History of Latin American Dermatology

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CÉSAR IVÁN VARELA HERNÁNDEZwhich years ago might have been termed a “mystery,” each one shall be free to resort tobeliefs, spirituality, imagination or convictions” 48 .Wax molds: the Dermatological Wax Museumof the National University of ColombiaCOLLABORATOR: Michel Faizal GeageaFigure 65. Waxpiece: PapularcrustysyphilisIn the 1930s, at the National University in Bogotá, Manuel José Silva createdthe Dermatological Wax Museum, with the aim of having it provide study materialsat the Medical School. Along with other professors of the time, he assigned themanufacture of the wax pieces to the sculptor Lisandro Morero Parra and to themaster G. Restrepo, who engaged in prior training in France, which already possessedmagnificent museums. The masters created more than 300 sculptures oftropical, infectious and venereal diseases, on a 1:1 scale, keeping secret themethod of working with the wax and achieving a surprising realism (Figure 65).I transcribe parts of a communication by Guillermo Gutiérrez Aldana to MichelFaizal Geagea, Head of the Dermatology Service and of the Department of InternalMedicine, that illustrates the beauty of the work: “Prof. Guillermo Pardo Villalba,who on many occasions witnessed the manufacture of these pieces, told me thatthe artist carried out a strict cleaning with antiseptics of that time; afterwards heapplied a gypsum putty which he himself prepared secretly, allowed it to dry, andcarefully removed it. In it he poured paraffin wax of a color similar to that of the patient.The mask being obtained he colored it in front of the patient with tints chosen accordingto the clinical features of the selected lesion, giving it a truly surprising realism. The figuresthus obtained were placed and fastened on wooden slats, labeled, classified andtaken to display cases for exhibition and teaching 15 .The sculptures, located in the pavilions of the St. John of God Hospital, served for manyyears for the delectation of professors and students during Dermatology lessons; but modernism,the creation of photographic albums and afterwards of slides, caused the pieces inthe Wax Museum to fall into academic disuse. In 1960, Prof. Gutiérrez Aldana rescued theMuseum and transferred it to the St. Peter pavilion of the St. John of God Hospital, butwhen he retired from the service in 1979, it was once again abandoned. In 1995, when thehospital was closed down, it was transferred to the place it now occupies at the Museumof Medical History of the National University’s Medical School, under the care of directorEmilio Quevedo and medical student Alaín Alexander Camacho. Currently Dr. Faizal is devotedlycarrying out the restoration and recovery of such a valuable historical jewel.If this brief historical summary of Dermatology in Colombia, from the millennial wisdomof the Indians to that of our contemporaries, has recreated their moments of readingand contributed to the knowledge about our field in Latin America, it will be a sourceof satisfaction to all of us who in one way or another have contributed to preparing it. ■September 2005AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements to dermatologist colleaguesAlfonso Rebolledo Muñoz, Álvaro Arévalo Durán, Álvaro Correa Sánchez, Álvaro EnriqueAcosta Madiedo de Hart, Ángela Zuluaga de Cadena, Armando Vásquez Lobo,146
History of Dermatology in ColombiaBlanca Lilia E. Lesmes Rodríguez, Catalina Zárate Ortiz, Doris Stella León Romero,Edgar Ricardo Altuzarra Galindo, Felipe Jaramillo Eyerbe, Fernando García Jiménez,Fernando Vallejo Cadavid, Germán Santacoloma Osorio, Germán Velasco Cárdenas, GonzaloMarrugo Guardo, Héctor José Castellanos Lorduy, Jaime Acevedo Ballesteros, JaimeBetancourt Osorio, Jaime Soto Mancipe, José Ignacio Gómez Uribe, José Rómulo Villamizar,Luis Arturo Gamboa Suárez, Luis Felipe Moreno, Luis Hernando Moreno Macias,Luis Miguel Covo Segrera, Luisa Porras de Quintana, Luz Marina Gómez Vargas, LuzStella Montoya de Bayona, Martha Cecilia Valbuena Mesa, Mary Ann Robledo Prada,Rafael Falabella Falabella, Ricardo Flaminio Rojas López, Sergio Martínez Lecompte,Stella Prada de Castañeda, Víctor Otero Marrugo and Ximena Sánchez Angarita.Acknowledgement to special collaboratorsDr. Evelyne Halpert Ziskiend, President of the Colombian Association of Dermatologyand Dermatological Surgery.Dr. Zoilo Cuellar Montoya, President of Colombia’s National Academy of Medicine.Dr. Hugo Armando Sotomayor Tribín, Secretary of the Association of History ofColombian Medicine.Dr. Emilio Quevedo, Director of the Medical History Center, National University ofColombia; student Alaín Alexander Camacho, Monitor.Dr. Jaime Gómez-González, Coordinator of the Hispanic American Medical BiographicalCircle.Ms. Diana María Martínez Renza, social communicator-journalist.Ms. Dilia Franz Valencia, final grammatical proofreader.Dr. Claudia Juliana Díaz Gómez, resident of the Dermatology Service. University delValle.Ms. Nelly Pinzón, secretary of the Colombian Association of Dermatology and DermatologicalSurgery.Dr. José Miguel Gaona R, physician and historian.Mr. Fernando Joel Moreno, photographer.■ References1. Ocampo LJ. Historia básica deColombia, 3ª ed. Bogotá:Bibliográfica Internacional;2000.2. Martínez ZA. Fosas y Bronces.La Medicina en la ciudad deTunja. Su evolución histórica.Academia Boyacense deHistoria. Bogotá: Kelly; 1989.3. Sotomayor Tribín HA, RestrepoZE, Gómez LJ, Pérez GM. Elmedicamento en la historiade Colombia. Bogotá:Schering Plough - Nomos;1997.4. Vasco LG. Jaibanás losverdaderos hombres. Bogotá:Biblioteca Banco Popular;1985:77-101.5. Zubiría R de. La medicina de lacultura muisca. Bogotá:Universidad Nacional deColombia; 1986.6. Sotomayor Tribín HA.Arqueomedicina de Colombiaprehispánica. 2ª ed. Bogotá:Universidad Militar NuevaGranada. Edifarni;1999.7. Sotomayor Tribín HA. Apropósito de la bartonellosisen una máscara ecuatorianaprecolombina. Medicina.Academia Nacional deMedicina. Abr 1994;36:28-9.8. Soriano Lleras A. La Medicinaen el Nuevo Reino deGranada, durante laConquista y la Colonia.Bogotá: Imprenta Nacional;1966.9. Gutiérrez V. Trasfondohistórico. Triple legado en laMedicina tradicionalcolombiana. Bogotá; 1983.10. Rodríguez Cuenca JV. Laantropología forense en laidentificación humana.Universidad Nacional deColombia. Bogotá:Guadalupe;2004.11. Zuluaga G. El aprendizaje de147
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History ofLatin AmericanDermatology
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History of Latin American Dermatolo
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AUTHORS OF THE BOOK HISTORY OF LATI
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LIST OF AUTHORSDermatology Service
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LIST OF AUTHORSQUIÑÓNES, CÉSAR (
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PREFACETHE BEGINNING OF A ROADRICAR
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HISTORY OFDERMATOLOGYAMONG ARGENTIN
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History of Dermatology among Argent
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LUIS DAVID PIERINIHerbal treatments
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LUIS DAVID PIERINIto have diuretic,
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LUIS DAVID PIERINIMapuche youths we
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LUIS DAVID PIERINIsources: the abor
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PABLO A. VIGLIOGLIA, ALBERTO WOSCOF
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DERMATOLOGY - ARTAND CULTUREAMALIA
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Dermatology — art and cultureMany
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Dermatology — art and culturework
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HISTORY OF THEARGENTINE ASSOCIATION
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History of the Argentine Associatio
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HISTORICAL OUTLINEOF THE BOLIVIANDE
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Historical outline of the Bolivian
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PAULO R. CUNHAHouse of Bragança, c
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PAULO R. CUNHABahia’s Tropical De
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PAULO R. CUNHAMedical Schools. Actu
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PAULO R. CUNHAintravenous injection
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PAULO R. CUNHABernardino Antônio G
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PAULO R. CUNHAHospital, in Paris. H
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PAULO R. CUNHAin Dermatology at SPU
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PAULO R. CUNHAClínicas. In 1967, h
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PAULO R. CUNHA(1988); Luiz Henrique
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PAULO R. CUNHAFigure 11. Prof. Dr.P
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PAULO R. CUNHAKaposi’s sarcoma, r
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PAULO R. CUNHApapers in the Congres
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PAULO R. CUNHADuring his administra
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M. MADERO, F. MADERO, G. MONTENEGRO
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JULIO E. BAÑOS, ENRIQUE HERNÁNDEZ
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JULIO E. BAÑOS, ENRIQUE HERNÁNDEZ
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HISTORYOF DERMATOLOGYIN GUATEMALAED
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History of Dermatology in Guatemala
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ADAME, ARIAS, ARENAS, CAMPOS, NEUMA
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HISTORY OFPEDIATRICDERMATOLOGYIN ME
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History of pediatric Dermatology in
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HISTORY OFNICARAGUANDERMATOLOGYALDO
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History of Nicaraguan Dermatology
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History of Nicaraguan DermatologyAn
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History of Nicaraguan DermatologyTh
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History of Nicaraguan Dermatologyan
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NOTES ON THEHISTORY OFDERMATOLOGYIN
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Notes on the History of Dermatology
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ELBIO FLORES-CEVALLOS, LUIS FLORES-
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LUIS VALDIVIA BLONDETFigure 3. Moch
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LUIS VALDIVIA BLONDETremained until
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LUIS VALDIVIA BLONDETDermatology re
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LUIS VALDIVIA BLONDETThe Children
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LUIS VALDIVIA BLONDETFigure 18. Log
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LUIS VALDIVIA BLONDETthat Internati
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Notes on the history of Peruvian De
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CÉSAR QUIÑONES, PABLO I. ALMODÓV
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MARTHA MINIÑO, RAFAEL ISA ISAFigur
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MARTHA MINIÑO, RAFAEL ISA ISA■ T
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MARTHA MINIÑO, RAFAEL ISA ISAFigur
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MARTHA MINIÑO, RAFAEL ISA ISAissue
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MARTHA MINIÑO, RAFAEL ISA ISA■ D
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THE INDIANS OFURUGUAY AND THEIRRELA
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The Indians of Uruguay and their re
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RAÚL VIGNALEseventeenth, eighteent
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RAÚL VIGNALEDepartment Council the
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RAÚL VIGNALEessential as regards m
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RAÚL VIGNALEthe specialized field.
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RAÚL VIGNALEIt must also be mentio
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RAÚL VIGNALEmonth was established
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RAÚL VIGNALE■ References1. Blanc
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A. LANDER, J. PIQUERO, A. RONDÓN,
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ROBERTO ARENAS1976-1979 Rubem David
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ANNUAL GATHERINGOF LATIN AMERICANDE
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Annual Gathering of Latin American
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EVELYNE HALPERT, RAMÓN RUIZ MALDON
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RAFAEL FALABELLAalready beginning t
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RAFAEL FALABELLAprocedures seek job
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RAFAEL FALABELLA■ References1. Si
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THE EDITORStheir final approval. In
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INDEX OF NAMESÁlvarez Ortiz, Marí
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INDEX OF NAMESCCabada, Carlos de la
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INDEX OF NAMESCruz, Martín de la,
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INDEX OF NAMESGago de Vadillo, Pedr
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INDEX OF NAMESHumboldt, Alexandrowi
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INDEX OF NAMESMarques, Antônio de
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INDEX OF NAMESOrtega, Juan José, 2
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INDEX OF NAMESRestrepo Molina, Rodr
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INDEX OF NAMESSigüenza C., Norma,
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INDEX OF NAMESVillacís, Manuel, 19
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