Cluster Computing Motivation - SERC

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Parallel ComputersHardware– Processor – Alpha 450 MhzAlpha21164ControlLocal Mem– Custom comm H/WAccess remote mem w/o remoteprocessor involvmentRouter3D torous (600 MB/S)Sofware– Custom S/W (get(), put()Cray 3TELatency : 1usB/W : 350 MB/sBirth of <strong>Cluster</strong>s (Beowulf)Workstation– Uniprocessor – Intel 486, 66 Mhz– 16 MB RAM– 10 Mb/x Ethernet– Standard OS (Linux)CPU<strong>Cluster</strong>s of 16 workstations , 2 Ethernet adapter– Assembled from commodity off-shelf componets– Better cost performance trade-offBeowulf computer (1994)– 1 Mbytes/s / 1.25 Mbyes/s– Good Applcation scaleupMEMMBUSI/OIO BUSNIC2
¡Communication¡Communication¡Better¡Fast¡Faster¡Communication¡Top500Performance issuescharacteristics– Parallel Apps : Fine grain comm (small messages)– NFS : 200 byte messagesperformance– Latency ( small message)– Bandwidth (large messages)Current TrendsUniprocessor performanceMemoryI/O BusH/Wsupercomputers (based in LINPACK)– 200+ are clusters3
Page 1: ¡Parallel¡Parallel¡CostCluster C
Page 5 and 6: ¡Sending¡Receiving¡WaitU-Net (Id
Page 7 and 8: U-Net (Implementaion)NIC with proce
Page 9 and 10: Cluster based web server (LARD)Clus
Page 11: ReferenceS.L.Scott. Syncronization

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