2/2005 - Fingrid

Corporate magazineFingrid Oyj2/2005FINGRIDLiisa Pottonen andDOCTORAL THESISpage 4ELECTROTHERAPYat Electricity Museum Elektrapage 14

EditorialTechnology and environmentAn organisational reform carried out within Fingrid in earlyJune resulted in a new function referred to as “Technologyand environment”. The objective of the reform was to createa competence centre for power system technology andenvironmental and safety issues within Fingrid. This centrewill support the entire line organisation and customers, planand assess line routes, and co-ordinate technology development,corporate security, risk management and realisationof corporate social responsibility within Fingrid.The first impression of the name of the new function maybe contradictory if you perceive technology and the environmentas being opposite to each other, maybe even cancellingeach other out. However, technology can also be developedby taking the needs of the environment into account,and in fact, only technology enables a solution to environmentalproblems.The construction of new transmission lines and substationsis crucial to Finland. The duties and obligations imposed onFingrid by the Electricity Market Act require that the main gridis developed constantly to respond to the changing needs ofthe electricity market while at the same time retaining thehigh level of system security in electricity transmission. In orderto increase the transmission capacity of the grid, Fingridwill construct approximately 1,000 kilometres of new transmissionlines by the end of this decade, and another sea cablewill also be built between Finland and Sweden. The implementationof these projects will call for the successfulintegration of power transmission technologywith the environment in highly varied locations.The said duties, obligations and objectivesare also reflected in the focal areas selected forFingrid’s technology development. These focalareas include managing operational securityand power transfers, developing technical solutionsand maintenance of the grid, and adaptingthe power transmission system to its environment.We are currently specifying developmentprojects to be carried out in each area,after which they will be given specific implementationresources and schedules. Because our own developmentresources are limited, it is important to find suitablepartners in each focal area, with long-term developmentprogrammes to be carried out with the partners. Indepthand long-span co-operation can especially be createdthrough the five-year professorship in high-voltage electricitytransmission systems donated by Fingrid to the HelsinkiUniversity of Technology. This co-operation will contributeto transmission technology expertise in Finland.We cannot identify all potential developments and needson our own. This is why the development of innovation andexpertise must take place in close co-operation with our variousinterest groups. We therefore have a challenge in modifyingthe innovation process relating to technology developmentand management of corporate social responsibilityto become as interactive as possible.What Fingrid does is an integral part of our society and requiresextensive co-operation with various parties. This is whythe issue with electricity transmission cannot be “technologyor environment” but everything is based on “technologyand environment”.Jussi Jyrinsalo heads the recently established ”Technologyand environment” function within Fingrid Oyj.FINGRIDCorporate magazineFingrid Oyj8th volume2/2005Published byFingrid OyjEditorial staffTelephone: +358 (0)30 395 5000, Fax +358 (0)30 395 5196,Postal address: P.O.Box 530 , FI-00101 Helsinki, FinlandStreet address: Arkadiankatu 23 B, Helsinki, www.fingrid.fiEditor-in-Chief: Leni Lustre-Pere, leni.lustre-pere@fingrid.fiEditorial board: Nina Elomaa, Jari Helander, Aila Itäpää, Antti Linna, Erkki StamDesign by bbo, Better Business Office Oy, Maria Hallila and Tuija SorsaTranslation by Kielipaja Hannu HakalaCover photograph by Juhani EskelinenPrinted by SävypainoISSN 1456-2693

In this issueMain grid strengthened in Central Finland.6Liisa Pottonen’s big job is now done.4Nordic grid expertise to the equator.12EditorialTechnology and environment 2Liisa Pottonen’s doctoral thesis acceptedLiisa Pottonen, Leading Specialist at Fingrid, has developed amethod for the probabilistic security analysis of electricity transmissiongrids. She will be conferred her doctoral degree nextautumn. 4Construction of Toivila–Vihtavuoritransmission lineSAG, a German company, is constructing the 400 kilovolt transmissionline from Toivila in Jämsä to Vihtavuori in Jyväskylä.The work is characterised by an international aspect. 6In brief 8Fenno-Skan 2 sea cable respondsto the needs of the electricity marketThe new sea cable connection to be built by Fingrid and SvenskaKraftnät will reinforce the electricity transmission connectionsbetween Finland and Sweden and integrate the Nordic electricitymarket even more closely together. 9Extended service life to the Kilpilahtireserve power plantThe Kilpilahti gas turbine plant obtained new control systems,which will give the plant many more years of operation. 10Nordic grid expertise appreciated in AfricaA team mainly consisting of Finnish grid specialists are preparingto submit their report of the interconnection of the electricitytransmission grids between the neighbouring countries of Ethiopiaand Sudan. 12Healing electricity - true or tale?Electricity Museum Elektra has an exhibition presenting therapieswhich are in the borderline between science and mere promises, andalso breakthroughs achieved through the joint efforts of electricalengineering, physics and medicine in conquering diseases. 14Grid maintenance management discussedin customer events 17The story of the St Mikael compiled in a bookBook “S:t Mikael 1747” published by Fingrid tells the story ofthe shipwrecked three-masted galliot. The book represents maritimehistory, cultural history and history of everyday life, takingthe reader 250 years back in time. 18SAMBA is street theatreMusic, dance and theatre meet each other in a samba carnival,where there is no limit to imagination. Juha Karjalainen of Fingridhas been playing in a samba orchestra for seven years, andthere is no end to the carnival in sight. 20Keep your eyes open while on a bike 23In the netSlower, deeper, with insight 24In brief 25All in a day’s workJani Pelvo, who works at Fingrid’s Power System Control Centre,describes his one day at work. 27

Liisa Pottonen has completed her project ofDOCTORAL THESISFor the past three years, Liisa Pottonen, Leading Specialist atFingrid, has been focusing on developing a method for theprobabilistic security analysis of transmission grids. Herdoctoral thesis was accepted at the Helsinki University ofTechnology in April, and she will be conferred her doctoraldegree next autumn.TEXT BY: Maria HallilaPHOTOGRAPHS BY: Juhani EskelinenThe method developed by LiisaPottonen takes into accounta versatile range of variables inthe analysis of the system security oftransmission grids: properties of theprotection system of the grid, frequencyof line faults, fault location on theline, substation structure, failure ratesof substation components, and the dynamicbehaviour of the power systemafter faults.“I studied faults in the 400 kilovoltnetwork in Finland over the past 20years to find out the types of faults thatshowed the biggest need for a systemsecurity model. Line faults were mostcommon, so I drew up the model forthese faults. For each line, I calculatedevent trees where there is first a linefault, after which protection or switchingoff the fault at a substation doesnot work because of equipment failure,as a result of which the fault durationis extended and the fault is potentiallyexpanded. These factors were calculatedfor a certain host of substation failures,”Liisa Pottonen describes her researchwork.“The results of power system simulationswere categorised on the basisof the state of the grid, and the sys-tem breakdown frequencies were thencalculated at certain assumptions. Therelative importance of the substationcomponents was calculated in view oftotal and partial system breakdown.”According to Liisa Pottonen, earliersimilar studies have calculated systemsecurity without a substation model oron the basis of an insufficient substationmodel, or the system security ofa substation has been calculated withoutconsidering the impact of failureof substation operations on the stateof the power system. “This work hastaken both factors into account,” LiisaPottonen points out.Tool for capitalexpenditure decisionsThe goal of the research work fundedby Fingrid was to come up with a toolthat would enable Fingrid to make increasinglyreliable capital expenditureand maintenance decisions concerningthe grid, mainly substations and theirmaintenance.Earlier, Fingrid had ordered a preliminaryinvestigation from the TechnicalResearch Centre of Finland concerningcalculation methods for system secu-FINGRID 2/2005 4rity. “This investigation revealed thatthere are no off-the-shelf methods, sothis area required further study,” LiisaPottonen says.She summarises the benefits of theprobabilistic method over the socalleddeterministic method as follows:“When the grid is planned and operatedon the basis of a probabilistic analysis,you get more efficiency withoutcompromising system security. This isa benefit both for society and the gridoperator. The deterministic method isan opposite to the probabilistic approach.According to the deterministicmethod, all faults are equally likely,and grid operation and planning makepreparations for the worst case scenario.In this case, some transmission capacitygoes unused, or capital expenditurein the grid is allocated poorly.”Many myths involvedin doctoral thesisLiisa Pottonen obtained insight into herresearch topic by reading related literatureand by drawing up models. She saysthat modelling, simulation and computationwere the easy stages in her doctoralwork. Instead, it was difficult tofind out what others had done.

“Many articles were quite difficult andpoorly written. It was also difficult towrite, or at least to get started.”According to Liisa, people seemto think that writing a doctoralthesis takes up all leisuretime. “However, thatis partly a myth. This wasnot unlike many otherprojects. Last autumnand this spring I alsohad to work in the eveningsand weekends,but I did most of myresearch at daytimeand took eveningsand weekends off.”What made Liisa’s situationeasier was that most ofthe financing for her work camefrom Fingrid. “I received salarywhen I did research duringmy daytime work.It’s a different thingwhen you do researchin your own time or if financingis so scarce that you need to work eveningsand weekends just to make endsmeet.”“I did not work late that often; onceuntil 4 in the morning in Decemberwhen I had to leave in my draft textfor preliminary examination, and onceuntil 2 in the spring when I had to gothrough proofreading comments beforethe text was sent for printing.”Discussions were a great helpLiisa Pottonen’s advice to those thinkingof writing a doctoral thesis can besummarised in a few key issues.“If you are interested in research andcan find a good topic and financing,I recommend it. You also need a goodsupervisor,” she points out.The basic requirement is that you needto be interested in your topic. “Therefore,you should pick a topic that youfind interesting.”Some degree of perseverance is also required.“You need to be able to thinkindependently. If you are more comfortablewith doing things, sitting inmeetings, having telephone conversationsand you cannot focus on a singleissue for a length of time, it maybe better to forget about a thesis,” LiisaPottonen says.She also feels that discussions with othershave a focal role. “When you ponderon things on your own, you get easilystuck with your own thoughts. It isgood if others ask you specifying questions,question your opinions and giveyou good ideas.”

SAG as the contractorin the line projectFROM JÄMSÄ TO JYVÄSKYLÄSAG Energieversorgungslösungen GmbH, a German company, has been constructingthe 400 kilovolt transmission line from Toivila in Jämsä to Vihtavuori in Jyväskyläsince last summer. The work is characterised by an international aspect.TEXT BY: Leni Lustre-PerePHOTOGRAPHS BY: Juhani EskelinenSAG, which won theinternational competitive biddingprocedure, has several Finnishenterprises as its subcontractors, and theemployees also represent many countries. Thesite in Central Finland has builders from Germany, Finland,Britain, Ireland, Poland and Italy.The materials used at the site also come from manydifferent countries. Purchases have been made in countriessuch as Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Turkey andBahrain.Adaptation is part of the workThe site is headed by Joe D’Eramo, an Italian living inSouth Africa. During his career, he has seen transmissionline sites in many countries and learnt to adapt to theFINGRID 2/2005 6prevailing circumstances.He moved to Finlandfrom Mozambique,where, according to him, the workas such was basically the same as inFinland, but the circumstances were “abit more sweaty” in Mozambique. Healso says that he does not really missthe buzzing swarms of mosquitoes ofMozambique, either.Prepared to work differentlyWhen you work in a team where theteam members have different backgroundsand views about how thingsshould run, it is quite obvious thatcommunications must be active andbased on listening to the other party?“That is very true,” says Jyrki Salmi,who serves as the Deputy Site Manager.“For instance, the amount of Germanbureaucracy seems strange when seenthrough Finnish eyes, and the Germanscertainly wonder at some of our practices.However, all matters can be

Joe D’Eramo, Site Manager, with Fingrid’sProject Manager Antti Linna.7

From the left: Jyrki Salmi, Deputy SiteManager, Hanna Volanen, Office Secretary,and Karsten Heine, SAG’s PurchasingManager.cleared by talking.”Antti Linna, Fingrid’s ProjectManager, thinks that the major differencesstem from engineering. “Finnishworking methods have traditionallybeen guided by occupational safety,which renders engineering very thorough,well-documented and also havinga longer time span,” he assesses thedifferences.However, he feels that foreign workersare more broadminded than Finns to acceptand try new ways of working.“There are no clashes with the ‘thisis how we’ve done things in the past’mentality, since the employees have theright attitude to do things ‘in a waydifferent from the old way’”.Antti Linna also praises the increasinglyadvanced working methods.Partly dismantling old, partlybuilding parallelThe construction work of the 86-kilometretransmission line startingfrom the Toivila substation in Jämsäprogresses so that a 400 kilovoltline will be constructed in the existingright-of-way of the present 220 kilovoltline Hikiä–Jämsä–Petäjävesi fromJämsä to Jämsänkoski and further toPetäjävesi. From Petäjävesi to Vihtavuori,the line will be built partly parallelwith existing 110 kilovolt lines andpartly in a new right-of-way.The contract covers the dismantlingof the old line and the necessary modificationsto the 110 kilovolt lines in thearea. The total budget of the projectis approx. 13 million euros. The transmissionline will be ready in November2005.8INBRIEFMain grid interfacereinforced at EurajokiRenewal of transmission linescommenced on the Olkiluoto– Rauma lineFingrid has launched the renewal ofthe 2x110 kilovolt Olkiluoto – Raumatransmission line between Olkiluoto andJunnala. This line project is part of themain grid interface arrangements requiredby the new nuclear power unit tobe constructed at Olkiluoto.The project, which started on 31 Maythrough foundation work, is the first phasein reinforcing the main grid interface forOlkiluoto. Later, between 2005 and 2007, a400 kilovolt line will be built from Olkiluototo Huittinen, and there will also be substationsat both ends of the line.The length of the line renewed withinthe current project is 10.5 kilometres,and it will be ready in January 2006. Theline will run in Eurajoki from TVO’s powerplant area to the separation point ofthe current 400 kilovolt lines at Junnala.Existing line structures will primarily be renewedon the current right-of-way. Thenew line will deviate from the present routea little at Olkiluoto and in the Tahkoniemi– Junnala area, where a new 110 kilovoltline will go under the 400 kilovolt linesearlier than now.The contractor in the transmission lineproject costing approx. 3 million euros isEmpower Oy. The turn-key contract coversall engineering, construction and installationwork and materials. The contract alsoincludes the replacement of some overheadground wires on the 400 kilovolt linebetween Seinäjoki and Ulvila.

Fenno-Skan 2 sea cableresponds to the needs of the electricity marketFenno-Skan 2, the new sea cableconnection of 600 - 800 megawattsto be constructed between Finlandand Sweden by Fingrid togetherwith Svenska Kraftnät, will becompleted in the autumn of 2010.The sea cable will reinforce theelectricity transmission connectionsbetween Finland and Swedenand integrate the Nordic electricitymarket even more closely together.The project will reduce temporaryprice differences of electricitybetween the countries anddecrease the hedging costs of themarket parties.Timo Toivonen, President of Fingrid,says that the new sea cable connectionis a concrete indication of thewill and ability of TSOs to contributeto the efficient functioning of theNordic electricity market.The new Fenno-Skan 2 sea cableis the first concrete capital expendituredecision in accordance withthe shared development plan of theNordic transmission system operators.Nordel, the co-operation organisationof the Nordic transmissionsystem operators, has suggested theconstruction of a total of five newpriority cross-sections.The five cross-sections proposed byNordel in the spring of 2004 will improvethe functioning of the Nordicelectricity market. The total value ofall projects proposed is approx. 1,000million euros, and the projects are tobe ready around 2010.According to Jan Magnusson,Director General of Svenska Kraftnätand Chairman of Nordel, the proposalconcerning the construction of thefive new transmission connections isone of the most important steps inthe development of the Nordic grids.“Co-operation of this type is uniqueglobally,” Jan Magnusson says.Fenno-Skan 2 will be a direct currentconnection with a total lengthof almost 300 kilometres. Power converterstations will be constructed ateach end of the cable. In Finland, thenew cable will be connected to themain grid at the Rauma substation. InSweden, the connection point to theSwedish grid is the Finnböle substationto be built north of Stockholm.Fingrid and Svenska Kraftnät willshare the ownership and capital expenditurecosts of the cable, totallingapprox. 200 million euros. The constructionwork will commence oncethe permit process is complete. Theproject will be subject to internationalcompetitive bidding.Leni Lustre-Pere9

Modernisation of control systems bringsEXTENDED SERVICE LIFEto the Kilpilahti reserve power plantTEXT BY: Maria HallilaPHOTOGRAPHS BY: Martti MerviöThe project, which was launchedthrough preliminary analyses in 2001,covers eight gas turbine units. Accordingto Martti Merviö, the modernisationof control systems not only extendsthe service life of the plants butalso improves their reliability and facilitatesthe analysis of potential disturbances.New automation also enablesthe monitoring of the state and operationof the power plants remotely fromFingrid’s head office in Helsinki.Plant location broughtextra challengesThe commissioning of the new control system for the Kilpilahti gas turbine powerplant required great concentration. The photograph shows Veikko Haapanen (onthe left), John Jodon (CTS), Arto Moilanen, Peter Huggare (ABB), Kari Suominen(Fortum Oil) and Pentti Hulkkonen (Fortum Service) following the first trial startof the plant.The recently completed modernisation of control systemsat the Kilpilahti gas turbine power plant is the lastbut one sub-project in the total modernisation projectcovering automation at Fingrid’s reserve power plants.“The project aims to extend the service life of theseplants by up to 20 years,” says Martti Merviö, who is responsiblefor the project.The Kilpilahti 27 megawatt gas turbinepower plant is situated in a cave in thearea of Neste Oil Oy’s Sköldvik oil refinery.The location of the plant approximately30 metres beneath ground levelbrought special challenges to the modernisationproject.“There were especially extensive operations,such as lifting the old electricaland control equipment structuresfrom the cave and transferring the newequipment sections into the cave. Bothof these were carried out through a verticalshaft,” says Arto Moilanen, whowas responsible for the delivery supervisionof the automation system.FINGRID 2/2005 10

According to him, the number of personnelinvolved in the project was alsoconsiderably large. “At best, we had almost20 mechanics and experts installingthe fuel systems and auxiliary devices,modifying the 11 kilovolt busbarsystem, and doing other installationand testing work.”Electricity systems also upgradedIt was only at a very late stage in theproject that it turned out that in orderto achieve a sensible outcome, theoriginally American electricity systemsand confined facilities for electrical andcontrol equipment had to be renewed.Ari Loivakari was in charge of their engineeringand delivery supervision.Kilpilahti also had a special problemwhich had not been encounteredat the other six plants which had beenmodernised earlier. According to MarttiMerviö, this problem was related to thenew implementation of power controlfor the gas turbine.“Alongside the careful engineeringof the control system, this calledfor considerable mechanical modifications– such as a new control valve andpiping changes – to the fuel system ofthe gas turbine. To solve this problem,we needed expert assistance from theUSA,” Martti Merviö says.The main contractor and equipmentsupplier in the modernisation projectwas ABB Oy. Suomen ProsessiautomaatioasennusOy was responsible for theinstallation work. The expert in the engineeringand commissioning of thepower control solution was John Jodonof Combustion Turbine Systems.New benefits from automationHarri Ollikainen, Fingrid’s Power PlantManager, estimates that the total modernisationcosts of the Kilpilahti gas turbinepower plant are approx. 650,000euros. This input has given the plant notonly additional reliability and servicelife but also new, useful features whichmake its operation easier.“It is now easy to change the operatingvalues as this takes place bychanging the software and its parameters.You do not really have to adjustthe actual machinery. It is also easy tomonitor the plant, since all measurementand status information is receivedby a computer. Disturbance analysis isfacilitated considerably, because themeasurement and state information isstored in computers, and this informationcan be used in retrospect to analysethe disturbances and their causes,”Martti Merviö says.“Trial run, starting and monthly reportsin particular are a great assetin monitoring the plant, its fuel consumptionand electricity production,”Arto Moilanen adds.Capacity for critical situationsFingrid is responsible for the functioningof the power system in Finland andfor system security as part of its statutorysystem responsibility. In accordancewith the Nordic system agreement,this calls for maintaining reservepower capacity for disturbance situations.Most of the reserve power capacitycurrently available to Fingrid – ap-prox. 650 megawatts – consists of gasturbine plants. Most of this capacity isowned by Fingrid while just under onequarter is available to Fingrid throughaccess rights contracts.Fingrid’s reserve capacity will be reinforcedsignificantly in 2007. It isthen that Fingrid’s Olkiluoto gas turbinepower plant will be completed,with TVO also participating in the constructionof the plant. Fingrid signedthe delivery contract for the main machineryof the plant on 21 June 2005.“After this plant is ready, the reservepower capacity available to Fingrid issufficient for the time being,” MarttiMerviö says.John Jodon (on the left), Harri Ollikainen and VeikkoHaapanen discussing the last modifications to the fuelsystem of the plant. The fuel system required modificationsright from the outset of commissioning.11

Hannu Maula, Fingrid’sGrid Service Specialist,worked on the gridanalysis project in Ethiopia andSudan in February and March.He was to acquire informationon issues such as the existinggrid in the countries andplanned grid projects. Basedon this information and electricityconsumption prognosesand generation plans, he hasdrawn up technical grid plansand comparisons relating to theproject.Hannu Maula knew the related dutiesand working environment from before,because a similar analysis was now carriedout for the third time and he hasbeen involved in all of its stages.“The integration of the grids inEthiopia and Sudan was investigated forthe first time in 1987 – 1988, and the reportdrawn up then was updated in themid-1990s. The initial goal with the currentanalysis was just to update the ear-NORDIC GRID EXPERTISEappreciated in AfricaEthiopia and Sudan, two neighbouring countries in North-EasternAfrica, have been planning the interconnection of their electricitytransmission grids for decades. They have sought consultationassistance in the far-away Nordic countries, which know howto master electricity transmission and joint operation of gridsbetween different countries. A team mainly consisting of Finnishgrid specialists are preparing their final analysis report of theinterconnection of the grids in the two countries.TEXT BY: Maria Hallila PHOTOGRAPHS BY: Hannu Maula, Seppo Sarkola and Juhani EskelinenAccording to Hannu Maula,the technology used in theelectricity transmission gridsin Ethiopia and Sudan is wellup to modern requirements.The photograph is from SouthernSudan.FINGRID 2/2005 12

lier information, but the clients’ planshave changed so much that a mere updatewas no longer sufficient. There wasmuch more work than anticipated,” saysHannu Maula, who was completing hispart of the report at the end of May.Different energy resources as thestarting point in co-operationHannu Maula says that the outcome ofthe analyses was clear right from thefirst report: the interconnection of thegrids is beneficial to both parties. However,the actual implementation of themal power production in Sudan couldbe compensated by the neighbouringcountry’s hydropower, power productioncosts in Sudan would decrease essentiallyand Sudan could export the oilthus saved. Correspondingly, Ethiopiawould obtain export revenues – or oil –for the electricity.”Cautious startNegotiation in the new office of the Sudanese client in Khartoum. Behind the desk in the middle is MrAli Elnour Mahmoud, Project Manager for the Sudanese. In the foreground are Finnish project teammembers Jouko Vehi, Seppo Sarkola and Antti Ketola.“Most of the countryside in Ethiopia and Sudan still doesnot have electricity, but the countries have ambitiousplans to raise the degree of electrification to more than50 per cent over a very short period of time,” HannuMaula says. The screen shows typical Ethiopian sceneryalong the planned route of the interconnection.Hannu Maula, an avid nature enthusiast, spent hisscanty leisure time observing African nature. The photographshows the sacred ibis, a species of storks.plan has been prevented by politicaldisagreements between Ethiopia andSudan and by local unrest.“The present situation finally appearsto be so stable that there would notseem to be any obstacles to the implementationof the project,” HannuMaula says.According to him, the benefits ofgrid integration are based on the differentpower production situations andopportunities in the two countries.“Ethiopia has tens of thousands ofmegawatts of available hydropower capacity.On the other hand, Sudan hasto produce some electricity throughthermal power, but Sudan also hasoil which it exports to the world marketalongside domestic use. If ther-The analysis team offers several alternativesfor the interconnection of thegrids, and the clients will choose thebest one of these on the basis of recommendationsmade by the team. Thelength of the interconnection to beconstructed is 300 to 600 kilometresdepending on the alternative chosen,and it could be operational in 2009.“We think that co-operation shouldbe launched in a relatively small scale.The line constructed would have a voltageof 220 kilovolts, and it would transmit100 to 200 megawatts of electricity.In this way, excess hydropower capacitycould be utilised,” Hannu Maula says.“If Ethiopia ever starts to constructhydropower plants in view of exportsof electricity, that is a much biggerproject.”The analysis work was in the handsof Hifab Oy, a Swedish company whichacquired the consulting business ofEltel Networks Oy a couple of yearsago. Jouko Vehi headed the analysisproject. The project involved a total ofseven Finnish experts, two French consultantsand several local experts.In addition to Hannu Maula, Fingrid’sgrid expertise in the project was representedby Kurt Lindström, who retiredfrom the position of head of internationalrelations at Fingrid in the autumnof 2003.13

Exhibition at Electricity Museum Elektrafrom 1 June to 31 August 2005Healing electricity –true or tale?FINGRID 2/2005 14Electrotherapy appliance from the late 19th century. The manufacture of such appliances commenced soon after Michael Faraday had invented the induction phenomenon.The treatment was alleged to heal diseases of the nervous system in particular. Collections of Tapio Lukkonen.

6.6. Luigi Galvani started to use the electric battery,developed by Alessandro Volta, for therapy purposesin the early 19th century. (Lichtjahre, 1986, p. 57)7. Electrotherapy room of a hospital in Vienna inthe early 20th century. (Lichtjahre, 1986, p. 151)8. Michel Faraday invented the transformer in1831. The induction current produced by thetransformer was soon used for therapeutic purposes.This form of treatment was called faradismafter its inventor. (Lichtjahre, 1986, p. 155) 7. 8.The illustrative boards describe various electrotherapy appliances and forms of treatment.You can kiss ache, pain and discomfort goodbye.This is at least how TV shop commercials marketelectrotherapy appliances. In the commercials,people tell amazing stories and say that such applianceshave changed their lives. Electricity MuseumElektra now has an exhibition which shows thatthe wonder gadgets are no new phenomenon.TEXT BY Maria Hallila“Few can explain how they got well. A miraclejust happened. And when many peopleenough repeat the same thing, you start tobelieve in the appliance,” says Mikko Kero,who has designed the exhibition.According to him, people’s endlessdesire to believe in recuperationhas created demand for various typesof electrotherapy appliances ever sinceman learned how to control electricity.The breakthrough in this area wasthe invention of the Leyden jar in the1740s. The new invention was firstused in medicine.“Jean Jallabert used the Leyden jarto give electric stimulation to a blacksmithwhose arm had been paralysed.The lucky blacksmith regained thesense of feeling in his arm and was ableto use it,” Mikko Kero says.Turning point in medicineThe Leyden jar marked the beginningof unparalleled interest in electric medicine.Various therapies were developed.Despite this, the way in whichelectricity influenced the human bodyremained a great mystery until the endPHOTOGRAPHS BY Juhani Eskelinenof the 19th century.“Elektra’s exhibition shows howmankind became conscious of the influenceof electricity on the humanbody – and how this riddle was solved.Knowledge of the impact of electricitymeant a turning point in medicine,”Mikko Kero says.As more and more knowledge accumulated,many therapies and notionsdeveloped within medicine shifted overto the category of alternative medicine.“As an example, the notion of theelectric nature of the human body,which emerged in medicine at the endof the 19th century, prevailed until the1950s. According to this notion, thehuman body is like a machinewhose functions are based on theflow of electrons. In this way, thehuman body could benefit frombeing charged with electricityand having radium watertreatments. These made peoplefeel better and added totheir virility.”15Golden age in electrotherapyThe notion of the electric human bodyhad a particular impact on the popularityof spas, Mikko Kero says. In thegolden age of electrotherapy, from the1880s to the 1930s, spas evolved intoimportant centres of electrotherapy,where the elite of society gathered toraise their physical condition.“As an example, Marshal Mannerheimof Finland had regular treatments in spasin Finland and Continental Europe.”After the spa treatment periods, peoplecontinued the treatments at homeby using electrotherapy applianceswhich had emerged in the market.“These appliances were status symbols,but as electrification expanded in the1920s, the hobby of the elite becamemore popular in other walks of life, too.More and more people had an opportunityto turn their electric fantasiesinto reality.”However, electrotherapy soon gave wayto rapidly advancing medical forms oftreatment. “Unfulfilled expectations andincreasing knowledge concerning healthrisks associated with some forms of treatmentalso contributedto thedemise ofelectrotherapy,”MikkoKero says.Mechanical electrical massage appliances.

1. Static electricity being charged in a Leiden jar. (1751)2. Leiden jar. (Lichtjahre, 100 Jahre Strom inÖsterreich, 1986, p. 67)3. Static electricity being produced. (1751)4. Animal tests by Luigi Galvani at the end of the18th century managed to move the muscles ofa dead animal. The human body and life werethought to be based on so-called animal electricity.(Lichtjahre, 1986, p. 10)Truths and magicPekka Niemi, Chairman of Society forElectrotechnical Heritage Elektra, saysthat the electrotherapy exhibition tellsmany tales, and each visitor hopefullyfinds the most interesting one of these.He says that the idea for the exhibitioncame from the questions andinterest arisen by electrotherapy appliancesmade in the early 20th century.“It seemed worth while studyingthe significance and starting points ofelectrotherapy, which lies in the borderlinebetween science and promises.It was easy to obtain information onelectrotherapy appliances through theInternet. It also turned out that thereare electrotherapy appliance museumsand literature on the topic for instancein the United States. Some similar applianceshave already been on displayin the basic exhibition of Elektra, andI knew that Tapio Lukkonen has moreof them in his collections,” Pekka Niemidescribes the early phases of the exhibition.One main theme in the exhibition arethe breakthroughs achieved throughthe joint efforts of electrical engineering,physics and medicine in conqueringdiseases.“X-ray technology, radiotherapy,resuscitation equipment and variousimaging methods are just someexamples of the significant tools appliedin modern medicine. It has beenestimated that approximately 1,000human lives are saved every day bymeans of electric cardiac defibrillatorsin the United States alone.”Pekka Niemi says that the exhibitionFINGRID 2/2005 16places science and beliefs both against each other and sideby side. “You don’t always know for sure what is true andwhat is magic.”He thinks that the most interesting items in the exhibitioninclude the four-tub bath equipment and various selftreatmentappliances. “And on top of everything else, wehave borrowed an X-ray tube from 1902 from the HelsinkiUniversity Museum. X-rays were invented in 1895, so thistube has considerable historical value.”Some of the electrotherapy appliances are now on displayat Electricity Museum Elektra for the first time.Four-tub baths were used widely in hospitals,spas and treatment institutionsfrom the 1920s onwards. This form oftreatment was developed by the GermanDoctor Schnee. The patient and thetreatment environment were separatedcompletely from the ground, so therewere no dangerous shortages to ground.This method is still used in an appliedform in physical treatment. Collectionsof the Helsinki University Museum.X-ray tube from 1902. The oldest preservedtube in Finland. Collections of the HelsinkiUniversity Museum.Electricity Museum Elektra is openfrom May to August Tue to Fri 12.00 – 18.00, Sat 11.00 – 17.00, closedon Sun and Mon. At other times by appointment. Tickets 3 €/2 €/0 €New in Elektra’sbasic exhibitionA new basic exhibition sectionunder the topic “Yhteisillä linjoilla”(Shared lines) has also beenopened at Electricity Museum Elektra.The exhibition describes the75-year history of the construction ofthe Finnish main grid. The basic exhibition employsnew audiovisual technology.Information on the exhibitions of Electricity Museum Elektra is also availableon the Internet at www.perinneyhdistyselektra.fi

Maintenance managementof main grid discussed in Fingrid’s customer eventsFingrid’s maintenance management policy and disturbance clearance procedures were themain topics in Fingrid’s customer events arranged in Eastern and Northern Finland in April.The events attracted some 120 participants representing both customers and partners.According to Jorma Heiskanenand Jouko Hirvonen, who workas Fingrid’s Regional Managers, theparticipants gave positive feedback ofthe events. The events were regardedas necessary, and similar meetings werealso hoped in the future.The events had goals such as findingand bringing forth shared benefitswhich uniform maintenance managementprinciples for the main grid andregional networks bring to networkoperators. “Disturbance situations ina regional network are reflected in themain grid, and naturally also vice versa.If maintenance management is subjectto shared procedures and qualitystandards, all parties can achieve goodresults at less effort,” Jorma Heiskanensays.The two Regional Managers say thatthe importance of co-operation is understoodwell, and this was also evidencedin the customer events. Thereare many situations in maintenancemanagement where the main grid operatorand regional network companiescould save time, trouble and also moneythrough joint efforts.“The goal is to utilise distributionoutages increasingly efficiently so thata single outage can be used for carryingout as much maintenance and repairwork in the main grid and in regionalnetworks as possible. Scheduling theclearing of rights-of-ways in co-operationcan reduce the related inconvenienceinflicted on landowners,” JormaHeiskanen says.Jouko Hirvonen adds a suggestionpresented by the customer event participantsto the list of benefits brought byco-operation: major maintenance workin the main grid should be scheduledso that the services of a proficient subcontractorworking on the line couldalso be used in the nearby projects ofanother network company.“This would give cost savings andalso win time in many cases, since it issometimes difficult to find service providerswho can carry out demandingspecial work,” Jouko Hirvonen states.The customer events in both Easternand Northern Finland brought up thewish that Fingrid would make its disturbancecommunications quicker andmore efficient. The Regional Managerswere able to make a promise of suddenimprovements in this respect, sincea development project on Fingrid’sExtranet data network intended forthe company’s customers and partners,concerning the intensification of disturbancecommunications in particular,is in progress.Maria Hallila17The customer events in Eastern Finland were arrangedin Varkaus (top photograph) and Kouvola (middle photograph),and the events in Northern Finland in Oulu(bottom photograph) and Rovaniemi.Photographs by Timo Heiskanen, Mika Kuivalainen and Hannu Matila

The porcelain dishes and items recovered from thewreck of the St Mikael were probably en route tothe nobility and Imperial court in St Petersburg.Ordinary people could not afford the “white gold”,i.e. genuine porcelain.Book “S:t Mikael 1747”tells the story of theshipwrecked three-masted galliotEntangled fishing net revealed a national treasureThe fascinating story of the wreck of the St Mikael, which isprotected by the Protection of Antiquities Act, and of itemsrecovered from the wreck has been compiled into a referenceand picture book of more than 300 pages. The book published byFingrid represents maritime history, cultural history and history ofeveryday life, taking the reader 250 years back in time.TEXT BY Leni Lustre-PerePHOTOGRAPHS BY Matti HuuhkaThe wreck of the three-mastedgalliot St Mikael, which sank in thesouthern archipelago of Nauvo in thelate autumn of 1747, was discovered byaccident in conjunction with net fishingmore than two centuries later. Divingand archival research identified theship as the St Mikael, which had sailedunder the Russian flag. Some 600 differentitems or parts of items as well asdozens of samples have been recoveredfrom the wreck to the collections of theNational Board of Antiquities.FINGRID 2/2005 18Figurine intendedas tabletop decoration.The book “S:t Mikael 1747” introducesthe reader to the world of the18th century. The methods and opportunitiesof modern science and researchtechnology overlap the era of the researchsubject and its phenomena.The wreck and its items constitute anational treasure which does not onlybelong to researchers’ chambers. Forthis reason, the text and photographsof the book aim to guide the readerinto the world that Finland and therest of the world were living in whenthe shipwreck took place.The vessel sailing from Amsterdamto St Petersburg had no black box thatcould tell us what happened in lateautumn in 1747. In fact, very littleis known of the last voyage of the St

Detail of a pocket watch.Scale model of the St Mikaelby J. Yrjänäinen, 1983.Mikael, and this fact is also brought upclearly in the book.The hypotheses concerning the progressof events are based on archival informationand general knowledge of the worldof those days and of its culture, trade policy,shipping, geopolitics, and proceduresin general. The events might have progressedas described in the book.All items recovered from the wreckmake up the treasure, not only theluxurious ones – such as the Meissenporcelain and golden snuff boxes andwatches, which were probably destinedfor the nobility in St Petersburg, maybeeven for the Imperial court. The photographsof the book highlight the valueof all items of the wreck. Even thoughpartly damaged by the past centuriesand sea water, details of everyday objectsused by the common people havealso deserved photographs in the book.A good example of the illustrative approachof the book is that a full doublepage contains a photograph of themoss used as filling material in thepacking of the porcelain.The book has been put together byan impressive host of experts. The editorand compiler of the book is AnnaNurmio-Lahdenmäki, B.A. and archaeologicalresearch diving instructor,who served as the responsible researcherin the field investigations ofthe St Mikael. The expert articles havebeen written by Christian Ahlström,19Photograph by Jere HietalaPh.D. and archival researcher, ElinaAnttila, Ph.D. and art historian, RaimoFagerström, M.Sc. and researcher, andJari Ojala, Ph.D. and historian.The layout of the book has been designedby Helena Hökkä, architect andgraphic artist. The photographic materialincludes Finnish and foreign archivalmaterial as well as material photographedspecifically for the book.The items have been photographed byMatti Huuhka, who is specialised initem and documentary photographyand art photography.The book “S:t Mikael 1747” is currentlyavailable at Akateeminen kirjakauppain Helsinki. The book will alsobe sold later in the shops of major museumsin Finland, for instance. The priceof the book is 60 euros (incl. VAT).Timo Toivonen,President of FingridOyj, summarisesthe goal of thebook as follows:“The book remindsall us Finns of theimportance of cherishingour nationallegacy”.

Cheerful and rhythmicalSAMBA is street theatreDisplay of colours and joy of danceat the Helsinki Samba Carnaval in 2005.Photograph by Marjaana Malkamäki

A samba carnival is a colourful play where music, danceand theatre meet each other. There are no limits to imagination,and the carnival audience is 100 per cent involved.Juha Karjalainen of Fingrid knows all this. He has beenplaying in a samba orchestra for seven years, and there isno end to the carnival in sight.TEXT BY Reija KuronenJuha Karjalainen, who works as anOperating Engineer at Fingrid’sPower System Control Centre, startedto play in a samba orchestra by chance.Juha has played the guitar, and when afriend of his asked him to try samba, helearnt that there was no turning back.Rhythmical dance and song broughtto America by African slaves has evolvedinto the modern carnival samba on theslopes of the hills of Rio de Janeiro, infavelas, villages of poor people. Genuinesamba is about a drum section of dozensof drummers, dancing to a wild rhythm,and enchanting singing.The carnival in Rio lasts for four days.Those who have participated in the carnivalsay that you can sense a tremendousemotion in the performers andaudience. All people – the performersand audience alike – are really involvedwith all their hearts. The samba carnivalis a cheerful event in all colours ofthe rainbow.In Brazil, samba can also serve asa springboard from poverty to fame.In accordance with its African origin,samba reflects racial integration, andthe rhythm reveals the African roots ofthe music. Brazilians say that samba isa messenger between different racesand social classes.Samba counterbalancingeveryday life21In the samba orchestra, Juha primarilyplays the caixa, a snare drum, whichis the basic instrument in bateria, thedrum section. If necessary, he also playsthe repinique, a command drum usedin samba, or a tambourine. Juha’s repertoireof instruments also includes theguitar and cavaquinho, a small fourstringguitar instrument, which heplays in his reggae band Banda ReggaePapagaio.“In a samba parade, music is playedlike military music: you move and playat the same time, and there’s also singingand dancing on top of that,” Juhadescribes the carnival parade. There areno quiet moments in a samba procession.“In Finland, the samba paradeperformance takes one hour, and it’sfull action all the time.”The biggest samba carnival in Finlandis arranged in early June when theHelsinki Samba Carnaval takes over thecentre of Helsinki. The procession consistsof almost 1,000 dancers and singers.The parade is part of the DancingHelsinki event.Juha thinks that the charm of sambalies in that it is so unlike everydaylife. “The spirit and attitude unite theparticipants, and the feeling is justgreat,” Juha describes the samba people.“Things may get heated up, butonce the situation is over, you forgetdire things right away.”Tales from all walks of lifeThe music in carnival samba is sambade enredo, samba with a tale. The music,lyrics, dresses and props supportthe same story. The topic can be anything:rain forests, heroic tales, football,or conquering the space. The importantthing is that the tale carries theprocession all the way to the end.Samba is danced samba no pé, “onfeet”. The basic step follows the rhythmmeticulously. The illusion of samba

INBRIEFExpansion of Vuolijoki substationsecuring electricity supplyin the Kainuu regionFingrid Oyj is expanding its Vuolijoki400 kilovolt substation situated closeto Otanmäki in Northern Finland. Thesubstation is located at a node of northto-southtransmission connections, andthe expansion will secure transmissioncapacity in the main grid and electricitysupply in the Kainuu region.The project costing approx. 4 millioneuros covers the construction of a new400 kilovolt outdoor switchyard, adding asecond 400/110 kilovolt transformer, expansionof the 110 kilovolt switchyard,and transmission line rearrangements inthe substation area. The expansion workwill be ready in the autumn of 2006.The main contractor in the expansion ofthe substation is Fortum Service Oy. Theconstruction work has been subcontractedto the Finnish Road Enterprise and thetransmission line work to Eltel NetworksOy. Fingrid has purchased the 400 kilovoltcircuit breakers separately from ABBOy. The 400 kilovolt power transformerwill be transported from Lieto to Vuolijokiby rail.Clearing work in the substation areahas been completed, and excavation workcommenced in June. The substation willbe commissioned in stages so that the entireexpansion is in operation by November2006.Message of traffic safetyKeep your eyes open while on a bikeTEXT BY Reija Kuronen PHOTOGRAPH BY Eija EskelinenSTOPSome 30,000 cyclists are injured inFinland annually, approx. 1,000 of themseriously. Still, cycling is a good way ofphysical exercise as long as you are watchfulin traffi c and can avoid risky situations.At the beginning of a new cycling season,Airi Krook received safetyFingrid arranged its personnel informationinstructions from Olli Lehto.events on the safety of cycling.Varpu Tavaststjerna and Olli Lehto from Liikenneturva, the Finnish expert organizationin traffi c safety, lectured to Fingrid’s personnel working at the Arkadiankatuoffi ce in Helsinki on traffi c regulations and safety instructions concerning cyclingand answered questions which the audience had.Cycling has become increasingly popular in Finland because of reasons such asnew cycling tracks and the way in which cycling promotes physical condition andhealth. More and more Fingrid employees also use a bicycle on their way to andfrom work. It is a great feeling to cycle beside dewy meadows, not having to careabout bus schedules or rely on packed trains!Special caution is required at the junctions of cycling tracks, because the mostserious injuries happen in junction areas. Especially during the early part of a newcycling season, motorists are not always accustomed to cyclists who approachthem diagonally from behind.Accidents typically also happen close to home and on familiar routes – you ridea bike “without thinking about it”. A collision with a car is the most dangerous typeof accident, but just falling off a bike can be perilous. So, how can you avoid cyclingaccidents?If you know traffi c regulations, have appropriate equipment and ride safely, youhave reduced your risk in traffi c. It is especially important to wear a cycling helmet,and a helmet is already required by law in Finland. Up to 80 per cent of serious injuriesare caused by a blow to the head, and a helmet can prevent most of these. Ahelmet is an inexpensive life insurance.Fingrid wishes all cyclists a safe ride!Be watchful in traffi c! Illustration: www.liikenneturva.fi23

IN THENETSlower,deeper,with insightAt first, It was just light. A dim bulb which the frugal Grannychanged to an even dimmer bulb in the evenings. A dim,echoing turbine hall which smelled of machine oil and thewater of the rapids which were beyond the large windows. An illuminatedwindow in a dark forest.Then It started to be everyday things. And life became easier, lifegot going.There was ice under the pile of sawdust at the edge of the forest.That ice was split into smaller pieces to keep milk cold in thecountryside. In towns, people put milk containers between windowshoping that milk would not go sour there. Then came thelarge American refrigerator, and you always had to peek inside tosee whether the light really went out. Still, I was already in uppersecondary school before I got ice-cream for dessert in the middle ofthe week; the freezer replaced the toilsome ice-cream machine.You had to use curlers in your hair every night, and the spikespierced your dreams through the scalp. When a curling iron andlater a hair dryer emerged on the dressing table, school grades tookan upward turn – and teenage culture had come about!Your hands turned red when you had to do laundry in the coldlake water. It was luxury to be able to do laundry in your own,small bathroom, even though the clothes were dripping with waterafter washing. And then one day, there was this machine wherethe clothes turned clean just by opening and closing the door andpressing buttons. Even the brothers could be expected some householdskills.Now It is something much more. It not only makes life easier, itis the essence of everything necessary. It is the illuminated highwayof freedom.We live in and off electricity. It whips, roasts, heats and cools,opens the car window, remote heats the sauna stove, navigates forus, saves human lives. It is easy to forget how different life was justa while ago. Troublesome, ordinarily laborious life.If you put a teenager somewhere where there is no electricity,he is lost. But if you give him a computer and cord, he will createhis own self which will venture into the virtual world. Electricityenables and multiplies sleep deprivation, gambling debt, dating,games, information and assumptions at an intensity which wecould not even dream of when we were young.But freedom is getting out of hand. If everything has to happenFINGRID 2/2005 24Hilkka Olkinuora is the new columnist of the Fingrid magazine. Shepresents herself as follows: “Minister and journalist from Tampere, wroteearlier of economy, nowadays also again a student. Also works at workplaces,and will discuss electric encounters in this magazine.”quicker, reach higher and be more intense, all that will be left in thisworld are superlatives which outdo each other. If everyone is special,unique, who will do the ordinary work and who will be satisfiedwith the ordinary life? If everyone breaks their limits, the entirecommunity is torn apart.It turned out that growth did not increase employment. Growthonly increases growth. For a while. The Internet did not increasedemocracy, and electricity did not liberate the slaves of work to thenoble idleness of a free man. The services just moved into our homeswith the gadgets; so much for the service society. Technology enablesremote presence and remote rooming-in – when an intelligentbed changes the Granny’s nappies, we do not have to meetour own stinking mortality.Electricity transferred us from toil to rush. Could electricity returnto square one? Could it be light again – the light of reason?What if technology, energy and human wisdom could togetherproduce life that takes place at a slower pace, more deeply, andwith more insight? What if they increased the quality of life insteadof its volume?In the good old days, children died of epidemics and the adultsdied of wars and toil; there is no reason to long for the bad thingsin the past. But it is an indication of something that for each consumerwho creates his ego by buying, there is already another consumerwho knows that the best way to save is not to buy.When a human being is healthy, he has a thousand wishes andplans. When he falls ill or is faced with some other disaster, there isonly wish left: “I wish things were as they were a while ago.”Why could we not enjoy this ordinary life and thank for it now,while we are living it? The effect of electric experiences fades away;you will always need more volts so that you could feel something.Instead, a brilliant experience influences the entire human being,and just one experience may be enough for the rest of the life.To live our lives unhurriedly, to exist in our own lives, not justvisit it or chat with others entangled in the same destiny. To bepresent in everyday life more deeply, without looking for greenerpastures beyond the fences, without waiting for Something to happen.To encounter other people with more insight, not just by networking,utilising, doing services in return, relations surfing, or bykeeping others as our mirror.That would bring power to life.Hilkka Olkinuora

INBRIEFTervola and Keminmaa in May.The Internet pages of the project areavailable on the Internet (in Finnish) atwww.fingrid.fi (Ympäristö ja voimajohdot=>YVA-menettelyt).Fingrid TEEMA is interactionEIA procedure for the Keminmaa - Petäjäskoski transmission line launchedThe new 400 kilovolt line will secure electricity transmission in Southern LaplandFingrid has launched an environmentalimpact assessment (EIA) procedurefor the new 400 kilovolt transmissionline route from the Keminmaa substationto the substation situated inconjunction with the Petäjäskoski hydropowerstation.The length of the planned transmissionline is approx. 60 kilometres, and its routealternatives are situated in the areas ofRovaniemi, Tervola and Keminmaa.Electricity consumption prognoses suggestthat electricity consumption willcontinue to grow in Southern Lapland.Transformer capacity in the area has alreadybeen boosted through the expansionof the Keminmaa transformer substation.The planned line between Keminmaa andPetäjäskoski will strengthen power systemsecurity in the area and enable the forecastedincrease in electricity consumption.The 400 kilovolt line Keminmaa –Petäjäskoski will increase electricity transmissioncapacity between Finland andSweden by approx. 200 megawatts. Thiscapacity increase will promote the functioningof the electricity market as it decreasestransmission congestion betweenFinland and the other Nordic countries.The transmission line has two main routealternatives. Alternative A is situated westof the river Kemijoki parallel to the existingtransmission lines of Kuikero – Varevaaraand Kinnula – Petäjäskoski. Approximatelyhalf of the line route will be located in anew right-of-way. Alternative B is situatedeast of the river Kemijoki, travelling partlyon the same route as the former Taivalkoski– Jumisko 110 kilovolt line.The EIA process was launched by thepreparation of an assessment programme.Its contents and the route alternatives ofthe planned transmission line were presentedin Fingrid’s public events in Rovaniemi,Fingrid’s TEEMA event attracted numerousrepresentatives of the company’scustomers to a traditional reviewof topical matters in the spring. Theevents aim at active interaction betweenFingrid and its customers andother market players.Timo Toivonen, President of Fingrid,started by telling about Fingrid’sprojects in 2005 and also about morelong-term plans, such as the recentlydecided Fenno Skan 2 sea cable project.Other issues covered in the event includedthe current situation with internationalco-operation between TSOs,main development issues in the electricitymarket within the European Union,developments in the Nordic market,and topical capacity and transmissionservice matters relating to the interconnectionsfrom Russia.25

FINGRID 2/2005 26PHOTOGRAPH BY Susanna Kekkonen (Image manipulation by Tuija Sorsa)

All in a day´s WORKIn this column, Fingrid’s employees write about their one day at work.This time, the article has been written by JANI PELVO,who works at the Power System Control Centre.MY NIGHT AT WORKIt is traversed by a road, and its one edge is bordered by thewall of an old Medieval town. Where should I put this piece?“Hey, it’s already ten past nine.” That utterance brings meback to the present moment. It is time to finish the game ofCarcassonne and say goodbye to our friends for now. Soon,our car is on its way towards the centre of Helsinki. My wifetunes the radio to NRJ. No Radio City, again…At home, I have enough time to grab the packed lunchfrom the fridge for the night shift. There is no parking placefor our car beside our home street, so – unlike usually – Ihave to drive to work. Normally, I would walk the short distance.It is Friday the 13th, and the time is 21.42. I stop the carin front of the closed gate and reach out my ID card towardsthe reader through the open side window. I manage to snapthe cord of the ID card. So, this is how Friday the 13th kicksoff... I punch in the PIN number. The aluminium gate startsto open, rattling in the usual way. I steer my car to the parkingarea. At this time of the week and day, you can choosewhere to park. The entire building is quiet, it being weekend.The sun gilds the dark windows of the main building.A beautiful spring evening is turning into night. Seagulls aresinging somewhere in the distance. However, there is a roomin the yard building, which is not empty even on a weekend.I head for that room.As I open the door of the control room, I am greeted bythe familiar steady hum of dozens of computers. An outsidermight wonder at the dim lighting in the control room, butthis type of working environment also requires the optimisationof lighting to suit the human eye. The power balanceguys are just changing their shifts. Marko Saarela, a fanaticsupporter of ice-hockey team Oulun Kärpät and singerAntti Tuisku, is coming to replace Jesper Grönlund. On thegrid monitoring side, I am relieving Thomas Westerlund sothat he can start his weekend. There is no point in asking“What’s buzzing?” A glance at the large display shows thatthe grid is buzzing at a steady rate of 50 Hz. The changing27of the shifts goes quickly, and soon the control room has thenormal manning of two operators.Groove FM provides the music for the night of the controlroom, so our shift is accompanied by jazz. There are someglitches in communications throughout the night, causingdozens of alarms in the operation control system. There isalso one line disturbance, which interrupts me frying a pikeperchfillet. The Leväsuo – Pyhäkoski 110 kV line trips atboth ends. Autoreclosing closes the circuit breaker at Pyhäkoski,but it appears that there is no reclosing at Leväsuo.I close the circuit breaker manually. Relay experts can studythe autoreclosing problem at Leväsuo on Monday.Luckily, the line fault did not cut off power in a singleconsumption point. The pikeperch fillet appears to have becomea bit too well-done during the clearing of the problem,but it still tastes good. Verifying electricity transactionsconcluded during the previous day, optimisation of the directcurrent connection, and voltage control are among theroutines of the night shift.My eyes seem to want to close. Tiredness creeps in slyly.I come to. It is obviously time for the 3.28 coffee. Coffeemakes me refreshed again, for a while. The first night shift isalways the most difficult. The rest roll by like any other shift.I take a quick look at the control camera monitor as peoplereturning from restaurants walk by Fingrid’s office buildingat Arkadiankatu. There is even someone who comes to greetus all the way to the gate. We cannot really make out his order,no there is no service for him.The sun is starting to rise and it is getting lighter. Thenight has passed as planned, and Friday the 13th did notseem to have anything negative in store for us. There is stillthe changing of the shift, and then I can head for home andmy own bed. I slap a high five with my replacement, and thecontrol room door closes behind me. It is always easy to enda shift, because you know that it is a skilled colleague whotakes over. Even the sun seems to smile at us at the parkingplace.

Farmari agriculturalexhibitionin Tampere from28 to 31 July2005Keeping the lights on in FinlandFingrid Oyj is responsible for the main electricity transmission grid in Finland. We make sure that Finlandobtains electricity without disturbance. Reliability, efficiency, consideration of environmental issuesand good co-operation with our customers, landowners and authorities are our key objectives when wetake care of our demanding duties.Welcome to our stand at the Farmari 2005 agricultural exhibition to learn howtransmission line areas can be utilised. There is also useful information on issues relatingto neighbourhood with transmission lines.FINGRID OYJ, Arkadiankatu 23 B, P.O.Box 530, FI-00101 Helsinki • Tel +358 30 395 5000 • Fax +358 30 395 5196 • www.fingrid.fiHelsinkiP.O.Box 530FI-00101 HelsinkiFinlandTel. +358 30 395 5000Fax +358 30 395 5196HämeenlinnaValvomotie 11FI-13110 HämeenlinnaFinlandTel. +358 30 395 5000Fax +358 30 395 5336OuluLentokatu 2FI-90460 OulunsaloFinlandTel. +358 30 395 5000Fax + 358 30 395 5711PetäjävesiSähkötie 24FI-41900 PetäjävesiFinlandTel. +358 30 395 5000Fax +358 30 395 5524Rovaniemi VarkausVeitikantie 4,P.O.Box 8013 Wredenkatu 2FI-96101 Rovaniemi FI-78250 VarkausFinlandFinlandTel. +358 16 337 71 Tel. +358 30 395 5000Fax +358 16 337 801 Fax +358 30 395 5611