History of Latin American Dermatology

Notes on the History of Dermatology in Paraguayand Shoshone of North America; and by the Gé, Kaingua, Sirione, Toba and Tehuelche,among others, in South America.The men of the upper Paleolithic appeared in Paraguay 6,000 years ago. Accordingto Canals Frau, the settlers of the upper Paleolithic in South America make up threeracial groups, all dolichoid: the ancestors of the Huarpids (tall, thin, hirsute: Huarpe ofCuyo, Sirione of eastern Bolivia), who made their way down from Mexico, Central America,Colombia, inter-Andean areas; the Lagid (short, strong, hirsute: Kainguá, Gé, amongothers), who reached Venezuela, the Orinocco basin to central and eastern Brazil,Paraguay, and northeastern Argentina. The Patagonids (tall, strongly built, not hirsute);the Tehuelche from Patagonia, who inhabited from Tierra del Fuego to central Brazil.In the Neolithic, other migratory tides which occupied Alaska, the north of NorthAmerica toward the east (Eskimo) and then migrated south (5,500 a 5,000 BC); it is saidthat they also came from Polynesia. They were brachycephalous (shorter and widerskull), sedentary, farmers, shepherds, and cattle raisers. They used tools and polishedstone weapons, bones, spears, and ivory. They knew and developed ceramics, pottery,spinning, weaving; they were socially organized, and lived in villages. They developedarts and religion. They were good sailors and improved their vessels.Today’s representatives of these groups are the Muskogee and other tribes of thesoutheastern United States; the Apache in the north of Mexico; the Eskimo; Amazonic,Arawak, Brasilids, Carib, Guaraní-tupí. Tribes of the Neolithic cultures appeared inParaguay circa the year 3,000 BC. They lived in the wild, in our eastern region, in largecommunal houses and village groups.The Amerindian races have been classified through different criteria: by geographicalareas, linguistic families, cultural areas, etc. At the time of the discovery of America,there were four subgroups, as accepted by most anthropologists:1. North Pacific Indians in Alaska and west of the Rocky Mountains, across the North Pacificto California; among them, the Apache, mainly, who made their way down to Mexico.2. South Pacific Indians, from Mexico, Central America, through the Andes to Patagonia.These are the neo-Amerindians, Aztec, Maya, Inca, Araucan in Chile, Pampean andPatagon in the eastern prairies of the Andes, southern Chaco, the Pampas and Patagonia.3. North Atlantic Indians, in the plains of North America, west of the Rocky Mountains,whose main representatives were the redskins, quite removed from the Mongols,and with an average height of 1.70 meters.4. South Atlantic Indians, in the wilderness of South America to the east of the Andes,up to the Atlantic coast; of slightly mongoloid aspect, mesocephalous, low in stature (1.55a 1.60 m); divided into numerous nations, groups, or tribes.In the Antilles lived the Carib. There were also other races, which we will not includehere, to delve into the analysis and commentary of the nations that made up the vast territoriesof South America where the arose the great civilizations from which we descend.In order to be more specific, we will cite Branislava Susnik, the main reference pointin Paraguayan anthropology, who carried out a synthesis of the racial and socio-culturalcharacteristics of the migrations of prehistoric settlers in Paraguay, dividing them intothree groups:1. The Pampido: lived in the Chaco and the Pampas between 6,000 and 5,000 BC; ofPaleolithic physical and cultural characteristics. Their current descendants would be theMakã and the Mbajá-guaikurú.2. The Lagid (named after Lagoa Santa, in Minas, Brazil, the site of fossil finds): livedbetween 6,000 and 5,000 BC in the eastern region of Paraguay, in the states of Paraná,Santa Catarina and Río Grande do Sul in Brazil, and in Misiones, in Argentina.3. The Amazonic: in 3,000 BC crossed the Panama Isthmus, the plains of Colombiaand Venezuela to the Amazon, along the tributaries (Madeira, Tapajos, Xingú, Araguaica,Tocantins) and reached Paraguay towards the year 500 BC. They are the Paleoamazonids285