History of Latin American Dermatology
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History of Latin American Dermatology

History of Latin American Dermatology History of Latin American Dermatology

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CÉSAR QUIÑONES, PABLO I. ALMODÓVARList of dermatologists who graduated from the Dermatology Program of the University of Puerto Rico1969 Ramón Piñeiro, Eduardo Hernández, Luis G. Ortiz1970 Jorge L. Sánchez, Gloria de la Vega, Rafael E. Martín1971 Hiram Ruiz Arroyo, Juan A Mújica, Ana L. Colón1972 Edil González, Francille Escalona, Ernesto González1973 David Latoni, Neville Pereyo, Rubén Vallejo1974 Pedro Carranza, Angel L. Rivera, Héctor A. Hernández Álvarez1975 Cándido Torres, Juan López Berrios, Nilda Villavicencio1976 Ana J. Díaz, Reinaldo Rosario, Jerry C. Charneco1977 Aníbal Rivera, Félix Graulau, Magaly Peña1978 María A. Padilla, Pablo I. Almodóvar1979 Miguel Vázquez, José R. González, Armando J. Guardiola1980 José Méndez Coll, Roberto E. Alfonso, Roberto Dávila de Pedro1981 Francisco Ramos Caro, José A. Hernández, Isabel M. Banuchi1982 María L. Betancourt, Maria I. Martínez1983 Luz D. Figueroa, Edgardo Rodríguez, Roberto Palacio1984 Maritza Pérez, Julio Hernández, Antonio Riutort1985 Héctor Maldonado, Coty Benmaman1986 María Ibáñez, Blas A. Reyes, Félix Rodríguez1987 Sheila M. Torres, Carmen L. Cruz, Oliva Benmaman1988 Alma Cruz, Francis Caban1989 Aída Lugo Somolinos, Aída L. Quintero, Jaime Villa1990 Luis J. Ortiz, Scott Ross, David G. Latoni Maldonado1991 María Pico, Gerardo Lugo1992 Rafael F. Martín García, Elba Rubianes1993 Kevin Chun, Rubén Vallejo Rivera, Loyda Torres1994 Jorge E. Torres, Carmen M. San Miguel1995 Rocío Mandry, Doris N. Molina1996 Norma Alonso, Isaac Pérez, Francisco Colón1997 Adelle T. Quintana, Lizette Chabrier1998 Hiram A. Ruiz Santiago, Ricardo J. Rodríguez, Virnalisis González1999 Pedro J. Vendrell, Damaris Torres2000 José A. Rabelo, Nedil Aldarondo2001 Nydia del R. Camacho, Áurea Delgado2002 Lymarie I. Águila, Lillian Montalvo2003 Aivlys Pérez2004 Christine Muñoz, Alexander Lugo-Janer, Julio E. SánchezOrtiz. Dr. Gloria de la Vega was the first female dermatologist, forming part of the secondgroup to graduate from the Dermatology Program.When the opportunity appeared to train in Puerto Rico, the number of Puerto Ricanswho went to the United States to complete their specialization decreased. Up to the present,some ninety dermatologists have been trained at our institution.During the sixties, Drs. Armando Silva, Pedro Lázaro, Héctor Hernández López, HéctorCardona and César A. Quiñones began their practice, the latter having completed aMaster’s in skin physiology. In the seventies, Drs. Rafael Pasarell, Raúl Morales, Maríadel P. Millán, Aurea Ramírez and Fernando Calero arrived, all of them trained outsidePuerto Rico.Dr. Jorge L. Sánchez, who completed his residency at our program in 1970, specializedin dermatopathology with Dr. Bernard Ackerman at New York University and becamethe head of the Dermatology Section in 1973. In 1980, and thanks to his efforts, thesection became the Dermatology Department. Dr. Jorge L. Sánchez also held the officesof Executive Head of the Adults’ University Hospital, Rector of the Medical Sciences Areaand Interim President of the University of Puerto Rico.In the 1980s, Dr. Néstor P. Sánchez (1981) and Dr. Rafael Vélez Torres (1985) returnedto Puerto Rico; the latter was the last Puerto Rican dermatologist who specialized in theUnited States. Drs. Oteyza (from Cuba) and Porres (from Spain) settled temporarily inPuerto Rico, but subsequently moved to the United States.At the beginning of 2005, the post of head of the Dermatology Department was taken374

History of Dermatology in Puerto Ricoover by Dr. Néstor P. Sánchez, who is also a dermatopathologist. The School currently includesDrs. Néstor P. Sánchez, Jorge L. Sánchez, Pablo I. Almodóvar, Miguel VázquezBotet, José R. González, Luz D. Figueroa, Aida Lugo-Somolinos, Aivlys Pérez, Rafael F.Martín, Francisco Colón, Hiram Ruiz Santiago, Alma Cruz and Hiram Ruiz Arroyo.The vacancies for the residency are in high demand, a situation that has allowed usto choose excellent candidates, many of them with another specialized field already completed,such as pediatrics, family medicine, internal medicine and anesthesiology. At present,we have dermatologists sub-specializing in phototherapy, immunodermatology,dermatopathology, pediatric dermatology, cosmetic surgery, Mohs surgery and lasertreatment. In this way, our specialized field is placed in a prominent position withinmedicine and earns a seat in the health field in our Island and at the international level.There are currently 65 dermatologists in active practice in Puerto Rico, more than athird of whom are women. There is approximately 1 dermatologist for every 60,000 inhabitants,and services are distributed throughout the island.Scientific Research■ Scientific researchScientific research began with Dr. Arturo Carrión, who published nearly 200 articlesover the course of his life. Other specialists who have contributed many internationallypublished research papers followed him.The Dermatology Department has been a great stimulus for research and for the productionof scientific work; every year, between 5 and 10 scientific essays are publishedin the world’s principal dermatology journals.Leprosy in Puerto Rico■ Leprosy in Puerto RicoVery little is known about the diseases and epidemics that occurred during the fourcenturies of Spanish domination. It is known that the Puerto Rican deputy before theSpanish Courts struggled unsuccessfully to set up a leprosarium for the many patients ofthis disease who (Figure 3) wandered around the Island. It is thought thatleprosy arrived in the island with the introduction of slaves from Africa; itsexistence is known through the transaction documents, where it was specifiedthat the owner would get his money back if the purchased slave developedthe disease.In 1898, with the change of sovereignty, the first attempt to isolate leprosypatients took place, with the creation of a shelter in the rear of the SanJuan prison. In 1902, the first leprosarium was set up on Cabras Island, anislet off San Juan harbor; the location, isolated by the sea, had for manyyears been a quarantine site. In 1926, the patients were moved to a locationnear the city of San Juan, with better facilities for treatment.The Insular Leprosarium served as an isolation spot in the pre-treatment era for patientswith the disease. Between 1943 and 1965, Dr. Honorato Estella headed the institutionand obtained the approval of legislation to mitigate the laws, since effectivetreatment already existed.In 1966, the management of the Leprosarium became part of the Dermatology sectionof the Medicine Department of the Medical School. At that moment, the name of theinstitution was changed to Dermatological Center, under which it operated until 1977,when it was finally closed, since, as in all other places where leprosariums existed, withthe arrival of multiple therapies it was no longer necessary to keep them in operation. In1984, the Tropical Dermatology clinic was set up; since then, leprosy patients receiveFigure 3. Ruins of theLeprosarium375

CÉSAR QUIÑONES, PABLO I. ALMODÓVARList <strong>of</strong> dermatologists who graduated from the <strong>Dermatology</strong> Program <strong>of</strong> the University <strong>of</strong> Puerto Rico1969 Ramón Piñeiro, Eduardo Hernández, Luis G. Ortiz1970 Jorge L. Sánchez, Gloria de la Vega, Rafael E. Martín1971 Hiram Ruiz Arroyo, Juan A Mújica, Ana L. Colón1972 Edil González, Francille Escalona, Ernesto González1973 David Latoni, Neville Pereyo, Rubén Vallejo1974 Pedro Carranza, Angel L. Rivera, Héctor A. Hernández Álvarez1975 Cándido Torres, Juan López Berrios, Nilda Villavicencio1976 Ana J. Díaz, Reinaldo Rosario, Jerry C. Charneco1977 Aníbal Rivera, Félix Graulau, Magaly Peña1978 María A. Padilla, Pablo I. Almodóvar1979 Miguel Vázquez, José R. González, Armando J. Guardiola1980 José Méndez Coll, Roberto E. Alfonso, Roberto Dávila de Pedro1981 Francisco Ramos Caro, José A. Hernández, Isabel M. Banuchi1982 María L. Betancourt, Maria I. Martínez1983 Luz D. Figueroa, Edgardo Rodríguez, Roberto Palacio1984 Maritza Pérez, Julio Hernández, Antonio Riutort1985 Héctor Maldonado, Coty Benmaman1986 María Ibáñez, Blas A. Reyes, Félix Rodríguez1987 Sheila M. Torres, Carmen L. Cruz, Oliva Benmaman1988 Alma Cruz, Francis Caban1989 Aída Lugo Somolinos, Aída L. Quintero, Jaime Villa1990 Luis J. Ortiz, Scott Ross, David G. Latoni Maldonado1991 María Pico, Gerardo Lugo1992 Rafael F. Martín García, Elba Rubianes1993 Kevin Chun, Rubén Vallejo Rivera, Loyda Torres1994 Jorge E. Torres, Carmen M. San Miguel1995 Rocío Mandry, Doris N. Molina1996 Norma Alonso, Isaac Pérez, Francisco Colón1997 Adelle T. Quintana, Lizette Chabrier1998 Hiram A. Ruiz Santiago, Ricardo J. Rodríguez, Virnalisis González1999 Pedro J. Vendrell, Damaris Torres2000 José A. Rabelo, Nedil Aldarondo2001 Nydia del R. Camacho, Áurea Delgado2002 Lymarie I. Águila, Lillian Montalvo2003 Aivlys Pérez2004 Christine Muñoz, Alexander Lugo-Janer, Julio E. SánchezOrtiz. Dr. Gloria de la Vega was the first female dermatologist, forming part <strong>of</strong> the secondgroup to graduate from the <strong>Dermatology</strong> Program.When the opportunity appeared to train in Puerto Rico, the number <strong>of</strong> Puerto Ricanswho went to the United States to complete their specialization decreased. Up to the present,some ninety dermatologists have been trained at our institution.During the sixties, Drs. Armando Silva, Pedro Lázaro, Héctor Hernández López, HéctorCardona and César A. Quiñones began their practice, the latter having completed aMaster’s in skin physiology. In the seventies, Drs. Rafael Pasarell, Raúl Morales, Maríadel P. Millán, Aurea Ramírez and Fernando Calero arrived, all <strong>of</strong> them trained outsidePuerto Rico.Dr. Jorge L. Sánchez, who completed his residency at our program in 1970, specializedin dermatopathology with Dr. Bernard Ackerman at New York University and becamethe head <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Dermatology</strong> Section in 1973. In 1980, and thanks to his efforts, thesection became the <strong>Dermatology</strong> Department. Dr. Jorge L. Sánchez also held the <strong>of</strong>fices<strong>of</strong> Executive Head <strong>of</strong> the Adults’ University Hospital, Rector <strong>of</strong> the Medical Sciences Areaand Interim President <strong>of</strong> the University <strong>of</strong> Puerto Rico.In the 1980s, Dr. Néstor P. Sánchez (1981) and Dr. Rafael Vélez Torres (1985) returnedto Puerto Rico; the latter was the last Puerto Rican dermatologist who specialized in theUnited States. Drs. Oteyza (from Cuba) and Porres (from Spain) settled temporarily inPuerto Rico, but subsequently moved to the United States.At the beginning <strong>of</strong> 2005, the post <strong>of</strong> head <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Dermatology</strong> Department was taken374

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