl+41 (34) 431 31 21 • +41 (34) 431 31 22info@01db.chUSA: 01dB Inc+1 (248) 592 2996 • +1 (248) 592 2991dominique.fernier2@01db-metravib.comUnited Kingdom: Acsoft Ltd+44 (12) 96 682 686 • +44 (12) 96 682 860jshelton@acsoft.co.ukACO PacificHong Kong/China: AP TechnologyLimited852 3114 6028 • 852 3114 6038ManLi88@netvigator.comHong Kong/China: Gelec(HK) Limited852-2919-8383 • 852 2591-0548alexwu00@hotmail.comKorea: ABC Trading+82-2-2226-3161 • +82-2-2226-7383abctrd@abctrd.comData PhysicsChina: Data Physics (China) Branch+86-21-621-86533 • +86-21-621-73370sales@dataphysics.comFrance: Data Physics (France) S.A.+33-(0)1-39-30-50-60 • +33-(0)1-39-30-50-79sales@dataphysics.comGermany: Data Physics (Deutschland)GmbH+49-61-01-50-95-61 • +49-61-01-50-95-62sales@dataphysics.comIndia: Data Physics (Bharat) Pvt. Ltd.+91-80-656-5810 • +91-80-656-2609sales@dataphysics.comUK: Data Physics (UK) Ltd.+44-(0)1-480-470-345 • +44-(0)1-480-470-456sales@dataphysics.comUSA: Data Physics Corporation+1-408-437-0100 • +1-408-437-0509sales@dataphysics.comG.R.A.S.Australia: ACU-VIB Electronics02 9680 8133 • 02 9680 8233info@acu-vib.com.auAustralia: ETMC Technologies (Aust)Pty Ltd02 9555 1225 • 02 9810 4022info@etmc.com.auAustria: LB-acoustics Messgeräte GmbH+43 1 25 93 444 4400 • +43 1 25 93 444 3400office@lb-acoustics.atAustria: Ing. Wolfgang Fellner GmbH+43 1 282 53 43 • +43 1 280 41 97fellner@schallmessung.comBelgium: Akron N.V. - S.A.+32 16 23 01 03 • +32 16 23 26 96info@akron.beBrazil: SIGNALWORKS Com. Imp. Export.Ltda.+55 11 5501 5310 • +55 11 5505 5682info@signalworks.com.brCanada: Novel Dynamics Inc.+1 519 853 4495 • +1 519 853 3366metelka@aztec-net.comFor more information, contact:Canada: Novel Dynamics Inc.+1 613 598 0026 • +1 613 598 0019Stan@noveldynamics.comDenmark: G.R.A.S. Sound & Vibration+45 4566 4046 • +45 4566 4047gras@gras.dkFinland: NOVOTEK Finland OY+358 19-871 131 • +358 19-871 1300info@novotek.fiFinland: MIP Electronics Oy+358-9-294 1773 • +358-9-294 7084jouni.lukkari@mipoy.comFrance: 01dB - Metravib+33 4 7252 4800 • +33 4 7252 4747florent.perrin@01dB-metravib.comFrance: OROS France SAS+33 1 69 91 43 00 • +33 1 69 91 29 40orosfrance@oros-signal.comGermany: Bertram Schapal - AVM+49 (0)6152 56176 • +49 (0)6152 53590bertram.schapal.AVM@t-online.deGermany: Schmeisser, Handelsvertretung+49 8131 8 02 90 • +49 8131 8 02 70handelsvertretung.schmeisser@t-online.deGermany: Wölfel Meßsysteme SoftwareGmbH + Co. KG(+49) 9 31/4 97 08-5 00 • (+49) 9 31/4 97 08-590deckert@woelfel.de or wms@woelfel.deGreece: Paragon LTD+30-210-2220008 • +30-210-2220019paragon1@otenet.grHong Kong: S & V Samford Instruments Ltd+85 228 339 987 • +85 228 339 913sales@svsamford.comHungary: MEGA KFT+36 (06) 62 438 214/237 • +36 (06) 62 438214/237mega@tvnetwork.huIndia: Adams Technologies Pvt. Limited,+91 44 28173711, 28171631, 52068668 • +9144 28172676ganeshhv@adams-tech.netIndia: AIMIL Limited+91 22 2261 5654/55 • +91 22 2261 7524India: Structural Solutions Private Limited+91-40-2763 6433 • +91-40-2763 6435magaffar@stsols.comIran: Khadem Sound & Vibration TechnologyLtd.,+98 (0) 2120 279 95/88 • +98 (0) 2120 27982KHADEM@modares.ac.irItaly: S.C.S. Controlli e Sistemi S.R.L.+39 049 9200 975 • +39 049 9201 239g.m.amadasi@scs-controlsys.comJapan: Marubun Corporation+81 3 3639 9881 • +81 3 5644 7627tsaito@marubun.co.jpJapan: Riko Associates+81 4 5935 6995 • +81 4 5935 6993yas-riko@mars.dti.ne.jpKorea: SV Corporation+82 31 501 4030 • +82 31 501 4032jyjoo@svdigital.comKorea: RECTUSON Co., Ltd.+82 55 231 3333 • +82 55 231 4444rts@rectuson.comKorea: SEVIT Tech+82 2 2617 8740 • +82 2 6091 1310sevit@sevitkorea.comMalaysia: INFO-TRAX SDN BHD+603 4270 6085 • +603 4270 6054faisal@infotrax.com.myMexico: Christensen, S.A.+52 55 56812379 • +52 55 56556021christensen@christensen.com.mxMexico: Technology Calibration and Sales+52 55 59906925 or 59906964 • +52 5555906858aarellano@tcsrl.com.mxNew Zealand: ECS Ltd+64 9 279 8833 • +64 9 279 8883grantm@ecs-ltd.co.nzNorway: Norsonic A/SPhone: +47 32 85 89 00Fax: +47 32 85 22 08E-mail : sbohn@norsonic.comP. R. China: Landtop Technologies CO., Ltd+86 10 6802 5665 • +86 10 6801 8063info@landtop.comP. R. China: S & V Samford InstrumentsLtdPhone: +85 228 339 987Fax: +85 228 339 913E-mail : sales@svsamford.comPortugal: MRA Instrumentacão, S.A.+351 21 421 7472 • +351 21 421 8188mra@taguspark.ptRussia: OCTAVA + Company+7 (095) 799 90 92 • +7 (095) 799 90 93info@octava.ruSingapore: Sound & Vibration ControlPte Ltd(+65) 64 480 383 • (+65) 62 412 181wupsj@singnet.com.sgSingapore: SHAMA Technologies (S)Pte Ltd+65 776 4006 • +65 773 5056 or +65 776 0592shama@singnet.com.sgSpain: ALAVA Ingenieros S. A.+34 91 567 97 00 • +34 91 570 26 61alava@alava-ing.esSweden: Acoutronic AB+46 8 765 02 80 • +46 8 731 02 80acoutronic@acoutronic.seSwitzerland: Norsonic Brechbühl AG+41 34 431 31 21 • +41 34 431 31 22Matthias.Brechbuehl@norsonic.ch42 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Taiwan ROC: IEA Electro Acoustics Co.Ltd.+886 2 2795 5908 • +886 2 2794 0815iea888@ms71.hinet.netTaiwan ROC: Purtek Enterprise Co., Ltd.+886 2 2756 7581 • +886 2 2756 7582purtek@ms13.hinet.netTaiwan ROC: Samwell Testing Inc.+886 2 2692 1400 • +886 2 2692 1380samwells@ms48.hinet.netTaiwan ROC: Systems Access CompanyLtd.+886 2 8792 6266 • +886 2 8792 6265sac.tw@msa.hinet.netThe Netherlands: AcouTronics B.V.+31 (0)162 42 44 21 • +31 (0)162 42 56 52mailbox@acoutronics.nlTurkey: Bias Mühendislik+90 216 4745701 • +90 216 4745705bias@bias.com.trTurkey: DTA Design Test Analysis Ltd Sti+90 224 225 37 41 • +90 224 225 37 42akif.goksu@dta.com.trUnited Kingdom: AcSoft Ltd.+44 (0)1296 682 686 • +44 (0)1296 682 860sales@acsoft.co.ukUnited Kingdom: Campbell Associates+44 (0)1371 871030 • +44 (0)1371 879106info@campbell-associates.co.ukUSA: G.R.A.S. Sound & Vibration440 779 0100 • 440 779 4148sales@gras.usNorsonicAustralia: ETMC Technologies PTY Ltd.+61 295551225wiepko@maxi.net.auAustria: Ing. Wolfgang Fellner Ges.M.B.H.+43 12825343fellner@schallmessung.comBelgium: Akron+32 16230103info@akron.beChina (P.R.): LandTop Technologies Co.,Ltd.+86 1068025665info@landtop.comCzech Republic: Ekola Norsonic s.r.o.+420 274784927ekola@ekolagroup.czDenmark: GRAS Sound & Vibration+45 45664046gras@gras.dkFinland: MIP Electronics OY+358 92941773info@mipoy.comFrance: Fondis Electronic+33 13 452 1030info@fondiselectronic.comGermany: Norsonic-Tippkemper GmbH+49 252993010tippkemper@norsonic.deGreece: Ergoakoustiki Ltd.+30 2 10 6980601info@ergoakoustiki.grIndia: EME - Electro MechanicalEnterprises+91 120 2431309emeindian@sancharnet.inItaly: Microbel s.r.l.+39 11 2257 418info@microbel.itNew Zealand: Jepsen Electronics Ltd+64 6 357 7539njepsen@ihug.co.nzNorway: Norsonic AS+47 32858900info@norsonic.comPoland: Energocontrol Sp.z.o.o.+48 12 4180710cad@energocontrol.com.plSingapore: Shamatech+65 6776 4006.shamasvc@singnet.com.sgSlovakia: Norsonic Slovensko+421 2 57296421kamenicky@norsonic.skSpain: Aries+34 915702737lrodriguez@aries-ingenieria.comSweden: Norsonic AS, Norway+47 32858900info@norsonic.comSwitzerland: Norsonic Brechbühl AG+41 34 4313121info@norsonic.chTaiwan: Purtek Enterprise Co. Ltd, Taipei+886 226567581purtek@ms13.hinet.netTurkey: Marmatek+90 216 442 10 90info@marmatek.comUnited Kingdom: Campbell Associates+44 1371871030info@campbell-associates.co.ukUSA/Canada/Mexico: Scantek, Inc,+1 410 2907726PeppinR@scantekinc.comPCB PieoztronicsInternational DistributorsAustralia: Davidson Measurement Pty. Ltd.+61 3 9580 4366 • +61 3 9580 6499info@davidson.com.auAustria: nbn-Elektronik Handelsges.m.b.H.& Co+43-316-402805 • +43-316-402506nbn@nbn.atBelgium & Luxembourg: Tech5 bvbasprl(+32) 26573164 • (+32) 26574925info@tech5.beBrazil: SIGNALWORKSComércio,Importação & Exportação Ltda.(+55-11) 5501 5310 • (+55-11) 5505 5682pprado@signalworks.com.brCanada: Dalimar Instruments, Inc.+001 450-424-0033 • +001 450-424-0030daniel@dalimar.ca2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.orgChina: PCB Piezotronics Inc.Beijing Representative Office(+86) 010 84477840 • (+86) 010 84477913pcbchina@pcb.comChina: PCB Piezotronics, Inc.Shanghai Representative Office(+86) 021 63741517 • (+86) 021 63741510pcbchina@pcb.comCzech Republic: nbn ELEKTRONIK(+42) 385 724308 • (+42) 385 724191nbn@nbn.czDenmark: B&L Technic+45 44 48 46 60 • +45 49 70 75 90info@bl-technic.dkEgypt: Scientific Services Co.(+202) 4027345 • (+202) 4010874ssco@commnet.com.egFinland: Novotek Finland Oy(+358) 19 8711372 • (+358) 19 8711300juhani.yrjana@dosesoft.fiFrance: PCB Piezotronics S.A.+33 (0) 1 69 33 19 60 • +33 (0) 1 69 33 19 76pcbfrance@pcb.comGermany: Synotech GmbH+49 2462 99190 • +49 2462 99179info@synotech.deGreece: Paragon LTD(+30) 210 2220008 • (+30) 210 2220019paragon1@otenet.grHungary: Professzionális IpariMéréstechnika Bt.(+36) 1 424 0099 • (+36) 1 424 0097pim-bt@axelero.huIndia: Structural Solutions Private Limited+91 40 2763 6433 • +91 40 2763 6435info@stsols.comIndonesia: PT Klaras Pusaka Instrumindo+62 (21) 7694487 • +62 (21) 758182bsugiharta@klaras.co.idIreland: Environmental Measurements+353 (0) 1 414 9445 • +353 (0) 1 405 7917daraghobrien@e-m.ieIsrael: Arrow Rapac Ltd.(+972) 3 9203486 • (+972) 3 9203443arrow@arrow-israel.co.ilItaly: PCB Piezotronics srlT+39 035 201241 • +39 035 201241info@pcbpiezotronics.itJapan: Toyo Corporation - Team PCB(+81) 332451240 • (+81) 352052030pcb@toyo.co.jpMalaysia: Benima Engineering Sdn Bhd+60 (3) 5632 7441 • +60 (3) 5632 7401benimarail@yahoo.comMexico: Comercial Anfra, S.A. de C.V.(+52) 55 55642571 • (+52) 55 55648718anfra@attglobal.netNetherlands: Tech 5 B.V.(+31) 184615551 • (+31) 184615451info@tech5.nlNew Zealand: Machinery Monitoring(+64) 96233147 • (+64) 96233248mamos@clear.net.nzNorway: RH Semitronic AS+47 22803780 • +47 22803825nordby@rh-semitronic.noPakistan: Affiliates International(+92) 21 2852151 • (+92) 21 5870384affiliat@cyber.net.pkPhilippines: Menvirotek Enterprises Corp.(+63) 2 9300538 • (+63) 2 9300538menvirotek@hotmail.comPoland: Energocontrol Sp. Z.O.O.(+48) 124180752 • (+48) 124114517cad@energocontrol.com.plPortugal: MRA Instrumentacao(+35) 1214217472 • (+35) 1214218188mra@mra.ptPuerto Rico: VibrAnalysis, Inc.+001 (787) 283-7500 • +001 (787) 283-7680FLaboy@vibranalysispr.comRussian Federation: Octava+ Company+7 495-799-90-92 • +7 495 -799-90-93info@octava.ruSingapore: Spectra Instruments Pte Ltd(+65) 67478857 • (+65) 67475873spectrainst@pacific.net.sgSouth Africa: Andersen & HurleyInstruments(+27) 11 679 3815 • (+27) 11 675 0694mail@andersen-hurley.co.zaSpain: Alava Ingenieros SA(+34) 91 5679700 • (+34) 91 5702261icomellas@alava-ing.esSweden: PCB Scandinavia AB(+46) 8 4443870 • (+46) 8 4443875info@pcbscandinavia.seSwitzerland: Ing. Bureau DollenmeierGmbH+41 18854511 • +41 18854512sales@ibdoll.chRomania: ROMEGA(+40) 21 2225729 • (+40) 21 2225730dragos_muntean@mail.dntcj.roSaudi Arabia: 3E-Engineering EquipmentEST(+966) 3 38985246 • (+966) 3 38985246ksd3e@sahara.com.saSouth Korea: KTM Engineering, Inc.+82 2-3413-2002 • +82 2-3413-2222sales2@ktme.comTaiwan: Prowave Engineering Inc.(+886) 3 521 0504 • (+886) 3 521 0571info@prowavegroup.comThailand: Dynistec Company Limited+66 (2) 946-1732 • +66 (2) 946-1738sombat@intro.co.thTurkey: E3TAM A.S.+90 (212) 275 22 80 • +90 (212) 273 23 19sedat@e3tam.comRion Co., Ltd.Australia: Acoustic Research LaboratoriesPty Ltd+61 2 9484 0800 • +61 2 9484 0884sales@acousticresearch.com.auAustria/Hungary/Yugo/Slovenia/Czech/Croatia: LB-acousticsMessgeraete GmbH+43 1 259 34 44 4400 • +43 1 259 34 44 3400Office@LB-acoustics.atcontinued on page 4443

International Representatives continued from page 43Canada, Mexico, USA: Scantek Inc.+1 410 290 7726 • +1 410 290 9167info@scantekinc.comFinland: MIP Electronics Oy+358 9 2941773 • +358 9 2947084jouni.lukkari@mipoy.comGermany: ZINS Ziegler-Instruments GmbH+49/(0)2166/955-58 • +49/(0)2166/955-800sales@ziegler-instruments.deHong Kong: Science InternationalCorporation+852 2 543 7442 • +852 2 541 4089tonyleung@scienceintal.comIndia: Mecord Systems and Services Pvt.Ltd.+91-22-5008604, +91-22-5008128 • +91-22-5007560mecord.systems@vsnl.comIndonesia: PT Transindotama Sinar Perkasa+62 21 4584 0670 • +62 21 4584 2942transit@dnet.net.idIreland: Industrial Acoustics Limited+353-1-2828034 • +353-1-2828427industrial@eircom.netItaly: S.C.S. Controlli e Sistemi S.r.l.+39-049-920 09 75 • +39-049-920 12 39gaita@scs-controlsys.comKorea: Sunil Measuring System Co., Ltd.+82 2 572 8481 • +82 2 572 7931sunilms@sunilms.co.krMalaysia: O’Connor’s Engineering Sdn. Bhd+60 3 7953 8400 • +60 3 7957 7871mawardis@oce.com.myNetherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg:Goffin Meyvis Analytical & MedicalSystems B.V.+31-76-508 60 00 • +31-76-508 60 86bstuart@goffinmeyvis.comNew Zealand: Machinery MonitoringSystems Ltd+64 9 623 3147 • +64 9 623 3248mms@bitz.co.nzPortugal: M.R.A. Instrumentacao S.A.+351-21-421 74 72 • +351-21-421 81 88n.dias@mra.ptRepublic of South Africa:Environmental Instruments International cc+27 21 910 3403 • +27 21 919 7783env.inst@iafrica.comR.O.C, Taiwan: Ring-In TradingDevelopment Co., Ltd.+886 2 2381 6767 • +886 2 2381 2423ringin@ms6.hinet.netSingapore: O’Connor’s Singapore Pte Ltd+65 6473 7944 • +65 6472 4508tan.wheelee@oconnor.com.sgSpain: ALAVA Ingenieros S.A.+34-91-567 97 00 • +34-91-570 26 61j.ruiz@alava-ing.esSweden: Acoutronic AB+46 8 765 02 80 • +46 8 731 02 80acoutronic@acoutronic.seSwitzerland: A -TECH&Consulting GmbH+056 634 26 26 • +0566 345 345a-tech@swissonline.chThailand: Sithiporn Associates Co., Ltd.+66 2 433 8331 • +66 2 433 1679purchase@sithporn.co.thUnited Kingdom: ANV MeasurementSystems+44-1908-64 28 46 • +44-1908-64 28 14info@noise-and-vibration.co.ukScantek, Inc.Mexico and South America: CIAAMSADivision Acustica(55) 1054 32 09 • (55) 1054 32 10mmercado@ciaamsa-acustica.comSoundPLAN LLCArgentina: Dakar ingenieria acusticaArgentina+54 (11) 4865 79 84 • +54 (11) 4 865 79 84dakar.pedrov@soundplan.comAustralia: Marshall Day Acoustics+61 39416 1855 • +61 39416 1231noelmorris@marshallday.com.auBrazil: GROM Acustica & Automacao+55 21 263 0792 • +55 21 263 9108comercial@grom.com.brCanada: Navcon Engineering Network+1 714 441 3488 • +1 714 441 3487Forschner@navcon.comChina: BSWA Technology Co., Ltd+86 10 6200 6160 • +86 10 6200 6201chenfeng@bswa.com.cnCzech Republic: SYMOS s.r.o.+42 2 57 22 56 78 • +42 2 57 22 56 79symos@symos.czDennmark: SoundPLAN Nord+45 (39) 46 12 00 • +45 (39) 46 12 02jkl@soundplan.dkEgypt: Elnady Company for Engineering andAgencies+20 2 3420896 • +20 2 3426977tamer@elnadycompany.comFinland: Oy Teknocalor Ab+358 9 825 46024 • +358 9 826 151johanna.hokkanen@teknocalor.fiFrance: Euphonia+33 02 40 18 05 18 • +33 02 40 19 05 20bsuner@euphonia.frGermany: Braunstein + Berndt GmbH+49 7191 91 44 0 • +49 7191 91 44 24bbgmbh@soundplan.deGreece: Industrial Acoustics Hellas+30210 6630 333 • +30210 6630 334dpramas@hotmail.comHungary: VIBROCOMP GmbH+36 1 3107292 • +36 1 3196303bitep@vibrocomp.huIndia: Foretek Marketing Pvt. Ltd.+91 80 526 6813 • +91 80 526 6813info@foretekin.comItaly: Spectra s.r.l.+39 039 613321 • +39 039 6133235spectra@spectra.itIndoneisa: SHAMA Technologies (S) PteLtd, +65 6776 4006 • +65 6776 0592shama@singnet.com.sgJapan: Consutling Group Technical Center,+81 45 935 3818 • +81 45 935 3806Watanan@onosokki.co.jpKorea (South): ABC TRADING+82 2 2226 3151 • +82 2 2226 7383kslee@abctrd.comMalaysia: SHAMA Technologies (S) PteLtd, +65 6776 4006 • +65 6776 0592shama@singnet.com.sgMexico: Ingenieria Acustica SpectrumSa Cv+55 57 52 85 13 • +55 57 52 61 83acusticaspectrum@prodigy.net.mxNew Zealand: Marshall Day Associates+64 9 379 7822 • +64 9 309 35 40keith@Marshallday.co.nzNorway: SoundPLAN Nord+45 (39) 46 12 00 • +45 (39) 46 12 02jkl@soundplan.dkPoland: PC++ Software Studio S.C.+48 58 340 3890 • +48 58 6771857support@pcplusplus.com.plPortugal: AAC Centro de AcusticaAplicada SL+349 45 298233 • +349 45 298261abi@aacacustica.comRussia: Baltic State Technical University+7 812 5338907 • +7 812 5338907marina_butorina@inbox.ruSingapore: SHAMA Technologies (S)Pte Ltd+65 6776 4006 • +65 6776 0592shama@singnet.com.sgSpain: AAC Centro de Acustica AplicadaSL, +349 45 298233 • +349 45 298261abi@aacacustica.comSweden: Sveriges Provnings-ochForskningsinstitut+46 33 16 53 40 • +46 33 165 420Andreas.Gustafson@sp.seTaiwan: Purtek Engerprise Co Ltd+886 2 2769 3863 • +886 2 2756 7582purtek@ms13.hinet.netTurkey: Hidro-Tek Ltd.Sti+90 212 659 86 36 • +90 212 659 86 39aakdag@hidro-tek.com.trUnited Kingdom: Technical Development& Investigation+44 1787 478328 • +44 1787 478328tdi.ltd@btconnect.comUSA: Navcon Engineering Network+1 714 441 3488 • +1 714 441 3487Forschner@navcon.com

Product NewsRIONNew 4-Channel Solid-State Data Recorder Availablefrom ScantekThe RION DA-20 is a compact 4-channel datarecorder that provides users a lightweight andhigh quality instrument to record various types ofelectronic signals and waveform data for soundand vibration on-site measurement. Transducersinclude constant current Electret condensermics and single- and tri-axis accelerometers. Themeasurement data are stored on memory card(CF card) in WAV file and the stored data can bereproduced as analog signal or output to externalsignal analyzer. The CF card enables easy accessto stored data download to PC, and the softwareDA-20 Viewer (supplied accessory) enables thetime-history data display on PC or via WAV/CSVfile output to PC. Optional software line-up is alsoavailable for waveform analysis.For further information: http://www.rion.co.jp/asp/product/sound/ProC.asp?pos=I5&div=1Scantek, Inc.Instruments available from ScantekScantek, Inc., an ISO 17025 NIST accreditedCalibration Laboratory, is a distributor for multiplesound and vibration lines, including Norsonic, RION,CESVA Acoustical Instrumentation, Castle Group,KCF Technologies, Metra Vibration Transducers,DataKustik, RTA Technologies, BSWA Transducers,EXTECH Instruments, and ROGA Instruments.Scantek is committed to providing quality sales,customer repair, service, and calibration of sound &vibration instrumentation.For more information, call +1 800 224 3813 or visitwww.scantekinc.com.Larson DavisLarson Davis Receives Additional ATEX Approvals forSpark ® Personal Noise Dosimeters and AnnouncesData Logging OptionLarson Davis, a PCB Group Company, hasannounced that it has received European ATEXapprovals (II 2 G, EEx ib IIB T4) for its Spark ®dosimeters. The approval extends to all of thedosimeters in this product family: 703, 703+, 704, 705,705+, 706, 706RC, which allows them to be used inhazardous surface locations for Industrial Hygieneand worker safety applications.Larson Davis Spark ® Dosimeters are said tocombine ease-of-use and strength in a miniature,lightweight package. With seven intrinsically safemodels available, Spark ® provides days of operationon just two AA batteries, and has a windscreen thatstays secured between calibrations. When usedwith Blaze ® Noise Exposure Analysis software,personal noise dosimeter data can be convertedinto concise reports and full-color graphics.Larson Davis provides a complete line of acousticand vibration measurement systems, includingdosimeters, sound level meters, preamplifiers,real-time analyzers, digital sensing systems, humanvibration meters, microphones and calibratorsfor audiometric calibration, building acoustics,environmental noise monitoring, sound intensity,sound power testing in test and measurement,automotive, industrial, aerospace, and industrialhygiene applications.Larson Davis has also announced the enhancementof the Soundtrack LxT to include a comprehensivetime history data logging option.The new Soundtrack LxT sound level meter offerswhat is said to be an innovative approach to soundmeasurement for compliance and worker noiseexposure monitoring. Available in Type 1 or Type2 versions, the SoundTrack provides an easyway to manage route or task-based workplacenoise surveys. With operator route prompts anddigital voice annotation, surveys are done quicklyand easily by operators at all skill levels. Optionalintegrated real-time 1/1 and 1/3. Octave filterperforms frequency band analysis instantly with notedious ‘step-through’ required.For more information, please contact Larson Davistoll-free at 888-258-3131, email sales@larsondavis.com, or visit www.larsondavis.com.RIONScantekLarson Davis2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org45

Product News continuedLMSThe Modal Shop, Inc.PCB Piezotronics, Inc.LMSVibration Control System from LMSLMS has introduced a new LMS Test.Lab VibrationControl solution, offering a 4 to 8 channel system forclosed loop vibration control testing. The LMS Test.Lab Vibration Control system allows test engineersto qualify whether a product is fit for normal toextreme operating conditions, or to validate if thetest item will survive rough transport conditions. Thenew solution supports endurance testing, onlinedamage monitoring and trend analysis.With the LMS Test.Lab Vibration Control system, testengineers can qualify the usage of their productsunder a wide variety of usage and transportation circumstances,and measure its performance over theexpected lifetime. The new LMS Test.Lab VibrationControl system offers a complete solution to performthese vibration control tests and supports random,shock, sine and combined test modes. LMS Test.Lab Vibration Control also includes an integratedsupport of all common standards for vibration qualificationtesting, like the MIL STD 810, GAM EG-13 orIEC standards. The system offers a high degree offlexibility in setup definition to support non-standardspecifications, allowing the use of more complextest profiles derived from field data using test tailoring.The system also supports safe, accurate andfast reproduction of the target reference spectra ona shaker installation, using 4 to 8 control channels.LMS Test.Lab Vibration Control is said to be designedfor maximum productivity, guiding the user throughthe complete test process from setup to final report.The native MS Windows software allows operatorsto automate very long duration tests with fullsecurity. The workflow-based user interface of LMSTest.Lab assists the user throughout the test. LMSTest.Lab guides him through the steps of definingthe setup, validating the hardware instrumentation,productively monitoring the test execution andreporting the results.The Modal ShopThe Modal Shop Offers An Accelerometer LinearCheck CapabilityThe Modal Shop, Inc., a PCB Group Co., hasintroduced the addition of sensor linearity checkcapabilities to the Model 9155C AccelerometerCalibration Workstation.The Model 9155C-501 Linearity option allows usersto perform multipoint sensor linearity checks up to40gpk using The Modal Shop’s calibration-grade airbearingshaker. Linearity checks can be performedup to an amplitude of 500gpk with a mechanicalamplifier bar. Verifying linearity provides additionalassurance of sensor health and performance,increasing confidence in measurement accuracy.The software GUI automates data acquisitionacross specified amplitude range and integratesinto The Modal Shop’s Model 9155C AccelerometerCalibration Workstation that performscalibrations on both ICP ® (IEPE) and charge modeaccelerometers, providing both sensitivity andphase data. Calibrations are performed using the‘back-to-back’ method according to ISO 16063-21. All sensor information and calibration datais managed within a Microsoft Access databasethat allows for customizable calibration reportsconforming to the requirements of ISO 17025 forcalibration certificates. The system also selfdocumentsmeasurement uncertainty according toISO 16063-21.For more information on the Model 9155CAccelerometer Calibration Workstation or othersound and vibration sensor calibration products,contact THE MODAL SHOP, INC., 3149 E. KemperRoad Cincinnati, OH 45241-1516, Internet: www.modalshop.com, (800) 860-4867, (513) 351-9919, Fax(513) 458-2172 or e-mail: info@modalshop.com.PCBNew Model 377A20 Random Incidence ½” ICPTMMicrophone Offers Extended Frequency RangeThe Vibration Division of PCB Piezotronics, Inc.(PCB ® ) introduces Model 377A20 prepolarized, 1/2”46 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Random Incidence (Diffuse Field) microphone,which operates from ICP ® sensor power. Thedistinguishing feature of this model is its extendedfrequency range to 16 kHz (± 2dB). It has asensitivity of 50 mV/Pa and a wide dynamic range(14.6 to 146 dB (A) re 20µPa). This microphone has a+150 °C (+302 °F) operating temperature range andcoefficient for temperature of -0.001 dB/ °C.This model is one of a full series of modern, prepolarized,condenser microphones and preamplifiersavailable from PCB. Powered by a 2 to 20 mA signalconditioner and standard coaxial cables, thesemodern designs allow for significant savings inpower supply and cabling cost, greater ease-ofuseand operate from the same power required forICP ® accelerometers. This provides the advantageof using microphones with ICP ® accelerometers inthe same test, with the same signal conditioningequipment, minimizing set-up time.Industrial Force/Process Monitoring SensorsPiezoelectric sensors from the Force/TorqueDivision of PCB Piezotronics, Inc. (PCB ® ) utilizepiezoelectric quartz sensing elements to measuredynamic and quasi-static forces on machinerystructures. Piezoelectric sensors feature highrigidity and have no internal moving parts andthus are not susceptible to fatigue or sensitivityover millions of cycles. This makes them idealfor industrial process control and product qualityassurance applications which require repetitivecycle measurement. In typical applications, upperand lower control limits are set to follow a desiredforce curve for the process; if the actual forcecurve deviates from the pre-set control limits, theprocess is shut down. This prevents acceptance ofnon-conforming parts as finished goods.Applications include clinching, crimping, metalforming, plastic injection molding, pressing,punching, spot welding, stamping, and automaticassembly operations. PCB Series 208C GeneralPurpose Force Sensors, Force Rings, Force Links,and Series M240 Strain Sensors are easy toinstall, and can be powered by any ICP ® sensorsignal conditioner.New 16-Bit Rotary Torque Sensor for MachiningCenter Spindle Qualification TestingTORKDISC ® Rotary Torque Sensor System fromthe Force/Torque Division of PCB Piezotronics, Inc.(PCB ® ) is a compact in-line rotary torque sensor,ideally suited for spindle qualification testing ofmachining center and other torque measurementapplications that require a robust torque transducerwhere axial space is at a premium. The torquesensor can aid in selecting proper spindle sizes bycomparing rated power to actual torque delivered tocutting tools. The compact, low weight TORKDISC ®features high torsional stiffness and low sensitivityto axial and thrust bending moments.The TORKDISC ® features a field-proven telemetrysystem that consists of an on-board electronicmodule that converts torque signals into a highspeeddigital representation. Once in digital form,this data is transmitted to a non-contacting pick-uploop, with no risk of noise or data corruption. Aremote receiver unit converts the digital data to ahigh-level analog output voltage, frequency output,and a serial digital output. The TORKDISC ® Seriesoffers capacities from 2,000 to 225,000 in-lb (226to 25.4 k N-m) full-scale and maximum speeds to15,000 RPM.Other applications include dynamometer testing ofgasoline and diesel engines, transmissions, transfercases, and differentials and torque studies onpumps, fans and electric motors.For information on all PCB products, contact AndreaMohn, Marketing Coordinator, PCB Piezotronics,Inc., 3425 Walden Avenue, Depew, NY 14043-2495USA. Telephone: +1 800 828-8840 X2216; Fax: (716)684-0987; E-Mail: mktg@pcb.com; Internet: www.pcb.com2006 March www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org47

AcknowledgementsINCE/USA Liaison ProgramACO Pacific, Inc..............................................................................Belmont, CaliforniaAVAC Continuing Education................................................Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaColin Gordon and Associates...................................................San Bruno, CaliforniaAcoustical Solutions.......................................................................Richmond, VirginiaCavanaugh Tocci Associates.............................................Sudbury, MassachusettsG.R.A.S. Sound and Vibration....................................................... Vedbaek, DenmarkHarris Miller Miller & Hanson Inc..................................Burlington, MassachusettsNoise Control Engineering, Inc......................................... Billerica, MassachusettsOverly Door Company.......................................................Greensburg, PennsylvaniaScantek, Inc................................................................................... Columbia, MarylandVibro-Acoustics..........................................................Scarborough, Ontario, CanadaWyle Laboratories............................................................................Arlington, VirginiaSustaining Members of International INCEBrüel & Kjær.......................................................................................Nærum, DenmarkCesva Instruments, S.L......................................................................Barcelona, SpainEcophon.............................................................................................. Hyllinge, SwedenG.R.A.S...............................................................................................Vedbaek, DenmarkLMS International, NV NumericalIntegration Technologies..............................................................Heverlee, BelgiumNarita International Airport Corporation (NAA).......................... Narita-City, JapanNorsonic AS.......................................................................................... Tranby, NorwayRion Company, Ltd..................................................................................... Tokyo, JapanInstitutional Members of International INCEArgentina................................ Centro de Investigacion en Acustica, Buenos AiresBelgium....................Laboratorium voor Akoestiek en Thermische Fysica, LeuvenFrance...................................Centre Technique des Industries Méchanique, SenlisKorea.......................................Center for Noise and Vibration Control Engineering,Korean Institute for Science and Technology,Science Town, Taejon-ChiNew Zealand.........................................................................Centre for Sound StudiesPortugal....................................... Laboratorio Nacional de Engenharia Civil, LisboaSweden............................. Department of Applied Acoustics, Chalmers Universityof Technology, GothenburgUSA............................................................................ Graduate Program in Acoustics,..............................................................................The Pennsylvania State University,..........................................................................................State College, PennsylvaniaConference CalendarBelow is a list of congresses and conferencessponsored by International INCE and INCE/USA. A listof all known conferences related to noise can be foundby going to the International INCE page on the Internet,www.i-ince.org.2006 September 18-21ACTIVE 2006The 2006 International Symposium on ActiveControl of Sound and VibrationAdelaide, AustraliaContact: ACTIVE 2006 Conference, Schoolof Mechanical Engineering, The University ofAdelaide, SA 5005 AustraliaInternet: www.active2006.com2006 December 03-06INTER-NOISE 2006The 2006 International Congress and Exposition onNoise Control EngineeringHonolulu, Hawaii, USA. Contact: Institute ofNoise Control Engineering, INCE/USA BusinessOffice, 210 Marston, Iowa State University,Ames, IA 50011-2153. Tel. +1 515 294 6142;Fax: +1 515 294 3528; e-mail: IBO@inceusa.org.Internet: http://www.inceusa.org.2007 August 26-29INTER-NOISE 2007The 2007 International Congress and Exposition onNoise Control EngineeringIstanbul, Turkey.Contact: Turkish Acoustical SocietyYeni Krizantem Sok. No 78Ic Levent, 34330 Istanbul, TurkeyTel: +90 212 279 95 22 • Fax: +90 212 264 65 07E-mail: contact@internoise2007.org.trInternet: www.internoise2007.org.tr2007 October 22-24NOISE-CON 07, The 2007 National Conference onNoise Control EngineeringThis conference will be held at the Grand SierraResort in Reno, Nevada. Contact: Institute ofNoise Control Engineering, INCE/USA BusinessOffice, 210 Marston, Iowa State University,Ames, IA 50011-2153. Tel. +1 515 294 6142;Fax: +1 515 294 3528; e-mail: IBO@inceusa.org.Internet: http://www.inceusa.org.48 www.inceusa.org • www.noisenewsinternational.net • www.i-ince.org 2006 March

Directory of Noise Control ServicesInformation on listings in the Directory of Noise Control Services is available from the INCE/USA Business Office, 210Marston, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2153; +1 515 294 6142; Fax: +1 515 294 3528; IBO@inceusa.org. The price isUSD 400 for 4 insertions.CAVANAUGH TOCCIASSOCIATES, INC.Consultants in AcousticsArchitectural Structural Mechanical EnvironmentalWilliam J. Cavanaugh, INCE. Bd. Cert.Gregory C. Tocci, INCE. Bd. Cert.Timothy J. Foulkes, INCE. Bd. Cert.K. Anthony Hoover, INCE. Bd. Cert.Douglas H. Bell, INCE327F Boston Post RoadSudbury, MA 01776, USATelephone: +1 978 443 7871Fax: +1 978 443 7873www.cavtocci.comSCANTEK, INC.Sound and Vibration Instrumentation& Engineering• Sales• Rentals• Calibration· NVLAP (NIST) Accredited• Service• Technical Support7060 #L Oakland Mills Rd.Columbia, MD 21046 USARichard J. PeppinTelephone: +1 410 290 7726Fax: +1 410 290 9167Web: www.scantekinc.comInfo@ScantekInc.comWyle Laboratories, Inc.Research & ConsultingExcellence in acoustics and relatedspecialties since 1961Offices:2001 Jefferson Davis HighwaySuite 701Arlington, VA 22202, USATelephone +1 703 415 4550128 Maryland St.El Segundo, CA 90245 USATelephone +1 310 322 1763www.wylelabs.comHESSLER ASSOCIATES, INC.Serving the Power Industry Since 1976• Ambient, Diagnostic andCertification Surveys• Environmental Assessments• Computer Modeling• Expert WitnessHessler Associates, Inc.3862 Clifton Manor Place, Suite BHaymarket, Virginia 20169 USAPhone 1: +1 703-753-2291Phone 2: +1 703-753-1602Fax: +1 703-753-1522e-mail: George@HesslerAssociates.comWeb: www.HesslerNoise.comThe Index of Advertisers contained inthis issue is compiled as a service to our readersand advertisers; the publisher is not liable forerrors or omissions although every effort ismade to ensure its accuracy. Be sure to letour advertisers know you found them throughNoise/News International magazine.01dB–Metravib............................................... 32ACO Pacific, Inc............................................. 32BSWA.............................................................. 39CESVA.............................................................. 31Data Physics..................................................... 4Diamond Manufacturing Company............. 31Eckel Industries, Inc...................................... 44G.R.A.S. Sound & Vibration............................ 6NGC Testing Services................................... 39Norsonic.....................................................CVR2PCB Piezotronics, Inc..............................CVR4RION, Co., Ltd................................................. 19Scantek, Inc.................................................... 40SoundPLAN...................................................... 6CHARLES KULMANNMotor Sports Sound AbatementUse Permit Mitigation7415 Gum Grove LaneVacaville, CA 95688-9653 USATelephone: +1 707 678 8815NGC TESTING SERVICESAcoustical Testing LaboratoryASTM, ISO, SAE test capabilitiesincluding: E 90 (Floor-Ceiling &Partitions); E 492; C 423; E 1414; E1222(Pipe Lagging); SAE J1400(Automotive Barriers)Rental times also availablePlus Fire Test Services:E 84 (Flame Spread); E 119 (Endurance).1650 Military RoadBuffalo, NY 14217-1198716 873-9750716 873-9753 (Fax)email@ngctestingservices.comhttp://www.ngctestingservices.comACENTECH AND RH LYONAcentech welcomes RH Lyon Division• Architectural Acoustics• AV and Sound System Design• IT Infrastructure• Product Noise and Sound Quality• Noise and Vibration Control• Environmental & Industrial Acoustics• Structural DynamicsAcentech IncorporatedCambridge, Los Angeles, Philadelphia+1 617 499-8000 | +1 617 499-8074 faxwww.acentech.com