Program Logic Manual - All about the IBM 1130 Computing System

File Number 1130-36Form Y-26-3714-2Program LogicIBM 1130 Disk Monitor Programming System, Version 2Program Logic ManualProgram Numbers1130-0 S-0051130-OS-006This publication describes the internal logic of the IBM 1130 DiskMonitor Programming System, Version 2. The contents are intendedfor use by persons involved in program maintenance, and for systemprogrammers who are altering the program design. Program logicinformation is not necessary for the use and operation of the program;therefore, distribution of this manual is limited to those who areperforming the aforementioned functions.Restricted Distribution

PREFACEThis publication is composed of four parts. Part 1is a description of each of the components of themonitor system. Sections of Part 1 are devoted to:System Communication areasSystem LoaderCold Start ProgramsResident MonitorSupervisorCore Image LoaderCore Load BuilderDisk Utility Program (DUP)Assembler ProgramFORTRAN CompilerSystem LibraryStand-alone UtilitiesEach description includes a discussion of the logicalstructure and functional operation of the component,table formats, and core storage layouts.Part 2 is a description of the techniques and proceduresfor use by personnel involved in systemmaintenance and/or modification during error diagnosisand program analysis.Part 3 is the flowcharts for the monitor systemcomponents described in Part 1.Part 4 is the appendices provided to supportParts 1 through 3.CONVENTIONS OBSERVEDThe following conventions have been observed in thispublication:• Numbers written in the form /XXXX are hexadecimalnumbers; numbers written without apreceding slash (/) are decimal numbers.• The diagrams showing the layouts of core storageare intended to illustrate the contents of corestorage and their relative locations; no exactrepresentation of size or proportion is intended.• The use of absolute addresses has been avoidedin this manual; symbolic addresses have beenused instead. The absolute equivalents to theseaddresses may be found in the listing in AppendixB.PREREQUISITE PUBLICATIONSEffective use of this publication requires that thereader be familiar with the following publications:IBM 1130 Functional Characteristics (Form A26-5881)IBM 1130 Input/Output Units (Form A26-5890)IBM 1130 Assembler Language (Form C26-5927)IBM 1130 Subroutine Library (Form C26-5929)IBM' 1130 Disk Monitor System, Version 2, Programmingand Operator's Guide (Form C26-3717)Third Edition (Feb 1969)This is a major revision of the previous edition of this manual (Y26-3714-1),which is now obsolete. The manual has been updated to agree with Modification5 of the 1130 Disk Monitor System, Version 2. The new materialincludes information on changes and additions to the Monitor System, whichgive the programmer the ability to access the Graphic Subroutine Packageto support the 1130/2250 system in a stand-alone environment. It alsoincludes information on RPG and Disk Data File Conversion Program (DFCNV)Text changes are indicated by a vertical line to the left of the affected text.Figure changes are indicated by a bullet to the left of the figure caption.Specifications contained herein are subject to change from time to time.Any such change will be reported in subsequent revisions or TechnicalNewsletters.Requests for copies of IBM publications should be made to your IBM representativeor the IBM branch office serving your locality.A form is provided at the back of this publication for reader's comments.If the form has been removed, comments may be addressed to IBM NordicLaboratory, Technical Communications, Box 962, Lidings 9, Sweden.ID International Business Machines Corporation, 1967, 1968

CONTENTSSECTION 1. INTRODUCTION 1 SECTION 7. CORE IMAGE LOADER 27Flowcharts 27SECTION 2. COMMUNICATIONS AREAS 3 Phase 1 27In-core Communications Area (COMMON) 3 Phase 2 27Disk-resident Communications Area (DCOM) 3 Core Layout 28Drive- and Cartridge-dependent Parameters 3 Debugging/Analysis Aids 30SECTION 3. SYSTEM LOADER 9 SECTION 8. CORE LOAD BUILDER 33Flowcharts 9 Flowcharts 33Phase 1 9 General Comments 33Functions 9 Overlay Scheme and Core Layout 33Buffers and I/O Areas 9 Disk Buffers 34Communication From Phase 1 to Phase 2 9 Core Image Buffer (CIB) 34Phase 2 Load Table 35Functions, Initial Load and Reload 10 EQUAT Table 35Functions, Initial Load Only 10 LOCAL, NOCAL, FILES, and G2250 Information 35Functions, Reload Only 10 ISS Table 35Buffers and I/O Areas 10 Interrupt Branch Table (IBT) 35Subphases 11 Incorporating Programs Into the Core Load 36Subphase 1 11 Pass 1 36Subphase 2 12 Pass 2 36Subphase 3 13 LOCALS and SOCALs 37Core Layout 13 Interrupt Level Subroutines (ILSs) 37Cartridge Identification Sector 13 Transfer Vector (TV) 37System Location Equivalence Table (SLET) 14 Linkage to LOCALS 37Reload Table 14 Linkage to the System Overlays (SOCALs) 38DEFINE FILE Table 39SECTION 4. COLD START PROGRAMS 1 5 Phase Descriptions 40Flowcharts 15 Phase 0 40Cold Start Loader 15 Phase 1 40Cold Start Program 15 Phase 2 40Core Layout 15 Phase 3 41Phase 4 41SECTION 5. RESIDENT MONITOR 17 Phase 5 41Flowcharts 17 Phase 6 42COMMA 17 Phase 7 42Skeleton Supervisor 17 Phase 8 42CALL LINK, CALL DUMP, CALL EXIT Processor 17 Phase 9 42E Error Traps 17 Phase 10 42ILSs 17 Phase 11 42Disk I/O Subroutine 17 Phase 12 42Phase 13 42SECTION 6. SUPERVISOR 19 Debugging/Analysis Aids 42Flowcharts 19Monitor Control Record Analyzer - Phase 1 19 SECTION 9. DISK UTILITY PROGRAM (DUP) 43JOB Control Record Processing - Phase 2 20 Flowcharts 43System Update Program 20 DUP Operatior 43Delete TEMPLET - Phase 3 21 Core Storage Layout 43XEQ Control Record Processor - Phase 4 21 DUP Control Records 44Supervisor Control Record Processing - Phase 521 Location Equivalence Table (LET)/Fixed LocationLOCAL/NOCAL Control Record Processing 21 Equivalence Table (FLET) 44FILES Control Record Processing 21 I DCOM Values 45G2250 Control Record Processing 21 IOAR Headders 45EQUAT Control Record Processing 22 DUP Concatenated Communications Area (CATCO) 45Supervisor Control Record Area (SCRA) 22 DUP Phase Descriptions 49System Core Dump Program - Phase 6 23 DUP COMMON (DUPCO) 49Auxiliary Supervisor - Phase 7 23 DUP CONTROL (DCTL) 51G2250 Control Record Processor 24 STORE 52Core Layout 24 FILEQ 54iii

E■DU MP 55 Phase 4 83DUMPLET/DUMPFLET 56 Phase 5 84DELETE 57 Phase 6 84DEFINE 57 Phase 7 85DEXIT 58 Phase 8 852501/1442 Card Interface (CFACE) 59 Phase 9 86Keyboard Interface (KFACE) 60 Phase 10 861134/1055 Paper Tape Interface (PEACE) 60 Phase 11 87PRECI 62 Phase 12 88DUP Diagnostic Aids 63 Phase 13 89General 63 Phase 14 89PRECI 63 Phase 15 90STORE 63 Phase 16 91Phase 17 92SECTION 10. ASSEMBLER PROGRAM 65 Phase 18 93Flowcharts 65 Phase 19 94Introduction 65 Phase 20 94Program Operation 65 Phase 21 95Assembler Communications Area 66 Phase 22 95Overlay Area 66 Phase 23 95Symbol Table 66 Phase 24 96Intermediate I/O 67 Phase 25 96Double-Buffering 67 Phase 26 96Phase Descriptions 67 Phase 27 96Phase 0 67Phase 1 67 SECTION 12. SYSTEM LIBRARY 99Phase 1A 67 Flowcharts 99Phase 2 68 Contents List 99Phase 2A 1 68 Interrupt Level Subroutines 105Phase 3 68 ILS 02 105Phase 4 68 ILSO4 105Phase 5 68 Mainline Programs 105Phase 6 69 Disk Initialization Program (DISC) 105Phase 7 69 Print Cartridge ID (IDENT) 106Phase 7A 69 Change Cartridge ID (ID) 106Phase 8 69 Disk Copy (COPY) 106Phase 8A 69 Delete CIB (DLCIB) 107Phase 9 69 Dump SLET Table (DSLET) 107Phase 10 70 DISK Data file Conversion Program (DFCNV) 107. 1Phase 11 71 Flowcharts 107.1Phase 12 71 General Program Description 107.1Phase 13 71 Part 1 Entry point 107. 1ERMSG 71 Part 1 Internal Subroutines 107.1ARCV 71.1 Part 2 Entry point 107.1APCV 71.1 Part 2 Internal Subroutines 107.1Core Layout 71.1 Part 3 Entry point 107.1Part 3 Internal Subroutines 107.2SECTION 11. FORTRAN COMPILER 73 Part 4 Field Conversion Subroutines 107.2Flowcharts 73 Part 4 Internal Subroutines 107. 3General Compiler Description 73 Part 4 External Subroutines 107. 3Phase Objectives 73 Synchroneous Communications Adapter (SCAT 1) 108Core Layout 75 Synchroneous Communications Adapter (SCAT 1) 108. 5FORTRAN Communications Area 76 Synchroneous Communications Adapter (SCAT 1) 108.12Phase Area 77String Area 77 SECTION 1 3. SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINES 109Symbol Table 78Statement String 80 SECTION 14. STAND-ALONE UTILITIES 111Compilation 81 Disk Cartridge Initalization Program (DCIP) 111Compiler I/O 81 Disk Initialization 111Fetching Compiler Phase 81 Disk Dump 111Phase Description 82 Disk Copy 112Phase 1 82 UCART 112Phase 2 82Phase 3 83 PROGRAM ANALYSES PROCEDURES 113iv

IntroductionProgram Analysis Procedures SummaryIdentification of the Failing Component or FunctionSubroutine Error Number/Error Stop ListsCore Dump ProcedureCore Location ProcedureCore Location ProceduresFACArithmetic and Function Subprogram Error IndicatorsLIBF TVLIBF TV SOCAL LinkageCALL TVDisk I/O SubroutineDFT (DEFINE FILE Table)ArrysConstants and IntegersCOMMONIn-core SubroutinesLOCAL/SOCAL Flipper (FLIPR)LOCAL AreaSOCAL AreaGeneralized Subroutine Maintenance/Analysis ProcedureTrace Back ProceduresSubroutine Looping CapabilitiesSystem Device SubroutinesLibrary SubroutinesSubroutine Data ChartsSystem Device Subroutine for Keyboard/ConsolePrinterSystem Device Subroutine for 1442/1442System Device Subroutine for 2501/1442System Device Subroutine for Console PrinterSystem Device Subroutine for 11 32System Device Subroutine for 1403System Device Subroutine for 1134/1055System Device Subroutine for Disk - DISKZCARDZPNCHZREADZTYPEZWRTYZPRNZPRNTZPAPTZCARDOCARD1READO 156113 READ1 157113 PNCHO 1.58113 PNCH1 160115 TYPEO 162115 PRNT1 164115 PRNT3 166115 PAPT1 168115 PAPTN 170118 PLOT1 172118 OMPR1 174119 WRTYO 176119 DISK1 177119 DISKN 180119119119119 FLOWCHARTS 185119 System Overview 185120 System Loader 1.86120 Cold Start Programs 192120 Supervisor 1.93120 Core Image Loader 203120 Core Load Builder 205120 Disk Utility Program 207120 Assembler Program 220120 FORTRAN Compiler 240125 System Library 274125 APPENDIX A. EXAMPLES OF FORTRAN OBJECT CODING. 307126128 APPENDIX B. LISTINGS 323130 DCOM 323132 Resident Image 324134 Resident Monitor 324136 DISKZ 329138 Equivalences 334140 Cold Start Program 336142 Cross-Reference 337144145 APPENDIX C. ABBREVIATIONS 339146147 APPENDIX D. MICROFICHE 345148150 APPENDIX E. DISK DATA FORMAT 349152154 INDEX 350

ILLUSTRATIONSFigures1. Core Layout During System Loader Operation2. Core Layout During Cold Start3. Core Layout During Supervisor Operation4. Core Layout on Supervisor Entry at $EXIT (DISKZin Core).5. Core Layout on Supervisor Entry at $EXIT (DISKZNot in Core)6. Core Layout on Supervisor Entry at $DUMP7. Core Layout on Supervisor Entry at $LINK (Link inDisk System Format)8. Core Layout on Supervisor Entry at $LINK (Link inCore Image Format)13 9. Core Layout During Core Load Builder Operation • . 3416 10. Layout of the Transfer Vector 3825 11. SOCAL Linkage in the LIBF Transfer Vector 3912. CALL Transfer Vector for SOCALs 3928 13. Core Layout during Disk Utility Program Operation. 4314. Core Layout During Assembler Program29 Operation 7229 15. Core Layout During FORTRAN CompilerOperation 7630 16. FORTRAN Scan Example 9317. Core Layout During User Core Load31 Execution 119Tables1. The Contents of COMMA2. The Contents of DCOM3. The Contents of the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea4. The Contents of the FORTRAN Symbol TableID Word4 5. FORTRAN Statement ID Word Type Codes 806 6. Conversion of FORTRAN FORMATSpecifications 8777 7. FORTRAN Forcing Table 918. Error Number List. . . . 11679 9. Error Stop List 118Flowdiagrams1. General Procedure for Program Analysis2. Procedure for Identification of the FailingComponent or Function3. Core Dump Procedure113 4. Generalized Subroutine Maintenance/AnalysisProcedure114 5. Trace Back Procedures115121122FlowchartsDMS01. Disk Monitor System, System Overview 185SYL1. System Loader, General Flow 186SYL2. System Loader, Phase 1 187SYL3. System Loader, Phase 2 188SYL4. System Loader, Phase 2 189SYL5. System Loader, Phase 2 190CST1.CST2.SUP1.SUP2.SUP3.SUPO4.Cold Start LoaderCold Start ProgramSupervisor, Skeleton SupervisorSupervisor, Monitor Control Record AnalyzerSupervisor, Job ProcessorSupervisor, Delete (Temporary Items) Let191192193194195196vii

SUP05„ Supervisor, XEQ Processing 197SUP060 Supervisor, Control Record Analyzer • 198SUP7„ Supervisor, Control Record Processor 199SUP8„SUP9„Supervisor, Control Record Processor • • 200Supervisor, Control Record Processor 201SUP10• Supervisor, Auxiliary Supervisor 202CIL1. Core Image Loader, Phase 1 203CIL2. Core Image Loader, Phase 2 204CLB01- Core Load Builder, Initialization 205CLB02. Core Load Builder, Master Control 206DUP1. Disk Utility Program, CCAT 207DUP2. Disk Utility Program, DCTL 208DUP3. Disk Utility Program, STORE 209DUPO4. Disk Utility Program, FILEQ 210DUP5. Disk Utility Program, FILEQ 211DUP6. Disk Utility Program, FILEQ 212DUP7. Disk Utility Program, DDUMP 213DUP8. Disk Utility Program, DDUMP 214DUP09• Disk Utility Program, DUMPLET/DUMPFLET 215DUP10. Disk Utility Program, DELETE 216DUP11. Disk Utility Program, DEFINE 217DUP12. Disk Utility Program, DEXIT 218DUP13. Disk Utility Program, PRECI 219ASM01. Assembler Program, General Flow 220ASMO2. Assembler Program, Phase 0 221ASM3. Assembler Program, Phase 1 222ASM4. Assembler Program, Phase lA 223ASM5. Assembler Program, Phase 2 224ASM6. Assembler Program, Phase 2A 225ASM7. Assembler Program, Phase 3 226ASMO8. Assembler Program, Phase 4 227ASM9. Assembler Program, Phase 5 228ASM10. Assembler Program, Phase 6 229ASM11. Assembler Program, Phase 7 230ASM12 • Assembler Program, Phase 7A 231ASM13. Assembler Program, Phase 8 232ASM14. Assembler Program, Phase 8A 233ASM15. Assembler Program, Phase 9 234ASM16. Assembler Program, Phase 9 235ASM17. Assembler Program, Phase 9 236ASM18. Assembler Program, Phase 10 237ASM19. Assembler Program, Phase 10A 238ASM20. Assembler Program, Phase 11 239A5M21. Assembler Program, Phase 12 240ASM22 . Assembler Program, Error Message Phase 241ASM23. Assembler Program, Read Conversion Phase 242ASM29 • Assembler Program, Punch Conversion Phase 243ASM2S. Assembler Program, Phase 1 3 243.1ASM26. Assembler Program, Phase 13 243.2FOR1. FORTRAN Compiler, General Flow 244FOR2. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 1 245FOR3. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 2 246FOR4. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 3 247FORDS. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 4 248FOR6. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 4 249FOR7. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 5 250FOR8. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 5 251FOR9. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 6 252FOR10. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 7 253FOR11. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 8 254FOR12. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 9 255FOR13. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 10 256FOR14. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 11 257FOR15. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 12 258IFOR16. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 13 259FOR17. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 14 260FOR18. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 15 261FOR19. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 16 262FOR20. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 17 262FOR21. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 18 269FOR22. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 19 265FOR23. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 20 266FOR24. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 21 267FOR25. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 22 268FOR26. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 23 269FOR27. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 24 270FOR28. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 25 271FOR29. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 26 272FOR30 FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 27 273UTL01 System Library, ID 274UTL02. System Library, FSLEN/FSYSU 275un03. System Library, ADRWS 276UTL4. System Library, DISC • 277UTL5. System Library, RDREC . 278UTL6. System Library, IDENT .. 279UTL7. System Library, CALPR . 280UTL8. System Library, COPY • • 281UTL9. System Library, DLCIB . • 282UTL10. System Library, DSLET 283UTL11. System Library, MODIF 284UTL12. System Library, MODIF 285UTL13. System Library, MODIF 286DCN10. System Library, DFCNV CHART A 286. 1DCN11. System Library, DFCNV CHART B 286. 2DCN12. System Library, DFCNV CHART C 286. 3DCN1 3. System Library, DFCNV CHART D 286. 4DCN14. System Library, DFCNV CHART E 286. 5DCN1 5. System Library, DFCNV CHART F 286. 6DCN16• System Library, DFCNV CHART G 286. 7SCA1. System Library, SCAT2 Call Processing 287SCA2. System Library, SCAT2 Interrupt Processing 288SCA3. System Library, SCAT2 Interrupt Processing 289SCA4. System Library, SCAT3 Call Processing 290SCA5. System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt Processing 291SCA6. System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt Processing 292SCA7. System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt ProcessingSCA8. System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt Processing. . •293.1SCA09 • System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt Processing. , 293.2FIO01. System Library, FORTRAN Non-disk I/O 294FI2. System Library, FORTRAN Non-disk I/O 295FI3. System Library, FORTRAN Non-disk I/O 296F1004. System Library, CARDZ 297FI5. System Library, CARDZ 298FI6. System Library, PRNTZ 299FI7. System Library, PAPTZ 300FI8. System Library, READZ 301FI9. System Library, WRTYZ 302H010. System Library, PRNZ 303F1011. System Library, PNCHZ 304FIO12. System Library, TYPEZ 305F1013. System Library, HOLEZ 306viii

SECTION 1. INTRODUCTIONThe 1130 Disk Monitor System, Version 2, consistsof the following components:Communication AreasThis component consists of the in-core communicationarea (COMMA) and the disk-resident communicationarea (DCOM).Generally speaking, COMMA contains only thoseparameters required by the monitor system to fetcha program stored on disk in disk core image format(DCI).DCOM contains all the parameters required bythe monitor system that are not found in COMMA.System LoaderThis component provides the means for loading all,or reloading a part of, the monitor system onto disk.In other words, the System Loader generates themonitor system on disk.Cold Start ProgramsThis component consists of the Cold Start Loader andthe Cold Start Program.The Cold Start Loader is the bootstrap loader usedin the IPL procedure to initiate the operation of theCold Start Program.The Cold Start Program reads the monitor system,i. e. , the Resident Monitor, into core storage andtransfers control to it.CALL LINK, and CALL EXIT statements, andvarious I/O traps.One of the three disk I/0 subroutines is presentin the Resident Monitor at all times. The disk I/Osubroutine in the Resident Monitor is the only suchsubroutine in core storage at any one time. Any ofthe three disk I/O subroutines can be used by theuser. The DISKZ subroutine is used by themonitor system programs; DISKZ is initially loadedwhen a cold start is performed.SupervisorThis component consists of the Monitor ControlRecord Analyzer (MCRA), the Supervisor ControlRecord Analyzer, the Auxiliary Supervisor, andthe System Core Dump program.The MCRA is the program that reads and analyzesthe monitor control records, initiating the actionsindicated on those control records.The Supervisor Control Record Analyzer is theprogram that reads and analyzes the Supervisorcontrol records, passing the information on thesecontrol records to the Core Load Builder.The Auxiliary Supervisor is the program calledto perform specialized supervisory functions for themonitor system.The System Core Dump program is the programused to print all or selected portions of the contentsof core storage on the principal print device. Thedump can be dynamic (execution of the calling coreload is resumed after the completion of the dump) orterminal (a CALL EXIT is executed after the completionof the dump).Resident MonitorThis component consists of three intermixed parts:(1) COMMA, (2) the Skeleton Supervisor, and (3)one of the three disk I/0 subroutines -- DISKZ,DISK1, or DISKN.COMMA is defined above, under CommunicationAreas.The Skeleton Supervisor consists of the coreresidentcoding necessary to process CALL DUMP,Core Image LoaderThis component consists of two parts, the first beingan intermediate supervisor for the monitor system,the second being a loader for user and system programsin core image format.Phase 1 of the Core Image Loader is fetched intocore storage as the result of an entry to theSkeleton Supervisor. Phase 1 is the program thatdetermines the type of entry made and the program(s)Section 1. Introduction 1

to be fetched as a result.Phase 2 of the Core Image Loader is the programthat fetches into core storage and, if indicated,transfers control to the program(s) indicated byphase 1.Core Load BuilderThis component is the program that converts a mainlineprogram from disk system format (DSF) to a coreload, a program in disk core image format (DCI);that is, the Core Load Builder relocates the mainlineprogram and all the subroutines required and constructsthe other necessary parts of the core load,e. g. , the transfer vector, LOCALs, and SOCALs.Disk Utility Program (DUP.)This component provides the means for performingthe following functions, largely through the use ofcontrol records only:• Make available the contents of disk storage inpunched or printed format -- DUMP,DUMPDATA.• Print a map of the contents of the variable portionsof disk storage -- DUMPLET,DUMPFLET.• Store information on the disk in disk systemformat (DSF), disk data format (DDF), or diskcore image format (DCI) -- STORE,STOREDATA, STOREDATACI, STORECI,STOREMOD.• Remove information from the User/Fixed Area ---DELETE.• Alter the allocation of the Fixed Area on the diskor delete the Assembler Program and/or theFORTRAN Compiler from the monitor system --DEFINE.• Initialize the Working Storage area on disk --DWADR.• Provide file protection for the contents of diskstorage.Assembler ProgramThis component is the program that translates thestatements of a source program written in the IBM1130 Assembler Language into a program in disksystem format (DSF).FORTRAN CompilerThis component is the program that translates thestatements of a source program written in the IBM1130 Basic FORTRAN IV Language into a program indisk system format (DSF).RPG CompilerThis component is the program that translatesspecifications written in RPG language into a programin disk system format (DSF). 1130 RPGlogic is described in the publication, IBM 1130 RPGProgram Logic Manual, Form Y21-0010.System LibraryThis component consists of (1) a complete libraryof input/output (except disk I/O), data conversion,arithmetic, and function subroutines, (2) selectivedump subroutines, and (3) special programs for diskmaintenance.System Device SubroutinesThis component consists of a library of specialsubroutines, one for each device (except the disk)used by the monitor system programs. These subroutinesand DISKZ are the only device subroutinesused by the monitor system programs.UtilitiesThis component consists of the following stand-alone,self-loading utility programs:• The Disk Cartridge Initialization Program i DCIP)• The Core-Dump-to-Printer ProgramIn general the organization of and flow of controlthrough the 1130 Disk Monitor System, Version 2,is shown in Flowchart DMS01.2

SECTION 2. COMMUNICATIONS AREASTHE IN-CORE COMMUNICATIONS AREA (COMMA)COMMA includes, for the most part, only thosesystem parameters that are required to link from onecore load to another that is stored on disk in diskcore image format (DCI). The exceptions are thoseparameters that would create awkward communicationbetween monitor system programs if theyresided in DCOM.COMMA is not a single block of locations in theResident Monitor; the system parameters that constituteCOMMA are intermixed with the various partsof the Skeleton Supervisor.Table 1 is a description of COMMA by parameter.The entries are arranged in alphabetic sequence foreasy reference. See the listing of the ResidentMonitor in Appendix B. Listings for the absoluteaddresses associated with the parameters in thistable.THE DISK-RESIDENT COMMUNICATIONS AREA(DCOM)DCOM contains those parameters that must be passedfrom one monitor system program to another but arenot found in COMMA.Table 2 is a description of DCOM by parameter.The entries are arranged in alphabetic sequence foreasy reference. See the listing of DCOM in AppendixB. Listings for the relative addresses associatedwith the parameters in this table.DRIVE- AND CARTRIDGE-DEPENDENTPARAMETERSWhenever a parameter that is associated with a diskcartridge is required for system use during a job,a table of five such parameters (a quintuple), one foreach of the five possible drives, is reserved inCOMMA or DCOM. The first of the five parametersis assigned a label. Such a parameter is said to bea drive- or cartridge-dependent parameter, whicheverterm is applicable.The position in the quintuple indicates the logicaldrive number of the drive on which the associatedcartridge is mounted. Thus, the first parameter ina quintuple is associated with logical drive zero, thesecond with logical drive one, etc. The assignmentof logical drive numbers is done during JOB processing;t hat is, the logical drive numbers are assignedin the sequence specified on the JOB monitor controlrecord. Thus, the first cartridge specified isassigned to logical drive zero, the second to logicaldrive one, etc. If no cartridges at all are specified,then the current logical drive zero is defined aslogical drive zero for the job being defined. Thedrive- and cartridge-dependent parameters for allunspecified cartridges are cleared to zero, exceptfor logical drive zero as noted above.JOB processing includes the reading of DCOM andthe ID sector from each specified cartridge and thesetting up of the drive- and cartridge-dependentquintuples in DCOM on the master cartridge.Initialization of the quintuples is done during coldstart processing, which defines logical drive zero(and all associated drive- and cartridge-dependentparameters for logical drive zero) as the physicaldrive selected in the Console Entry switches (seeSection 4. Cold Start Programs). All other valuesin the drive- and cartridge-dependent quintuples arecleared to zero.Section 2. Communications Areas 3

Table 1. The Contents of COMMALABELDESCRIPTIONLABELDESCRIPTION$ACDEthroughSACDE+4$ACEXand$ACEX+1$CCAD$ACDE contains the device code for the physical diskdrive assigned as logical disk drive 0. SACDE+ 1 through$ACDE+4 contain the device codes for logical disk drives1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The device code iscontained in bits 11-15.$ACEX and $ACEX+1 are the locations in which thecontents of the accumulator and extension, respectively,are saved by the Supervisor when entered atthe $DUMP entry point.$CCAD contains the address of the lowest-addressedword of COMMON to be saved on the Core ImageBuffer (CIB) by the Core Image Loader.SCH 12 $CH12 contains the address of $CPTR, $1132, or $1403depending upon the device defined as the principalprint device--the Console Printer, 1132 Printer, or1403 Printer, respectively.$CIBA$CIBA-1$CILA$CLSW$COMN$CORE$CPTR$CTSW$CIBA contains the sector address of the first sector ofthe Core Image Buffer (CIB) in use by the monitorsystem programs during the current job. The logicaldisk drive number is contained in bits 0-3.$CIBA-1 contains 4095 minus the location of $CIBA.This value is used as the word count (In conjunctionwith $CIBA, which contains the sector address of theCIB) in saving the first 4K of core storage followingan entry at $DUMP.$CILA contains the address of the end of the disk I/Osubroutine currently In core storage minus 4. $CILAalways points to the word count (followed by thesector address) of phase 1 of the Core Image Loader.$CLSW Is a switch indicating to phase 2 of the CoreImage Loader the function it is to perform. The switchsettings are as follows:Setting MeaningPositive Load the indicated disk I/OsubroutineZero or Load the indicated core loadNegative and its required disk I/Osubroutine. Zero indicatesthat the core load has justbeen built by the Core LoadBuilder; negative indicatesthat the core load is storedin the User or Fixed Area incore image format.$COMN contains the number of words of COMMONdefined for the core load currently in execution.$CORE contains a code indicating the number of wordsof core storage within which the monitor system programsare to operate. The codes are as follows:Code Size of Core Storage/1000 4096 words/2000 8192 words/4000 16384 words/8000 32768 words$CPTR is a dummy channel 12 indicator for theConsole Printer.$CTSW is a switch indicating that a monitor controlrecord has been detected by a monitor system programother than the Supervisor. The switch settings are asfol lows:Setting MeaningPositive Monitor control record detectedZero Monitor control record not detected$CWCT$CWCT+1$CXR1$CYLNthrough$CYLN+4$DABL$DADR$DBSY$DCDE$CWCT contains the number of words of COMMONto be saved on the Core Image Buffer (CIB) by theCore Image Loader.$CWCT+1 contains the sector address of the first sectorof the Core Image Buffer (CIB) to be used for the savingof COMMON by the Core Image Loader. The logicaldisk drive number is contained in bits 0-3.$CXR1 is the location in which the contents of indexregister 1 are saved by the Skeleton Supervisor.$CYLN contains the sector address of sector C on thecylinder over which the access arm on logical diskdrive 0 is currently positioned. $CYLN+1 through$CYLN+4 contain analogous sector addresses I or logicaldisk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.$DABL contains the second word of the IOCC usedto reset the Synchronous Communications Adapter.$DABL is, therefore, aligned on an odd word boundary.$DABL contains /5540, the bit configuration of anInitiate Write with modifier bit 9 on.$DADR contains the disk block address of the firstsector of the program or core load to be fetched intocore storage and executed.$DBSY is a switch indicating whether or not a diskI/O operation is in progress. The switch settings areas follows:Setting Meaningzero Disk I/O not in progressnon-zero Disk I/O in progress$DBSY is simultaneously used as a retry counter byDISKZ and DISK1.$DCDE contains the number of the logical disk drive onwhich the program to be fetched by the Core ImageLoader is to be found. The drive number is containedin bits 0-3.$DCYL$DCYL through $DCYL+2 contain the defective cylthroughinder addresses (the contents of words 1, 2, and 3$DCYL+I4 of sector 0, cylinder 0) for the cartridge mountedon logical disk drive 0. $DCYL+3 through $DCYL+14contain analogous addresses for the cartridges onlogical disk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.$DDSW$DMPF$DREQ$DZ IN$DDSW contains the device status word (DSW) sensedduring the last disk 1/0 operation performed.$DMPF contains the contents of the word followingthe branch to the $DUMP entry point, i.e., thedump format code.$DREQ is a switch indicating the disk I/O subroutinethat has been requested. The switch settings c re asfollows:Setting Meaningpositive DISKNzero DISK Inegative DISKZ$DZ IN is a switch indicating the disk I/O subroutinepresently in core storage. The switch settings are asfol lows:Setting Meaningnegative DISKZ is in corezero DISK1 is in corepositive DISKN is in core4

&Table 1. The Contents of COMMA (ContinuedLABELDESCRIPTION$FPADthrough$FPAD+4$GCOM$FPAD contains the sector address of the first sector ofWorking Storage on the cartridge mounted on logicaldisk drive 0. The logical disk drive number is containedin bits 0-3. $FPAD+1 through $FPAD+4 containanalogous sector addresses for the cartridges on logicaldisk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.$FPAD through $FPAD+4 are effectively the fileprotectionaddresses for the cartridges in use. Theseaddresses are adjusted in non-temporary mode only.$GCOM contains the address of GCOM, the communicationarea for the Graphic Subroutine Package (GSP).GCOM contains common areas, pointers, and indicatorsthat are used by most of the GSP subroutines. GCOM alsocontains the system display program for the GSP.LABEL$LKNMand$LKNM+1$LSAD$NDUPDESCRIPTION$LKNM and $LKNM+ I contain the name, in namecode, of the program or core load to be executed next.$LKNM is aligned on an even word boundary.$LSAD contains the absolute sector address of the firstsector of the first LOCAL (or SOCAL if there are noLOCALS) for the core load currently in core. Thelogical disk drive number is contained in bits 0-3.$NDUP is a switch indicating whether or not DUPoperations may be performed. The switch settings areas follows:$GRINSGRIN is the Graphic Initialization program indicator.Setting Meaning$HASH through $HASH +11 are a work area used vari-ously by the monitor system programs.$HASHthrough$HASH + 11$IBSY$IBSY is a switch indicating whether or not an I/Ooperation involving the principal I/O device is inprogress. The switch settings are as follows:Setting Meaning$NEND$NXEQzero Permit DUP operationsnon-zero Inhibit DUP operations$NEND is equivalent to the address of the end ofDISKN plus 1.$NXEQ is a switch indicating whether or not executionof a user core load may be performed. Theswitch settings are as follows:$IBT2zero Principal I/O device not busynon-zero Principal I/O device busy$IBT2 contains the address of the interrupt branchtable (IBT) for interrupt level 2. Since the disk is theonly device on interrupt level 2, $IBT2 contains theaddress of the interrupt entry point in the disk I/Osubroutine currently in core storage.$PAUSSetting Meaningzero Permit core load executionnon-zero Inhibit core load execution$PAUS is a switch set by every ISS that does not set$IOCT when initiating an I/O operation, e.g., SCAT1.The switch settings are as follows:$IBT4$IOCT$IBT4 contains the address of the interrupt branch table(IBT) for interrupt level 4 used by the program currentlyin control.$IOCT is the IOCS counter for I/O operations. $IOCTis incremented by 1 for each I/O operation initiated.$IOCT is decremented by 1 for each I/O operationcompleted or terminated. $IOCT equals zero whenall I/O operations have been completed.$PBSYSetting Meaningzero Exit from the PAUS subroutinenon-zero Branch back to the WAIT in thePAUS subroutine$PBSY is a switch indicating whether or not an I/Ooperation involving the principal print device is inprogress. The switch settings are as follows:$IREQ$KCSW$LAST$IREQ contains the address of the subroutine servicingthe INTERRUPT REQUEST key on the Keyboard (interruptlevel 4). This address is supplied by the user core loadusing the INTERRUPT REQUEST key. Unless an addressis supplied $IREQ contains the address of the $DUMPentry point.$KCSW is a switch indicating whether or not (1) theKeyboard has been defined as the principal input deviceand/or (2) the Console Printer has been defined as theprincipal print device. The switch settings are asfollows:Settings Meaningnegative Either the Console Printer is the principalprint device or the Keyboard isthe principal input device, but notbothzero Neither is the Console Printer theprincipal print device nor is theKeyboard the principal input devicepositive The Console Printer is the principalprint device and the Keyboard isthe principal input deviceDepending on the setting on $KCSW, the system devicesubroutine for the Keyboard/Console Printer eitherpermits or inhibits the overlapping of input and output.$LAST is a switch indicating whether or not the lastcard has been read by the system device subroutine servicingthe card input device. The switch settings are asfollows:Settings Meaningzero Last card has not been readnon-zero Last card has been read$PGCT$PHSE$RMSW$RWCZSetting Meaningzero Principal print device not busynon-zero Principal print device busy$PGCT contains the number, in binary, of the page ofthe job listing currently being printed.$PHSE contains the SLET ID number (In bits 8-15) of thephase of the monitor system program currently in control,excepting the Cold Start Program and the SkeletonSupervisor. $PHSE always contains zero when a usercore load is in control. Bits 0-7 of $PHSE sometimescontain a subphase ID number.$RMSW is a switch indicating the entry point at whichthe Skeleton Supervisor was entered and, hence, thetype of CALL causing the Skeleton Supervisor to beentered. The switch settings are as follows:Setting Meaningpositive Entry at $DUMPzero Entry at $LINKnegative Entry at $EXIT$RWCZ is a switch indicating the type of operation lastperformed by the CARDZ subroutine. The switch settingsare as follows:Setting Meaningzero Last operation a Readnon-zero Last operation a Punch$SCAN $SCAN through $SCAN+7 are an area used by the 1132throughPrinter when printing a line. This area is also used as$SCAN+7 a work area by the monitor system programs.Section 2. Communications Areas 5

"Table 1 . The Contents of COMMA (Concluded)Table 2. The Contents of DCOMLABEL$SNLT$SYSC$UFDR$UFIO$ULETthrough$ULET+4$WRD1$WSDRDESCRIPTION$SNLT is the location used for sense light simulationby FORTRAN programs. The bits are used as follows:Bit Sense Light14 113 212 311 4$SYSC contains the version and modification levelnumbers identifying the 1130 Disk Monitor System.Bits 0-7 contain the version number; bits 8-15 containthe modification level number.$UFDR contains the number of the logical disk driveon which the unformatted I/O area in use by themonitor system programs during the current job is tobe found. The drive number is contained in bits 0-3.SUF10 contains the displacement, in sectors, from thestart of the unformatted I/O area to the sector atwhich the writing or reading of the next logicalrecord to or from the unformatted I/O area is to begin.$ULET contains the sector address of the first sectorof LET on the cartridge mounted on logical disk drive0. The logical disk drive number is contained inbits 0-3. $ULET+1 through $ULET+4 contain analogoussector addresses for the cartridges on logicaldisk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.$WRD1 contains the address at which the first word ofthe core image header of the core load to be/beingexecuted will/does reside.$WSDR contains the number of the logical disk driveon which the Working Storage in use by the monitorsystem programs during the current job is to be found.The drive number is contained in bits 0-3.LABEL#ANDUthrough#ANDU+4DESCRIPTION#ANDU contains the displacement, in disk blocks,from word 0, sector 0, cylinder 0 on the cartridgemounted on logical disk drive 0 to the last disk blockof the User Area on that cartridge, plus 1 disk block.#ANDU+1 through #ANDU+4 contain analogous displacementsfor the cartridges on logical disk drives 1,2, 3, and 4, respectively.#ANDU through #ANDU+4 are effectively the adjustedaddresses of the ends of the User Areas on thecartridges In use. These addresses are adjusted insteadof # BNDU through #13NDU+4 during temporarymode, in parallel with # BNDU through fiBNDU+4during non-temporary mode.# BNDU #BNDU contains the displacement, in disk blocks,through from word 0, sector 0, cylinder 0 on the cartridge# BNDU+4 mounted on logical disk drive 0 to the last diskblock of the User Area on that cartridge, plLs 1 diskblock. O BNDU+1 through # BNDU+4 contain analogousdisplacements for the cartridges on logicaldisk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.# BNDU through # BNDU+4 are effectively the baseaddresses of the ends of the User Areas on thecartridges in use. These addresses are adjusted onlyduring non-temporary mode, in parallel with #ANDUthrough OANDU+4.#CBSW#CIAD#CBSW is a switch indicating to the Core Load Builderthe type of exit to be made. The switch settings areas follows:Setting MeaningZero Return to Core Image Loadernon-zero Return to DUPOCIAD contains the relative location in sector@IDAD (within DISKZ) where the address of theCore Image Loader is to be found.SXR3X$ZEND$1ENDSXR3X contains the setting of index register 3 for thecore load in core.$ZEND Is equivalent to the address of the end ofDISKZ plus 1.$1END Is equivalent to the address of the end ofDISK1 plus 1.$1132 $1132 is a switch indicating whether or not channel12 has been detected on the 1132 Printer. Theswitch settings are as follows:#CIBAthroughOCIBA+4#CIDNthrough#CIDN+4#CIBA contains the sector address of the Core ImageBuffer (CIB) on the cartridge mounted on logical diskdrive 0. The logical disk drive number is containedin bits 0-3. #CIBA+1 through #CIBA+4 containanalogous sector addresses for the cartridges on logicaldisk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.#CIDN contains the ID (the contents of word 4,sector 0, cylinder 0) of the cartridge mounted onlogical disk drive 0. O CIDN+1 through #CIDN+4contain the !Ds of the cartridges on logical riskdrives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.Setting Meaningzero Channel 12 not detected or a skipto channel 1 executednon-zero Channel 12 detected$1403 $1403 is a switch indicating whether or not channel12 has been detected on the 1403 Printer. Theswitch settings are as follows:Setting Meaningzero Channel 12 not detected or a skipto channel 1 executednon-zero Channel 12 detected#CSHN #CSHN contains the number of sectors availcble forthroughexpansion of the monitor system programs on theO CSHN+4 system cartridge mounted on logical disk drive 0.6 CSHN-F1 through # CSHN+4 contain analogous numbersfor any system cartridges mounted on logicaldisk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.# DBCT #DBCT contains the number of disk blocks occupiedby the program, core load, or data file named on aDUP control record.# DCSW #DCSW is a switch indicating to the ADRWS programthe type of exit to be made. The switch settings areas follows:Setting MeaningZero Branch to $EXIT in SkeletonSupervisornon-zero Return to DUP# ENTY #ENTY contains the address of entry point 1 in theprogram placed into system Working Storage oy theAssembler or FORTRAN Compiler. This address isthe address to be placed into word 12 of the DSF programheader by DUP or the address from which word 1of the core image header is generated by the CoreLoad Builder.#ECNT#ECNT contains the number of EQUAT records thathave been processed by the Supervisor and ;:cored onthe SCRA.6

*Table 2. The Contents of DCOM (Continued)LABELDESCRIPTIONLABELDESCRIPTION#FCNT#FHOLOFCNT contains the number of files defined for thecore load being built or the execution to be initated.#FHOL contains the displacement, in disk blocks,from word 0, sector 0, cylinder 0 to the first diskblock of the largest unused (1DUMY) area in theFixed Area on the cartridge to which a STORE operationis to be made.# FLET #FLET contains the sector address of the first sectorthroughof F LET on the cartridge mounted on logical diskO F LET+4drive 0. The logical disk drive number is containedin bits 0-3. #FLET+1 through O F LET+4 containanalogous sector addresses for the cartridges onlogical disk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.# FMAT #FMAT is a switch Indicating the format of the conthroughtents, if any, of Working Storage on the cartridge# FMAT+4 mounted on logical disk drive 0. #FMAT+1 through# FMAT+4 are analogous switches for Working Storageon logical disk drives 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively.The switch settings are as follows:O FPADthroughO FPAD+4Setting Meaning-2 disk core image format (DCI)zero disk system format (DSF)+1 disk data format (DDF)OFPAD contains the sector address of the first sectorof Working Storage on the cartridge mounted onlogical disk drive 0. The logical disk drive numberis contained in bits 0-3. #FPAD+1 through# FPAD+4 contain analogous sector addresses for thecartridges on logical disk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4,respectively.# FPAD through #FPAD+4 are effectively the fileprotectionaddresses for the cartridges in use. Theseaddresses are adjusted in non-temporary mode only.# FRDR #FRDR contains the number of the logical disk driveon which the cartridge specified by the "FROM"cartridge ID (in columns 31-34 of the DUP controlrecord) is mounted. The drive number is containedin bits 12-15. A negative number indicates that noID was specified.# FSZE #FSZE contains the number of disk blocks containedin the largest unused (IDUMY) area in the Fixed Areaon the cartridge to which a STORE operation is to bemade.#GCNT#GCNT contains the number of G2250 subroutines tobe defined for the core load being built or the executionto be initiated.# JBSW #JBSW is a switch indicating the mode of operationestablished by the last JOB monitor control record.The switch settings are as follows:Setting Meaningzero temporary modenon-zero non-temporary mode.# LCNT #LCNT contains the number of LOCALS specified forthe execution to be initiated or the core load beingbuilt.# LOSW #LOSW is aswitch used by CLB to indicate thefol lowing.Setting Meaningzero LOCAL may not call a LOCALone LOCAL may call a LOCALO MDF 1#MDF2#MDF1 contains, in bits 8-15, the number of DUPcontrol records to be processed by DUP when calledby the MODIF program. # MDF1 also contains, inbits 0-7, the number of errors detected by DUP duringthe processing of the DUP control records for theMODIF program.#MDF2 is a switch indicating to DUP that controlmust be returned to the MODIF program. The switchsetting are as follows:Setting Meaningzero Do not return to MODIFnon-zero Return to MODIF# MPSW OMPSW is a switch indicating to the Core Load Builderwhether or not a core map is to be printed for each coreload built during the current execution. The switchsettings are as follows:Setting MeaningZero Do not print a core mapnon-zero Print a core map# NAME NAME and O NAME+1 contain the name, in nameandcode, of the program, core load, or data file currently# NAME+1 being processed by the Supervisor, DUP, Core LoadBuilder, or Core Image Loader. The name is obtainedfrom a control record or from a LET/FLET search.# NAME is aligned on an even word boundary.# NCNT #NCNT contains the number of NOCALs specified forthe execution to be initiated or the core load beingbui It.#PCIDthroughO PCID+4#PCID contains the ID (the contents of word 4, sector0, cylinder 0) of the cartridge mounted on physicaldisk drive 0, if that drive is "ready". #PCID+1through #PCID+4 contain the IDs of the cartridges onphysical disk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, ifthe corresponding drives are "ready". The entriesfor "not ready" drives contain zeroes.# PIOD #PIOD is a switch indicating the device defined as theprincipal I/O device for the system. The switchsettings are as follows:Setting Principal I/O Devicepositive 2501 with 1442, any modelzero 1442, Model 6 or 7negative 1134 with 1055# PPTR #PPTR is a switch indicating the device defined as theprincipal print device for the system. The switchsettings are as follows:Setting Principal Print Devicepositive 1403 Printerzero 1132 Printernegative Console Printer# RP67 #RP67 is a switch indicating the type of card I/0device present on the system. The switch settingsare as follows:Setting Card I/0 Devicezero 2501 with 1442, Model 5positive 1442, Model 6 or 7# SCRA #SCRA contains the sector address of the first sectorthrough of the Supervisor Control Record Area (SCRA) on the# SCRA+4 cartridge mounted on logical disk drive 0. The logicaldisk drive number is contained in bits 0-3. #SCRA+1through # SCRA+4 contain analogous sector addressesfor any system cartridges on logical disk drives 1, 2,3, and 4, respectively.Section 2. Communications Areas 7

Table 2. The Contents of DCOM (Concluded)LABELDESCRIPTION# UHOL #UHOL contains the displacement, in disk blocks,from word 0, sector 0, cylinder 0 to the first diskblock of the largest unused ( I DUMY) area in the UserArea on the cartridge to which a STORE operation isto be made.# ULET #ULET contains the sector address of the first sector ofthrough LET on the cartridge mounted on logical disk drive 0.# ULET+4 The logical disk drive number is contained in bits 0-3.# ULET+1 through #ULET+4 contain analogous sectoraddresses for the cartridges on logical disk drives 1,2, 3, and 4, respectively.# USZE #USZE contains the number of disk blocks containedin the largest unused (1DUMY) area in the User Areaon the cartridge to which a STORE operation is to bemade.#WSCTthroughO WSCT 1-4#WSCT contains the number of disk blocks occupiedby a program, core load, or data file placed intoWorking Storage on the cartridge mounted on logicaldisk drive 0. # WSCT+1 through #WSCT+4 containanalogous disk block counts for the contents of WorkingStorage on logical disk drives 1, 2, 3, and 4,respectively.8

SECTION 3. SYSTEM LOADERFLOWCHARTSGeneral: SYLO1Phase 1: SYLO2Phase 2: SYLO3 - SYLO5PHASE 1FUNCTIONSPhase 1 determines which card I/O subroutine isrequired, e. , 1442 or 2501. If the 2501 is the cardreader, the System 2501 Subroutine overlays theSystem 1442 Subroutine. Both subroutines areassembled as part of Phase 1 and are naturallyrelocatable.Phase 1 also reads the Console Entry switches toget the physical drive number (0-4) for the cartridgeto be loaded. It sets up the PROGRAM STOP keyinterrupt trap. The Keyboard INTERRUPT REQUESTkey is made non-effective until the monitor systemprograms have been loaded.Phase 1 reads the Resident Monitor and DISKZobject decks into core storage and initializes thempreparatory to loading phase 2 of the System Loaderto disk.Phase 1 picks up defective track data from sector@IDAD on the cartridge to be used to initialize thedisk I/O subroutine.Phase 1 loads phase 2 to cylinders 198 and 199(sectors /0630 through /063D) on disk. (Thesesector addresses are absolute; they are assembledas part of the phase 2 deck.) If an initial load isbeing performed, subphase 1 is loaded to sector/0635 , overlaying a part of the reload processingsubroutine. Subphases 2 and 3 are loaded to sectors/063A and /063C.Phase 1 stores the Resident Image on sector&RIAD. (DISKZ is stored on disk by phase 2.)On reload operations, the SLET and Reload Tableare tested for agreement with the checksum residingin the last word of the Reload Table sector. Ifno checksum is present, the cartridge is assumedto have been loaded by a modification level 0 SystemLoader. Consequently the first two sectors of SLETwill be packed, and the third SLET sector cleared.Phase 1 processes the System Configurationrecords, saving the data obtained in the phase 1communications area for use by phase 2. At theend of the Configuration records processing, theaccumulated data is checked for errors and consolidatedfor phase 2. If a CORE control record ispresent, its contents are processed and replace thecalculated core size.Phase 1 processes the PHID control record(s),checks for errors, and saves the data obtained foruse by phase 2. The version and modificationlevel number is taken from the first PHID controlrecord and saved.Phase ID pairs must be in ascending order on thePHID record(s) with no intervening blank fields. Iftwo PHID records are present, the second may containblank fields after the last phase ID pair.Phase 1 fetches phase 2 from disk into corestorage and transfers control to it at BA000.BUFFERS AND I/0 AREASCard InputAA904: an 80-word buffer that contains card imagesin left-justified 12 bit/word format, as read by the1442 or 2501 card I/0 subroutine.AA902: a 60-word buffer that contains the 12 bit/word data from buffer AA904 after it has beencompressed to 16 bits/word.Paper Tape InputA: an 80-word buffer for PTTC/8 records.B: a 60-word buffer into which binary data frombuffer BIGCB is compressed.C: a 1-word buffer used for the DEL charactertest when reading binary paper tape records.BIGCB: a 108-word buffer for binary paper taperecords, 108 frames, left-justified.Disk Input and OutputBUFFR: a 640-word buffer used in all disk I/Ooperations.BUFR1: a 320-word buffer, used only for the SLET/RELOAD table checksum calculation.COMMUNICATION FROM PHASE 1 TO PHASE 2The Console Printer Subroutine (WRYTZ) and theSystem I/O Subroutine (1442 or 2501) are in a lowcore position not overlayed by Phase 2. Phase 2 isthen able to use these subroutines.Section 3. System Loader 9

Likewise, information acquired by Phase 1 thatmust be passed on to Phase 2 and error messages requiredby both phases reside in a low core positionso as not to be overlayed by Phase 2.PHASE 2At the conclusion of either an initial load or reload,the SLET and Reload Tables are checksummedand the result stored in the last word of the ReloadTable sector.Phase 2 displays appropriate error messages, asI necessary, using the WRTYZ subroutine in corestorage.FUNCTIONS, INITIAL LOAD AND RELOADPhase 2 checks the phase ID number sequence forascending order and completeness throughout aninitial load, and during the addition of one or moreprograms during a reload. At other times duringa reload, the phases present should be in ascendingorder, but omissions are allowed.Phase 2 performs a checksum test on all type A(data) records.Phase '2 builds the Reload Table in core storageas the monitor system program phases are loaded.Each 3-word entry in the table consists of the IDnumber of a phase requesting SLET data, the relativelocation within the requesting phase where theSLET data is to be stored, and the number of SLETitems to be supplied by the System Loader. On aninitial load, this Reload Table is written to disk insector nRTBL.If so indicated in columns 12 through 15 of theLoad Mode control record, phase 2 bypasses theprograms described by phase ID pairs 2, 3, 8 and/or 9 from the PHID control record(s).Phase 2 updates the version and modification levelnumbers in the parameter #SYSC in sector ( 9.,D DCOMof the cartridge. These numbers are taken directlyI from the first PHID control record. No comparisonwith previous version and modification level numbersis made.Phase 2 determines from the data obtained fromthe System Configuration records which devices arethe principal I/0 and principal print devices. Phase2 builds five special sets of SLET entries for thespecified devices as well as for the principal I/0 andprint device conversion subroutines.Phase 2 steps through the Reload Table andsearches out every phase requesting SLET data.It then searches out the SLET data that is requested,places it in the requesting phase, and writes thatphase back to disk. This continues until the end ofthe Reload Table (/F FEE) is reached.Phase 2 substitutes zeros for the SLET data requestedby a phase if that phase requested a programdescribed by phase ID pair 2, 3, 8 or 9 and thatprogram is not present on the cartridge. For examp:le,the Assembler Program (represented by phase ID pair3) may have been deleted or never loaded.FUNCTIONS, INITIAL LOAD ONLYPhase 1 has cleared to zero the sectors that willbecome the SLET table. The SLET entries arefilled in as each monitor system program is stored.Phase 2 checks for missing phases. All phasesspecified in the PHID control record must be present,except when one or more programs are bypassed.Phase 2 keeps a record of the highest sector loadedso that the sector addresses for the Supervisor ControlRecord Area (SCRA), Core Image Buffer (CIB), LocationEquivalence Table (LET), and User Area (UA) ondisk may be correctly established.Phase 2 checks the data obtained from the I,oadMode control record, and if a program is bypassed,no gap is left in SLET. The next program loadedfollows immediately on the cartridge and the SLETentry for its first phase fills the first availablelocation in SLET.FUNCTIONS, RELOAD ONLYPhase 2 verifies that the file-protection address isnot greater than /062F. (Otherwise, phase 2 cannotbe temporarily stored on disk.)Each time a phase with a positive phase ID numberis reloaded, the Reload Table is searched. If thatphase ID is present, it is removed and the tablerepacked.Phase 2 updates the SLET entries for each phaseas that phase is reloaded.Phase 2 provides for expansion of the system intothe Cushion Area when required. If a phase growsby more than one sector, it is expanded accordingly.All subsequent SLET entries are updated each timean expansion occurs. A check is made to see thatthe Supervisor Control Record Area (SCRA) is notoverlayed.The phase ID range of an existing program may beexpanded at the 'upper end' to permit addition of oneor more phases to that program. In such a case,the phase whose ID is one less than the first phase tobe added must be present so that a pointer can locatethe position in SLET where data for the added phasewill be inserted. SLET entries above the addedphase will be shifted to provide 4 SLET words for10

Ithe new phase. System programs above the addedphase will be shifted toward and into the cushionarea as necessary.System programs may be added to the system programarea if each such program meets the followingrequirements:1. It is described by a phase ID pair in thesecond PHID record.2. It is described by a phase ID pair whoselower limit is greater than any phase IDin SLET.3. No fixed area exists on the cartridge.Before the program is stored, the SCRA, CIB, LETand UA will be shifted so that the 'high' end adjoinsthe system loader storage area at the end of thecartridge. When the type '81' record is processed,the SCRA, CIB, LET and UA will be shifted backfrom their temporary location to new sector addressesdetermined by the length of the program(s) added.A new cushion area will be established. User Areaand chain addresses in LET are updated.Once a program addition has started, the systemloader reload operation is similar to an initial load.All phases must be present and in sequence fromthe first phase of the added program up to andincluding the last phase ID present in the secondPHID record. The additional disk storage area requiredwill be equivalent to the length of the addedprogram(s), plus up to 15 sectors to rebuild thecushion area.Since the System Loader resides on the last twocylinders during its operations, working storageshould be at least equal to the length of the addedprogram(s) plus 31 sectors before performing theaddition.Phase 2 constructs an in-core Reload Table. Atthe end of the monitor system program reload, thedata that was accumulated as one or more phaseswere reloaded is first compared with the existingReload Table on disk. Entries are replaced oradded to the Reload Table as necessary. Then theupdated Reload Table is processed as describedabove.BUFFERS.AND I/O AREASCard InputCARD1: an 80-word buffer that contains card imagesin left-justified 12 bit/word format, as read by the1442 or 2501 card I/O subroutine.CARD2: an 80-word buffer used in conjunction withbuffer CARD1 for double buffering capability. Thisbuffer is used only by the 2501 card I/0 subroutine.PKBFR: a 60-word buffer into which 12 bits/worddata is compressed from buffer CARD1 when a 1442is used as the input device, or from buffers CARD1and CARD2 when a 2501 is used.Paper Tape InputB: a 60-word buffer into which binary data frombuffer BIGCB is compressed.C. a 1-word buffer used for the DEL charactertest when reading binary paper tape records.BIGCB: a 108-word buffer for binary paper taperecords, 108 frames, left-justified.Disk Input and OutputBUFR1: a buffer that is used to gather the data thatwill become the Reload Table. Its length is variable,up to 320 words. The word count (never over /0140)may be found in location BUFR1. This buffer isalso used in calculating the SLET/RELOAD Tablechecksum.BUFR2: a 320-word buffer used in disk I/O operations.BUFR3: 320 words + core above 4K buffer used forreading or writing a SLET sector. During a reloadoperation that requires expansion into the CushionArea of the cartridge, a sector of SLET from BUFR3is saved by writing it on the first sector of the CIB.The CIB is not cleared afterward.SUBPHASESSubphase 1Subphase 1 contains the subroutines that are usedonly during an initial load. Phase 1 determines fromthe Load Mode control record the type of load beingperformed, and either overlays subphase 0 or by -passes the subphase 1 portion of the phase 2 deck.Most of the functions of this subphase involve thechecking of the ID number of eacn phase as it is encountered.An error message is displayed whenevera phase ID is encountered that is out of sequenceor was not specified on the PHID control record.Section 3. System Loader 11

1Subphase 2Subphase 2 contains the procedures for systeminitialization prior to the loading of the SystemLibrary. After the type 81 (end-of-system) recordhas been read, phase 2 fetches this subphase intothe overlay area.Subphase 2 modifies the coding for the processingof those types of records that are no longer expected,so that if one of these records is encountered, anerror message is printed.A SLET search is performed for the word countand sector address of the Core Image Loader to bestored at the end of the Disk I/0 Subroutine, DISKZ.Subphase 2 reads DCOM into the buffer BUFR3and initializes or updates the following:Subphase 2 reads the Resident Image from disk intothe buffer BUFR2 and initializes or updates thefollowing:Location$CH12$CORE$DREQValue Insertedaddress of channel 12 indicator forthe principal print device, as determinedfrom REQ control records, i. e. ,$1403, $ 1132, or $ CPTRcore size (may be actual, or set byCORE control record)a negative value (indicating DISKZ)Location1) SYSC#RP67Value Insertedversion and modification level fromPHID control recorda positive value if a 1442, Model 6 or7 is present, zero otherwiseliPIOD the value indicating the principal I/0device, as determined from REQ controlrecords (+=2501/1442, 0=1442/1442,- =1134/1055)4IPPTR the value indicating the principal printdevice, as determined from REQ controlrecords (+=1403, 0=1132, - =ConsolePrinter)If CIAD relative location in sector @IDAD whereCIL word count and sector address ismaintainedIIANDU file-protection disk block address#BNDU file-protection disk block address$IREQ$ULET$C1LA$DZIN$FPAD$DCYL$IBT2address of DUMP entry point ($DUMP)sector address of LET for logicaldrive 0address in which the word count andsector address of Phase 1 and the CoreImage Loader is to be phaced ($ V, END-4)a negative value (indicating DISKZ)file-protection sector address forlogical drive 0table of defective cylinders (fromsector @IDAD)address of level 2 interrupt branchtable#FPADCIBAfile-protection or Working Storagesector addresssector address of CIB#SCRA sector address of Supervisor ControlRecord Area#ULET sector address of LET#CSHN number of unused sectors between lastsystem program and Supervisor ControlRecord Area.On an initial load the first sector of LET isestablished and initialized with a 1DUMY entry,Working Storage disk block address, User Area sectoraddress, and the number of unused words in thefirst sector of LET. All other words in LET areset to zero until the System Library is loaded.On a reload in which one or more programs arecalled, the chain addresses in LET are updatedto reflect the new position of LET on the disk dueto the shift to make room for the new programs(s).Subphase 2 fetches and transfers control to subphase3.12

Subphase 3Subphase 3 clears the sign bits from all sectoraddresses in SLET and resets them according to thedata obtained from the System Configuration records.(The sign bits are used to indicate which, if any, I/Odevices are not present on the system.)Subphase 3, on a reload operation, compares allentries in the Reload Table built in core storage withthe Reload Table on disk. Phase ID numbers in theReload Table on disk that match phase ID numbers inthe Reload Table in core storage are replaced bythose from the table in core storage. Any additionalphase ID numbers from the table in core storagethat are not present in the table on disk are added tothe table on disk. At the conclusion of this updateof the Reload Table on disk, it is completely reprocessedby the RLTBL subroutine in phase 2.Subphase 3 places the word count and sectoradress of phase 1 of the Core Image Loader,obtained from SLET, into DISKZ in core storageand into DISKZ on cylinder 0.If a normal reload is being performed, subphase 3prints "END RELOAD" to the console printer andbranches to $ EXIT. If the '81' record was followedby a "// XEQ MODIF" record, subphase 3 branchesto the Auxiliary Supervisor with a minus 6 parametercausing a "// XEQ MODIF" record to be placed inthe Supervisor buffer. The Supervisor then executesMODIF.On an initial load, subphase 3 branches to theAuxiliary Supervisor with a parameter of minus 5,causing a dummy DUP monitor control record to beplaced in the Supervisor buffer and the MonitorControl Record Analyzer to be called via the EXITentry point in the Skeleton Supervisor. The MonitorControl Record Analyzer then calls DUP to storethe System Library.CORE LAYOUTFigure 1 shows the layout of the contents of corestorage during System Loader operation.C1442/2501Bootstrap Loader\— (2'Res MonitorCRes Monitor//. . / /.: / / DISKZ DISKZLDPH2 LDPH2 LDPH2CommunicationsAreaConsole PrinterSubroutineSystem 1442SubroutineSystem 2501SubroutinePhase1BUFFRBUFRTCommunicationsAreaConsole PrinterSubroutine7Card I/OSubroutinePhase1BUFFRBUFR1/,/,,CommunicationsAreaConsole PrinterSubroutineCard I/OSubroutinePhase2SubphaseArea(0,1,2,3)BUFR1(Reload Table)BUFR2BUFR3(SLET)Extendsto fillavailablecore•Figure 1. Core Layout During System Loader OperationCARTRIDGE IDENTIFICATION SECTOROn an initial load, the System Loader uses the contentsof the cartridge ID sector (sector OIDAD) asfollows:The first three words of the sector (the defectivecylinder table for the cartridge, initialized by theDCIP program) are placed into its disk I/O subroutine40Section 3. System Loader 13

prior to performing any disk operations, and intolocations $DCYL through $DCYL+2 in the ResidentImage.The fourth word of the sector (the cartridgeidentification word, initialized by the DCIP or DISCprogram) is placed into location #CIDN in DCOM.The seventh word of the sector is the cartridgeload status word. Minus 2 indicates that an initializationhas been performed and an initial load only ispermitted. Plus 2 indicates that the cartridge hasbeen initial-loaded and a reload only is permitted.SYSTEM LOCATION EQUIVALENCE TABLE (SLET)SLET occupies three adjacent sectors on the systemcartridge. Its functions are:• To provide a convenient means for locating eachmonitor system program that has been stored onthe system cartridge.• To indicate which are the principal I/0 devicesfor the system.• To indicate which devices, if any, are not presenton the system.When the System Loader initially stores a phaseof a monitor system program on the disk, it makesa 4-word entry in SLET for that program consistingof:1. The phase identification (phase ID) number.2. The core loading address of the phase. This isthe address in which the word count is to bestored prior to fetching the phase from the disk.3. The word count of the phase, not including thetwo words occupied by the word count and sectoraddress used in fetching the phase from disk.4. The sector address of the phase.During an initial load, the SLET sectors arecleared to zero. The 4-word entries describingeach phase are built into the table, phase by phase,as the monitor system programs are loaded. (Aprogram or phase not included during an initial loadcannot later be included in a reload operation unlessthe program to be reloaded meets the requirementsdescribed under FUNCTIONS, RELOAD ONLY.Otherwise a new initial load must be performed.)All phase ID numbers in SLET are in ascendingorder. No duplications exist. The only jumps insequence are between programs, not between phaseswithin a nroaram.The five 4-word entries describing the principalI/O devices and the corresponding conversion subroutinesare built by the System Loader and do notcome directly from program decks.The contents of SLET can be obtained at any timeby an execution of the DSLET program (see thedescription of DSLET under Mainline Programsin Section 12. System Library).RELOAD TABLEThe Reload Table occupies one sector on the systemcartridge. It contains a 3-word entry for each phasethat requests SLET information. Word 1 of eachentry contains the phase ID number of the requestingphase. Word 2 of each entry contains the address ofthe location, relative to the beginning of the phase,where the SLET entries are to be inserted into therequesting phase. Word 3 of each entry contains thenumber of 4-word SLET entries to be inserted intothe requesting phase. The phase ID number of therequesting phase itself is in 2's complement formto indicate to the System Loader that SLET data isrequested by that phase.When completed at the end of an initial load orreload operation, the Reload Table consists of astring of 3-word entries, as described above, exceptthat the phase ID numbers have been recomplementedby the System Loader. At the end of the string is/FFFF. It may be at an odd or an even address,depending upon the length of the string. The lestword of the Reload Table is used for the SLET andReload Table checksum. At the end of an initialload, the phase ID numbers are in ascending order.After one or more reload operations the phase IDnumbers may or may not be in ascending order.When a DEFINE VOID ASSEMBLER or DEFINEVOID FORTRAN operation is performed by DUP,all phase ID numbers belonging to the voided program(s)are removed from the Reload Table. Theremaining 3-word entries in the Reload Table arepacked together and terminated with /FFFF.14

SECTION 4. COLD START PROGRAMSFLOWCHARTSCold Start Loader: CSTO1Cold Start Program: CSTO2COLD START LOADERThe Cold Start Loader is the one-card bootstrap usedto initiate the operation of the Cold Start Program,which in turn initiates the operation of the monitorsystem.Since it is loaded by the IPL procedure, allinstructions in the Cold Start Loader are in IPLformat. Hence, the program must construct allIOCCs as well as any long instructions requiredby it.The first word set up after entering the programis the second word of the IOCC for reading the ConsoleEntry switches. After this is done, the numberof the physical drive to be assigned as logical drive0 is obtained from the Console Entry switches. Theprogram then checks to see if the number obtainedis valid (0-4, inclusive). If it is not, the programcomes to a WAIT from which the user may restartby entering a valid number and pressing the STARTkey. Once a valid number has been obtained, thedevice code for the drive specified is constructedand saved (for use by the Cold Start Program as wellas the Cold Start Loader).After setting up the second word of the IOCC forsensing the disk (with reset), the program senses thedisk. All bits except the not-ready bit (bit 2) aremasked out. If the drive is not ready, the programcomes to the same WAIT mentioned above.Four long instructions are built, and the finalsteps in the setting up of the IOCC for seeking areperformed. The word count of the Cold Start Programplus the word count of DISKZ plus 27 is storedin DZ000-29, the 27 being the number of wordsreserved in sector @MAD for parameters.After setting up the second word of the IOCCfor reading the disk, the program initiates aseek toward the home position, one cylinder at atime. When the seek is complete, sector zero onthe cylinder currently under the read/write headsis read from the disk„ If no disk error occursduring this read and if the sector address is that ofsector @IDAD, then a branch is made to $ZEND,which is the address of the first word of the ColdStart Program.If the sector address is not that of the Cold StartProgram, another seek toward the home position isinitiated. This seek-and-read process is repeateduntil the proper sector address is found. (Therefore,acartridge with invalid sector addresses causesthe program to function improperly.) Any diskerror results in the program coming to a WAIT witha /3028 in the storage address register.COLD START PROGRAMThe Cold Start Program is fetched from the diskand given control by the Cold Start Loader.Using the same device code that was set up bythe Cold Start Loader for the physical drive assignedas logical drive 0, the Cold Start Programreads the Resident Image into its normal location incore storage. Once this operation is performed,location zero is initialized with an MDX to $DUMP+1and the Auxiliary Supervisor is entered with aparameter of minus 1, causing it to place a dummyJOB monitor control record into the Supervisorbuffer and execute a CALL EXIT.CORE LAYOUTFigure 2, panel 1, shows the layout of the contentsof core storage after the Cold Start Loader has beenloaded and, in turn, has fetched sector @IDAD fromlogical drive 0 into core storage. This sector isread into core such that the DISKZ subroutineresides at DZ000, followed by the Cold Start Program.Figure 2, panel 2, shows the layout of the contentsof core storage after the Cold Start Program hasfetched the Resident Image from sector @RIADfrom logical drive 0 into core storage. TheResident Image, like DISKZ, is fetched in such afashion that all locations occupy their permanentpositions in core storage.Section 4. Cold Start Programs 15

Cold StartLoaderResidentImageParametersDISKZ DISKZCold Start Cold StartProgram Program71gure 2. Core Layout During Cold Start16

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SECTION 6. SUPERVISORFLOWCHARTSMonitor Control Record Analyzer: SUP02 - SUP05Supervisor Control Record Analyzer: SUP06-SUP08Auxiliary Supervisor: SUP10System Core Dump Program: SUP09MONITOR CONTROL RECORD ANALYZER -PHASE 1The Monitor Control Record Analyzer is the programthat decodes monitor control records and takes thespecified action.The Monitor Control Record Analyzer is enteredvia the EXIT entry point in the Skeleton Supervisor.This entry causes phase 1 of the Core Image Loaderto fetch the Monitor Control Record Analyzer andtransfer control to it.The Monitor Control Record Analyzer utilizes thesystem I/O device subroutines. Three of these subroutines(an input, an output, and the appropriateconversion subroutine) are fetched into core storageby the Monitor Control Record Analyzer itself,using SLET information provided by the SystemLoader.The Monitor Control Record Analyzer readsmonitor control records from the principal inputdevice into the Supervisor buffer, which occupieslocations @SBFR through @SBFR+79 and contains amonitor control record in unpacked, right-justifiedEBCDIC format.The principal conversion subroutine checks formonitor control records. If the principal conversionsubroutine detects a monitor control record duringthe execution of a monitor system program otherthan the Monitor Control Record Analyzer, $CTSWin COMMA is set to a positive non-zero value, themonitor control record is converted to unpacked,right-justified EBCDIC format, and the record ispassed to the Monitor Control Record Analyzer inthe locations assigned as the Supervisor buffer.If a JOB record is recognized Phase 2 is fetchedand control passed to it.Upon detecting an ASM, FOR or RPG monitorcontrol record the Monitor Control Record Analyzerfetches the first phase of the specified program usingSLET information provided by the System Loader,and transfers control to it.Upon detecting a DUP monitor control record,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer tests $NDUP,the non-DUP switch, in COMMA. If $NDUP is zero,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer fetches andtransfers control to the first phase of DUP. Otherwise,an error message is printed and the nextcontrol record is read for processing.Upon detecting a PAUS monitor control record,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer comes to aWAIT at $PRET. When the PROGRAM START keyis pressed, the Monitor Control Record Analyzerreads and processes the next control record.Upon detecting a TYP monitor control record,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer replaces theSLET information used to fetch the principal inputdevice subroutine and its associated conversionsubroutine with the SLET information for the Keyboardinput subroutine and its associated conversionsubroutine. These subroutines are then fetched andused for the reading and converting of subsequentinput records from the Keyboard.Upon detecting a TEND monitor control record,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer replaces theSLET information used to fetch the principal inputdevice (the Keyboard) subroutine and its associatedconversion subroutine with the SLET informationfor the device subroutine and conversion subroutineused with the device normally assigned as theprincipal input device, i. e. , not the Keyboard.These subroutines are then fetched and used for thereading and converting of subsequent input records.Upon detecting a CPRNT monitor control record,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer replaces theSLET information used to fetch the principal printdevice subroutine with the SLET information for theConsole Printer output subroutine. (This replacementis permanent and can be changed only bySystem Loader with a reload function.) This subroutineis then fetched and used for the printingof subsequent output records on the ConsolePrinter.Upon detecting an EJECT monitor control record,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer ejects the pageon the principal print device, prints the currentpage heading, and reads and processes the nextmonitor control record.Upon detecting an XEG monitor control record,the Monitor Control Record Analyzer tests $NXEQ,the non-execute switch, in COMMA. If $NXEQ iszero, the Monitor Control Record Analyzer fetchesand transfers control to PHASE 4 (see below).Otherwise, the Monitor Control Record Analyzerprints an error message and reads the next controlSection 6. Supervisor 19

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lank (the mainline is in Working Storage) the namein the SCRA is set zero.EQUAT Control Record ProcessingThe pair(s) of subroutine names found in the EQUATControl Record are converted to name code andstored to sector 7 of the SCRA.SUPERVISOR CONTROL RECORD AREA (SCRA)Sectors 0 and 1 of the SCRA are occupied by theLOCAL information for the core load or executioncurrently in progress (see diagram, below). Thefirst word of sector 0 contains the word count of theinformation stored in the two LOCAL sectors.Sectors 2 and 3 of the SCRA are occupied by theNOCAL information for the core load or executioncurrently in progress (see diagram, below). Thefirst word of sector 2 contains the word count ofthe information stored in the two NOCAL sectors.Sectors 4 and 5 of the SCRA are occupied by theFILES information for the core load or executioncurrently in progress (see diagram, below). Thefirst word of sector 4 contains the word count of theinformation stored in the two FILES sectors.Sector 6 is occupied with G2250 information forthe core load or execution currently in progress.The format of information in the LOCAL/NOCALsectors is as follows:Subroutine NameWord Count (sign bit is set to indicate that this isthe last word count)Mainline NameSubroutine NameSubroutine NameSection 2 I !MIMIIfNot UsedThe format of information in the FILES sectorsis as follows:Word Count, one word specifying the number of words in the IwoFILES sectors occupied by FILES information, including theword count.File Number, one word specifying in binary the numberassigned to the file in a FORTRAN DEFINE FILEstatement and by which the file is referencedFile Name, two words in name code format specifying thename of the file as it appears in LET/FLET (zerosif no file name is specified) .Cartridge ID, one word specifying in binary the IDof the cartridge containing the precedingnamed file (zero if no cartridge ID isspecified) .File NumberFile NameCartridge IDFile NameFile NumberWord Count, one word specifying the number of wordsoccupied by LOCAL/NOCAL informationinclusive from A to B.Mainline name, two words in name code format (blanksif no mainline name is specified)Subroutine Name, two words in ndme code formatspecifying a LOCAL,/NOCAL subroutine associatedwith the precedingmainlineSubroutine NameSubroutine NameMainline1 Word Count, from B to the nextNameword count.4 Mainline and Subroutine Names "' IA—SSSector2 I1 Cartridge IDThe information in the EQUAT sectorsis as follows:I Word Original New Original NewmdSubroutine SubroutineNSuatoeut Subrout ine SubroutineCount NameNameNana1=,n+1Sector 1 0 7 I ISector 1I 2 I 3 I 4 . 1In 3 In 2 In n IWIWI IIFirst pairn is equal to 4 (number of pairs)n must be less than or equal to 40Not UsedLast pair22

The format of the information in the G2250 sectoris as follows.Sector I6Word Count, one word specifying the number of words oneG2250 information record occupies in the G2250sector, including the word count. A word countis included for each G2250 record.Mainline Name, two words of blanks in name code format.(blank if mainline program is executed fromworking storage).GCOM, two words in name code format specifyingthe graphic communication control block.Subroutine Name, two words in name codeformat.Subroutine Na mes-1 indicatesword followinglast entrySYSTEM CORE DUMP PROGRAM - PHASE 6If an entry was made to the Skeleton Supervisor at.$Dump, the Skeleton Supervisor writes the contentsof location $CIBA+1 through 4095 on the CIB, thenfetches and transfers control to phase 1 of the CoreImage Loader. If $DMPF (the dump format indicator)is zero or positive, the Core Image Loaderfetches into core storage and transfers control tothe System Core Dump program.The Dump program requires the principal printdevice subroutine. This subroutine is fetched intocore storage by the Dump program itself utilizingSLET information provided by the System Loader.If dump limits are specified, these checks aremade:• If both limits are zero, the lower limit is leftzero and the upper limit is set to core size.• If a limit is larger than core size, the limit issubtracted from the core size and the differenceis used as the limit.• If the lower limit is greater than the upper limit,a wrap-around dump is given. That is, corestorage between the lower limit and the end ofcore storage is dumped, then core storagebetween location 0 and the upper limit is dumped.The lower dump limit is checked to determinewhich, if any, sections of the CIB must be read intothe dump buffer. If any or all of the contents of theCIB are to be dumped, the CIB is read into corestorage in sections; sectors 0-3 constituting section1, sectors 4-7 constituting section 2, and sectors8-12 constituting section 3. Since the first six wordsof core storage were not stored to the CIB, thecontents of the dump buffer are offset by six words.These six words are filled in from words 0-5 in thecase of section 1 and are saved from the end of theprevious section in the cases of sections 2 and 3.Locations greater than 4095 were not stored to theCIB and are dumped from their original locations.If $DUMP contains no return address (i. e. , iszero), the Dump program executes a CALL EXIT.If $DUMP contains a return address (i. e. isnon-zero), the Dump program restores the contentsof core storage in three stages. First, thelocations between $CIBA+1 and the beginning of thedisk I/O subroutine are restored from the CIB.Second, the locations between the beginning of thedisk I/O subroutine and the beginning of the principalprint device subroutine are restored. Third, thelocations between the beginning of the principal printdevice subroutine and location 4095 are restoredfrom the CIB. Control is then returned to the restoredcore load at the location following the dumpparameters.AUXILIARY SUPERVISOR - PHASE 7If an entry was made to the Skeleton Supervisor at$DUMP and $DMPF (the dump format indicator)is negative, phase 1 of the Core Image Loaderfetches into core storage and transfers control tothe Auxiliary Supervisor.The Auxiliary Supervisor has these functions:• It writes dummy monitor control records inthe Supervisor buffer for processing by theMonitor Control Record Analyzer.• It prints error messages for errors detected bythe Core Image Loader.• It aborts a JOB.The Cold Start Program calls the AuxiliarySupervisor with a parameter of minus one (-1). Thisparameter causes the Auxiliary Supervisor to placea dummy JOB monitor control record in the Supervisorbuffer, convert from binary to EBCDIC thecartridge ID of the cartridge from which the coldstart was made and store it in the SupervisorBuffer, set $CTSW non-zero, and executes a CALLEXIT.The ILSO4 subroutine calls the Auxiliary Supervisorwith a parameter of minus two (-2) if aninterrupt occurs from the Keyboard INTERRUPTREQUEST key and the user has not provided a servicingsubroutine for that interrupt. This parametercauses the Auxiliary Supervisor to set $IOCT, $IBSYSection 6. Supervisor 23

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SECTION 7. CORE IMAGE LOADERFLOWCHARTSPhase 1: CIL01Phase 2: CIL02PHASE 1Phase 1 of the Core Image Loader handles the threeentries to the Skeleton Supervisor - LINK, DUMP,and EXIT, The Core Image Loader is assigned thistask in order to minimize transfer time (via CALLLINK) from one link to another.Phase 1 of the Core Image Loader is naturallyrelocatable. It is read into core storage by theSkeleton Supervisor immediately following whicheverdisk I/O subroutine is currently in the ResidentMonitor. (This can be done by the Skeleton Supervisorwith minimal core requirement because theword count and sector address of this phase permanentlyreside at the end of each disk I/0 subroutine.)If the Skeleton Supervisor was entered at$DU1V1P ($RMSW is positive), phase 1 tests$DUMPF, the dump format code indicator. If$DMPF is negative, phase 1 fetches and transferscontrol to the Auxiliary Supervisor. If $DMPF isnot negative, phase 1 fetches and transfers controlto the System Core Dump program.If the Skeleton Supervisor was entered at $ EXIT($RMSW is negative), phase 1 tests $DZIN to determinewhether DISKZ is in the Resident Monitor. IfDISKZ is in the Resident Monitor, phase 1 fetchesand transfers control to the Monitor Control RecordAnalyzer. If DISKZ is not in the Resident Monitor,phase 1 fetches phase 2 of the Core Image Loader.Using phase 2 as a subroutine, phase 1 overlaysDISK1 or DISKN with DISKZ.. Phase 1 then fetchesand transfers control to the Monitor Control RecordAnalyzer.If the Skeleton Supervisor was entered at $LINK($RMSW is zero), phase 1 tests $COMN in COMMAto determine if COMMON was defined by the coreload just terminated. If $COMN is non-zero, phase1 saves Low COMMON on the CIB. (Low COMMONis the lowest 320 words that could have been definedas COMMON by the core load just terminated.)Depending on the disk I/O subroutine currently inthe Resident Monitor, Low COMMON is defined asfollows:Low COMMONDisk I/0 Subroutine Decimal HexadecimalDISKZ 896 - 1215 /0380 - /04BFDISK1 1216 - 1535 /04C0 - /05FFDISKN 1536 - 1855 /0600 - /073FThe area occupied by Low COMMON is used byphase 1 as a disk I/O buffer during the LET/FLETsearch and/or as the area into which phase 2 isfetched when phase 2 is to be used to fetch DISKZ.Once Low COMMON has been saved, or if noCOMMON was defined by the core load just terminated,phase 1 searches LET/FLET for the nameof the program or core load to be executed next.The name of tile link has been saved in $LKNM by theSkeleton Supervisor.If the link is in disk system format (DSF), phase1 saves any COMMON defined below 4096 on theCIB. It then fetches phase 2, uses phase 2 as asubroutine to overlay DISK1 or DISKN with DISKZ,fetches phase 0/1 of the Core Load Builder, andtransfers control to phase 1 of the Core LoadBuilder.If the link is in disk core image format (DCI),phase 1 fetches and transfers control to phase 2 tofetch the link and the required disk I/O subroutine,if necessary, and to transfer control to that link.Special Techniques. Phase 1 of the Core ImageLoader places a disk call subroutine in COMMA at$HASH+8 through $HASH+19. Using this disk callsubroutine, phase 1 is able to overlay itself whenfetching phase 2, the Monitor Control RecordAnalyzer, etc.PHASE 2Phase 2 of the Core Image Loader is naturallyrelocatable. It is read into core storage (by phase1) immediately following the end of phase 1 if it isto be used by phase 1 to fetch DISKZ, or (by eitherphase 1 or the Core Load Builder) following the endof the disk I/O subroutine currently in the ResidentMonitor if it is to fetch and transfer control to acore load. Phase 2 provides two functions: (1)to overlay the disk I/O subroutine currently in theResident Monitor with the requested disk I/O sub-Section 7. Core Image Loader 27

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0 0 0 0COMMA, COMMA, COMMA, COMMA,Skeleton Skeleton Skeleton SkeletonSupervisor Supervisor Supervisor SupervisorDISK1OrDISKNCore ImageLoader,Phase 1LET/FLETBufferLowCOMMONDISK]orDISKNCore ImageLoader,PhaseLET/FLETBufferLowCOMMONCOMMONBelow4096,SavedCOMMONAbove4096,NotSavedprDISKZDISKZCore Load4 Builder,Phase0/1Figure 7. Core Layout on Supervisor at $LINK (Link in Disk SystemFormat)Ahas been saved by phase 1, and the LET/FLETsearch buffer has been allocated. In panel 2, phase2 of the Core Image Loader has been fetched byphase 1; the core image header buffer has beenallocated by phase 2. In panel 3, the disk I/0 subroutinerequired by the program being linked to hasbeen fetched into the Resident Monitor. Panels4, 5, and 6 represent three different cases. Inpanel 4 the program being linked to is a DC[ program,whereas in panels 5 and 6 it is a DSF program.Although the Core Load Builder is calledinto core in the DSF cases, it is not shown herein order to simplify the diagram. In panel 4, theprogram being linked to has been fetched by phase2. In panel 5, COMMON defined by the previouscore load below location 4096, previously savedon the CIB by phase 1 of the Core Image Loader,as well as the program being linked to, has beenfetched by phase 2. In panel 6, the portion ofthe program being linked to that is contained inthe CIB (the portion below location 4096, placedin the CIB by the Core Load Builder) has beenfetched by phase 2.DEBUGGING/ANALYSIS AIDSTo facilitate the finding of errors in and associatedwith the Core Image Loader, NOP instructions havebeen placed at critical locations in the Core ImageLoader; they are: CM000+1, CM118-5, CM180,LD000+1, GETCL, and LD100+8. These NOPs canbe replaced by WAIT instructions so that core dumpscan be taken at various stages during Core ImageLoader execution. An analysis of the core dump(s)may provide enough information to locate the problem.Bear in mind that the Core Image Loader isnaturally relocatable. Thus, all modificationsmade to it must be executable irrespective of corelocation.30

0 0 0 0 0 0COMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorDISKZ DISKZ Required Required Required RequiredDisk I/0 Disk I/0 Disk I/O Disk I/OCore Image Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine///////Loader'Phase 1 Core Image Core ImageLET/FEETLoader,Phase 2Loader,Phase 2BufferLinkCI HeaderThatCoreBufferPortionLowLoadofCOMMONCore LoadLoadedFromC IBLinkCoreLoadCOMMONBelow4096,RestoredCOMMONAbove4095,NotSavedButNotOverlaidThatPortionofCore LoadAbove4095,PlacedInCore ByCore LoadBuilderFigure 8. Core Layout on Supervisor Entry at $LINK (Link in Core Image Format)Section 7. Core Image Loader 31

SECTION 8. CORE LOAD BUILDERFLOWCHARTSPhase 1 (IN): CLBO1Phase 2 (MC): CLB02The Core Load Builder builds a specified mainlineprogram into an executable core load. The mainlineprogram, with its required subroutines (LOCALsand SOCALs included), is converted from disksystem format (DSF) to a format suitable for execution.During the conversion, the Core Load Builderalso builds the core image header record and thetransfer vector. The resulting core load is suitablefor immediate execution or for storing on the disk indisk core image format (DCI) for future execution.GENERAL COMMENTSEach phase of the Core Load Builder has beenbroken up into a series of relatively small, selfcontainedsubroutines. After initialization (phase 1)control remains in the Master Control subroutine,which is a part of phase 2. (The labels in this subroutineall start with "MC". ) In other words, thebasic control logic is found in the Master Controlsubroutine.The labels assigned to constants and work areaswithin subroutines are in the range 900-999. Whenevernoted, even-numbered labels are on evenboundaries, and odd-numbered labels are on oddboundaries. Constants and work areas in RCOM(phase 0) are mnemonic and are arranged in fourgroups, each ordered alphabetically. Double-wordcells are in one group, indexed cells are in a second;constants are in a third; and switches and work areasare in a fourth. The labels of switches are of theform "LSWx", where "x" is a number. The labelsof constants are of the form "Kx", where "x" iseither the number, in decimal, defined in the constantor the four hexadecimal digits defined in theconstant.Patch areas are usually found at the end of a phase.Each one is defined by a BSS followed by a DC.OVERLAY SCHEME AND CORE LAYOUTThe overlays (phases) of the Core Load Builder havebeen organized to allow maximum core storage forthe Load Table while minimizing the flip-flopping ofphases. "Minimizing" here means that, during aone-pass building process (no LOCALs or SOCALs),the phases are executed serially from 1 through 6(excluding 5). During a two-pass building process(LOCALs and/or SOCALs required), there is someflip-flopping of phases 3 and 5.Phase 0 is never overlaid. It contains the subroutinesthat must never be overlaid, as well aswork areas and constants required by more than onesubroutine.Phase 1 is fetched along with phase 0. The onlydifference is that phase 2 overlays phase 1 but not,of course, phase 0. Phases 3, 4, 5, 6, and 12 overlaythe last part of phase 2.Phases 7-10 contain messages. They all requirethat the principal print subroutine be in the databuffer; these phases themselves are executed fromthe LET/FLET search buffer.Phase 11 prints the file map and phase 12 the coremap. Both of these phases require that the principalprint device subroutine be in the LET/FLET searchbuffer. Phase 11 is executed from the data buffer.Figure 9, panel 1 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage after phases 0 and 1 of the Core LoadBuilder have been fetched into core storage by phase1 of the Core Image Loader or the STORE functionof DUP.Figure 9, panel 2 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage after phase 1 has fetched phase 2,overlaying itself. Phase 2 has allocated the areas forthe Load Table and the disk I/O buffers.Figure 9, panel 3 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage after any one of the overlay phaseshas been fetched by phase 2.Phase 1 includes the subroutines called by the initializationsubroutine. In this way, phase 2 can overlayphase 1 completely. Phase 2 includes the subroutinescalled by the relocation subroutine, RL. Theorder of the subroutines in this phase is important.Those that are required only during the relocation ofthe mainline (MV, ML, CK, DC, DF, and FM) comeSection S. Core Load Builder 33

0 U) ®COMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorDISKZ DISKZ DISKZPhase0Phase1Phase0Phase2DiskI/0BuffersLoadTab leThatPortionofCore LoadAbove5056Phase0Phase2Phases3,4,5,6,12,13Phase7,8,9,10,11LoadTableThatPortionofCore LoadAbove5056Figure 9. Core Layout During Core Load Builder Operationlast so that they may be overlaid by phase 3. Phase 3includes the subroutines required to choose a subroutine(as opposed to a mainline) from the Load'Table and relocate it. Phases 4 and 6 round out theone-pass core load building process. Phase 4determines whether or not SOCALs are required,and, if so, whether or not they can be employed tomake the core load fit into core storage. It alsoprocesses ILSs. Phase 6 performs the miscellaneousjobs, such as creating the transfer vector, that canbe done only at the end of the process of building acore load. Phase 5 is executed only during pass 2in a two•pass building process. It organizes theLOCALs and SOCALs for relocation, including theirspecial linkages.DISK BUFFERSThere are three buffers used by the Core LoadBuilder. Each is 320 words long, not counting theword count and sector address, and each has aprimary use, although it may be used temporarilyfor something else. For example, the LET searchbuffer is used primarily to hold a sector of LET/FLET when searching that table. However, it containsone of the message phases (phases 7-10)whenever a message is printed.The data buffer is a buffer for the User Area.The program currently being incorporated into thecore load is read into this buffer, one sector at atime. For example, after a sector of the mainlineis read into this buffer from the User Area orWorking Storage, the relocation of the mainline canbegin. When this sector of the mainline has beenrelocated, another sector (if any) is fetched, andso on until the entire mainline is relocated.The main use of the CIB buffer is to contain theCIB, one sector at a time. For example, if a coreload is to occupy locations 1000 - 1639, then the firstsector of the CIB contains the part of the core loadthat is to occupy 1000 - 1319 and the second sector1320 - 1639. As the core load is built, the LocationAssignment Counter (LAC) reflects the ultimate coreaddress of the data word currently being relocated.In this example, the LAC would start at 1000, thuscausing sector 1 of the CIB to be read into the CIBbuffer. This first word of the core load would beplaced in the first word of the CIB buffer and theLAC advanced by 1. Assuming no data breaks, theLAC will eventually be incremented to 1320. Thenthe contents of the CIB buffer will be written outon sector 1 of the CIB, and sector 2 will replacesector 1 in the CIB buffer. In short, each word ora core load is always transferred to the CIB via theCIB buffer.The data and CIB buffers are combined into asingle 640-word buffer for the purpose of fetchingthe LOCAL, NOCAL, FILES, and G2250 informationfrom the SCRA.CORE IMAGE BUFFER (CIB)The Core Image Buffer is used by the Core LoadBuilder, the Core Image Loader, and the SkeletonSupervisor. The Core Load Builder uses it to storeany part of the core load that is to reside (when the34

core load is executed) below location 4096 if the sizeof core is 4K, otherwise the part of the core loadbelow 5056. The first word of the mainline is storedin the first word of the CIB following the core imageheader, and subsequent words follow similarly. Thus,the mainline must be relocated first, and a subsequentORG that would set the Location AssignmentCounter below its first value is not allowed.LOAD TABLEThe Load Table is used by the Core Load Builderprimarily to tell what subprograms to include in thecore load as well as at what time during the processof core load building to include a given subprogram.Other uses of the table are discussed below. Itexists only during the building of a core load.There is an entry in the Load Table for (1) everyLOCAL/NOCAL entry point specified for a givenmainline and (2) for each subprogram entry pointreferenced in a core load, via CALL or LIBF. Forexample, even though subprogram A is called fivetimes, there is only one entry in the Load Table forA. On the other hand, if A and B are differententry points to the same subprogram and both arereferenced, then there will be an entry for A andanother for B.Each of the Load Table entries is four words inlength. The first entry occupies locations 4086 -4089, the second 4082 - 4085, etc if core size is4K, otherwise locations 5046-5049, 5042-5045, etc.The first two words of each entry contain the name(in name code) of the subprogram that caused theentry to be made. Bit zero of the first word is setif the entry is that of a LOCAL, bit one is set if theentry is that of a CALL. Mainlines and interruptlevel subroutines never appear in the Load Table.Words three and four of each entry are zero whenthe entry is first made. As the relocation of a givensubprogram begins, word three is set with the entrypoint, i.e. , the absolute, address. In this way, theCore Load Builder can tell by looking at its LoadTable entry whether or not a subprogram has beenrelocated and where it has been relocated to.Word four is put to several uses, most of whichinvolve LOCAL processing. The use of this word ata given time is dependent upon the pass (1 or 2) and/or whether the subprogram associated with the LoadTable entry is a LOCAL that was specified in theLOCAL information in the SCRA. As an explanation,suppose that A and B are entry points to thesame subprogram, and A ( but not B) appears inthe LOCAL information in the SCRA. Both A andB can be called in the core load:, in such a caseA is said to be specified and B unspecified. Theseterms are useful in the following context.The values stored in word four at various timesare: (1) the class code (for a non-LOCAL), (2) theaddress of the Flipper Table entry, (3) /008 forevery subroutine called by a LOCAL, (4) the wordcount of a LOCAL, (5) the address of the Load Tableentry for the specified entry point for the LOCALcurrently being relocated, and (6) the address of theLIBF TV that corresponds to the entry in the LoadTable.Since locations 4097-5056 are reserved for theLoad Table (core size greater than 4K) CLB has toread in that part of the core load pr ior to exit toCIL or DUP.EQUAT TABLEThe Equat Table consists of at most ten pairs ofnames of subroutines or names of files defined in aDSA statement. The first name in each pair is thesubroutine or the file to be substituted with thesecond name of each pair. This checking is doneduring relocating of a mainline or its subroutines.Thus no name is added to the Load Table before ithas been checked against the Equat Table.LOCAL, NOCAL, FILES, and G2250 INFORMATIONLOCAL, NOCAL, FILES, and G2250 information isobtained from the Supervisor Control Record Area(SCRA). This information is supplied by the SupervisorControl Record Analyzer (see Section 6:Supervisor) or the STORE CI function of DUP (seeSection 9: Disk Utility Program). For the formatof LOCAL, NOCAL, FILES, and G2250 informationin the SCRA, see Section 6: Supervisor or Section 9:Disk Utility Program.EQUAT information is obtained from the SCRA.This information is supplied by the SupervisorControl Record Processing phase of the Supervisor(see Section 6: Supervisor). For the format ofEQUAT information in the SCRA, see Section 6:Supervisor.ISS TABLEThe ISS Table is used by the Core Load Builder as itconstructs Interrupt Branch Tables for ILSs. Whenthe address to which an ISS is to be relocated becomesavailable, that address is stored in theappropriate entry in the ISS Table. For example, ifan ISS for the 1132 Printer (ISS number 6) is beingrelocated to location /1000, then /1000 is stored inSection 8. Core Load Builder 35

constructed by the Core Load Builder and stored inthe core image header record. When the CoreImage Loader fetches a core load (including the coreimage header), the address of the IBT for level 4is stored in location $IBT4, from which it is accessedby ILSO4, The IBT for ILSO2 is a single word,$IBT2, which contains the address of DZ000+4,regardless of the disk I/0 subroutine present in theResident Monitor. This address is stored in $IBT2by the Core Image Loader as it fetches the requesteddisk I/0 subroutine. The IBTs for the remainingELSs are constructed and stored in the ILSs themselvesby the Core Load Builder.After all subprograms have been relocated, theCore Load Builder constructs the IBTs. The IBTsfor all ILSs except ILSO2 are constructed as describedbelow. Bear in mind that these ILSs arewritten with special constants stored in each IBTentry. These constants, which will be overlaid bythe Core Load Builder, are as follows: The firsteight bits of each constant represent the incrementto be added to the loading address of the correspondingISS to get the address of the interrupt serviceentry point; for IBM-supplied ISSs, this value isfour, except for the "operation complete" entry pointfor the 1442 subroutines, for which the value isseven. The second eight bits are @ISTV plus theISS number; thus, each IBM entry has an identifierto relate it to a specific ISS.The Core Load Builder fetches one word at a timefrom the IBT, e. , one of the special constantsoccupying the IBT locations in the ILS. The secondeight bits of the word fetched are used to computethe address of the ISS Table entry for the ISSnumber indicated. If the ISS Table entry is non-zero,it contains the loading address of the ISS itself,which is then incremented by the value stored in thefirst eight bits of the word fetched. The resultingaddress, which is the address of the interruptservice entry point, replaces the special constantthat supplied the two eight-bit values. If the ISSTable entry is zero, the special constant is replacedwith the address of $STOP, the PROGRAM STOPkey trap in the Skeleton Supervisor. This processof replacing special constants continues until a zerois fetched from the IBT, indicating that the entireIBT has been processed. Except for ILSO4, thiszero is the entry point to the ILS itself.INCORPORATING PROGRAMS INTO THE CORELOADPASS 1The mainline is relocated first. Any calls foundduring this relocation are compared with the EquateTable and if no match is found they are put in theLoad Table, But if a match is found the originalsubroutine name is replaced with the new subroutinename before putting it in the Load Table, Hencethe Load Table will contain the name of subroutinesthat will be loaded rather than the subroutines thatare called, After the mainline has been converted,each subprogram represented in the Load Table isrelocated, generally in the order found in the tableitself. An entry is flagged as having been relocatedby storing the address of the entry point in the thirdword of the entry. Before an entry is relocated,the names of all the entry points to the entry beingconsidered for relocation are compared with thename of each entry preceding it in the Load Table.A match indicates that the current entry is simplyanother entry point to a previously relocated subprogram.Thus, the current entry is not relocated;instead, the absolute address of the entry point isdetermined and stored in the third word of the entryto signify that it has already been relocated.Furthermore, the names of all the entry pointsto the entry being considered for relocation are comparedwith the name in each entry in the Load Tablefollowing it. If a match occurs, the third words ofboth entries are filled in with the absolute addressof the entry point. Thus, the Load Table is scannedforward and backward for other entry points to thesubprogram currently being considered for relocation.PASS 2The Load Table is scanned during pass 2 in the sameway as during pass 1. The only difference is thatsubprograms are relocated in a certain order duringpass 2, thus necessitating multiple passes throughthe Load Table; in fact, one pass is required for eachclass of subprograms. Thus, all the in-cores (class0) are relocated first, followed by LOCALs, subprogramsin SOCAL 1 (class 1), subroutines inSOCAL 2 (class 2), and subroutines in SOCAL 3(class 3), in that order,36

LOCALs AND SOCALsIf during the first pass the Core Load Builder(phase 4) determines that an Assembler core loadwill not fit into core storage even with any LOCALsthat have been specified, the core load buildingprocess is terminated. However, for a FORTRANcore load special overlays (SOCALs) of parts of thecore load will be created during a second pass ifthis will make the core load fit. The decision ofwhether to proceed with a second pass is made afterphase 4 accounts for the sizes of the LOCAL area,if any, the flipper and its table, and each of theSOCALs. If the check shows that SOCAL option 1(SOCAL 1 and SOCAL 2) will be insufficient, thena further check is made for option 2 (all threeSOCALs). If option 2 is still insufficient, processingis terminated; otherwise, a second pass is made.During pass 2, the entire core load is builtagain, but, unlike during pass 1, subprograms arerelocated in a special order. First, the mainlineand the in-core (class 0) subprograms are relocated,followed by: the flipper; the LOCALs, if any; thearithmetic and function (class 1) subprograms; thenon-disk FIO (class 2) subroutines; and, ifnecessary, the disk FIO (class 3) subroutines.The same procedure described above is necessaryif LOCALs are employed without SOCALs. In otherwords, LOCALs, as well as SOCALs, require twopasses.INTERRUPT LEVEL SUBROUTINES (ILSs)After all other subprograms have been relocated,the Interrupt Transfer Vector (ITV) in the coreimage header is scanned. Except for the entriesfor interrupt levels 2 and 4, a non-zero entrycauses the corresponding ILS to be incorporatedinto the core load. (ILSO2 and ILSO4, unlesssupplied by the user, are a part of the ResidentMonitor.) See Interrupt Branch Table, above,for a description of the processing of that part ofan ILS.TRANSFER VECTOR (TV)The transfer vector consists of two parts: theLIBF TV and the CALL TV, The former providesthe linkage to LIBF subprograms, the latter toCALL subprograms. The LIBF TV was created toenable the LIBF statement to require only onestorage location during execution. This is desirablebecause 1130 FORTRAN object code contains a veryhigh percentage of calls to subprograms. Longbranches to those subprograms would greatly increasecore requirements for core loads over amethod that employs short branches. By replacingthe LIBF statement with a short BSI, tag 3, to atransfer vector entry, which could then supply thelong branch to the desired subprogram, this problemis solved. The cost, of course, is that XR3 is takenaway from the user and the transfer vector is limitedto 255 words, This means the LIBF TV has amaximum of 85 3-word entries, two of which becomethe real-number pseudo-accumulator (FAC) and anindicator for certain arithmetic subroutines. Thus,the user is limited to LIBFs to not more than 83separate subprogram entry points per core load.There is no theoretical limit on the number ofCALL entry points per core load, for the CALLstatement is replaced by an indirect BSI to thedesired subprograms. However, the number ofCALL and LIBF references combined must notexceed the capacity of the Load Table, which isapproximately 150 entries.The CALL TV entry is one word only, the addressof the subprogram entry point. This makes it possibleto replace a CALL statement with an indirectBSI to the corresponding CALL TV entry, even thoughthe address of the subprogram itself may not beknown at the time the CALL is processed.When stored on disk in disk core image format(DCI), the LIBF TV follows the last word of the lastsubprogram in the core load. It may leave one wordvacant between it and the CALL TV in order tomake the pseudo-accumulator (FAC) begin on anodd boundary. The CALL TV immediately followsthe indicator entry in the LIBF TV. During executionthe TV extends downward in core storage fromthe lowest-addressed word in COMMON.Whereas the CALL TV entry consists of only oneword (the address of the subprogram), the LIBF TVentry consists of three words. The first is a linkword (initially zero), and the second and third are along BSC to the subprogram entry point.Figure 10 shows the layout of the transfer vectorin core storage.Linkage to LOCALsThe LOCAL/SOCAL flipper (FLIPR) is included in acore load if that core load requires LOCALs and/orSOCALs. The flipper transfers control to a LOCAL,Section 8. Core Load Builder 37

Dummy one - word entry in CALL TV(if necessary) to ensure odd addressfor FACLast Second First Indicators FAC Last Second FirstLIBF LIBF LIBF CA LL CALL CALL151 I- I I I I I I I Jf.48— LowCore tt_HighCoreL_Figure 10. Layout of the Transfer VectorLIBF TV CALL TV COMMONTransfer Vectorfetching it first, if necessary. It does likewise fora SOCAL, except that it is never entered if a subprogramis called that is a part of the SOCAL currentlyin the SOCAL area (see Linkage to the SystemOverlays).The Flipper Table immediately precedes theflipper. It consists of a 6-word entry for each entrypoint specified in the LOCAL information in the SCRA(for a given mainline) that is referenced by a CALLand a 5-word entry for each entry point referenced bya LIBF'. If a subprogram has more than one entrypoint but only one is specified in the LOCAL information(a specified LOCAL), there is a Flipper Tableentry for each entry point referenced in the coreload.The format of a 5-word (LIBF) entry in theFlipper Table is as follows:WordDescription1-2 BSI L FL0003 Word count of the subprogram4 Sector address of the subprogram5 Entry point address in the subprogramThe format of a 6-word (CALL) entry in theFlipper Table is as follows:WordDescription1 Link word2-3 BSI L FLO104 Word count of the subprogram5 Sector address of the subprogram6 Entry point address in the subprogramLinkage to the System Overlays (SOCALs)In order to assure very fast transfer to a subprogramthat is a part of a SOCAL that is in core storage ata given time, special transfer vector entries aremade for SOCAL subprograms. They are differentfrom the standard LIBF and CALL linkages, and theyare different from the linkage to a LOCAL. TheSOCAL transfer time is approximately 20 microseconds,compared to 150-180 microseconds 'to aLOCAL. (Both timings assume a 3.6 microsecondstorage cycle.)Figure 11 shows an entry in the LIBF TV for anin-core subprogram (entry 2) and the special Linkagein the LIBF TV for SOCAL subprograms (entries3-8). Entry 1 is the LIBF TV entry for a SOCALsubprogram. The "disp" is a displacement to thesecond word of the linkage for the SOCAL in whichthe subprogram is found.The example represented in Figure 11 is one thatrequires SOCAL option 2; TV entries 5 and 8 wouldnot appear if option 1 were used. Entry 1 is thelast entry in the LIBF TV, i. e. , the highestaddressedword of the transfer vector. Suppose that(1) a LIBF to FADD were made and (2) SOCAL 1 werenot in core. The LIBF would be a BSI to the firstword of entry 1, which would then BSI to the secondword of entry 3. Entry 3 would MDX to the firstword of entry 6, which would transfer control to theLOCAL/SOCAL flipper subroutine (FLIPR) atFL230, the entry point in FLIPR for fetching thearithmetic subprograms. The flipper would fetchSOCAL 1, change the third word of entry 3 to MDXto *-3, and BSC to the first word of entry 3, whichthen transfers control to FADD. The flipper wouldalso ensure that the third words of entries 4 and 5were both MDX to *-12.38

LOWCORE./‘. BSC L I FL210 I BSS 1 ENTRY 8 - a branch to the entry pointin the flipper for fetching SOCAL 3;an unused wordI BSC L I FL220 BSS 1 ENTRY 7 - a branch to the entry pointin the flipper for fetching SOCAL 2;an unused wordBSC L I FL230 BSS 1 ENTRY 6 - a branch to the entry pointin the flipper for fetching SOCAL Itan unused wordBSC I MDX "-12 I ENTRY 5 - a branch to a subroutine inSOCAL 3 via word 3 of LIBF TVentry; a branch to fetch SOCAL 3the first word of entry 3, followed by a transfer ofcontrol to FADD. The transfer has required only 2short BSIs, a short MDX, and an indirect BSC.The linkage for a CALL to a function is somewhatdifferent from that just described. Suppose that(1) SOCAL option 2 was used and (2) each SOCALconsists of two subprograms, FABS and FSQR beingthe functions in SOCAL 1,Figure 12 shows SOCAL 1, SOCAL 2, and SOCAL3 as they are stored on the disk. The first 2 wordsof each of these SOCALs are the CALL TV forthe subprograms in that SOCAL.A CALL to FSQR, for example, would be anindirect BSI to the second word of whichever SOCALhappened to be in the SOCAL area. If this wereSOCAL 1, control would be immediately transferredto FSQR. Otherwise, control would first be given tothe LOCAL/SOCAL flipper at FL200, the entry pointin FLIPR for fetching the function subprograms.The flipper would fetch SOCAL 1 and re-execute theoriginal CALL to FSQR.I BSC I I I MDX *-12ENTRY 4 - a branch to a subroutine inSOCAL 2 via word 3 of LIBF TVentry; a branch to fetch SOCAL 2I BSC MDX *-12 I ENTRY 3 - a branch to a subroutine inSOCAL 1 via word 3 of LIBF TVentry; a branch to fetch SOCAL 1I DC*I BSC L I FLOAT I ENTRY 2 - a link word; a branch toan in-core subroutine, i.e.,FLOATDEFINE FILE TABLEThe processing of the DEFINE FILE Table normallyconsists of filling in word 5 (the sector address) foreach entry in the DEFINE FILE Table preceding themainline program.However, additional processing is required whena file must be truncated, i.e. , the space availableon the disk is insufficient to store the number ofrecords defined in the file. If the file is in the User /Fixed Area, or if it is the only file in a particularWorking Storage, then the Core Load Builder attemptsto truncate it enough to fit.I DC *-* I BSI 3 disp I DC FADD I \ENTRY 1 - a link word; a branch tothe SOCAL linkage for a subroutinein SOCAL 1; the address of a subroutinein SOCAL I, i.e., FADDHIGHCOREFigure 11. SOCAL Linkage in the LIBF Transfer VectorALL TV for FABS,consisting of theentry point addressof FABSCALL TV for FSQR,consisting of theentry point addressof FSQRL200, the address of FL200the entry point inthe flipper forfetching SOCAL 1Suppose now that FADD were called again beforesome subprogram in either SOCAL 2 or SOCAL 3were called. This time the LIBF would cause aBSI to the first word of entry 1 and then to thesecond word of entry 3, The MDX would then be toFABS FSQR A SubroutinesFunction 'Function I IFigure 12. CALL Transfer Vector for SOCALsSection 8. Core Load Builder 39

First, the entire DEFINE FILE Table is fetchedand stored in the unoccupied area allocated to theLoad Table. If the Core Load Builder determinesthat a file can be truncated, the number of recordsand the disk block count in the appropriate DEFINEFILE Table entry are modified accordingly. Aseach entry is completed, all seven words are relocatedin the same manner as the other words of thecore load.The processing consists of comparing the filenumber of a DEFINE FILE Table entry with each ofthe file numbers in the FILES information in theSCRA, if any. If a match occurs, the name of thedisk area associated with the file number obtainedfrom the FILES information is found in LET/FLET,and the absolute sector address of that disk areais placed in word 5 of the DEFINE FILE Tableentry. If none of the file numbers from the FILESinformation match the file numbers in the DEFINEFILE Table, the file is set up in Working Storage,e. , the relative (to beginning of Working Storage)sector address is stored in the DEFINE FILETable. The sign bit is set to indicate that this isa relative address. In either case, the systemcartridge is assumed unless a cartridge ID hasbeen specified in the FILES information.The format of a DEFINE FILE Table entry is asfollows:SymbolicWord Description Reference1 File number2 Number of records in the file3 Number of words per record4 Address of the associatedvariable5 Sector address of the file;initially zero, filled in bythe Core Load Builder6 Number of records per sector7 Disk block count of the filePHASE DESCRIPTIONSPHASE 0@FLNR@RCCT@WDR C@ASOC@SCAD@RCSC@BCNTPhase 0 always remains in core. It consists of twomain sections, (1) the basic subroutines required byall other phases and (2) the constants and work areasshared by two or more subroutines. The lattersection is known as RCOM.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise phase 0 and the functions they perform.SubroutineLK000LS000FunctionFetch a phaseSearch LET/FLETRH000 Fetch the mainline program headerrecordNW000 Fetch the next word in sequence frofrom the data buffer, reading anew sector when nexessaryBT000 Add an entry to the Load TablePM000 Fetch one of the message phaseand transfer control to itGP000 Read from or write to the diskTL000 Terminate LoadingEX000 Print a message and exitCN000 Test a subroutine name for disk I/OPHASE 1Phase 1 performs the initialization functions thatmust be done prior to the relocation of the mainline.Initialization consists of, principally, fetching DCOMand extracting the parameters stored there that -are needed by the Core Load Builder and fetching themainline leader record and saving the informationtherein.In addition, phase t makes an entry in the LoadTable for each LOCAL, NOCAL and G2250 specifiedin the LOCAL, NOCAL and G2250 information in theSCRA, if any.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise phase t and the functions they perform.Subroutine FunctionIN000 Initialize the Core Load Builder, processthe mainline header process LOCAL,NOCAL and G2250 names from the SCRA.LN000 Enter LOCAL, NOCAL and G2250 namesin the Load Table.PHASE 2After the execution of Phase 1, part of Phase 2remains in core until the core load is completed.Phase 2 contains the Master Control subroutine,the relocati on subroutine, and the transfer subroutine,among others (see below). Master Controlsupplies the basic logic for the Core LoadBuilder. The relocation subroutine supplies the lologic for relocating a program, i. e. , incorporatingrating it into the core load. The transfer subroutineprovides the logic for transferring arelocated word of the core load to the CIB, theCIB buffer, or Working Storage, whichever isappropriate. These three subroutines are basicto the process of building a core load.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise Phase 2 and the functions they perform.40

SubroutineMC000RL000FunctionMaster control for the Core LoadBuilderRelocate a program; convert itfrom disk system format tocore image formatThe data and CIB buffers are combined into asingle 640-word buffer for the purpose of fetchingthe *LOCAL, *NOCAL, *FILES and *G2250 informationfrom the SCRA.40. 1

The transfer subroutine provides the logic for transferringa relocated word of the core load to the CIB,the CIB buffer, or Working Storage, whichever isappropriate. These three subroutines are basic tothe process of building a core load.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise phase 2 and the functions they perform.Subroutine FunctionM C000RL000TS000CQ000TR000XC000DC000MV000ML000CK000DF000FM000PHASE 3Master control for the Core LoadBuilderRelocate a program; convert itfrom disk system format to diskcore image formatProcess the IBTCheck name of subroutines or filesdefined in a DSA statementagainst the Equate Table.Output one data word to core ordiskFill in exit control cells duringpass 2Process DSA statementsOutput the DEFINE FILE TableCheck mainline loading addressfor validityCheck for overlay of core load andCOMMONProcess the DEFINE FILE TableentriesPrint a map of the DEFINE FILETablePhase 3 performs four functions. It checks theinformation in subroutine header records (exceptILSs) and stores it in RCOM. It also ensures thatduring pass 2 the subprograms are relocated byclass, i.e. , class 0 first, LOCALs second, class 1third, class 2 fourth, and class 3 fifth. It comparesthe reference to each subprogram, i.e., CALL orLIBF, with the type (from the program headerrecord). Lastly, as a subprogram is chosen forrelocation, phase 3 checks whether or not it hasalready been relocated under a different name, i. e. ,another entry point.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise phase 3 and the functions they perform.SubroutineFunctionHR000 Process the program headerrecord for subroutines00000 Control the loading of subroutinesby typeTY000 Verify subroutine referencesSV000 Scan Load Table for multiplereferencesPHASE 4Phase 4 performs two functions. It incorporatesILSs into the core load and it determines whether ornot a core load fits in core storage or can be madeto fit with SOCALs by computing the core that canbe saved by employing SOCALs.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise phase 4 and the functions they perform,Subroutine FunctionIL000 Fetch and relocate an ILSET000 Calculate core load sizePHASE 5Phase 5 creates the Flipper Table if LOCALs havebeen specified, sees to it that the flipper is relocated,and provides the logic for building each SOCAL.This phase is flip-flopped with phase 3. It is broughtinto core storage once if there are LOCALs and oncefor each SOCAL, which implies a maximum of fourtimes.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise phase 5 and the functions they perform.Subroutine FunctionPL000PS000FF000Process LOCAL subprogramsProcess SOCAL subprogramsRelocate the LOCAL/SOCALflipper, FLIPRSection 8. Core Load Builder 41

PHASE 6Phase 6 performs several miscellaneous functionsthat must follow the actual building of most of thecore load. The most important of these is the constructionof the transfer vector from the Load Table,Other functions performed in phase 6 are filling inexit control cells and completing the core imageheader.The following is a list of the subroutines thatcomprise phase 6 and the functions they perform,Subroutine FunctionTV000 Build the transfer vectorTP00 ,0 Complete core image header, fillin exit control cells, etc.PHASE 7Phase 7 formats and prints (via the principal printdevice subroutine) all messages from 1100-R10.These messages contain no variables.PHASE 8Phase 8 formats and prints (via the principal printdevice subroutine) all messages from R16-1/23.These messages contain a 5-character name following"R XX".PHASE 9Phase 9 formats and prints (via the principal printdevice subroutine) all messages from 1139-1147.These messages contain a hexadecimal addressfollowing "R XX".PHASE 10Phase 10 formats and prints (via the principal printdevice subroutine) all messages from R64-R68.These messages contain a 5-character name following"R XX".PHASE 11Phase 11 formats and prints (via the principal printdevice subroutine) the files portion of the map. Itis entered only if (1) a map is requested and (2) thereare files defined.PHASE 12Phase 12 formats and prints (via the principal printdevice subroutine) the allocations of core storage.It is entered only if a map is requested.PHASE 13Phase 13 is entered from phase 2 when a GSB, GBE,or GBCE order is encountered. The GSB processingadds the relocation factor to the GSB address to insurethat it is below core location 8192. The GBE and GBCEprocessing enters the name of the external subroutinein the Load Table. The GBE or GBCE order is thenreplaced with a GB or GBC Indirect through the transfervector entry.DEBUGGING/ANALYSIS AIDSStopping the Core Load Builder at the prope r timeis often the key to pinpointing problems in monitorsystem and, in some cases, user programs. Thereare NOP instructions in several critical locations inthe Core Load Builder; they are: LK000+1, PM000+1,IN000+1, MC000, E1000+1, E2000+1, E3000+1, andE4000+1. These NOPs can be replaced by WAITinstructions so that core dumps can be taken atvarious stages of the core load building process.A WAIT replacing the NOP at PM000+1 is often themost useful, for it can be used to stop the Core LoadBuilder just before an error message is printed.Bear in mind that, even though an error is detectedby the Core Load Builder, it may well be due to afailure somewhere else in the monitor system. Themessage printed may not be a very good indication ofthe error; many checks are present in the Core LoadBuilder simply to keep it from destroying itself.For example, a common message is 1116, and thename given in the message may well be somethingthat makes no sense or was not referenced in thecore load. The problem may well be erroneousoutput from the FORTRAN Compiler or AssemblerProgram or a destroyed User Area. In such a casean analysis of the contents of the data buffer BUFLOusually provides the clue to the error.To facilitate path tracing through the Core LoadBuilder, all subroutines in the Core Load Builderare entered with BSI instructions.42

SECTION 9. DISK UTILITY PROGRAM (DUP)FLOWCHARTSCORE STORAGE LAYOUTCCAT: DUP01DCTL: DUP02STORE: D UP03FILEQ: D UPO4-06DDUMP: D UP07 -08DUMPLET: D UP09DELETE: DUP10DEFINE: DUP11DEXIT: DUP12PRE CI: DUP13The Disk Utility Program (DUP) is actually a groupof programs provided by IBM to perform certainfrequently required operations involving the disksuch as storing, moving, deleting, and dumpingdata and/or programs. These operations are called,for the most part, by user-supplied DUP controlrecords.Figure 13 shows the layout of core storage duringDUP operation. Panel 1 shows the overlay schemeused for 4K systems, panel 2 for 8K systems, panel3 for 16K systems, and panel 4 for 32K systems.0 0 0 0COMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorDISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZOverlayAreaOverlayAreaOverlayAreaOverlayAreaDUP OPERATIONSTORE/DUMPBufferSTORE/DUMPBufferSTORE/DUMPBufferSTORE/DUMPBufferWhen DUP is called, the phases CCAT and DUPCOare brought into core storage. CCAT forms the requiredDUP I/O subroutine sets (phases 14, 15, 16)and records them. CCAT also forms the balance ofUPCOR, including CATCO and the principal printdevice subroutine, and is completely overlaid bypart of UPCOR, leaving only the DUPCO part ofphase 1 in core storage as part of UPCOR.Control is passed to REST (of DUPCO) and RESTin turn calls DCTL into core storage.In general, DCTL reads, prints, decodes andchecks the control records, and then calls in the requiredphase to continue processing as the functionrequires.The called phase completes the function, includingthe printing of the terminal message. Controlis then passed to REST (of DUPCO), which restoresCATCO areas to zero as required for initialization,fetches DCTL if it is not already in core (4K system),and branches to DCTL to read the next record.When a monitor control record is read, a CALLEXIT is executed by DEXIT.UPCORPhase DCTL DCTL DCTLUPCORPhaseSTOREPhaseUPCORPhaseSTOREPhaseDUMPPhaseUPCORPhaseFigure 13. Core Layout During Disk Utility Program OperationSection 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 43

DUP CONTROL RECORDSIn the table below, DUP control records are classifiedby type according to the phases required to completetheir processing.TypeSTORESTOREMODSTOREDATASTOREDATACISTORECIDUMPDUMPDATADELETEDEFINE FIXED AREADEFINE VOIDASSEMBLERDEFINE VOID FORTRANDEFINE VOID RPGDUMPLETDUMPFLETDWADRPhases R uiredDCTL, STORE , DUPCODCTL, FILEQ, STORE,DEXIT, Core LoadBuilder, PRECI, DCTL,STORE, DUPCODCTL,DDUMP,DUPCODCTL,DLETE,DUPCODCTL,DFINE,DUPCODCTL,DMPLT,DUPCODCTL,DEXIT,ADRWSProgram, DUPCOLOCATION EQUIVALENCE TABLE (LET)/FIXE:DLOCATION EQUIVALENCE TABLE (FLEDLET is the table through which the sector addressesof programs and data files stored in the User Areamay be found. Each entry in this table consists ofthree words, the first two of which are the programor file name in name code. The third word is thedisk block count of the program or file. Bits 0 and 1.of the first word denote the format of the entry, i. e. ,DSF, DCI, or DDF. The corresponding bit patternsare 00, 10, and 11. The 01 pattern is reserved forfuture use. For a DSF subroutine having multipleentry points, the disk block count is zero for allentry points except the first.Padding is inserted wherever a DCI or DDFentry is preceded by a DSF entry, and is reflectedin LET as if a program called "1DUMY"were stored. That is, each instance of paddinggenerates a 1DUMY entry in LET, and the blockcount for each of these entries is the number ofdisk blocks to the nearest sector boundary (maybe zero). The last entry in LET is always a1DUMY entry that reflects the number of diskblocks from the end of the last program stored inthe User Area to the end of the disk.Each sector of LET contains a header, w'nchoccupies the first five words of the sector. The firstword contains the sector number, which is 0, 1, ,or 7. The second contains the sector address of theUser Area for this cartridge. The third is reservedfor future use. The fourth contains 315 minus threetimes the number of LET entries found in this sector,i.e., the number of words unused (avai.lable) inthis sector. If this is not the last sector of LET onthis cartridge, then the fifth word contains the addressof the next sector of LET. If it is the lastsector of LET and if there is no FLET on this cartridge,this word contains zero; otherwise, it containsthe address of the first sector of FLET. Inother words, this fifth word (chain address) is usedto chain from LET through FLET, sector by sector.Bits 0-3 of the fifth word are always zeros. Notethat, when referring to a dump of LET, the aboveheader words are expressed in hexadecimal.FLET is the table through which the sector addressesof programs and data files stored in theFixed Area may be found. FLET is analogous toLET in the format of its entries and its use by themonitor system programs.LET/FLET is searched by LETSR of DCTL forthe name decoded from DUP control records of theSTORE, DUMP, and DELETE types. The informationrequired by other DUP phases is recorded inCATCO. If a DSF program is being stored, thenLETSR also searches LET/FLET for the secondaryentry point names as well.STORE inserts the required entries into LET/FLET (one entry for each entry point). If a DCIprogram or data file is being stored and paddingis required, then a 1DUMY LET/FLET entry isinserted prior to the named LET/FLET entry. Allsecondary entry points have their entries on thesame sector as the LET/FLET entry for the primaryentry point.44

DUP CONCATENATED COMMUNICATIONSAREA (CATCO)LocationRelative Address(decimal)CATCO contains the following elements:• DCOM values that are read from DCOM andplaced in CATCO by CCAT of DUPCO.• IOAR headers (word counts and sector addresses)required by DUP, furnished to COAT by theSystem Loader, converted by CCAT to two-wordentries each, and placed in DCOM by CCAT ofDUPCO.• Words used only by DUP for switches, smallwork areas, and communications between variousDUP phases.• I/O addresses used by DUP, initialized by CCATof DUPCO.DCOM VALUESDCOM is read from the master cartridge by CCATof DUPCO whenever DUP is called by the MonitorControl Record Analyzer. The following parametersin DOOM are used by DUP:LocationRelative Address(decimal)#ANDU 35#BNDU 40#CBSW 10#CIAD 27#CIBA 60#CIDN 55#CSHN#DBCT906#DCSW 24#ENTY 16#FCNT 7#FHOL 20#FLET 75#FMAT 70#FPAD 45#FRDR 19#FSZE 21#GCNT 30#JBSW 9LCNT 11These parameters are referred to by an index registerthat contains the address of the first word ofDOOM plus the displacement given above.Whenever a parameter in DCOM has been changedby DUP and control is being relinquished to anothermonitor system program, DUP writes the DCOMvalues in CATCO to DCOM on the master cartridgebefore exiting. If a change has been made thatrefers to a satellite cartridge, the DOOM values arealso written to DOOM on the affected cartridge.See the description of DOOM in Section 2. CommunicationAreas for details regarding the aboveparameters.IOAR HEADERSCATCO contains the IOAR header for each phase ofDUP required by other phases during the execution ofthe various DUP functions; they are:Location#MDF1 13#MD F2 14#MPSW 12#NAME 4#NCNT 15#PCID 50#PIOD 25#PPTR 26#RP67 17#SCRA 65#TODR 18#UHOL 22#ULE T 80#US ZE 23#WSCT 85Phase Name Phase NumberDCHDR DCTL 2STHDR STORE 3FLHDR FILEQ 4D MHDR DDUMP 5DLHDR DMPLT 6DTHDR DLETE 7DFHDR D FINE 8DXHDR DEXIT 9UCHDR UPCOR 10Section 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 45

LocationPIHDRSIHDRPTHDRCIHDRPhase NameKFACEC FACEPFACEPRECIPhase Number11121317These headers are initialized by CCAT of DUPCOwhenever the Monitor Control Record Analyzer callsDUP. The contents of these headers are not alteredby any phase of DUP.Each. IOAR header consists of two words, word 1containing the word count and word 2 containing thesector address of a phase. Each pair is aligned onan even boundary.SWITCHESThe following DUP switches are initialized by CCATof DUPCO and not altered by any function of DUP.ADDR2 -- Keyboard interrupt address, to be put inlocation $IREQ by MASK of DUPCO so that duringa masked operation, the Keyboard interrupt isdelayed by DUP until a critical operation iscompleted.KBREQ -- Contents of location $IREQ, saved byCCAT of DUPCO when DUP is given control, andrestored by DEXIT of DUP when leaving DUP.INOUT -- Indicator for the principal I/O devicewhen DUP was called by the Monitor ControlRecord Analyzer.Negative = Paper Tape.Zero = Cards.Positive = Keyboard.PTPON -- A non-zero value if paper tape devices areare present on the system.IBT -- Nine locations containing the interrupt branchtable for level 4, initialized by CCAT of DUPCOand the card and paper tape interface phases.The following locations are used by DUP for internalcommunication, and are initialized to zeroby REST before each DUP control record is processed.ASMSW -- Set non-zero by DFCTL of DCTL when aDEFINE control record indicates that the AssemblerProgram is to be deleted from the mastercartridge. Used by DFINE for functional flowcontrol.BITSW -- Set non-zero by RE015 of DCTL to allowthe MDUMP subroutine in DUPCO to call theSystem Core Dump program while executing variousDUP phases. It is set on the basis of thecontents of column 35 of the DUP control records.This column is not normally used, but it may beused to obtain snap-shot core dumps while performingDUP operations. A zero punched in thiscolumn causes all possible DUP dumps to occur.Other numbers cause core dumps to be takenwhen the phase with the same phase ID is in control(See DUP Diagnostic Aids.).BLKSW -- Set by the DUP I/O interface subroutine(in IOBLK) when reading control records if therecord is neither a monitor control record (//) ora DUP control record (*D or *S). If turned on,DCTL turns it off and returns to the GETHO entryof the DUP I/0 interface subroutine. This permitsDUP to pass non-control records, including blanks,at the maximum rate of 1000 per minute with asingle buffer.CIERR -- Set to a DUP error code for an errordetected by PRECI during a STORECI operation.DCTL checks CIERR when entered from PRECI(CISW is non-zero) and goes to DEXIT thruLEAVE of DUPCO with the specified error code.PRECI cannot go directly to LEAVE because DUPUPCOR may not be in core storage at this timedue to the possibility of being overlaid by the coreload being built.CISW -- Set by DCTL when *STORECI is the functionspecified on the DUP control record. Used byDCTL to detect an entry from PRECI (during a*STORECI function). Used by STORE to determinethe functional path to be used.CLBSW Set non-zero by PRECI. Used by STOREto indicate an entry from PRECI after the CoreLoad Builder has built the core load for theSTORECI function.46

CL1, CL2 -- The addresses of the lower and upperlimits, respectively, of parameters in CATCOto be cleared to zero by REST of DUPCO.CNTNO -- Used by GETBI of the DUP I/O interfacesubroutine (in IOBLK) to record the count ofbinary records being read or punched. Permitschecksum and sequence check operations.DATSW The binary equivalent of the decimalvalue in the count field of the DUP control record.Entered by DACNT of DCTL. A non-zerovalue represents either STOREDATA,DUMPDATA, DEFINE FIXED AREA count, orSTORECI with *FILES, *LOCAL, and *NOCALcontrol records following. Contents are in diskblocks if the input is from disk, records if froman I/0 device. Used by DUMP, STORE, DEFINEand FILEQ as a count; also used to control functionalflow. FILEQ clears DATSW before callingSTORE.DBADR -- Set by LETSR of DCTL to the disk blockaddress of the program represented by the lastLET/FLET entry searched. Used by DUMP andDELETE to indicate the disk block address of thedesired program or data file.DELSW Set by LETSR of DCTL to point to the requiredentry in LET/FLET.minus one word.Actually contains a value somewhere in the bufferLETAR. Used by DMPLT when dumping theentry point(s) or name of a single program. Usedby DELETE to point to an entry in LET/FLETthat is to be deleted. Used by STORE to point toan entry in LET/FLET where the entry point(s)is to be inserted.DFNSW -- Set by DFCTL of DCTL to indicate aDEFINE FIXED AREA operation. Used byFRLAB of DCTL to bypass the decoding of theFROM field.DKSAD -- Set by DUP30 and DUP34 of DUPCO toindicate the sector address (without a logical drivecode) of the current GET or PUT operation.DUMPP -- Two words located on even boundary, setby all DUP phases requiring special monitoringdumps. Used by MDUMP of DUPCO to specifylower and upper limits to be dumped to theprinter.EBCSW -- Set non-zero by DCTL when a STOREDATAor a DUMPDATA control record contains an E incolumn 11. Used by STORE when input data is tobe stored in packed EBCDIC format, i. e. 80 cardcolumns to 40 words, and by DUMP when suchdata is to be converted and dumped to cards orprinter.FRWS -- Set non-zero by SC130 if the FROM fieldis Working Storage. Used by DCTL for functionalflow control and error checking.FXSW -- Set non-zero by SC130 or SC170 of DCTLwhen either the FROM or the TO field, respectively,of the DUP control record specifies theFixed Area or when the control record specifiesDEFINE FIXED AREA. Used by DCTL for errorchecking and functional flow control. Used byDFINE, STORE and DUMP for functional flowcontrol.FORSW -- Set non-zero by DFCTL of DCTL when aDEFINE control record indicates that theFORTRAN Compiler is to be deleted from themaster cartridge. Used by DFINE for functionalflow control.IOSW -- Set non-zero by either SC130 or SC170 ofDCTL when any I/O device is specified in theFROM or TO field of the DUP control record.Used by DCTL for error checking and functionalflow control. Used by DUMP and STORE for functionalflow control.LETSW -- Set positive by LECTL and negative byFLCTL of DCTL. Used by DUMPLET to indicate,respectively, a full LET/FLET dump or a FLETdump only.LSTLF -- Set by LETSR of DCTL to the sector address(with a logical drive code) of the last LET/FLET sector searched. If only one sector wassearched, then the address of that sector isentered in LSTLF. Used by DUMP and DELETEto identify the logical drive required.MODSW -- Set non-zero if STCTL of DCTL detecteda STOREMOD function specified by the DUP controlrecord. Used by STORE for functional flowcontrol.NAMSW -- Set non-zero by LETSR of DCTL when aname is found in LET/FLET that matches the nameSection 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 47

specified on the DUP control record. Used byDCTL for error detection and functional flow control.Used by DUMPLET to indicate that only thespecified LET/FLET entry is to be dumped.NEGSW -- Set non-zero by DFCTL of DCTL when aminus sign is detected in column 31 of a DEFINEFIXED AREA control record. Used by DEFINEto indicate expansion (zero) or contraction (nonzero)of the Fixed Area.PGMHL -- Word count (length) of the program headerin DSF programs. Set by RDHDR of DCTL tothe actual program header length. Used bySTORE to start the placement of the first dataheader in the DSF output. Set by DUMP from theprogram header. Used by STORE to update LETwith the required number of entries.P1442 Set by CCAT of DUPCO to contain the wordcount and sector address of the System 1442 subroutine.Used by DDUMP to read the System1442 subroutine into core when dumping to cards.PHDUP -- Duplicate of $PHSE to permit printedidentification of the DUP phase requesting a coredump.PRPAR -- Two words specifying the default limitsto be dumped by MDUMP. Set by any module ofDUP desiring to use MDUMP for monitoring DUI3'sstatus. Usually set to point at key parametersand work areas.PRSW -- Set non-zero by SC170 of DCTL whenprinting is specified as the desired output on theDUP control record. Used by DCTL for error detectionand by DUMP for functional flow control.PTSW -- Set non-zero by SC130 or SC170 whenpaper tape is specified in the FROM or TO fieldof the DUP control record. Used by DCTL forerror detection and functional flow control. Usedby DUMP for functional flow control.I RPGSW -- See ASMSW and FORSW.SDWDS -- The number of words yet to search in thecurrent LET/FLET sector. Set by LETSR ofDCTL. Used by LETSR of DCTL to test for thesector search complete condition.STCSW -- Set non-zero by ST400 of DCTL when theCI is detected in columns 11 and 12 of theSTOREDATACI control record. Used by STOREfor functional flow control.STSW -- Set non-zero by STCTL of DCTL when aSTORE control record is found. Set by LETSR ofDCTL to the sector address (with a logical drivenumber) of the LET/FLET sector that contains the1DUMY entry that may be replaced by the entryfor the program to be stored. Used by DCTL forfunctional flow control. Used by STORE to holdthe LET/FLET sector address and drive codeprior to inserting the LET/FLET entry for theprogram or data file to be stored.TEMPI, TEMP2 -- Two words, on an even boundary,used by various phases of DUP for miscellaneouspurposes; e. , DUP10 of DUPCO returns fourEBCDIC characters in TEMPI and TEMP2 as theresult of converting from binary to hexadecimalfor purposes of printing.TOWS -- Set non-zero by SC170 if the TO field isWorking Storage. Used by DCTL for error checkingand functional flow control.T3MSW -- Set non-zero by STCTL of DCTL when atype 3 or 4 subroutine contains a SOCAL levelnumber specified on the DUP control record. Usedby STORE to modify the type field in the programheader before storing the subroutine to disk.UASW -- Set non-zero by SC130 or SC170 of DCTLwhen either the FROM or TO field of the DUPcontrol record specifies the User Area. Used byDCTL for error checking and functional flow control.Used by STORE for functional flow control.WSSW -- Set non-zero by SC130 or SC170 of DCTL ifthe FROM or TO field of the DUP control recordspecifies Working Storage. Used by DCTL for errordetection. Used by DUMP and STORE forfunctional flow control.XEQSW -- Set non-zero by PLUS2 of DCTL whencalling in the required DUP phase to indicate thatexecution of that phase is desired rather I,han returningto PLUS2. Set non-zero by any other DUPphase using GET of DUPCO to fetch other phasesfrom the disk that are to be executed immediately.Used by GET of DUPCO to determine whether toreturn to the link address (zero) or to executethe phase just fetched (non-zero).48

The following switches are initialized to zero byCCAT of DUPCO, set by PLUS2 of DCTL, and notreset by REST of DUPCO. These are cleared byDEXIT before UPCOR is saved in preparation tocalling the Core Load Builder. This forces DCTLon return from the Core Load Builder via PRECI tofetch STORE again as it may have been overlaid bythe core load being built.2112 -- Set non-zero by PLUS2 of DCTL when fetchinganother DUP phase. Used by REST ofDUPCO: if zero, DCTL must be fetched fromdisk; if non-zero, DCTL has already beenfetched.PH3 -- Set non-zero by PLUS2 of DCTL when fetchingSTORE. Used by PLUS2 of DCTL: if zero,STORE must be fetched from disk; if non-zero,STORE has already been fetched.2114 -- Set non-zero by PLUS2 of DCTL when fetchingDDUMP. Used by PLUS2 of DCTL: if zero,DDUMP must be fetched from disk; if non-zero,DDUMP has already been fetched.IOREQ -- Set non-zero by PLUS2 of DCTL in caseI/O other than from the specified I/O device isrequired (i.e. , Keyboard input when the DUPoperation is a STORE from cards). Checked byREAD of DCTL, and, if still non-zero, the principalI/O section (DUP phase 14) is brought backinto core storage.I/O ADDRESSESThe following are the I/O addresses required by thevarious DUP phases. They are initialized by CCATof DUPCO when DUP is given control. All exceptTHIS and NEXT remain as initially set. All (exceptSDBUF) contain the address of an I/O buffer inUPCOR. Thus, the locations of the referencedbuffers are dependent on core size; in any case, theyalways reside in the upper 4K of core storage.SDBUF always resides in the first 4K of core storage.CRBUF -- Set to the address of an 81-word bufferused for reading DUP control records in unpackedEBCDIC.HDBUF -- Set to the address of the buffer used forprinting the page heading after each page restoreperformed during any DUP operation. The contentsof this buffer are in packed EBCDIC.IOBLK -- Set to the starting address for the I/0block portion of UPCOR. The I/O block containsone of phases 14, 15, or 16 of DUP.SDBUF -- Set to the address of the 322-word bufferused by the STORE, DDUMP, and DELETE functionsof DUP. This buffer always resides in thefirst 4K of core storage.LETAR -- Set to the address of the 322-word bufferused for the LET/FLET search of DUP. Thisbuffer is also a one-sector buffer, or the secondhalf of a two-sector buffer used in disk I/O operations.PEBUF -- Set to the address of a buffer used forprinting the DUP control records (41 words inpacked EBCDIC) or for printing a LET dump, aFLET dump, a program dump, or a data dump(61 words in packed EBCDIC).THIS -- Set to the address of one of two buffers usedfor double buffering of binary input (see NEXT).The buffer is 81 words long.NEXT -- Set to the address of one of two buffersused for double buffering of binary input (see THIS).The buffer is 81 words long.DUP PHASE DESCRIPTIONSDUP COMMON (DUPCO)• Initializes the I/O phases required by DUP andbuilds the DUP Communications Area (CATCO).• Performs functions commonly required by otherDUP phases.The initialization function of DUPCO is performedby a subroutine known as CCAT. CCAT resides in anarea reserved for the System print subroutine, but isnot overlaid by it until all other initialization has beencompleted. This initialization includes:• Construction of the DUP paper tape I/O phase ifpaper tape is attached. This phase is written toSection 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 49

the disk area reserved for DUP phase 16 atSystem generation time.• Construction of the DUP principal I/0 phase(without Keyboard). This phase is written to thedisk area reserved for DUP phase 15 at Systemgeneration time.• Construction of the DUP principal I/O phase.This phase is written to the disk area reservedfor DUP phase 14. This phase is left in corestorage at IOADR.• Initialization of all I/O-dependent switches inCATCO.• Incorporation of DCOM from the master cartridgeinto CATCO.• Incorporation of IOAR headers (word counts andsector addresses) of other DUP phases intoCATCO. This information is supplied to CCATby the System Loader.• Initialization of DUP's page heading buffer withthe heading contained in sector @HDNG.• Fetching the System device subroutine for theprincipal print device. This subroutine overlaysall but a few words of CCAT. These lastwords are cleared to zero just before branchingto REST.The functions that are common to all DUP phasesare included in the non-overlaid section of DUPCO.These functions are provided by the following subroutines:WRTDC -- This subroutine is used by STORE,DELETE, and DEFINE when it is necessary toupdate DCOM. This includes the updating ofDCOM on any affected satellite cartridge as wellas on the master cartridge.PHIDM -- This subroutine is used to modify thenext-to-high-order hexadecimal digit of $PHSEin COMMA. It is used primarily by DUP's I/Ofunctions to illustrate in a core dump the I/Ooperation last performed. The modifications are:1 Read from disk2 Write to disk4 Convert binary to EBCDIC5 Print terminal messages8 Read cards9 Read paper tapeARead KeyboardPHID -- This subroutine is used to record the phaseID of the phase in execution in $PHSE of COMMA.It is also used by some DUP phases to illustratethe progress of execution from one section of thephase to the next. When used for this purpose,the high-order digit of $PHSE is changed to theappropriate phase section modifier. A core dumpindicates the last section of the phase that wasexecuted.MASK -- This subroutine is used to prevent recognitionof the INTERRUPT REQUEST key. The functionof this key is to terminate the current job,but DUP must not allow this termination to takeplace while in a critical operation. Therefore,functions that affect LET/FLET, the User or FixedArea, the CIB, and DCOM delay its recognition(STORE, DELETE, DEFINE).LEAVE -- This subroutine is used to fetch DUP'sexit phase (DEXIT) to print an error message orservice a special exit, such as an exit to the CoreLoad Builder (STORE CI function), an exit to theADRWS program (DWADR function), or an exit tothe Supervisor following the trapping of a monitorcontrol record.MDUMP -- This subroutine makes selective calls tothe System Core Dump program. See DUI) DiagnosticAids.BINEB -- This subroutine is used to convert binarynumbers to EBCDIC hexadecimal characters. Itis used primarily to convert a number for insertioninto a phase termination message, e. g. ,a cartridge ID, a disk block count.PRINT -- This subroutine is used to print a line onthe principal print device. It interfaces with theSystem principal print device subroutine.PAGE -- This subroutine is used to skip to channel 1and print a page heading if the principal print deviceis the 1132 or 1403 Printer. If the ConsolePrinter is the principal print device, five carriagereturns are executed before the page heading isprinted.SO

LINE -- This subroutine is used to single-space theprincipal print device.REST -- This subroutine is used to chain from oneDUP function to the next. When a function iscompleted without errors, the DUP phase in controlprints its termination message and exits toREST. REST determines whether or not it isnecessary to bring DCTL into core storage (i. e. ,core size is 4K, or DCTL has not yet been loaded),and, if necessary, fetches DCTL. REST thenexits to DCTL.ENTER -- This subroutine is used to save the accumulatorand extension, the overflow and statusindicators, as well as XR1, XR2, and XR3. XR1is then loaded with the address of the CATCOpointer.RTURN -- This subroutine is used to restore thecontents of the accumulator and extension, theoverflow and carry indicators, as well as XR1,XR2, and XR3, as saved by the ENTER subroutine.GET -- This subroutine is used to read the disk usingDISKZ. XR3 points to the IOAR header for thisread when GET is entered, and XR1 contains theaddress of the CATCO pointer.PUT -- This subroutine is used to write to the diskusing DISKZ. XR1 and XR3 are initialized in thesame manner as described for the GET subroutine.Some error checking is done of the wordcount and sector address in the case of GET andPUT. No check is made in GET or PUT as to thevalidity of the logical drive code associated withthe sector address. GET and PUT assume theproper logical drive code has been included withthe sector address.Errors DetectedThe following DUP errors are detected in DUPCO bythe GET and PUT subroutines: D92 and D93.DUP CONTROL (DCTL)• Reads, prints and decodes DUP control records.• Sets switches in CATCO to reflect the parametersspecified on the DUP control record.• Searches LET for the name specified on STORE,DUMP, DUMPLET and DELETE type controlrecords.• Detects errors in the fields of the DUP controlrecords.• Calls into core storage the required DUP phaseand exits to it.DCTL remains in core storage during DUP operationsfor configurations of 8K or larger, except duringSTORECI. DCTL is executed after the RESTfunction of DUPCO for each DUP control record aswell as after PRECI during the processing of aSTORE CI control record.PUP Control (DCTL) may be considered in threelogical parts: the READ subroutine, the DCTL subroutines,and the PLUS2 subroutine.READ SubroutineThis is the entry point into DCTL. It performs thefollowing functions:• Reads and prints DUP control records.• Flushes invalid DUP subjobs.• Checks for a monitor control record and exitswhen one is detected.• Ensures that the required DUP I/O subroutineset is in core storage.• Decodes the function field of the DUP controlrecord into the various DUP types.• Goes to one of the subroutines in the second logicalpart of DCTL to continue the decoding and processingof the specified type of DUP control record asfollows:Control Record Subroutine Called*STORE*DUMP*DUMPDATA*DUMPLET*DUMPFLET*DELETE*DE FINE*DWADRSTCTLDUCTLDACTLLECTLFLCTLDLCTLDFCTLWACTLSection 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 51

DCTL SubroutinesThese subroutines make up the second logical partof DCTL. These subroutines perform the followingfunctions for their particular control record type.• Decode the balance of the Function field asrequired.• Decode the FROM and TO device or area fields.• Decode the Name field and perform a LET/FLETsearch if the name is required.• Decode the Disk I/O subroutine required withSTORECI.• Decode and record the Count field as required.If the operation is a STORECI, FILEQ is broughtinto core storage using the PLUS2 subroutine,• Decode the FROM and TO Cartridge ID fields.• Check the validity of all fields and go to theDEX1T phase if any errors are detected.• Prevent restricted phases from being called inand executed during Temporary mode of operation.• Record all required data in CATCO for use by therequired phase.• Go to the appropriate entry point in the PLUS2subroutine to fetch and transfer control to theDUP phase required to finish the processing ofthe specified DUP subjob.PLUS2 SubroutineThis subroutine is the third logical part of DCTLand is the normal-exit subroutine. The various entrypoints to PLUS2 set up respective IOAR headers thatcause the desired DUP phase to be called into corestorage and executed. This subroutine performs thefollowing functions:• Sets up the IOAR header if the required DUPphase is not already in core storage.• Fetches and/or executes the required DUP phase.Buffers Used By DCTLControl records are read into the area defined byCRBUF and converted to packed EBCDIC in the areadefined by PEBUF. It is from PEBUF that the controlrecord is printed by the principal print device subroutineand from which the various fields are decoded.Binary records read for STORE are placed into thetwo buffers specified by THIS and NEXT in order toprocess secondary entry points that are on the headerrecord.LET/FLET sectors are read one at a time intothe area specified by LETAR to be searched for thename specified on the control record.Errors DetectedThe following DUP errors are detected in DCTL:D01, D02, D03, D05, D06, D12, D13, D14, D15,D16, D17, D18, D19, D20, D21, D22, D23, D24,D25, D26, and D27.STOREThe STORE phase of DUP resides in the DUP phaseoverlay area if the core size is 4K or 8K, (yr. in theoverlay area plus 8K if the core size is 16K or 32K.This phase is read into core storage the first timeDCTL recognizes a STORE control record. It remainsin core storage on a 16K or 32K machine aslong as DUP has control of the system (i. e. must bebrought back into core storage when performing aSTORECI operation).STORE may be considered in seven logical parts,each of the following subroutines constituting onelogical part.ST000 SubroutineThis is the entry point to STORE. It serves as amaster control for STORE, causing various othersections of STORE to be executed as they are requiredfor various STORE operations.52

IOWS SubroutineThis subroutine is executed whenever a STORE operationis from card or paper tape. It provides thefollowing functions:• Reads card or paper tape records punched insystem, data, or core image format.• Moves data from card or paper tape buffer(s) to adisk buffer.• Writes the disk buffer to Working Storage (or tothe User Area or Fixed Area if the operation is aSTOREDATA or STOREDATACI to the UserArea or Fixed Area). If the operation is to WorkingStorage, Working Storage of the cartridge definedas the TO cartridge is used. By default,this is the System Working Storage.• Updates the Working Storage disk block count andformat when operation is to, or through, WorkingStorage.WD000 SubroutineThis subroutine is executed whenever a STORE operation(except STORECI, STOREDATA, orSTOREDATACI from cards or paper tape) is to theUser Area or the Fixed Area. It performs the followingfunctions:• Adjusts the destination User Area or Fixed Areadisk block address to the next sector when not ata sector boundary, if the operation is a STORE-DATA or STOREDATACI.• Makes the required disk block adjustment whenmoving a system format program to the UserArea.• Moves data or a program in Working Storage tothe User Area or the Fixed Area. If the operationis from Working Storage, Working Storageof the cartridge defined as the FROM cartridgeis used. By default, this is the System WorkingStorage. If the operation is a STORE from cardsor paper tape, System Working Storage is used.DOLET SubroutineThis subroutine is executed whenever a STORE operationis to the User Area or Fixed Area (exceptSTOREMOD). It performs the following functions:• Reads the LET or FLET sector to which the entrypoint name (or names) is to be added.• Checks if a 1DUMY padding entry is required beforethe name is entered when storing data or coreimage programs to the User Area.• If a LET sector cannot contain the entry, updatesthe header words of the LET sector and writes thecompleted LET sector to disk.• Enters a name (or names) in a LET or FLET sectorand updates the. "words available" entry inthe header. In the case of a LET sector, theterminal 1DUMY disk block size is decrementedby the number of disk blocks stored.• Decrements the 1DUMY size in the FLET sectorby the number of disk blocks stored. All entriesthat follow this FLET entry are pushed to the rightby the size of one entry (3 words).UPDCM SubroutineThis subroutine is executed whenever the STORE operationis to the User Area (except STOREMOD). Itupdates DOOM as follows:• Clears the Working Storage disk block count(#WSCT) of the TO drive in DOOM to zero.• Puts the disk block address of the end of the UserArea (plus one disk block) into #ANDU in DCOM(in the entry in the drive-dependent parameter forthe cartridge affected by the STORE operation).• Determines if the STORE operation is in Temporarymode; does not put the disk block addressof the end of the User Area into #BNDU of the TOdrive during Temporary mode.• Updates the base file-protection address in DCOM(#FPAD) of the TO drive if the STORE operationis not during Temporary mode.Section 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 53

SNOFF SubroutineFixed Area is the buffer specified by SDBUF. It isone sector long if the core size is 4K; otherwise,This subroutine is executed by all STORE operations. it is seven sectors long.It terminates the STORE function as follows. LET/FLET sectors are read and written one ata time, using the buffer specified by LETAR.• Moves the cartridge ID of the TO drive into the When STORE reads binary records, it reads themSTORE terminal message. into the area specified by THIS and NEXT. If storingfrom cards, double buffering is used; THIS and NEXT• Moves the disk block address where the data or are each considered to be 80 words long. If .storingprogram was stored into the STORE terminal from paper tape, double buffering is not used; THISmessage.and NEXT are considered to be an extended buffer,large enough to contain the maximum length record• Moves the disk block count of the program or data (108 words).into the STORE terminal message.• Uses the PRINT subroutine in DUPCO to printthe terminal message.Errors Detected• Exits to the REST subroutine in DUPCO to clearthe CATCO switches and restore DCTL if it is not The following DUP errors are detected in STORE:in core storage. D30, D31, D33, D90, and D93.ST700 SubroutineThis subroutine is executed when performing aSTOREMOD operation. It performs the followingfunctions:• Computes the location within the User Area orFixed Area sector at which the old version of theprogram begins.• Moves the new version of the program into thebuffer to replace the old version, one word at atime.When an output sector is completed, it is writtento the User Area or Fixed Area. The next User orFixed Area sector is then read into the buffer toallow the word by word replacement to continue.The entire STOREMOD process is under controlof the disk block count. The number of disk blocksreplaced by the new version is determined by thedisk block count of the old version, as found in LET/FLET. STOREMOD does not alter this count.Buffers Used By STOREThe disk buffer used for moving data or programsbetween Working Storage and the User Area or theFILEQThis phase of DUP is read into core storage by DCTLwhen the Count field (27-30) of the STORECI controlrecord is non-zero. The function of FILEQ is toprocess the records following the STORECI controlrecord and place the processed records into theSCRA for use by the Core Load Builder. Four typesof STORECI control records are processed by thisphase; *LOCAL, *NOCAL, *FILES, and G2250.FILEQ consists of the subroutines LC000, FR000,GR200, and LF200.LC000This subroutine processes *LOCAL and *NOCALcontrol records. A mainline name is not specifiedon these records when they follow the STORE CIcontrol record; an error is indicated if one is specified.Thus, the mainline name is set to blanks. Allsubroutine names specified in *LOCAL or *NOCALcontrol records are converted to name code.LOCAL/NOCAL information for the core loadto be built is stored in the SCRA.The format of LOCAL/NOCAL information in theSCRA is shown on page 22.54

FR000This subroutine processes *FILES control records.File numbers are converted to binary. File names,if specified, are converted to name code; if unspecified,the name is set to blanks. Cartridge IDs, ifspecified, are converted to binary; if unspecified,the ID is set to zeros.FILES information for the core load to be builtis stored in the SCRA.The format of FILES information in the SCRA isshown on page 22.GR000This subroutine processes *G2250 records. A mainlinename is not specified on these records when theyfollow the STORE CI control record. An error isindicated if a mainline name is specified. Thus, themainline name is set to blanks. All G2250 subroutinenames determined from G2250 control recordinformation are converted to name code.G2250 information for the core load to be built isstored in sector 6 of the SCRA. The format of G2250information in the SCRA is shown below.Word Count, one word specifying the number of words oneG2250 information record occupies in the G2250sector, including the word count. A word countis included for each G2250 record.Mainline Name, two words of blanks in name code format.GCOM, two words in name code format specifyingthe graphic communication control block.Subroutine Name, two words in name codeformat.Subroutine Na rne-1 indicatesword followinglast entry 1DDUMPThe DDUMP phase of DUP resides in part of thefirst or fifth 4K block of core storage, dependingon whether the core size is 4K, 8K, 16K, or 32K.Only on a 32K machine does the DDUMP phasereside in the fifth 4K block of core storage.This phase is read into core storage whenDCTL recognizes a DUMP control record. Thisphase uses all the subroutines in DUPCO that areneeded, e. g. , disk reading and writing.DD000This is the mainline of the DDUMP phase. Itinitializes the parameters of the subroutines, setsup the IOAR headers for the areas used for input/output, and directs the execution of the subroutines.XG000This subroutine gets the words from the disk and, ifthe program is in DSF, the words are typed as todata, header indicator, or last data word.LF200This subroutine provides the exit for FILEQ. Whenall *LOCAL, *NOCAL, *FILES, and G2250 controlrecords have been processed, DCTL is read intocore storage using the GET subroutine in DUPCOwith the execute switch (XEQSW) set. DCTL beginsthe processing of the header of the mainline programthat is to be stored in core image format.Buffers Used By FILEQSector6II IThe following subroutine names will be entered in the G2250sector of the SCRA if they were specified in the G2250 informationrecord.GCHAR or GUPER, the character stroke table.GSP12, the verification direct entry subroutine.GSP06, the scissoring subroutine.GSP05, the ICA area expansion subroutine.GSP11, the indexed entity scan subroutine.Note: As each subroutine is specified, it will occupy the nextavailable position.The buffer used for writing the processed controlrecords to the SCRA is referred to as SCRAB.SCRAB is another name for BUF7, known indirectlythrough CATCO as SDBUF.Errors DetectedThe following DUP errors are detected in FILEQ:D41, D42, D43, D44, D45, D46, D47, and D48.Section 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 55

XW000This subroutine places the data or program inWorking Storage.XF000This subroutine formats the data into a system ordata record to be punched.XP000This subroutine checksums, unpacks, and punchesthe record formatted by XF000 on either cards orpaper tape as specified.XL000This subroutine prints the data or program on theprincipal print device.XC000This subroutine clears the print area as directedby XL000.XI000This subroutine inserts the data or program wordsinto the print area as directed by XL000.XE000This subroutine converts from packed EBCDIC tocard code and places the data in a buffer for punching.Buffers Used By DDUMPPEBUF 61-word buffer to hold printed output.THIS --- 81-word buffer to read in cards to checkto see if they are blank.NEXT -- 111-word buffer from which the outputis punched.Errors DetectedThe following DUP error is detected in DDUMP: D50.DUMPLET/DUMPFLETThis phase of DUP prints the contents of the LocationEquivalence Table (LET) and/or the Fixed Area LocationEquivalence Table (FLET) in an easily readableformat on the principal print device. The extent ofthe dump depends on the setting of the following threeDUPCO switches:LETSW. When this switch is positive, both LETand FLET are to be dumped; when negative, onlyFLET is dumped.DRIVE. When this switch is negative, LET and/or FLET from all cartridges are dumped; when notnegative, LET and/or FLET is dumped from thecartridge specified only.NAMSW. If this switch is on, only the LET orFLET entry corresponding to the name in #NAMEis printed.One sector of LET/FLET is printed per page.Each sector of LET/FLET dumped is preceded bytwo lines of header information. The first headerline contains the contents of the following locationsfrom COMMA/DCOM: #CIDN, $FPAD, #FPAD,#CIBA, #ULET, and #FLET.Following this line is a second header line thatreflects information concerning the LET/FLETsector being dumped, i. e. , thesector number (SCTR NO.),User Area/Fixed Area (UA/FXA),words available (WORDS AVAIL), andchain address (CHAIN ADR).Following these two header lines are the LET/FLET entries. Twenty-one lines of entries areprinted, made up of five entries per line but sequencedby column.Once LET and/or FLET have been dumped accordingto LETSW, DRIVE, and NAMSW, DUMPLETprints a terminal message and exits to the RESTsubroutine in DUPCO.Buffers Used By DUMPLET/DUMPFLETLETAR -- 322-word buffer to be used to get data PRNTA 61-word buffer in UPCOR used forfrom disk.printing a line.SDBUF -- 320-word buffer to be used to place data LETAR -- 322-word buffer in UPCOR used forin Working Storage.reading a sector of LET/FLET.56

DELETEThe DELETE phase removes programs and datafiles from either the User or Fixed Area, alongwith their corresponding LET/FLET entries.DCTL passes control to DELETE after havingread a DELETE control record and having foundthe specified entry in LET/FLET. This sectorof LET/FLET is left in the buffer LETAR withDELSW pointing to the location previous to thespecified entry. DBADR is set with the User orFixed Area disk block address of the program tobe deleted.DELETE compresses LET/FLET by the numberof words made available by the deleted entry. Ifthe deletion is to be from the Fixed Area, thespecified entry is replaced by a 1DUMY entry ofthe same size. If there are adjacent 1DUMY entries,they are combined to form a single 1DUMYentry and FLET is compressed by 0, 3, or 6 wordsdepending upon whether there are 0, 1, or 2 adjacent1DUMY entries.If the deletion is to be from the User Area, theamount of the compression of LET is dependentupon the number of words made available by thespecified LET entry. This number varies sinceDSF programs with multiple entries may be storedin the User Area. As in the case of FLET, adjacent1DUMY entries may cause additional compressionof 3 or 6 words.The packing of LET/FLET begins in the sectorcontaining the entry to be deleted and continuesthroughout the remainder of LET/FLET. Sincemultiple entries must reside in a single LET sector,they are moved across a LET sector boundary onlywhen room exists in the previous sector for all theentry points. LET is packed until a DCI programor data file is encountered. The 1DUMY entry,whichnormally precedes this entry, is updated to reflectthe number of disk blocks required to make the DCIprogram or data file start at a sector boundary afterit is moved the appropriate number of sectors. Ifa 1DUMY entry did not precede the DCI program ordata file, one of the appropriate size is inserted tosectorize the DCI program or data file. The shrinkageor packing continues until the last 1DUMY entryof LET is found.Packing of the User Area begins with the sectorcontaining the program to be deleted. SubsequentDSF programs are shifted by disk blocks into thearea made available until a DCI program or datafile is encountered. If the User Area is beingpacked by an amount equal to or greater than onesector, the remaining programs are moved bywhole sectors.After all required disk movement of the specifiedDELETE operation is complete, DELETE prints aterminal message to signify completion.Buffers Used By DELETELETAR -- used for storage of LET/FLET sectors.Up to 2 sectors may reside in core storage withthe addresses of the first word of each saved inDE918 and DE919.SDBUF -- used to process the User Area. Two oreight sectors of core storage are used dependingupon core size.Errors DetectedThe following DUP errors are detected in DELETE:D70, D71, and D72.DEFINETo initially provide a Fixed Area on a systemcartridge or to increase its size, the Core ImageBuffer (CIB), LET, and the User Area are movedtoward and partly into Working Storage. WorkingStorage is reduced by the increased size of theFixed Area. The sector address of the CIB isupdated in DCOM and the Resident Image on theupdated system cartridge. If a Fixed Area isdefined on a non-system cartridge, LET is notshifted because it precedes the Fixed Area sectoraddress.To decrease the size of the Fixed Area on asystem cartridge, the Core Image Buffer (CIB),LET, and the User Area are moved away fromWorking Storage and into a part of the existingFixed Area. Working Storage is increased by theamount of the decrease in the size of the Fixed Area.DCOM and the Resident Image on the updatedsystem cartridge are updated with the new sectoraddress of the CIB. If the size of the Fixed Areais decreased on a non-system cartridge, LET is notshifted, as it precedes the Fixed Area sector address.Section 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 57

IITo delete the FORTRAN Compiler, the RPGCompiler and/or the Assembler Program from asystem cartridge, all succeeding programs andspecial purpose areas on the disk are moved awayfrom Working Storage toward the voided area.Working Storage is increased by the size of thevoided program(s).Once a program has been eliminated, it cannotbe restored without an initial load of the disk cartridge,including all the programs in the User orFixed Area.DEFINE determines if a system or non-systemcartridge is being processed by testing DCOM forthe presence of the version and modification levelnumber, which is zero on non-system cartridges.If the FORTRAN Compiler and/or the AssemblerProgram or the RPG Compiler is deleted, all SLETentries for that program(s) are cleared to zero.SLET is also revised to reflect the new sector ad-•dresses of those programs that are shifted.All entries in the Reload Table indicating SLETlookups requested by the deleted program(s) areremoved and the remaining Reload Table entriesare packed together. The revised Reload Table isthen reprocessed to generate new sector addresseswhere necessary in the monitor system programs.Buffers Used By DEFINELETAR -- a disk I/O buffer.SDBUF --- a disk I/O buffer.Switches and IndicatorsFORSW -- non-zero when the FORTRAN Compileris to be deleted.ASMSW -- non-zero when the Assembler Programis to be deleted.FXSW -- non-zero when the Fixed Area is to bedefined or modified.DATSW -- indicates the disk block adjustment ofthe Fixed Area.NEGSW -- non-zero when the Fixed Area is to bedecreased.1 RPGSW — non-zero when the RPG Compileris to be deletedErrors DetectedThe following DUP errors are detected in DEFINE:D15, D70, D80, D81, D82, D83, D84, D85, D86and D87.DEXITThis phase is brought into core storage and executedby the LEAVE subroutine in DUPCO. DEXIT performsthe following functions:• Prints DUP error messages• Traps monitor control records and exits to theSupervisor• Links to the System Library program ADRWSfor DWADR• Passes control to the Core Load Builder forSTORECI• Returns control to MODIF when a modificationincludes changes to the System Library.• Exits to the Supervisor upon recognition of theINTERRUPT REQUEST key interrupt.DEXIT is called with an indirect branch viaLEAVE. Following the branch instruction is aparameter that specifies the function to be performedby DEXIT.If the parameter is a positive integer, DEXITprints a DUP error message. The message printedcorresponds to the integer parameter.If the parameter is zero, DEXIT moves a trappedmonitor control record from the buffer CRBUF tothe Supervisor buffer @SBFR. $CTSW in COMMAis Set to minus one (/FFFF) to indicate to the Supervisorthat the next monitor control record has alreadybeen read.DEXIT checks to see if control should be returnedto the System Maintenance program, MODIF. If#MDF2 in DCOM is non-zero, DEXIT reads DUPphase 18 into core storage and transfers to it. Thisphase contains part of MODIF, written on this sectorwhen MODIF was last in control. In this mannerMODIF is able to use DUP to delete an old versionof a program or subroutine from the System Library,and then use DUP to store the new version.58

If control is not given to MODIF, DEXIT transfersto $EXIT in the Skeleton Supervisor.If the parameter is minus two (-2), the interruptcaused by the INTERRUPT REQUEST key is recognized,causing the Supervisor to read records fromthe principal input device until the next JOB monitorcontrol record is encountered. DEXIT exits via the$DUMP entry point in the Skeleton Supervisor witha dump format code of minus two (-2).If the parameter is minus three (-3), DEXITtransfers control to the Core Load Builder so thatthe DSF program currently in Working Storage canbe converted to core image format for the STORECIoperation. Before DEXIT transfers control to phase0/1 of the Core Load Builder, the area in corestorage bounded by IOADR and the end of core storageis written to DUP phase 13 (UPCOR). DUPphase 17 (PRECI) restores this area to core storageafter the DCI program has been moved to theUser or Fixed Area.If the parameter is minus four (-4), DEXITinitiates a CALL LINK to the System Library programADRWS to complete the DUP DWADR operation.DEXIT enters the Skeleton Supervisor atthe SLINK entry point with the name ADRWS specifiedin name code. The ADRWS program initializesthe Working Storage sector addresses on thecartridge whose logical drive code is found in#TODR in DCOM. ADRWS causes control to bereturned to DUP by placing a dummy DUP monitorcontrol record into the Supervisor buffer (SBFRbefore returning control to the Skeleton Supervisorvia the $EXIT entry point.All DEXIT functions write DUP's DCOM buffer tosector @DCOM on the master cartridge beforeexiting.Buffers Used By DEXITCATCO -- used to write DCOM on sector @DCOM ofthe master cartridge. The buffer size is 112words.IOADR -- used to write UPCOR on DUP phase 13.The buffer size is approximately 1528 words.B -- used to read phase 0/1 of the Core LoadBuilder into core storage. This read is executedfrom core locations 32-39. Approximately480 words are read.@SBFR - /0140 -- used to read the MODIF phase(DUP phase 18) into core storage. This readis executed from core locations $SCAN-$SCAN+7.The number of words read is 320.2501/1442 CARD INTERFACE (CFACE)This phase serves as an interface between DUPprograms and the system device subroutine forcard I/O. CFACE consists of four subroutines;they are listed below along with their primaryfunctions:GETHO -- Reads a card and converts from IBMCard Code to unpacked EBCDIC.GETBI -- Reads a binary card.PACKB Converts from card binary (1 columnper word) to packed binary (4 columns per 3words), with checksumming.PCHBI -- Punches a card from an 80-word buffer.The phase has four entry points, one correspondingto each of the functions listed above. Each subroutineis entered by an indirect BSI instruction tothe symbolic name listed above. Upon entry to eachsubroutine, the registers and status conditions ofthe calling program are saved using the ENTERsubroutine in DUPCO. The PHIDM subroutine inDUPCO records the phase identification of CFACE.Upon completion of the required function andprior to returning to the calling program, the originalconditions of the calling program are restoredusing the RTURN subroutine in DUPCO.GETHOThis subroutine is used by DCTL to read DUP controlrecords. The system device subroutine for the 2501or the 1442 is used to read the card. An 81-wordbuffer specified by CRBUF in CAT CO is used for cardinput. GETIIO examines each card for either // incolumns 1 and 2 or * in column 1. If this informationis not found in the first two columns of the card,the subroutine returns immediately to DCTL. inthis way, invalid records can be bypassed at maximumcard speed without using a double-buffering technique.Section 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 59

If // or * is found in column 1, the subroutineloops till the whole card is read, then converts itfrom IBM Card Code to unpacked EBCDIC usingthe system conversion subroutine CDCNV.GETHO packs the unpacked EBCDIC data fromthe 81-word input buffer to a 41-word packedbuffer specified by :PEBUF.The subroutine then exits to DCTL.GETBIThis subroutine reads a binary card into an 81-wordbuffer specified by THIS. The system device subroutinefor the 2501 or 1442 is used to read the card.PACKBThis subroutine converts card binary (one wordper column) in an 81-word input buffer (NEXT)to packed binary (four columns per three words)in a 55-word output buffer (NEXT). The packeddata overlays the unpacked data.After packing, the checksum of the 54 wordsis verified. If the checksum is correct, the subroutinereturns to the calling program. A checksumerror causes an exit to LEAVE in DUPCOwith an error parameter.PCHBIThis subroutine., using the system device subroutinefor the 1442, punches a card from an 81-wordbuffer specified by NEXT.PEBUF -- 41-word buffer used to hold the packedEBCDIC control record, converted from theunpacked EBCDIC in CRBUF.KEYBOARD INTERFACE (KFACE)KFACE serves as an interface for DUP programswhen the principal input device is the Keyboard.KFACE is used by DCTL to read DUP controlrecords from the Keyboard.The PHIDM subroutine in DUPCO is used torecord the KFACE phase identification. The ENTERsubroutine in DUPCO is used to save the conditionsof the calling program. A control record of up to80 characters is read and converted from Keyboardcode to unpacked EBCDIC by the system devicesubroutine for the Keyboard.An EOF character causes the termination ofinput and the filling of the remainder of the bufferwith blanks or a word count of 80, whicheve:c is first.The record is read into the 81-word buffer specifiedby CRBUF in CATCO in unpacked EBCDIC,then converted to packed EBCDIC and stored in the41-word buffer specified by PEBUF in CATCO. TheRTURN subroutine in DUPCO is used to restore theconditions of the calling program.Buffers Used By KFACECRBUF 81-word input buffer used to hold acontrol record in unpacked EBCDIC.PEBUF 41-word buffer used to hold the packedEBCDIC control record, converted from theunpacked EBCDIC in CRBUF.Buffers Used By CFACETHIS -- 81-word input buffer used by GETBI forreading binary records.NEXT -- 81-word buffer used by PACKB for packingbinary records (4 columns per 3 words).The packed data overlays the unpacked data.Also used by PCHBI for outputting to the punch.CRBUF -- 81-word input buffer used by GETHOfor reading control records in unpackedEBCDIC.1134/1055 PAPER TAPE INTERFACE (PFACE)This phase serves as an interface between DUPprograms and the system device subroutine forpaper tape I/O. PFACE consists of four subroutines;they are listed below along with their primaryfunctions:GETHO -- Reads a paper tape record punched inPTTC/8 code and converts it to both unpackedand packed EBCDIC.GETBI -- Reads a binary paper tape record,60

PACKB -- Converts from unpacked binary (twoframes per word) to packed binary, withchecksumming.PCHBI -- Punches a binary paper tape record.The phase has four entry points, one correspondingto each of the functions listed above.Each subroutine is entered by an indirect BSIinstruction to the symbolic name listed above.Upon entry to each subroutine, the registersand status conditions are saved using the ENTERsubroutine in DUPCO. Another DUPCO subroutine,PHIDM, modifies the phase identificationwith the PFACE identification.Upon completion of the requested function andprior to exiting to the calling program, the originalconditions of the calling program are restoredusing the RTURN subroutine in DUPCO.GETHOThis subroutine is used by DCTL to read DUPcontrol records. The system device subroutinefor the 1134/1055 is used to read the record. An81-word buffer specified by CRBUF in CATCO isused to contain each record read. All conversionfrom PTTC/8 code to EBCDIC is performed bythe system device subroutine. When the controlrecord has been read, it is converted to packedEBCDIC within the 41-word buffer specified byPEBUF in CATCO. The subroutine then exitsto DCTL.GETBIThis subroutine reads a binary paper tape recordinto a 109-word buffer specified by THIS in CATCO.The system device subroutine for the 1134/1055 isused to read the record.Note that THIS and NEXT are reversed for eachrecord read when reading binary cards. Whenreading paper tape DCTL places the address of thebuffer having the lowest core address into THIS,since the reading of binary paper tape recordsrequires an extended buffer. The system devicesubroutine reads each frame (eight bits of data)into one word of the buffer.The word count preceding each binary paper taperecord is punched into a single frame, and is readseparately from the body of the record. After theword count is read, it is checked for validity. If it isvalid, it is used to read the record that follows.If it is not valid, the next frame is read to determineif it is a word count. In this way, deletecharacters and other special codes may appearbetween binary records or between a control recordand the first binary record.PACKBThis subroutine packs the binary record as read byGETBI into normal binary data. The packed dataoverlays the unpacked data.After packing, the checksum of the words readis verified. If the checksum is correct, the subroutinereturns to the calling program. A checksumerror causes an exit to LEAVE in DUPCO withan error parameter.PCHBIThis subroutine uses the system device subroutinefor the 1134/1055 to punch a binary paper taperecord from a 109-word buffer specified by NEXT.Buffers Used By PFACETHIS -- 109-word buffer used by GETBI for readingbinary paper tape records.The two buffers THIS and NEXT, used fordouble buffering when reading binary cards,constitute one extended buffer when readingbinary paper tape records. Double bufferingis not used for binary paper tape records.NEXT -- 109-word buffer used by PCHBI for punchingbinary paper tape records, consisting ofTHIS and NEXT taken as consecutive buffers.CRBUF 81-word input buffer used to hold a controlrecord in unpacked EBCDIC.PEBUF 41-word buffer used to hold the packedEBCDIC control record, converted from theunpacked EBCDIC in CRBUF.Section 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 61

PRECIThis phase is read into core storage by the CoreLoad Builder after a core load has been built fora STORECI function. This phase resides in theDUP overlay area. It moves the core load to theUser Area or Fixed Area before restoring DUPphase 13 (UPCOR). Since UPCOR is not availableto PRECI, copies of the DUPCO subroutines PHID,PIIIDM, GET, and PUT have been incorporatedinto PRECI.PRECI is composed of five sections or logicalparts -- PC000, PC040, PC100, PC180, and PC240.PC000This is the entry point to PRECI from the CoreLoad Builder. DCOM from the master cartridgeis read into PRECI's work area, as is the coreimage header from the CIB. If the inhibit DUPfunction switch ($NDUP) has not been set by theCore Load Builder, PRECI proceeds. Otherwise,the PC240 section is used to exit to DCTL after indicatingan error has occurred.DCOM is used to determine the logical drivecode of the destination drive, as well as the startingsector address to which the program is to bemoved. From the core image header the totallength of the core load in sectors is determined.A check is then made to determine if the programcan be contained in the User Area or Fixed Area.If the core load is too large, the PC240 section isused to exit to DCTL after indicating an error hasoccurred."PC040This section moves LOCAL/SOCAL sectors (ifany) from Working Storage to their position at theend of the core load after it has been moved to theUser Area or Fixed Area. The Working Storagesector address from which the LOCALs/SOCALsare moved includes an adjustment for WorkingStorage files when they are present. LOCALs/SOCALs are moved to the User or Fixed Area onesector at a time. The number of sectors requiredfor Working Storage files and the number of LOCAL/SOCAL sectors are obtained from the core imageheader.PC100This section moves that part of the core load (includingthe core image header) that resides i:a theCIB to its destination in the User Area or FixedArea. The length of the program (in words) andthe starting address of the core load are used tocontrol the number of sectors moved from the CIBto the User Area or Fixed Area. The core imageheader also indicates if the core load exceeds the4K boundary; i. e. , the core load's load addressplus the number of words in the core load producesa number greater than 4095.The core load residing in the CIB is moved tothe User Area or Fixed Area four sectors at a time.This move continues until the CIB sector containingthat part of the core load that resides at location4095 has been moved.PC180This section moves that part of the core load thatresides in core storage above location 4095 to theUser or Fixed Area. The last sector of the coreload written to the User or Fixed Area from theCIB is read into core storage so as to be contiguouswith the part of the core load residing in core, i.e. ,above location 4095. The remainder of the coreload, starting with the first word read into corestorage from the User or Fixed Area, is then writtento the User or Fixed Area, starting at the sectorread into core storage.PC240This section restores DUP phase 13 (UPCOR),DCTL (phase 2), and then exits to DCTL. Beforeexiting to DCTL, however, termination data isplaced in the DCOM buffer in CATCO, and in CATCOitself. The interrupt locations in low core si,orageare restored for DUP operation, and phase switchesare cleared in order to ensure that DDUMP andSTORE are reloaded from disk. If any error s havebeen detected during PRECI operation, the DUPerror message number is communicated back toDCTL through CIERR in CATCO.Buffers Used By PRECIThe disk I/0 buffer used to move all parts of thecore load to the User Area or Fixed Area is located62

at BUF7. All references are direct, rather thanindirect through SDBUF in CATCO, since UPCORis not in core storage during the operation of PRECI.DUP DIAGNOSTIC AIDSGENERALDUP has provided a selective, dynamic dump ofvarious core storage areas to facilitate problemanalysis. The core dumps are under the controlof column as of individual DUP control records.In general, to obtain a dump of a particular DUPphase, column 35 should contain the phase IDnumber of that phase. If column 35 containszero, all DUP phases associated with the functionnamed on the control record yield a core dump,starting with the execution of DCTL. The column35 codes and the corresponding DUP phase yieldingcore dumps are shown below.Code in column 3502345679Phase(s) dumpedAll associated phases, startingwith DCTLDCTLSTOREFILEQDDUMPDUMPLETDELETEDEXITThe core dumps include the following:Disk I/O Areas -- The buffer area used for thedisk I/O operation, including the area intowhich DUP phases are read, is dumped. Thenumber of words dumped is dependent on thenumber of words read or written.Buffer Areas -- The buffers between BUF4 andPRPNT are dumped in DCTL execution. Thisdump occurs when the LET search begins,when the LET search on one cartridge iscomplete and the next cartridge LET searchbegins, and before the required DUP phase(STORE, DUMP, or DELETE) is read.CATCO -- This area of core storage is dumped inconjunction with any dump mentioned above.If a dump (or dumps) is desired during CCATexecution, the next to the last card (i. e. , the lasttype A card) of DUPCO should be removed beforereloading this phase with a System Loader reloadfunction. This change in DUPCO causes all possiblecore dumps within DUP to occur regardless of thecontents of column 35 in any DUP control record.Core dumps are not allowed when the DEFINE orPRECI phase is in execution. The System CoreDump program uses the CIB to save the contents ofcore storage, and, since the CIB moves during aDEFINE operation and the core load to be stored byPRECI is in the CIB, serious errors occur if coredumps are taken when executing either DEFINE orPRECI.PRECIWhen PRECI is entered from the Core Load Builder,the phase identification word in COMMA ($PHSE) isinitially set to /0011 by the PHIDP subroutine inPRECI. As each subroutine of PRECI is executed,$PHSE is modified by PHIDP as follows:Subroutine in execution Contents of $PHSEPC040 /1011PC100 /2011PC180 /3011PC240 /4011In addition, the second hexadecimal digit of $PHSEis modified by the IMP subroutine in PRECI eachtime a disk I/O operation is performed.Digit 2 of $PHSESTOREDisk I/O Operation1 Read from Disk2 Write to DiskWhen STORE is entered from DUP control, thephase identification word in COMMA ($PHSE) isinitially set to /0003 by the PHID subroutine inDUPCO. As each subroutine of STORE is executed,$PHSE is modified by PHID as follows:Section 9. Disk Utility Program (DUP) 63

Subroutine in execution Contents of $PIISE subroutine in DUPCO each time an I/0 operationis performed.POWs /1003WD000 /2003 Digit 2 of $PHSE I/O operationDOLET /3003UPDCM /4003 1 Read from DiskST700 /5003 2 Write to DiskSNOFF /6003 4 Convert Binary to EBCDIC5 Print Terminal MessageIn addition, the second hexadecimal digit of 8 Read Binary Cardsthe phase identification is modified by the PHIDM 9 Read Binary Paper Tape64

SECTION 10. ASSEMBLER PROGRAMFLOWCHARTSGeneral: ASMO1Phase 0: ASMO2Phase 1: ASMO3Phase 1A: ASMO4Phase 2: ASMO5Phase 2A: ASMO6Phase 3: ASMO7Phase 4: ASMO8Phase 5: ASMO9Phase 6: ASM10Phase 7: ASM11Phase 7A: ASM12Phase 8: ASM13Phase 8A: ASM14Phase 9: ASM15-ASM17Phase 10: ASM18Phase 10A: ASM19Phase 11: ASM20Phase 12: ASM21ERMSG: ASM22@ARCV ASM23@APCV:Phase 13:ASM24ASM25 -ASM26The Assembler Program is designed to translate thestatements of a source program written in 1130Assembler Language into a format that may bedumped and/or stored by DUP or executed directlyfrom Working Storage.Basically, the functions of the Assembler are:1. Convert the mnemonic to machine language(except for Assembler control records).2. Assign addresses to statement labels.3. Insert the format and index register bits intothe instruction, if applicable.4. Convert the instruction operands to addressesor data.INTRODUCTIONThe Assembler Program is structurally divided intotwo parts, the resident portion and the overlay portion.The resident portion consists of the AssemblerCommunications Area (ASCOM), part of phase 0,phase 9, and the phase 9 Communications Area(PHSCO). All of the other phases are called intocore storage as overlays.The Assembler Program is functionally dividedinto two parts, pass 1 and pass 2. The source programis read and processed, one statement at atime, during each of the two passes. During pass 1,the source program is read into core storage fromthe principal I/0 device. Unless the user specifiesby control record that two-pass mode is in effect,the source program is stored on the disk, fromwhich it is reentered for pass 2 processing. If twopassmode is specified or required, the source programis reentered via the principal I/O device forpass 2 processing. (If a list deck or paper tapeobject program is desired, the assembly must bemade in two-pass mode.)PROGRAM OPERATIONWhen the Monitor Control Record Analyzer detectsan ASM monitor control record, it reads the firstsector of the Assembler Program (phase 0) intocore storage and transfers control to it.Phase 0 reads into core storage all the subroutinesrequired during assembly processing for I/O,and phase 9. The word counts and sector addressesof all the buffers and major overlay phases are initializedin ASCOM and in phase 9, and the boundaryconditions are set for the Symbol Table. Phase 1is then fetched and control is passed to it.Phase 1 reads and analyzes control records, settingthe appropriate switches in ASCOM for the optionsspecified. Upon detection of the first non-controlrecord, phase 1A is fetched and given control.Phase 1A initializes the core addresses for thebuffers, then fetches and transfers control to phase2 to start statement processing.Statement processing is performed by an op codesearch in phase 9 arid a transfer through a branchtable (that precedes every major overlay) to theoverlay phase currently in core storage. If the requiredoverlay phase is in core storage, executionof the phase proceeds. If it is not in core storage,the branch table causes a return to phase 9 to fetchthe required overlay phase. The op code search isperformed again and control is passed to the overlaySection 10. Assembler Program 65

phase. When the overlay phase completes the necessaryprocessing, another record is read and theentire process is repeated.All overlays exit by branching to either theLDLBL or the PALBL subroutines within phase 9 andthen to STRT9 (the op code search). A branch istaken to LDLBL when the statement just processedis permitted to have a label. A branch is taken toPALBL when a label is not permitted or is to be ignored.Both LDLBL and PALBL branch to theRDCRD subroutine (within phase 9) to read the nextrecord just prior to their return to the overlay phasethat called them.ASSEMBLER COMMUNICATIONS AREAThe Communications Area (ASCOM) consists of allthe indicators and switches referenced by more thanone phase of the Assembler Program. All communicationbetween phases is done through ASCOM.ASCOM resides in core storage following DISKZ andpreceding the Overlay Area.Refer to the program listings for details regardingthe contents of ASCOM.OVERLAY AREAThe Overlay Area is the area in core storage intowhich the statement processing (overlay) phases areloaded as required. Phase 0 is initially loaded intothis area by the Monitor Control Record Analyzer(see Section 6. Supervisor). Phases 1, 1A, and 2are sequentially loaded into this area at the start ofpasses 1 and 2. Phases 2A, 5, 6, 7, 7A, 8, 8A, 13,@ARCV, and @APCV are loaded into, this area duringpasses 1 and 2 as they are required to processspecific mnemonics and constants, to handle outputoptions, etc. Phase 12 is loaded into this area whenthe END statement is encountered in passes 1 and 2.Phase 4 is loaded into this area at the completion ofpass 2. Phases 9, 10, 10A, 11, and ERMSGare not loaded into the Overlay Area.The Overlay Area resides in core storage followingASCOM and preceding phase 9.SYMBOL TABLEAs the source program is read and processed inpass 1, the Symbol Table is built. An entry is madein the Symbol Table for each valid symbol definedin the source program. Each entry in the SymbolTable consists of three words. The first word containsthe value of the symbol. Words 2 and 3 containthe symbol itself in name code. The followingexample shows the conversion of the symbol 'START'to name code for a Symbol Table entry:Symbol Table Entry 2. 2 8 C I 6 6 3..—...—..,..—.....---„—...--,,—.....--,,...—......—,..---.,—,..—/nr--......--^--..10 . 011,010 . 011 , 011 . 010 . 011 , 110 . 010 . 010 , 110 . 111 00 . 111 , 010 .011.11Multiply-defIned indicatorRelocation mode indicatorInput EBCDIC EBCDICChoracter (hexadecimal) (binary)5 E2 11110E3 III/0A C/ 11100D9 11 :01T E3 11,10"Digit I caries depending on the settings of the Relocation mode andMultiply-defIned indicator).The Symbol Table is built starting at the highaddressedend of core storage. Entries are addedto the Symbol Table (see below) until its lower limit,the end of the principal print device subroutine, isreached. If symbols are added to the Symbol Tableafter the in-core Symbol Table has been filled (I. e. ,the lower limit has been reached), the overflowSymbol Table is saved, one sector at a time. inWorking Storage on the disk. Note that SymbolTable overflow is possible only if the Assemblercontrol record *OVERFLOW SECTORS reservingthe required sectors on disk is present in thesource program; otherwise, the assembly is terminatedat the point of Symbol Table overflow.LowCore00100011000110010011Third Entry Second Entry First EntrySymbolValue Symbol NameII---JHigh tCoreAs the source program is again read and processedin pass 2, the Symbol Table is searched eachtime a reference to a symbol is encountered. Thein-core Symbol Table is searched first. If the symbolis not found in the in-core Symbol Table and66

Symbol Table overflow has been written on disk,Phase 10A is fetched into core storage to performthe search of the overflow sectors.A binary search technique is used in the SymbolTable search.INTERMEDIATE I/0During pass 1 of an assembly made in one-passmode the source program statements are saved ondisk for input to pass 2. Each source statement issaved starting at column 21 and ending with therightmost non-blank column. As saved on disk eachstatement consists of a prefix word containing thenumber of words up to and including the prefix wordfor the following statement and the source statementpacked two EBCDIC characters per word.The intermediate I/0 is written on disk in WorkingStorage, starting at the first sector of WorkingStorage if no OVERFLOW SECTORS were specified,or starting at the first sector following the last sectorof Symbol Table overflow.If a LIST Assembler control record is not presentin the source program, comments statements are notsaved in the intermediate I/O.During pass 2 of an assembly in one-pass mode,the intermediate I/O is read into core storage, onesector at a time. The source statements are unpackedand placed into the two I/0 buffers such that they areindistinguishable from statements read from the principalI/0 device.DOUBLE-BUFFERINGAll card, paper tape, or Keyboard input to theAssembler Program is double-buffered, with oneexception; if the assembly is being made in two-passmode and the LIST DECK or LIST DECK E option hasbeen specified, input during pass 2 is single-bufferedto facilitate punching.The Assembler Program uses two 80-word buffersfor double-buffering. While a record is being readinto one buffer, the record in the other buffer is beingconverted and processed.Two locations in ASCOM are used to point to thetwo input buffers. One location (RDBFR) always containsthe address of the buffer in which a record isbeing processed. The other location (RDBFR+1)always contains the address of\the buffer into whicha record is being read. The RDCRD subroutine inphase 9, which interfaces with the principal I/O devicesubroutine, exchanges the buffer addresses inRDBFR and RDBFR+1 after each record is read.PHASE DESCRIPTIONSPHASE 0Phase 0 serves as the Assembler Program's loader.First, the Communications Area (ASCOM) is initializedby phase 0, and the required I/O device subroutinesare fetched into core storage. Phase 9, theresident portion of the Assembler Program, is alsofetched into core storage. Phase 0 initializes thesector addresses and word counts of the variousbuffers utilized by the Assembler Program, and theboundary conditions for the System Symbol Tableare established. Phase 0 then fetches phase 1 intothe overlay area and transfers control to it.The switches $NDUP and $NXEQ (in COMMA) areset non-zero to inhibit program execution and/orDUP functions in the event the assembly is terminatedbefore completion.A Master Overlay Control subroutine (P0130), thesubroutine interfacing with DISKZ (DISK1), and theindex register restoring subroutines (STXRS andLDXRS) are part of phase 0 and remain in corestorage during the entire assembly; the rest of phase0 is overlaid by phase 1. The Master Overlay Controlsubroutine performs the fetching of all the overlayphases and transfers control to the phase just readinto core storage.PHASE 1Phase 1 reads, analyzes, and lists the Assemblercontrol records. As each control record is analyzed,the various options specified by the control recordare indicated in the Assembler Program's CommunicationsArea (ASCOM). When the first non-controltyperecord is encountered, phase 1 transfers to theMaster Overlay Control subroutine to fetch phase 1Aand transfer control to it.PHASE 1APhase 1A determines the address of the DSF bufferand initializes its IOAR header information in theAssembler Program's Communications Area(ASCOM). If the principal input device is either the1134 Paper Tape Reader or the Keyboard, the currentrecord is moved over 20 positions to the rightand the read-in address is set for position 21 of theI/0 area.The number of overflow sectors assigned ischecked for a maximum of 32 and the adjusted WorkingStorage boundary for the disk output of the sourceand object programs is initialized. Phase 1A thentransfers control to the Master Overlay Control subroutineto fetch phase 2, which begins statementprocessing.Section 10. Assembler Program 67

PHASE 2Phase 2 handles the processing of all ENT, ISS,LIBR, ABS, EPR, SPR, ILS, and FILE statements.These statements are header mnemonics and mustappear as the first non-control-type statements ifthey are included in the source program. For tillsreason phase 2 is the first overlay phase loaded intocore storage to begin statement processing. As eachparticular header mnemonic is processed, the necessaryindicators are set in the Assembler Program'sCommunications Area (ASCOM). The ordering andcompatibility of the various header mnemonics ischecked, and the program header record informationis built and saved in ASCOM. When a mnemonic nothandled by phase 2 is detected, control is transferredto the op code search (STRT9) in phase 9.PHASE 2APhase 2A is called into core storage when a FILEstatement is detected by phase 2. Phase 2A is loadedby a flipper routine within phase 2 and overlays partof phase 2. Phase 2A obtains the file informationfrom the FILE statement and builds the 7-wordDEFINE FILE Table. At the completion of phase 2Aprocessing, control is returned to the flipper routinein phase 2. The flipper routine restores the overlaidportion of phase 2 and branches to the op codesearch (STRT9) in phase 9.DCOM of the master cartridge, and DOOM of thecartridge defined to contain System. Working Storageis updated as follows:• The first entry point name of a Type .3, 4, 5, or6 subroutine is placed into the two words specifiedby 4 NAME, in internal 1130 NAME code.• The execution address (or first entry pointaddress) is placed in ENTY.• The length of the program in disk blocks isplaced in one word of the # WSCT quintuplecorresponding to the logical drive that containsSystem Working Storage.• A zero is placed in one word of the # FMATquintuple corresponding to the logical drivethat contains System Working Storage to indicatethat this Working Storage contains DSF.The last record read by the Assembler Program,the record following the END statement, is movedto the Supervisor buffer.In terminating the assembly, phase 4 prints foursign-off messages:PHASE 3Phase 3 is called into core storage as part 1 of theAssembler Program's exit to the Supervisor. Dueto the size of phase 3, it overlays part of phase 9instead of the Overlay Area.The options of printing, punching, or saving theSymbol Table, as requested by the user on Assemblercontrol records, are performed. At the completionof the Symbol Table options processing, phase 4 isfetched into core storage and control is transferredto it.PHASE 4Phase 4 performs the final processing for the AssemblerProgram and is called into core storage byphase 3. If overflow sectors were specified byAssembler control record, and if Symbol Table overflowoccurred in assembling the program, the objectprogram, which is residing on the disk, is movedback to the sector boundary at the start of WorkingStorage.1. The number of errors flagged in the assembly2. The number of symbols defined3. The number of overflow sectors specified4. The number of overflow sectors requiredPhase 4 then exits to the Skeleton Supervisor at the$EXIT entry point.PHASE 5Phase 5 is called into core storage to process HDNG,ORG, BSS, BES, EQU, LIST, EJCT, or SPACstatements, These mnemonics are all non•imperativetype statements requiring similar processing andare all grouped, therefore, in the same overlayphase.68

PHASE 6Phase 6 processes all imperative instructions andthe DC statement. Since these mnemonics are usedmost frequently, the processing for them wasgrouped into one overlay phase.PHASE 7The two mnemonics processed by phase 7 areXFLC and DEC. The conversion of the data in thestatement operands to binary is handled in phase7A. Upon completion of the conversion, the data isformatted into the appropriate floating, fixed, ordecimal format.PHASE 7APhase 7A is fetched into core storage by a flipperroutine within phase 7. Phase 7A converts the mantissaof a decimal integer, a fixed- or floating-pointnumber to the binary equivalent.Phase 7A contains a scanning process that convertsthe operand to its binary equivalent and a postscanningprocess that converts from powers of 10to powers of 2.The converted decimal data is saved in a bufferthat is part of the flipper routine. When the conversionis completed, phase 7A returns to the flipperroutine that restores phase 7 and transfers controlto it.PHASE 8Phase 8 processes the LIBF, CALL, EXIT, LINK,EBC, DSA, and DN statements. The processing ofthe program linking mnemonics -- LIBF, CALL,EXIT and LINK -- is combined with the processingof the data definition mnemonics -- EBC, DSA, andDN -- since otherwise they would constitute twosmall phases. This is satisfactory in terms ofassembly time since EBC, DSA, and DN are notfrequently used mnemonics.PHASE 8APhase 8A processes the DMES statement. The DMESprocessing is performed by a scanning subroutine anda conversion subroutine. The scanning subroutinescans and evaluates the operand field, one characterat a time. The conversion subroutine contains atable of packed Console Printer codes and a table ofpacked 1403 Printer codes. The conversion is performedusing an algorithm.PHASE 9The phase 9 communications area (PHSCO) consistsof the entry addresses of the common subroutineswithin phase 9. Immediately following PHSCO is theop code search.STRT9The op code obtained from the input record is savedin ASCOM. All possible op codes are resident in atable, which has for each op code a two-word indicatorfollowed by a corresponding one-word machinelanguage mnemonic. The op code search is performedby means of a table lookup. When a matchis found, the corresponding machine languagemnemonic is picked up and saved in OPCNT inASCOM. Bits 13-15 of OPCNT form a branch tabledisplacement. Using this displacement, an indirectbranch is taken thru the table to the overlay preparedto process this op code. If the overlay is in corestorage, execution proceeds. If it is not, a returnis made to the op code search to fetch the requiredoverlay phase into core storage. Control is thenpassed to the overlay and statement processingcontinues.If the search is terminated due to an invalid opcode, it is determined whether the graphics phaseis in core. If it is in core, control is passed to it,otherwise the instruction is processed as an invalidop code.BTHEXBTHEX is a binary-hexadecimal conversion subroutine.The binary data is entered in the accumulatorleft-justified, and the hexadecimal output is storedby index register 1. The number of characters to beconverted is in index register 2.B4HEXThe B4HEX subroutine is entered when four hexadecimaloutput characters are desired. Index register 2is set to four and a branch is made to BTHEX.Section 10. Assembler Program 69

SCANThe SCAN subroutine collects the elements of theoperand field, character by character, performsany arithmetic functions necessary, and evaluatesthe operand.GTHDGGTHDG is the new page subroutine. Branches aremade to the principal print subroutine to skip tochannel 1, and print the heading as specified in thelast HDNG statement encountered.LDLBLThe LDLBL subroutine scans the label field of thestatement. In pass 1, valid labels are added to theSymbol Table if they do not already appear there.The record is saved in the intermediate output bufferby INT1 and a branch is made to read the next record(RDCRD). When the next record is in core, a checkis made for the last card. If the last card has beendetected, a branch is made to the principal conversionroutine (CVADR), and control is returned tothe calling program.In pass 2, the record is listed, if a listing hasbeen requested or the record is in error. The nextrecord is fetched and control is returned to thecalling program.PALBLThe PALBL subroutine is a secondary entry to theLDLBL subroutine. PALBL is entered when a labelis not permitted on a statement being processed.GETERA branch is made to GETER when an error occursduring the assembly. GETER fetches the error messagephase (ERMSG) into the first disk buffer (BUFI).RDCRDRDCRD is the interface subroutine for the principalinput device subroutine. The input buffer is clearedto EBCDIC blanks, the input buffer addresses inASCOM are exchanged, and a branch is made to theprincipal input device subroutine to read a record.Index register 1 is set to point at the current inputbuffer and control is transferred back to the callingprogram.If the record previously read was a monitor controlrecord, phase 4 is fetched into core storage andcontrol is transferred to it.P9MVEThe P9MVE subroutine moves the input record fromthe input buffer to the print buffer. As it moves therecord, each character is checked for validity. Atthe completion of the move, a branch is made to theprincipal print device subroutine to list the cecordand control is returned to the calling program.INT1INT1 is the subroutine used in pass 1 to pack the inputrecord into two EBCDIC characters per word andsave it in the intermediate output buffer. INT1 isoverlaid by phase 11 for pass 2 processing. INT2 isthe entry address for phase 11 during pass 2.PHASE 10Phase 10 consists of two subroutines: DTHDR andWRDFO. Phase 10 is fetched by phase 12 in pass 2processing. Phase 10 overlays that section of phase9 dealing with the inserting of labels into the SymbolTable.DTHDRDTHDR enters a data header into the object programoutput in disk system format (DSF) when required andcompletes the previous data header.WRDFOThis subroutine writes one sector of disk system format(DSF) output when the DSF buffer is full. After thesector is written, those words past the 320th word ofthe buffer are moved back to the beginning a the buffer.70

In the event the buffer is not full and WRDFO isentered from phase 12 END statement processing,the DSF buffer is written to Working Storage.PHASE 10APhase 10A is fetched into core storage whenevernecessary to handle Symbol Table overflow. When asymbol is to be added to an overflow sector in pass 1or when the overflow sectors are to be searchedfor a symbol in pass 2, phase 10A is called. Phase10A overlays the INT1 subroutine in phase 9 whencalled during pass 1; it overlays phase 11 (the INT2subroutine) when called in pass 2 of an assembly inone-pass mode.PHASE 11Phase 11 is fetched into core storage in pass 1 duringphase 12 END statement processing if the assemblyis in one-pass mode. The function of phase 11 is toread the source statements from the disk duringpass 2. The source statements saved in pass 1 areread back onto core storage in pass 2 in such a waythat they are indistinguishable from statements readfrom the principal I/0 device.PHASE 12In pass 1, phase 12 builds the program header recordin the DSF buffer. Several counters are reinitializedin ASCOM and the buffer pointers are reset for disksystem format (DSF) output. Phase 10 is fetchedinto core storage.If the assembly is in two-pass mode, phase 1 isfetched and control is passed to it. If the assemblyis in one-pass mode, the END statement is saved inthe intermediate I/O buffer and the buffer is writtento the disk. Phase 11 is fetched into core storageand the first sector of intermediate I/O is read intothe first disk buffer (BUFI). A branch is then madeto phase 11 to transfer the first statement from theintermediate I/0 buffer to the source input buffer.Phase 1 is then fetched onto core storage and controlis transferred to it.In pass 2, phase 12 branches to DTHDR to buildthe end-of-program data header. If the source programis a type 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 (not a mainline), anexecution address of zero is saved in ASCOM and inthe source statement buffer. If the source programis a type 1 or 2 (a mainline), the execution address,e. , the END statement operand, is saved inASCOM and in the source statement buffer. The lastsector of DSF output is written to the disk and thedisk block count of the program is saved in ASCOM.Phase 12 then fetches phase 3 and transfers controlto it.PHASE 13Phase 13 searches the master graphics op code tableto determine if the mnemonic in the current inputrecord is a valid 2250 mnemonic. If the mnemonicis not in the op code table, control passes to Phase 9to post the error code for an invalid mnemonic.When a 2250 mnemonic is found, a branch is made toG4040.G4040 determines if the Assembler is in pass 1or pass 2. During pass 1 the Location AssignmentCounter (LAC) is incremented by 1 or 2, dependingupon whether a 1- or 2-word order is being processed.During pass 2 a branch is made to G4070 whichcauses a branch to be made to the address containedin the fourth word of the op code table entry. Thisis the address of the section that will process theorder.The format, tag, and operand fields of the orderare tested. Control passes to the SCAN routine inphase 9 to evaluate any orders which containoperands. When control returns, the operands aretested to determine whether they are valid. If anerror is encountered, control passes to ERFLG topost the error. The operand is put in the op codebuffer and a branch is made to G4090 to transferthe contents of the op code buffer to the Disk SystemFormat (DSF) buffer. G4090 passes control toB4HEX in Phase 9 to convert the contents of theop code buffer from binary to 4 hexadecimal characters.When control returns it passes to DFOUTwhich moves the word to the DSF buffer. The LACis incremented by one and the op code buffer is setto zero. Control passes to LDLBL to access thenext record.ERMSGERMSG is called by the GETER subroutine withinphase 9 when an error occurs during the assemblyprocess. It is loaded into the first disk buffer (BUFI).A list of error messages is contained within ERMSG.Section 10. Assembler Program 71

Figure 14, panel 3 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during pass 2 of an assemblyin two-pass mode.Figure 14, panel 4 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during pass 2 of an assemblyin one-pass mode.0 0COMMA, COMMA, COMMA, COMMA, COMMA, COMMA,Skeleton Skeleton Skeleton Skeleton Skeleton SkeletonSupervisor Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor SupervisorDISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZre AASCOM ASCOM ASCOM ASCOM ASCOMResident Resident Resident Resident ResidentPhase Phase 0 Phase 0 Phase 0 Phase 0 Phase 00Overlay Overlay Overlay Overlay OverlayArea Area Area Area Area/ Phase Phase Phase Phase Phase9 9 9 9 9Phase 10 Phase 10 Phase 10IN T1 Phase WA IN TI Phase 11 Phase 10AHDNG HDNG HDNGBuffer Buffer BufferCard I/O Card I/O Card I/O Card I/O Card I/OBuffers Buffers Buffers Buffers BuffersPrint Print Print Print PrintBuffer Buffer Buffer Buffer BufferDisk I/O Disk I/O Disk I/O Disk I/O Disk I/OBuffer Buffer Buffer Buffer 1 Buffer 1PrincipalI/O DeviceSubroutinePrincipalI/O DeviceSubroutinePrincipalI/O DeviceSubroutineDisk I/0Buffer 2Disk I/0Buffer 2Principal Principal Principal Principal PrincipalPrint Device Print Device Print Device Print Device Print DeviceSubroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine SubroutineS. T. S. T. S. T. S. T. S. T.Overflow Overflow Overflow Overflow Overflow/Buffer Buffer Buffer Buffer Buffer_________-------_—_—___-----/Symbol Symbol SymbolSymbolSymbolTable Table Table Table TableAFigure 14. Core Layout During Assembler Program Operation72

SECTION 11. FORTRAN COMPILERFLOWCHARTSGeneral: FOR01Phase 1: FOR02Phase 2: FOR03Phase 3: FOR04Phase 4: FOR05-FOR06Phase 5: FOR07-FOR08Phase 6: FOR09Phase 7: FOR10Phase 8: FOR11Phase 9: FOR12Phase 10: FOR13Phase 11: FOR14Phase 12: FOR15Phase 13: FOR16Phase 14: FOR17Phase 15: FOR18Phase 16: FOR19Phase 17: FOR20Phase 18: FOR21Phase 19: FOR22Phase 20: FOR23Phase 21: FOR24Phase 22: FOR25Phase 23: FOR26Phase 24: FOR27Phase 25: FOR28Phase 26: FOR29Phase 27: FOR30The FORTRAN Compiler translates source programswritten in the 1130 Basic FORTRAN IV Language intomachine language object programs. The compileralso provides for the calling of the necessary arithmetic,function, conversion, and input/output subroutinesduring the execution of the object program.Phases 3 thru 10 are specification phases, processingthe specification statements and other definitiveinformation and building the basic SymbolTable.Phases 11 thru 18 are compilation phases, analyzingand processing the source statements and replacingthem with object coding.Phases 19 thru 26 are the output phases.Phase 27 is a recovery phase, terminating the compilationand executing a CALL EXIT.Thus, the FORTRAN Compiler is a "phase"compiler; the compiler is passed-by the sourceprogram, which resides in core and is massagedinto the object program.PHASE OBJECTIVESThe following is a list of the compiler phases bynumber and name, and their major functions:PhaseNumber Phase Name1 Input2 ClassifierFunctionProcess the controlrecords; read thesource statementsand build the string.Determine the statementtype and placethe type code in theID word.GENERAL COMPILER DESCRIPTIONThe FORTRAN Compiler consists of 27 sequentiallyexecuted phases:Phases 1 and 2 are initialization and control phases,processing the control records and building theinitial statement string.3 Check Order/StatementNumberCheck for the presenceand sequence ofSUBROUTINE,FUNCTION, Type,DIMENSION, COMMON,and EQUIVALENCEstatements; placestatement numbers inthe SymbolTable.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 73

PhaseNumber Phase NameFunctionPhaseNumber Phase Name Function4 COMMON/SUB-ROUTINE orFUNCTIONPlace COMMON variablenames and dimension informationin the SymbolTable; check for aSUBROUTINE or FUNC-TION statement and, iffound, place the nameand dummy argumentnames in the SymbolTable.11 SubscriptDecomposition12 Ascan ICalculate the constantsto be used in subscriptcalculation during executionof the objectprogram.Check the syntax of allarithmetic, IF, CALL,and statement functionstatements.5 DIMENSION/ Place DIMENSION var-REAL, INTEGER, iable names and dimenandEXTERNAL sion information in theSymbol Table; indicatethe appropriate modefor REAL and INTEGERstatement variables.6 Real Constant7 DEFINE FILE,CALL LINK,and CALL EXIT8 Variable andStatementFunction9 DATA Statement10 FORMATPlace the names of realconstants in the SymbolTable.Check the syntax ofDEFINE FILE, CALLLINK, CALL EXITstatements; determinethe defined file specifications.Place the names ofvariables, integer constants,and statementfunction parameters inthe Symbol Table.Check the syntax of theDATA statement, checkits variables for validity,and reformat the statement.Convert FORMATstatements into a specialform for use by theinput/output subroutinesduring execution of theobject program.13 Ascan14 DO, CONTINUE,etc.15 SubscriptOptimize16 Scan17 Expander I18 ExpanderCheck the syntax of allREAD, WRITE, FIND,and GO TO statements.Replace DO statementswith a loop initializationstatement and inserta DO test statementfollowing the DOloop termination statement;process BACK-SPACE, REWIND,END FILE, STOP,PAUSE, and ENDstatements.Replace subscriptexpressions with anindex register tag.Change all READ,WRITE, GO TO,CALL, IF, arithmetic,and statement functionstatements into a modifiedform of Polishnotation.Replace READ, WRITE,GO TO, and RETURNstatements with objectcoding.Replace CALL,, IF,arithmetic, and statement function statementswith object coding.74

PhaseNumber Phase Name19 Data Allocation20 CompilationErrors21 StatementAllocation22 List StatementAllocation23 List SymbolTable24 List Constants25 Output I26 Output It27 RecoveryFunctionAllocate a storage areafor variables in theobject program.List unreferencedstatement numbers,undefined variables,and error codes forerroneous statements.Determine the storageallocation for the objectprogram coding.List the statementnumber addresses,if requested.List the subprogramnames in the SymbolTable and the SystemLibrary subroutinenames in the string,if requested.Compute the addressesof the constants; listthe addresses, ifrequested.Build the programheader and data headerrecords and place themin Working Storage;place the real and integerconstants intoWorking Storage.Complete the conversionof the string toobject coding and placethe object program intoWorking Storage.Print the compilationtermination message;exit by executing aCALL EXIT.CORE LAYOUTFigure 15, panel 1 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage after the Monitor Control RecordAnalyzer has fetched phase 1 of the FORTRANCompiler into core storage and has passed controlto the control record analyzer portion. The principalprint and principal input device subroutineshave been fetched by phase 1. The card input andprint buffers have been allocated by phase 1.Figure 15, panel 2 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage after the control record analyzerportion of phase 1 has passed control to thestatement input portion. The control record analyzerportion of the phase is overlaid by the inputstatement string.Figure 15, panel 3 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during the execution ofphases 2 through 18. During these phases the boundaryseparating the statement string and SymbolTable fluctuates as the string and Symbol Tableare massaged.Figure 15, panels 4 and 5 show the layout ofthe contents of core storage during the executionof phases 19 through 24. Panel 4 reflects thecontents of core storage before any printing hasbeen performed in those phases. In panel 5 thelower-addressed portion of these phases has beenoverlaid by the print buffer when printing hasbeen performed.Figure 15, panels 6 and 7 show the layout ofthe contents of core storage during the executionof phase 25. Panel 6 reflects the contents ofcore storage before any object coding has beengenerated and written to disk. In panel 7 thelower-addressed portion of the phase has beenoverlaid by the disk output buffer when objectcoding has been generated and written to disk.Figure 15, panel 8 shows the layout of thecontents of core storage after control has beenpassed to phase 26. The disk buffer has beenallocated by phase 26 and is not an overlay.Figure 15, panel 9 shows the layout of thecontents of core storage after control has beenpassed to phase 27. The principal print devicesubroutine has been fetched by the phase. TheDCOM buffer has also been allocated by thephase.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 75

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0COMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorDISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ/./7 DCOMBufferStatement Statement Statement Statement Statement Statement StatementString String String StringStringStringStringA/Phase 1,ControlRecordAnalyzerPortionPrintPrintBuffer Buffer Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol SymbolTable Table Table Table Tab le TablePrimaryCard BufferCaPrrid BufferFORTRAN FORTRAN FORTRAN FORTRAN FORTRAN FORTRAN FORTRAN FORTRANCommunications Communications Communications Communications Communications Communications Communications CommunicationsArea Area Area Area Area Area Area AreaPrincipal Principal Print Disk DiskInput Device Input DeviceBuffer Buffer BufferSubroutine SubroutineSecondary Cord Phases PhasesCard Buffer Buffer 19-24 19-24Phase 1,StatementInputPortionPhase 1,StatementInputPortionPhases2-18Phase25Phase25Phase26Phase27// ///,Principal Principal Principal Principal PrincipalPrint Device Print Device Print Device Print Device Print DeviceSubroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine SubroutineROL ROL ROL ROL ROL ROL ROL ROLSubroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine Subroutine//// __LFigure 15. Core Layout During FORTRAN Compiler OperationFORTRAN COMMUNICATIONS AREAThe FORTRAN Communications Area consistsof 16 words of storage where information obtainedfrom the FORTRAN control records and compilergeneratedaddresses and indicators are kept.This information is available to any phase needingit. The contents of the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea words are described in Table 3.76

Table 3. The Contents of the FORTRAN Communications AreaPHASE AREAWord Symbolic Name Description of Contents1 ORG The origin address for an absolute program.2 SOFS The address of the start of the string.3 EOFS The address of the end of the string.4 SOFST The address of the start of the Symbol Table.5 SOFNS The address of the start of the nonstatement-numberentries in the SymbolTable.6 SOFXT Phases 1-20. The address of the start ofthe Symbol Table entries for SGTs (subscriptgeneratedtemporary variables).Phases 21-25. The work area word count.7 SOFGT Phases 1-20. The address of the start ofthe Symbol Table entries for GTs (generatedtemporary storage locations).Phases 21-25. The constant area wordcount.8 EOFST The address of the end of the Symbol Table.9 COMON Phases 1-19. The address of the nextavailable word for COMMON storage.Phase 20. The address of the highestaddressedword reserved for COMMONstorage.Phase 21. Not used.Phases 22-25. Relative entry point.10 CSIZE All phases except Phase 20. TheCOMMON area word count.11ERRORPhase 20. The address of the lowestaddressedword reserved for COMMONstorage.Bit 15 set to 1 indicates overlap error.Bit 14 set to 1 indicates other error.12-13 FNAME The program name (obtained from the NAMEcontrol record, or a SUBROUTINE orFUNCTION statement) stored in name code.14 SORF Set positive to indicate FUNCTION.Set negative to indicate SUBROUTINE.0 indicates mainline.15 CCWD Control card word.Bit 15 set toBit 14 set toBit 13 set toBit 12 set toBit 11 set toindicates Transfer Trace.indicates Arithmetic Trace.indicates Extended Precision.indicates List Symbol Table.indicates List SubprogramBit 10 set toBit 9 set toBit 8 set to16 IOCS IOCS ControBit 15 set toBit 14 set toBit 13 set toBit 12 set toBit 11 set toBit 10 set toBit 9 set toBit 8 set toBit 7 set toBit 3 set toBit 1 set toNamesindicates List Source Program.indicates One Word Integers.indicates Origin.Card Word.indicates 1442 Card ReadPunch, Model 6 or 7.indicates 1134/1055 PaperTape Reader Punch.indicates Console Printer.indicates 1403 Printer.indicates 2501 Card Reader.indicates Keyboard.indicates 1442 Card Punch,Model 5.indicates Disk Storage.indicates 1132 Printer.indicates 1627 Plotter.indicates Unformatted DiskI/O Area.The Phase Area is the area into which the variousphases of the compiler are read by the ROL subroutine.The size of the Phase Area is determined bythe size of the largest phase of the compiler.Each phase, when loaded into the Phase Area,overlays the preceding phase. There are two phases,however, that are exceptional in that they are loadedat some location other than the Phase Area origin.The ROL subroutine in phase 1 is loaded into highaddressedstorage by phase 1 so that it occupiesinitially the position it will occupy throughout thecompilation. The control record analysis portionof phase 1 is loaded into the String Area. This portionof the phase is in use only until the FORTRANcontrol records have been processed and is overlaidby the source statements. Phase 27, the RecoveryPhase, which is executed after the object programhas been produced, is also read into the String Area.STRING AREADuring compilation the String Area contains both thestatement string and the Symbol Table. The statementstring is built by the Input Phase in an ascendingchain beginning in the low-addressed words ofthe String Area. The Symbol Table is built duringthe compilation process in a descending chain beginningin the high-addressed words of the StringArea.The statement string expands and contracts as itis massaged during the compilation process. TheSymbol Table expands as items are removed fromthe statement string and added to the Symbol Table.In addition, some phases move the entire statementstring as far as possible toward the Symbol Table.The last statement of the string then resides nextto the last Symbol Table entry. As the phase operateson the statement string, now referred to asthe input string, it is rebuilt in the low-addressedend of the String Area. The rebuilt string is referredto as the output string. This procedure allowsfor expansion of the statement string.17 DFCNT The number of files defined.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 77

If at any time during the compilation an entrycannot be made to the statement string or the SymbolTable due to the lack of sufficient storage, an overlaperror condition exists. In the event of such an overlapcondition, the remaining compilation is bypassedand an error message is printed (see CompilationErrors). Either the size of the source program orthe number of symbols used must be decreased, orthe program must be compiled on a machine of largerstorage capacity.SYMBOL TABLEThe Symbol Table contains entries for variables,constants, statement numbers, various compilergeneratedlabels, and compiler-generated temporarystorage locations.The first entry of the Symbol Table occupies thethree highest-addressed words of the String Area,1. e. , the 3 words just below the first word of theFORTRAN Communications Area. The second entryis positioned in the lower-numbered words adjacentto the first entry, etc.During the initialization of the Symbol Table inphase 1, three words are reserved for the firstSymbol Table entry. This entry is not made, however,until phase 3. From this point the size of theSymbol Table varies from phase to phase until itachieves its largest size in phase 18. Its size always.includes the three words reserved for the nextSymbol Table entry.During phases 3 through 18, the Symbol Table containsvariables, constants, and statement numbers.Information for these entries has been removed fromthe statement string and has been replaced by theaddress of the ID word of the corresponding SymbolTable entry. Also, the Symbol Table contains thevarious compiler•generated labels and temporarystorage locations used in compilation.During the output phases, 19 through 26, theseentries in the Symbol Table are replaced by objectprogram addresses that are inserted into the objectcoding by phase 26.FormatAll entries in the Symbol Table consist of threewords -- an ID word and two Name-Data words.The entries for dimensioned variables are exceptional,however, in that they are six-word entries, theadditional three words containing the dimensioninformation.The ID word occupies the lowest-addressed wordof the three word entry. The Name-Data wordsoccupy the two higher-addressed words.A typical three-word entry is illustrated in thefollowing example of the entry for the integer constant290.ID Word Data Word 1 Data Word 22 9 0 blank blank111000000000000001011001011100111010000000000000000 ILowest-Addressed Highest-AddressedWordWordEntry in hexadecimal form —E000 65CE 0000The entry for the subprogram name COUNT wouldappear as:ID Word Name Word 1 Name Word 2COUN T1000000001000000011000011010110100111000101011000111Lowest-Addressed Highest-AddressedWordWordEntry in hexadecimal form - C080 86B4 C56378

ID WordThe layout of the Symbol Table ID word is given inTable 4. The ID word is formed when the entry isplaced in the Symbol Table.Table 4. The Contents of the FORTRAN Symbol Table ID WordBitPosition0 1 - Constant0 - VariableStatus and Meaning1 1 - Integer0 - Real2 1 - COMMONName-Data WordsThe Name-Data words of Symbol Table entries havethe following format:3-4 01 - One dimension10 - Two dimensions11 - Three dimensions5 1 - Statement function parameter/dummy argument6 1 - Statement number7 1 - Statement function nameWord BitContents8 1 - Subprogram name9 1 - FORMAT statement number1 0 0, if the following 15 bits containthe first half of a constant; 1, ifthe following 15 bits contain anythingother than the first half of aconstant.1-15 First 15 bits of the 30-bit SymbolTable entry2 0 Same as bit 0 of word 11-15 Second 15 bits of the 30-bit SymbolTable entry10 1 - Referenced statement number or definedvariable11 1 - External12 1 - Generated temporary storage location (GT)13 1 - Subscript-generated temporary variable (SGT)14 1 - Allocated variable15 Not UsedThree words are always used for the dimensioninformation regardless of the number of dimensions.For one-dimensional arrays, all three dimensionwords contain the integer constant that specifies thedimension of the array. For example, the entry forarray ARRAY (10) would appear as:Dimension Information Array Name10 I 10 I 10 ID WorcDimensioned EntriesLowest- Highest-AddressedAddressedWordWordThe Symbol Table entry for a dimensioned variablerequires six words: two for the array name, onefor the ID word, and three for the dimension information.The dimension information occupies thethree lowest-addressed words, the ID word occupiesthe next higher-addressed word, and the Name-Datawords occupy the two highest-addressed words.For two-dimensional arrays, the first (highestaddressed)dimension word contains the integerconstant of the first dimension; the middle andlast (lowest-addressed) dimension words bothcontain the product of the first and second dimensioninteger constants. Thus, the dimension informationfor array B(5,15) appears as:Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 79

Dimension Information Array Name75 I 75 1 5 ID WordFor three-dimensional arrays, the first dimensionword contains the integer constant of the firstarray dimension; the middle dimension word containsthe, product of the first and second dimensioninteger constants; the third dimension word containsthe product of the first, second, and thirdinteger constants of the array dimensions. The dimensioninformation for array C(9,9,9) appears as:Dimension Information Array Name729 81 9 ID Word .the number of words used to store that statement,including the ID word and statement terminator.The statement type codes, shown in Table 5, areadded in the Classifier Phase (except for FORMATstatements).Table S. FORTRAN Statement ID Word Type CodesCodeStatement Types00000 Arithmetic00001 BACKSPACE00010 END00011 END FILE00100 SUBROUTINE00101 REWIND00110 CALL00111 COMMONSTATEMENT STRINGThe source statements are read by the Input Phase,converted to EBCDIC, and stored in core storage.The first statement is stored starting at $ZEND, andeach succeeding statement is placed adjacent to theprevious statement, thus forming the source statementsinto a string. The area within which thesource statements are stored is referred to as theString Area.01000 DIMENSION01001 REAL01010 INTEGER01011 DO01100 FORMAT01101 FUNCTION01110 GO TO01111 IF10000 RETURN10001 WRITEID WordFor identification purposes, as each statement isplaced in the String Area, an ID word is added atthe low-address end of each statement. The IDword has the following format:Bit Contents0-4 Statement type code5-13 Statement Norm14 Varied; used for interphasecommunication15 1, if statement is numbered; otherwise, 0The Norm is the only portion of the ID word completedby the Input Phase. The Norm is a count of10010 READ10011 PAUSE10100 Error10101 EQUIVALENCE10110 CONTINUE10111 STOP11000 DO test11001 EXTERNAL11010 Statement Function11011 Internal Output Format11100 CALL LINK, CALL EXIT11101 FIND11110 DEFINE FILE11111 DATA80

Statement BodyEach statement, after being converted to EBCDIC,is packed two EBCDIC characters per word. Thisis the form in which the statements are initiallyadded to the statement string.Statement TerminatorStatements are separated by means of the statementterminator character, a semicolon. The statementterminator character indicates the end of the statementbody. This character remains in the stringentry throughout the compilation process for thatparticular statement type.All statements in the statement string carry thestatement terminator except for FORMAT and CON-TINUE statements and compiler-generated errorstatements. Error statements inserted into thestring by the compiler are inserted without theterminator character.COMPILATION ERRORSWhen an error is detected during the compilationprocess, the statement in error is replaced by anappropriate error statement in the statement string.Each error statement is added during the phase inwhich the corresponding error is detected and theprocedure is the same in all phases.1. The type code in the erroneous statement's IDword is changed to the error type.2. The statement body is replaced by the appropriateerror number. The statement number,if present, is retained in the Symbol Table andthe Symbol Table address is retained in theerror statement on the string.3. The statement string is closed up, effectivelydeleting the erroneous statement from the statementstring.Error statements in the statement string are exceptionalin that they do not carry the statementterminator character (semicolon).Error indications are printed at the conclusion ofcompilation. If a compilation error has occurred,the messageI COMPILATION DISCONTINUEDis printed and no object program is placed in WorkingStorage.Error messages appear in the following format:CAA ERROR AT STATEMENT NUMBERXXXXX+YYYwhere C indicates the FORTRAN Compiler, AA is theerror number, XXXXX is the last encounteredstatement number, and YYY is the count of statementsfrom the last statement number.There are also error messages in the formatCAA ZZZZZZZZZZ...where ZZZZ Z.... is an explanation of the errorcondition.See the Programming and Operator's Guide publicationfor a list of the FORTRAN error numbers,their explanation, and the phases during which theyare detected.In addition to the errors, undefined variables arelisted by name at the end of compilation. Undefinedvariables inhibit the output of the object program.COMPILER I/0The compiler uses the DISKZ . subroutine for all diskI/O operations required during compilation.The compiler uses the principal input device subroutineto read the control records and source statementsto be compiled, and the principal input conversionsubroutine to convert the source input toEBCDIC.The principal print device subroutine is used toperform any printing required during the compilation.FETCHING COMPILER PHASESThe ROL subroutine loaded into high-addressed storageas part of phase 1, obtains from each phase theword count and sector address of the next phase to beloaded. This subroutine then reads the next compilerphase into core storage and transfers control to it.If a small change is made to the ROL subroutine,it also examines the Console Entry switches. Ifa request to dump is indicated in the switches, itSection 11. FORTRAN Compiler 81

calls the System Core Dump program via the $DUMPentry point in the Skeleton Supervisor to dump thestatement string, the Symbol Table, and the FOR-TRAN Communications Area. At the completion ofthe dump the ROL subroutine regains control. Itthen fetches and transfers control to the next phase.PHASE DESCRIPTIONSPHASE 1• Reads the control records; sets the correspondingindicators in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea.• Reads the source statements; stores them in theString Area; precedes each statement with apartially completed ID word.• Checks for a maximum of five continuation recordsper statement.• Lists the source program, if requested.Phase 1 is composed of two major segments; thefirst analyzes the control records and the secondinputs the source statements. The control recordanalysis portion of phase 1 is loaded into the StringArea, while the statement input portion is loaded atthe normal Phase Area origin. The control recordanalysis subroutines, therefore, remain in storageuntil the processing of the control records is completed.They are then overlaid by the source statementsas the string is built by the statement inputportion.Errors DetectedThe errors detected by phase 1 are: 1 and 2.PHASE 2• Determines the statement type for each statement.inserts the type code into the statement ID word.• Places the statement terminator character (semicolon)at the end of each statement.• Converts subprogram names longer than fivecharacters to five-character names.• Converts FORTRAN-supplied subprogram namesaccording to the specified precision.• Generates the calls and parameters that initializeI/O subroutines during execution of the object program,if the IOCS control indicators are present.According to the indicators set in the IOCS word(word 16) of the FORTRAN Communications Area bythe previous phase, phase 2 generates the requiredcalls to FORTRAN I/O. If the Unformatted Disk I/OArea indicator is on, a 'LISP UFIO' followed by itsparameter is inserted into the string. If the Diskindicator is on, a 'LIEF SDFIO' followed by its parameteris inserted into the statement string. If anyother indicator in the IOCS word is on, phase 2 insertsthe 'LIBF SFIO' followed by its parametersinto the statement string. The table of device servicingsubroutines (ISSs) is also built and inserted.Phase 2, beginning with the first statement of thestring, checks each statement in order to classify itinto one of the 31 statement types. FORMAT statements,already having the type code, and compilergeneratederror statements are not processed by thisphase. Each statement name is compared to a tableof valid FORTRAN statement names. Each recognizedstatement name is removed from the stringand the corresponding ID type code is inserted into thestatement ID word.Arithmetic statements are detected by location ofthe equal sign (=) followed by an operator other thana comma. Because of this method of detection,arithmetic and statement function statements bothcarry the arithmetic statement ID type until phase 8,which distinguishes them.Names within the statement body are convertedinto name code and stored. Names with only one ortwo characters are stored in one word.Phase 2 converts all parentheses, commas, etc. ,into special operator codes. Each operator is storedin a separate word. Also, each arithmetic operator(+, /, *, **) is stored in a separate word, and astatement terminator character (semicolon) is placedafter each statement, except for CONTINUE andFORMAT statements and compiler-generated errorstatements.NOTE: The string words containing name or constantcharacters have a one in bit position 0. Bit82

position 0 of string words containing arithmetic operatorcharacters has a zero.The standard FORTRAN-supplied subprogramnames specified in the source program are changed,if necessary, to reflect the standard or extendedprecision option specified in the control records.Also, the six-character subprogram names ofSLITET, OVERFL, and SSWTCH, which are allowedso as to be compatible with System/360 FORTRAN,are changed to SLITT, OVERF, and SSWTC, respectively.The word FUNCTION appearing in a Type statementand the statement numbers of DO statementsare isolated by the Classifier Phase. Isolation isaccomplished by placing a one-word special operator(colon) just after the word or name to be isolated.This process aids later phases in detecting thesewords and numbers.Errors DetectedThe error detected by phase 2 is: 4.ISUBROUTINE or FUNCTION statementType statements (REAL, INTEGER)EXTERNAL statementsDIMENSION statementsCOMMON statementsEQUIVALENCE statementsA check is also made to ensure that all DATA andDEFINE FILE statements appear within the Specificationstatement group. Placement of these twostatement types is optional; however, they must notbe intermixed with EQUIVALENCE statements.The SORF word (word 14) in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea is appropriately modified if aSUBROUTINE or FUNCTION statement is present.The second pass of phase 3 scans the statementstring for statements with statement numbers. Eachunique statement number is placed into the SymbolTable and the address of the Symbol Table entry isplaced into the string where the statement numberpreviously resided.All statements having statement numbers previouslyadded to the Symbol Table (duplicates of otherstatement numbers) are in error.PHASE 3• Checks the subprogram and Specification statementsfor the proper order; removes any statementnumbers from these statements.• Checks to ensure that statements following IF,GO TO, CALL LINK, CALL EXIT, RETURN,and STOP statements have statement numbers.• Removes CONTINUE statements that do not havestatement numbers.• Checks the statements for statement numbers;checks the Symbol Table for a previous entry ofthe same statement number.• Places the statement number into the SymbolTable; places the address of the Symbol Tableentry into the string.Phase 3 makes two passes through the statementstring. The first pass checks to ascertain the subprogramand Specification statements are in the followingsequence:Errors DetectedThe errors detected by phase 3 are: 5, 6, and 9.PHASE 4• Places COMMON statement variables into theSymbol Table; includes dimension information inthe Symbol Table entries, if present; removes thestatement from the string.• Checks for a SUBROUTINE or FUNCTION statement;places the names and dummy argumentsof the SUBROUTINE or FUNCTION statement intothe Symbol Table; deletes the statement fromthe statement string.• Checks REAL and INTEGER statements for theword FUNCTION.Phase 4 is a two-pass phase. The first pass processesCOMMON statements; the second pass processesa SUBROUTINE or FUNCTION statement, includinga FUNCTION designated in a REAL orINTEGER statement.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 83

Pass 1 of phase 4 examines all COMMON statements,checking all variable names for validity.Valid, unique variable names found in COMMONstatements are placed into the Symbol Table. Duplicatevariable names are in error.When dimension information is present in aCOMMON statement, the Symbol Table entry for thedimensioned variable is expanded to six words, thedimension constants are changed to binary format,and this binary information is inserted into theSymbol Table entry. The Symbol Table ID word isupdated to indicate the presence of the dimensioninformation and the level of dimensioning.When all the variables in a COMMON statementhave been processed, it is removed from the string.The second pass of phase 4 checks for a SUBROU-TINE or FUNCTION statement among the Specificationstatements. If either is found, the SORF word(word 14) in the FORTRAN Communications Area ismodified to indicate whichever is applicable. Thesubprogram name is checked for validity. If valid,the name is added to the Symbol Table and the addressof the Symbol Table entry is placed into theFNAME words (words 12-13) in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea. The subprogram parameters arechecked and, if valid, they are added to the SymbolTable and the statement is removed from the string.The first REAL and INTEGER statements areexamined for the presence of the word FUNCTION.If the FUNCTION specification is found, the REALor INTEGER statement is processed in the samemanner as a FUNCTION statement, except that thesubprogram mode is specified explicitly by thestatement type.Errors ]DetectedThe errors detected by phase 4 are: 7, 8, 10, 11, 12,12, 13, 14, and 15.PHASE 5• Places DIMENSION statement variables into theSymbol Table; places dimension information intothe Symbol Table entries; removes the statementfrom the string.• Places variables and dimension information fromREAL, INTEGER, and EXTERNAL statementsinto the Symbol Table.• Indicates in the Symbol Table ID word thevariable's mode (real or integer).• Checks EXTERNAL statements for the namesIFIX and FLOAT, which are not allowed.The processing of phase 5 is done in two passes.The first pass analyzes DIMENSION statements. Eachvariable name found in a DIMENSION statement isfirst checked for validity. If the name is valid, theSymbol Table is searched for a duplicate. If no duplicateis found, the variable name, along with its dimensioninformation, is added to the Symbol Table.If a duplicate is found that has not yet been dimensioned,the dimension information from the variablename is added to the existing Symbol Table entry. Ifa duplicate is found that has already been dimensioned,the variable name is in error.In a subprogram compilation, a comparison ismade to ensure that no variable name duplicates thesubprogram name.The second pass of phase 5 examines the REAL,INTEGER, and EXTERNAL statements found in thestatement string. Each variable found in these typesof statements is checked for validity. Valid variablesare compared to the Symbol Table entries. Thosevariables duplicated in the Symbol Table as the resultof prior COMMON or DIMENSION statement entriesare in error. Those not equated to Symbol Tableentries are added to the Symbol Table in the samemanner as in the first pass of this phase.Errors DetectedThe errors detected by phase 5 are: 7, 8, 15, 17,18, 19, 20, 21, and 22.PHASE 6• Scans all IF, CALL, and arithmetic statementsfor valid real constants.• Converts real constants to standard or extendedprecision format, as specified.Each valid real constant encountered in an arithmeticIF, or CALL statement is converted to binary in theprecision indicated by the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea indicators. The Symbol Table is checkedfor a previous entry of the constant. If a previous84

entry is found, no new entry is made. The constantoperator, a special code Indicating that the followingword is the Symbol Table address of a constant,followed by the Symbol Table address of the constantalready entered is inserted into the statementstring in place of the constant.If no previous entry in the Symbol Table is found,the converted constant is added to the Symbol Table.The constant operator along with the Symbol Tableaddress replaces the constant in the statement string.The statement string is closed up following the alterationof the string.Errors DetectedThe following errors are detected by phase 6: 23and 50.PHASE 7• Checks the syntax of DEFINE FILE, CALL EXIT,and CALL LINK statements.• Determines the defined file specifications.All variable names in DEFINE FILE, CALL LINK,and CALL EXIT statements are checked for validityand are added to the Symbol Table. All valid constantsare converted to binary and are added to theSymbol Table.Phase 7 checks to ensure that a DEFINE FILEstatement does not appear in a subprogram.This phase computes the file definition specifications,that is, a DEFINE FILE Table consisting ofone entry for each unique file. Each entry consistsof the file number, the number of records per file,the record length, the associated variable, a blankword for insertion of the file's sector address at thetime the program is loaded for execution, the numberof records per sector, and the number of diskblocks per file. A count is kept in the DFCNT word(word 17) in the FORTRAN Communications Areaof the number of files defined.Errors DetectedThe errors detected by phase 7 are: 3, 70, 71, 72,73 and 74.PHASE 8• Places variables and integer constants into theSymbol Table.• Places parameters from statement function statementsinto the Symbol Table.• Replaces operators with pointers to the ForcingTable to be used in phase 16.• Converts the left parenthesis of subscripts to aspecial dimension indicator.Phase 8 checks the variable names found in the statementstring for validity. Valid variables are addedto the Symbol Table. A second check is made to ensurethat all variable names conform to the implicitor explicit mode specifications (real and integer).Integer constants are also added to the Symbol Table,provided they are unique. However, integer constantsthat are found in subscript expressions arenot added to the Symbol Table until a later phase.When adding names and constants to the SymbolTable, phase 8 replaces them in the string by theaddress of their respective Symbol Table entries,except if they are found in subscript expressions.The address replacing a constant or name is theaddress of the ID word of the Symbol Table entryfor that constant or name.Internal statement numbers are located in theSymbol Table and are replaced by the address of theircorresponding Symbol Table entries; those statementnumbers not found in the Symbol Table (i. e. ,not previously entered) are in error.Phase 8 changes the ID word of the statementfunction statement, until now identical to that of anarithmetic statement, to the statement function type.Also, the statement function name and the parametersof statement functions are added to the SymbolTable. These entries in the Symbol Table are distinguishedby their lack of a sign bit in the secondword of the name.During phase 8, the left parenthesis on subscriptsis changed to a special left parenthesis operator thatindicates the order of the dimension that follows.This phase also converts all operators, exceptthose in subscript expressions, from the 6-bitEBCDIC representation to a pointer value. Thispointer value is derived from the Forcing Table. Theconversion is done in preparation for the Scan Phase,Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 85

phase 16, when an arithmetic operational hierarchywill be determined through these pointer values.Errors DetectedThe following errors are detected in phase 8: 7, 24,25, 26, and 43.PHASE 9• Checks the DATA statement for correct syntaxand valid variable references.• Reformats the DATA statement into a string ofdata groups.Each variable in the DATA statement is checked toensure that it has been previously entered into theSymbol Table. A check is also made to ensure thata subscript expression for a DATA statement variabledoes not exceed the level of dimensioning indicatedin the Symbol Table entry for the referencedvariable.Phases 9 converts the DATA statement into thefollowing form:The constant may be one word in length (an integer),two or three words in length (a real number in standardor extended precision), or n words in length (aliteral).Each data pointer has the following form:Word Bit Contents1 0 11 0, if no displacement word follows1, if a displacement word follows2 0, non-externally subscriptedvariable1, externally subscripted variable3-4 Zeros5-15 Symbol Table address of the variable2 0-15 Displacement word (present only ifvariable is subscripted)A displacement word follows data pointers to subscriptedvariables; its contents are the adjusted subscriptoffset.The statement terminator is removed from theDATA statement in phase 9.Errors DetectedIDWord Data Group 1 Data Group 2 I'Data Group nPhase 9 detects the following errors: 75, 76, 77,78, 79, 80, and 82.PHASE 10Each data group has the following form:Data Data DataH eader Constant Pointer 1 Pointer 2 J-n• Converts FORMAT statements into a chain offormat specifications for interpretation by theFORTRAN I/O subroutines.Data• Converts the Apostrophe (') type format toPointer n_J H type.Each data header has the following form:Bits Contents0 01-12 Duplication factor13-15 Length of the following constantIn decomposing the FORMAT statement, phase 10converts each format type into a format specification(see Table 6). Where required, the Field Repeat,Group Repeat, and REDO counts are computed andinserted. At the completion of phase 10, theFORMAT statement is simply a chain of formatspecifications.The conversion of a FORMAT statement is shownbelow:86

9 9 9 0 A ( 3 H A F. 3 4' 0I 8 7 A 5 6 I 5 3 H X F 9IDWord 999 14,3 A,P =,b F,3,6 E,4,10 / 1,8RR,4 -3 T,1 H,10 b,A N,S W,E R,b I,S H,3 X,Y =,b F,4,9 RR,16Table 6. Conversion of FORTRAN FORMAT SpecificationsFormatType(input)Format Specification (output)4 Bits 5 Bits 7 Bits16 BitsEFAHT/Group RepeatField Repeat0000 DD WW0001 DO WW0010 WW0011 WW0100 WW0101 WW0110 CC0111 Undefined1000 NO1001 NO1010 Not UsedRR 1REDO1011RRDD (decimal width)WW (total field width)CC (carriage control)Maximum = 127 (used only in E andF type formats).Maximum = 127 in E and F type formats,145 in I, A, X, and H typeformats.Positive count of the number ofcharacter positions to be skipped.NO (number)RR 1 (group repeat)RR (REDO)Positive count of the number ofrepetitions to be made of a field orgroup.Negative count of the number of wordsback to the first specification of a groupto be repeated.Positive count of the number of wordsback to the rightmost left parenthesis inthe statement.Errors DetectedThe following errors are detected in phase 10: 27,28, 29, and 30.PHASE 11• Calculates the constants needed for object programsubscript computation.• Sets up dummy arguments for the insertion ofvariables in the object coding.Phase 11 bypasses all FORMAT, CONTINUE, andcompiler-generated error statements. All otherstatements are scanned but only those statementsthat contain the special left parenthesis operatorinserted by phase 8 are operated upon.The subscripting information for each variableis checked for validity.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 87

Phase 11 then calculates the subscript constantD4 and, depending on the dimensioning level, theconstants D1, D2 , and D 3 . (See below for themethod of derivation of these constants.)These subscript constants are inserted into thesubscript expression with the subscript indices.The right and left parenthesis enclosing the subscriptexpression are then changed to special operators tobe used in a later phase.Calculation of the Subscript ConstantsAssuming the maximum subscript formwherec*v+c'v represents an unsigned, nonsubsGripted, integervariable and c and c' represent unsigned integerconstants,phase 11 computes the subscript constants (D-factors)as follows:For a 1-dimension array --A(C i *I + C 2)D 1= C 1*SD 4= (C 2- 1) *SFor a 2-dimension array --A(Ci *I + C 2 , C3 *J + C 4)D 1= C 1*SD 2= L * C 3* SD4 = [ (C2 - 1) L * (C 4 - 1)1 *SFor a 3-dimension array --A(C 1 *I + C2, C3 * J + C4, C 5*K + C 6)D i= C 1*SD 2= L * C 3*SD 3= L * M * C 5* SD 4 = [(C 2 - 1) + L * (C 4 - 1) + L * M * (C ii - 1)I*SIn the above formulas,L = first dimension factorM = second dimension factorS = size in words of the array entries= 1 for one-word integers= 2 for standard precision= 3 for extended precisionC 1 and C 2 = constants in the first dimension valueC and C = constants in the second dimension3 4valueC and C = constants in the third dimension5 6valueI, J, and K are the subscript indices.Errors DetectedThe following errors are detected in phase 11: 31,32, 33, 34, and 35.PHASE 12• Checks the syntax of arithmetic, IF, CALL, andstatement function statements.• Checks statement function calls, including nestedcalls, for valid names and the correct number ofparameters.• Checks for the definition of variables; checks forvalid statement number references in IF statements.The syntax of all CALL statements is checked. Acall operator is inserted between the subprogramname and its dummy arguments for use in the ScanPhase, phase 16.During the analysis of statement function statementsa table is built containing the statement functionname and the number of parameters associated with88

that function. This table is used in analyzing statementfunction calls, including nested calls, to checkfor the proper number of parameters.The syntax of the record number expression inDisk READ/WRITE statements is checked. The rightparenthesis is changed to a colon operator whichfacilitates the scan of the Disk READ/WRITE statementin the following phase.PHASE 14• Checks for valid syntax in DO statements and innested DO loops.• Generates and inserts at the appropriate pointsthe coding needed to perform the DO test.Errors DetectedThe following errors are detected in phase 12: 36,37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, and 43.• Checks the syntax of DO, CONTINUE, BACK-SPACE, REWIND, END FILE, STOP, PAUSE,and END statements.PHASE 13• Checks FIND, READ, WRITE, and GO TO statementsfor correct syntax, valid FORMAT statementreferences, and valid variables.• Detects implied DO loops in READ and WRITEstatements; generates the indicators necessaryfor later processing of the DO loop.When READ and WRITE statements are encounteredin a mainline program, a check is made for the presenceof IOCS indicators in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea. All READ and WRITE statements in aSUBROUTINE or FUNCTION subprogram do notrequire the presence of IOCS indicators.READ, FIND, and WRITE statements are checkedfor valid variables and for proper syntax. READand WRITE statements are checked for a validFORMAT statement reference. Disk READ andWRITE statements are differentiated by means of theapostrophe (') separating the file number and recordnumber parameters. The appropriate disk or nondiskI/O operator is generated for and inserted intoeach READ or WRITE statement.READ and WRITE statements are also checkedfor implied DO loops. The necessary DO initializeand DO test operators are generated and inserted intothe statement body.Errors DetectedThe following errors are detected in phase 13: 43,44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, and 68.• Checks for a GO TO, IF, STOP, CALL LINK,CALL EXIT, or RETURN statement as the lastexecutable statement of the source program.BACKSPACE, END FILE, and REWIND statementsare checked for valid unit addresses. Valid unitaddresses are placed into the Symbol Table asinteger constants. BACKSPACE, END FILE, andREWIND statements are then replaced on the statementstring by a generated LIBF followed by theSymbol Table address of the unit address. ThisSymbol Table address becomes an argument tothe MBE.Statements which follow STOP statements arechecked to ensure that they are numbered statements.All integers found in PAUSE and STOP statementsare checked to ensure that they are not greater than9999. Valid integers are added to the Symbol Tableas integer constants.As the DO statements are analyzed for correctsyntax, phase 14 constructs a DO Table in the followingformat:Word Contents1 Index2 DO test statement number orGenerated Label3 Test value4 Increment5 DO range statementnumberSection 11. FORTRAN Compiler 89

A DO Table entry is made for each DO statementwhen it is detected. As the statements followingthe DO statement are scanned, the statement numbersare compared with the contents of word 5, therange limit, of the DO Table entries. When therange limit is found the DO test coding is insertedinto the statement string.The DO Table is built from low-to-high-addressedstorage. It is scanned, however, from high-to-lowaddressedstorage. In this manner, nested DO loopsthat violate range limits are detected.Errors DetectedThe following errors are detected in phase 14: 51,52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, and 62.PHASE :L5• Scans READ, WRTEE, IF, CALL, and arithmeticstatements for subscript expressions.• Optimizes subscript calculation by means of theSubscript Expression Table.• Generates SGTs (Subscript-generated temporarystorage locations) as necessary.Each unique subscript expression is placed into atable called the Subscript Expression Table. Eachentry in this table appears as follows:Word Contents1 D 42 I, first dimension subscript index3 D 14 J, second dimension subscript index5 D 26 K, third dimension subscript index7 D 38 /8010, if entry is not used/0010, if entry is used on this statement/0000, if entry was used on a previousstatementAlso, each unique variable of a subscript expressionis placed into a table called the Bound VariableTable.As each subscript expression is entered into theSubscript Expression Table, it is removed from thestring. The subscripted variable is then tagged withSGT indicator bits pointing to the Subscript ExpressionTable entry.An SGT (Subscript-generated temporary storagelocation) is generated for each entry made to the SubscriptExpression Table. The SGT is placed into anSGT Table. The SGT is also placed into the SymbolTable and the address of the Symbol Table entry isinserted into the statement in the string.For each subscript expression encountered, ascan is made of the Bound Variable Table. If one ormore of the variables in the subscript expression arenot located in the Bound Variable Table, the subscriptmust be recalculated. Thus, a unique entry is madeto the Subscript Expression Table for the expressionand an associated SGT is generated.If, however, all the variables of the subscriptexpression are located in the Bound Variable Table,the Subscript Expression Table is then scanned todetermine if a duplicate subscript expression is alreadylocated in the table. If no equivalent is found,the subscript expression is added to the table as aunique entry and an associated SGT is generated.If a duplicate expression is found in the SubscriptExpression Table, the subscript expression is removedfrom the string and is replaced by a pointerto its duplicate in the Subscript Expression Table.Thus, identical subscript expressions share the sameindices of a common entry in the Subscript ExpressionTable and the same SGT.Whenever a variable is assigned a new value (i. e. ,appears to the left of the equal sign in an arithmeticexpression, in the argument list of a subprogram,etc.), that variable, if found in the Bound VariableTable, is removed from the table. This removalfrom the Bound Variable Table causes all entries inthe Subscript Expression Table containing that variableto be removed. The associated SGTs are alsoremoved from the SGT Table but remain in the SymbolTable. The addresses in the string of the SGTsin the Symbol Table also remain.If a statement is encountered containing a subscriptexpression and having a statement number that isreferenced by some other statement, the entire SubscriptExpression Table is cleared and all subscripts,90

eginning with the subscript expression in the referencestatement, must be recalculated.The Subscript Expression Table is also clearedwhenever a DO statement is encountered. Followingsubscripts must be recalculated. Implied DO loops,as in READ and WRITE statements, cause only thoseentries involving the index of the implied DO to becleared. Only the subscripts involving that indexmust be recalculated.Errors DetectedThe following error is detected in phase 15: 63.PHASE 16• Converts all FIND, READ, WRITE, IF, GO TO,CALL, statement function, and arithmetic statementsinto a modified form of Polish notation.• Establishes the order of arithmetic operationalperformance.• Sets up the arguments for subroutine calls to begenerated.Phase 16 converts all READ, WRITE, GO TO, arithmetic,statement function, CALL, and IF statementsto a modified form of Polish notation. This conversionis accomplished through the use of a ForcingTable, strings, and an Interpreter.The Forcing Table is a table of 2-word entries.The first word contains the left and right forcingvalues for each operator. The first 8 bits constitutethe left forcing value and the last 8 bits, the rightforcing value. The second word of the 2-word entrycontains the address of the string to be used by theInterpreter when the corresponding operator isforced. (See Table 7.)The string address (word 2 of each Forcing Tableentry) for each operator is a pointer used by theInterpreter. This pointer designates to the Interpretera string of operations that must be performedby the Interpreter in order to convert theforced operator and its operands to the modified formof Polish notation.NOTE: Strings may also contain pointers. Thesepointers designate substrings, which are detailedTable 7. FORTRAN Forcing TableOperatorDefinitionForcing ValueLeft I RightStringPointerN Name Operator 63 00 0Normal Right Parenthesis 01 32 0Statement Terminator 3C 3C 0+,- Add, Subtract OA OA 1/,* Divide, Multiply 05 05 1Exponentiation 05 04 1Assign 3B 3C 1( Normal Left Parenthesis 31 01 200 000Comma 31 30 3Call Operator 01 01 4Special Parenthesis for Literals,Special Parenthesis forDimensioned Arrays 31 01 6Unary Minus OA OA 7ac Operator 31 01 84000Ip411)Special Right Parenthesis inImplied DOs 31 01 9Subscripting Right Parenthesisin Implied DOs 31 01 10I/O Operator before Scan 30 01 11I/O Operator during and afterScan 30 01 12Equal Sign in Implied DOs 31 01 13extensions of the string and which are used by theInterpreter in the same manner as the strings.A forcing condition exists if the forcing value ofthe right operator is equal to or greater than theforcing value of the left operator. This condition resultsin the left operator being forced; that is, theoperation to the left has precedence. Whenever anon-forcing condition exists, the operands and operatorsinvolved remain in the statement. Operandsand operators are removed from the string only whenan operator is forced and the Interpreter-generatedsymbol FAC replaces them.The Interpreter controls the conversion of thestatement to the modified form of Polish notation. Aseach operator is forced, the Interpreter, using thestring address from the Forcing Table, selects theSection 11. FORTRAN Compiler 91

associated string and performs the string operations.These operations result in the output of theforced operator and its operands, resequenced inthe order of operational performance. The forcedoperator and its operands are put out into the outputbuffer by the Interpreter and are replaced in thestatement body by the symbol FAC.The scan begins with the string pointer movingfrom left to right. When an operator is encountered,the scan looks two words to the left for a second operator.If none is found, the string pointer movesto the right, one word at a time, in search of anotheroperator. If an operator is found to the left, thescan converts the left and right operators to theirrespective forcing values and checks for the forcingcondition.If a forcing condition does not exist, the scanagain resumes, moving the pointer to the right. If,however, a forcing condition does exist, the Interpreterhandles the operator and operands involved.Upon return to the scanning process, the stringpointer is positioned to the same operator thatcaused the previous force, the symbol FAC residesone word to the left in place of the forced operatorand its operands, and a new operator resides twowords to the left. These operators are then convertedand the check is made for the forcing condition.If at any time the symbol FAC is an operand of aforced operator, FAC is replaced by a GT (generatedtemporary storage location). The GT is then outputtedas the operand in place of FAC. FAC again replacesthe forced operator and operands in the statementbody. New GTs are created as they are neededin order to maintain FAC in the statement body.At the completion of the scan process the statementbody has been reduced to the symbol FAC; thestatement body now consists of less than four words.The output buffer contains the entire statement convertedto the modified form of Polish notation.If in looking for a left operator the scan must bypassthe argument list of a call operator, the elementsof this argument list are stored temporarilyin a special buffer called the Push-down List. Whenthe call operator is forced and placed into the outputbuffer, the Push-down List is then emptied into theoutput buffer in reverse order so that the argumentsare restored in their original sequence followingthe call operator.When the scan detects that the statement consistsof less than four words (the symbol FAC only), theoutput buffer is placed into the statement stringoverlaying the symbol FAC, and the scan moves tothe next statement.The statement terminator (semicolon) serves asan operator that is scanned as any other operator,Figure 16 illustrates the scanning process.Errors DetectedThe following error is detected in phase 16: 64.PHASE 17• Replaces FIND, READ, WRITE, GO TO, andRETURN statements with compiler-generatedcoding.• Replaces those parts of arithmetic, IF, CALL,and statement function statements that involvesubscripting of variables with compiler-generatedcoding.• Checks subprograms for a RETURN statement;generates the return linkage coding.Phase 17 replaces READ, WRITE, and FIND statementsby a call to the appropriate I/0 subroutine,along with the necessary arguments. Generatedlabels are added to READ and WRITE statements involvingimplied DO loops.Also, statement function, arithmetic, IF, andCALL statements are examined for subscripted variables.Those parts of these statements that involvesubscripts are replaced by compiler-generated coding.In order to produce more efficient coding, phase17, by means of an SGT Table, eliminates redundantloads of the same subscript offset. Also, the instructionsused to load literal subscripts are placed immediatelybefore the indexed operations.Errors DetectedThe following error is detected in phase 17: 69.92

Arithmetic StatementA=B+C*D-EStepContents ofthe stringContents of theOutput BufferComments1 A BtC*D-E A is not an operator, so the pointer, P, moves to the right, When scanning to the right for ant operator, non-operators are simply skipped. When scanning for an operator to the left with whichP to force, non-operators are added to the push-down list.2 A = B+C*D-E There is no operator to the left with which a forcing condition test can be made; therefore, thepointer moves to the right until an operator is encountered.P3 A = B+C"D-E;tPUsing the forcing table, the pointer indicates the RV (right forcing value) and P - 2 (two positionsto the left) indicates the LV (left forcing value). The RV of + is OA; the LV of = is 3B. OA is notequal to or greater than 3B. The left operator is not forced, and the pointer moves to the nextoperator.4 A BIC'D-E; The RV of * is 05; the LV of + is OA. 05 is not equal to or greater than OA... The left operator istnot forced, and the pointer moves to the next operator.P5 A BIC*Di E; *CD The RV of - is OA; the LV of * is 05. OA is greater than 05. Hence, the left operator is forced.*CD is placed in the output buffer and the symbol FAC replaces the outputted operator andTPoperands. The pointer is not moved; an attempt is made to force the new left operator.6 A - BFFAC A-E; *CD+B The RV of - is CA; the LV of F is OA. OA is equal to OA. Hence, the left operator is forced.T+B is added to the output buffer. The symbol FAC still replaces the contents of the output buffer.PThe pointer is not moved; an attempt is made to force the new left operator.7 A - FAC-E;tP*CD +BThe RV of - is OA; the LV of = is 3B. OA is not equal to or greater than 3B. The left operatoris not forced and the pointer moves to the next operator,8 A = FAC-E; *CD EB-E The RV of ; is 3C; the LV of - is OA. 3C is greater than OA. Hence, the left operator isforced. -E is added to the output buffer. The symbol FAC still replaces the contents of thetPoutput buffer. The pointer is not moved; an attempt is made to force the new left operator.9 A - FAC; *CD+B-E=A The RV of ; is 3C; the LV of = is 3B. 3C is greater than 3B. Hence, the left operator isforced. =A is added to the output buffer. The symbol FAC still replaces the contents of thetPoutput buffer,10FAC;*CD+B-E=AThe original statement now consists of three words or less. This indicates that the statement hasbeen scanned. The symbol FAC is now replaced by the contents of the output buffer.11 *CD+B-E-A; The scan is complete.Figure 16. FORTRAN Scan ExamplePHASE 18• Replaces arithmetic, statement function, CALL,and IF statements not involving subscripted variablesby compiler-generated coding.• Completes the replacement of arithmetic, statementfunction, CALL, and IF statements that doinvolve subscripted variables by compilergeneratedcoding.• Optimizes IF statement branch instructions.• Handles mixed-mode arithmetic.This phase generates the coding necessary to replacearithmetic, statement function, CALL, and IF statements.This phase wholly converts statements ofthese types that include no subscripted variables andmerely completes the conversion, which was partiallycompleted in phase 17, of statements of these typesthat do include subscripted variables.Phase 18 generates the code to perform integer,real, and mixed-mode arithmetic. Where possible,integer arithmetic is done in-line. The remainder ofthe coding consists of calls to System Library subroutines,followed by argument lists.As needed, calls to the FORTRAN-supplied FUNC-TION subprograms IFIX and FLOAT are generated.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 93

All calls to these subprograms are made MBEs.However, calls to exponentiation subroutines generatedby phase 18 are made CALLs.GTs (generated temporary storage locations) detectedin the string by this phase or generated bythis phase for storing intermediate results of arithmeticcalculations are made to agree in mode withthe function of which they are a part.Errors DetectedThere are no errors detected in phase 18.PHASE 19• Fetches the principal print device subroutine foruse by phases 19-24; also provides a print interfacesubroutine for these phases.• Allocates storage for COMMON variables.• Allocates all storage assignments aligned accordingto EQUIVALENCE statements.• Assigns all allocations according to the specifiedprecision of the program.• Prints the allocations of the variables as theyare assigned, if requested.Phase 19 performs the allocation of the variablesfound in the Symbol Table; i. e. , these variables areassigned storage addresses in the object coding.These addresses replace the Symbol Table entriesfor the variables.The COMMON area resides in high-addressedstorage during execution of the object program.Thus, all COMMON variables are assigned absoluteaddresses within this high-addressed area. Thevariable area resides in storage just below the objectprogram during execution. All variables notI in COMMON are assigned addresses within thisarea.Phase 19 first allocates COMMON variables foundin the Symbol Table. EQUIVALENCE statementsthat include COMMON variables are examined andthe addresses are aligned during allocation to obtainan equivalence. A check is made to ensure that theequivalence does not cause a variable or array elementto be allocated beyond the beginning of theCOMMON area.Variables that appear in EQUIVALENCE statementsare allocated next, one combined equivalencenest at a time. The remaining variables in theSymbol Table are finally allocated, real variablesfirst, followed by integer variables.Phase 19 also computes the core requirements forconstants after all defined variables have been allocated.The core requirements for variables and forCOMMON are then stored in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea.Errors DetectedThe error detected by phase 19 is either: 65, 66,or 67.PHASE 20• Lists any errors that were detected during thecompilation process.• Rearranges the statement string if there were noerrors detected.Phase 20 deletes from the statement string EQUIV-ALENCE statements that do not have an error indicatorand replaces EQUIVALENCE statements that havean error indicator by error statements.The Symbol Table is scanned twice. The firstscan detects unreferenced statement numbers andlists them on the principal print device. The secondscan detects undefined variables and lists these alsoon the principal print device.The statement string is rearranged (if there wereno errors in the compilation) so that, if they arepresent, the DEFINE FILE Table, format specificationstrings, and arithmetic statement functions precedethe first executable statement.The statement string is scanned for error statements.Two counters are maintained during the scan.The first (STLAB) contains the statement number ofthe last numbered statement encountered. The second(STCNT) contains a count of the statements encounteredsince the last numbered statement. Compilergeneratedstatements and statement numbers are disregardedin these counts.When an error statement is detected, these countersare inserted into the error message along withthe error number for printing.A check is made on all DATA statements. If a dataconstant is defined in COMMON, error 81 is indicated.94

Errors DetectedThe following error is detected in phase 20: 81.allocation found in each of these statements isentered in the Symbol Table. The allocation and thelabel are then deleted from the string entry.PHASE 21Errors DetectedI.Assigns the addresses to statement functions andnumbered statements; inserts the allocations intothe string.There are no errors detected in this phase.• Creates the subroutine initialization call, ifrequired.• Calculates the core requirements of the program;stores the result in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea.• Generates the statement function return linkagecoding.Phase 21 allocates addresses to all numbered statementsand statement functions. The allocation isplaced into the statement string entry, following thestatement number or function label. A calculationof the object program storage requirements is madefrom the Location Counter at the end of allocationand stored in the SOFNS word (word 4) in the FOR-TRAN Communications Area.If the program being compiled is a subprogram,this phase also creates the subroutine initializationcall, CALL SUBIN, along with its dummy arguments;this subroutine directs the insertion of argumentsduring execution of the object program.Errors DetectedThere are no errors detected in this phase.PHASE 22• Inserts the statement allocations into the SymbolTable.• Lists the statement allocations on the principalprint device, if requested.This phase scans the statement string for statementfunction statements and numbered statements. ThePHASE 23• Lists the Features Supported by the program asindicated in the FORTRAN Communications Area.• Lists the System Library subroutines used by theprogram, if requested.• Lists the subprogram names found in the SymbolTable, if requested.Using the indicators in the CCWD word (word 15) inthe FORTRAN Communications Area, phase 23recreates the control records that were recognizedin phase 1. These control records (with the exceptionof *IOCS) are listed on the principal print deviceunder the title 'FEATURES SUPPORTED.According to the indicators in the CCWD word,phase 23 also alters (for purposes of printing only)the names of subprograms in the compiler-generatedcalls to reflect extended precision, if specified.(The actual compiler-generated coding is not altereduntil phase 26.)If requested, a list is made of all the subprogramnames that appear in the Symbol Table (all CALLs).Phase 23 also scans the statement string, bypassingall one-word statements and tagging the names inthe System Library table that are called by the program(all LIBFs). While scanning the SystemLibrary table, phase 23 checks the indicators in theIOCS word (word 16) in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea. A tag is added to the names of thosesubroutines that service the devices indicated in theIOCS word (i. e. , the devices listed in the *IOCScontrol record). The names of the associated conversionsubroutines (if required) are also tagged.The Subroutine table is then scanned and, if requested,the tagged System Library subroutine names arelisted.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 95

Errors DetectedThere are no errors detected in this phase.PHASE 24• Lists the Core Requirements.• Lists the constants and their addresses, ifrequested.Under the heading 'CORE REQUIREMENTS,' phase24 prints the amounts of storage used by the program,COMMON area, and variables. The program nameis printed from the FNAME words (words 11-12) inthe FORTRAN Communications Area.If a list request is specified in the CCWD word(word 15), the real and integer constants are convertedto output coding and listed with their relativeaddresses according to the specified precision.Real constants are listed first, followed by integerconstants.A check is made to see that the core requirementsdo not exceed 32767 words. If they do, the ERRORword (word 11) in the FORTRAN CommunicationsArea is set and output to Working Storage is suppressed.Errors DetectedThere are no errors detected in this phase.PHASE 25• Builds the program header arid data header records;places these records onto the disk inWorking Storage.• Places real and integer constants into WorkingStorage in absolute mode.Phase 25 initially builds the program header anddata header records. These records and the BufferCommunications Area carry information to phase 26.The program header and data header records areplaced in Working Storage.The statement string is searched for DEFINE FILEstatements. These statements are analyzed and thenplaced into Working Storage. The file specificationsare outputted in absolute mode, except for the associatedvariable, which is in relocatable or absolutemode. The statement string is also searched forDATA statements. All data constants are placed inWorking Storage in absolute mode.The Symbol Table is scanned twice. The first scanextracts real constants, computes their allocations,and inserts the allocations into the Symbol Table. Thesecond scan performs the same operations for integerconstants. All constants are placed into WorkingStorage in absolute mode.Errors DetectedThere are no errors detected in this phase.PHASE 26• Converts the compiled statement string to objectcoding.• Places the object program into Working Storage.According to the indicators in the CCWD word (word15) in the FORTRAN Communications Area, phase 26alters the subroutine names referenced by the compiledprogram to reflect, if necessary, extended precisionas specified by the user. Phase 23 made thesame conversion for listing purposes; this phasemakes the conversion during the generation o:' theobject program.Phase 26 converts the statement string into theobject program, which is written in Working Storage.At the completion of the output, the terminationsubroutine (OUTER) inserts the necessary data intothe FORTRAN Communications Area so that the RecoveryPhase can complete the compilation.Errors DetectedThere are no errors detected in this phase.PHASE 27• Sets up the switches and parameters needed bythe Monitor Control Record Analyzer to assumecontrol.• Prints error messages 86, 96 and 9996

This phase is the means by which the compiler returnscontrol to the monitor system. The phase isentered under the following conditions:I. Normal end of compilation, with or withoutprogram errors.2. Disk work area exceeded.3. Control record trap during input phase.In each case the Recovery Phase sets indicatorsin the FORTRAN Communications Area in order toinform the monitor system program called next asto the results of the compilation. Compilation errors,the exceeding of Working Storage, and the trapping ofa monitor control record all cause the compilationoutput to be suppressed, the non-execute switch($NXEQ) to be set, and the non-DUP switch ($NDUP)to be set.If the compilation is successful, the programlength, the number of disk blocks used to store theprogram, and the execution address are all transmittedto DCOM on the master cartridge and toDCOM of the Working Storage cartridge if it is otherthan the master cartridge.Errors DetectedThere are no errors detected in this phase.UPDATING THE MASTER CARTRIDGEIf the compilation is free of errors, DCOM on themaster cartridge is updated as follows:• The program length in disk blocks is placed inDBCT and in one entry in the # WSCT quintuplecorresponding to the cartridge that containsSystem Working Storage.• The execution address (or entry point address)is placed in *ENTY.• One entry in the # FMAT quintuple correspondingto the cartridge that contains System WorkingStorage is set to zero to indicate that the WorkingStorage contains DSF.In addition, if System Working Storage is onother than the master cartridge, # WSCT andFMAT of the cartridge containing System WorkingStorage are updated as described above.Section 11. FORTRAN Compiler 97

SECTION 12. SYSTEM LIBRARYFLOWCHARTSWrite Cartridge ID (ID):Fetch Phase IDs From SLET (FSLEN):Fetch System Subroutine (FSYSU):Write Working Storage Addresses (ADRWS):Initialize Disk Cartridge (DISC):Read *ID Record and Convert (RDREC):Print Cartridge ID (IDENT):Call System Print Subroutine (CALPR):Copy Disk Cartridges (COPY):Delete Core Image Buffer (DLCIB):Dump SLET (DSLET):Maintenance Program (MODIF):SCAT2, Call Processing:SCAT2, Interrupt Processing:SCAT3, Call Processing:SCAT3, Interrupt Processing:UTL01UTL02UTL02UTL03UTL04UTL05UTL06UTL07UTL08UTL09UT L10UTL11-UTL13SCA 01SCA02-SCA03SCA04SCA05-SCA07FORTRAN Non-disk I/0 (SFIO):CARD Z:PRNTZ:PAPT Z:READ Z:WRTYZ:PRNZ:PNCH Z:TYPE Z:HOLE Z:FI001-F1003FI004-FI005FI006FI007FI008F1009FIO10FIO11F1012FIO13The System Library consists of (1) a completelibrary of input/output (except disk I/O), dataconversion, arithmetic, and function subprograms,(2) selective dump subroutines, and (3) specialprograms for disk maintenance.The following is a list of the contents of theSystem Library.UtilityFunction Name si Type Subtype Reference Deck IDSelective Dump on Console Printer DMTDO, DMTXO 4 0 CALL U5B00010Selective Dump on 1132 Printer DMPD1, DMPX1 4 0 CALL U5C00010Dump 80 Subroutine DMP80 4 0 CALL U5A00010Common FORTRANTest Console Entry Switches DATSW 4 8 CALL T3F00010Divide Check Test DVCHK 4 8 CALL T3G00010Functional Error Test FCTST 4 8 CALL T3H00010Overflow Test OVERF 4 8 CALL T3J00010Sense Light Control and Test SLITE, SLITT 4 8 CALL T3L00010FORTRAN Trace Stop TSTOP 4 8 CALL T3M00010FORTRAN Trace Start TSTRT 4 8 CALL T3N00010Selective Dump PDUMP 4 0 CALL T3K00010FORTRAN Sign TransferExtended Precision Transfer of Sign ESIGN 4 8 CALL S2F00010Standard Precision Transfer of Sign FSIGN 4 8 CALL R2F00010Integer Transfer of Sign ISIGN 4 8 CALL T3I00010Extended Precision Arithmetic/FunctionExtended Precision HyperbolicTangent ETANH, ETNH 4 8 CALL S2I00010Extended Precision A**B Function EAXB, EAXBX 4 8 CALL 52000010Section 12. System Library 99

Function Name Type Subtype Reference Deck IDExtended Precision Arithmetic/Function (Cont'd)Extended Precision Natural Logarithm ELN, EALOG 4 8 CALL S2E00010Extended Precision Exponential EEXP, EXPN 4 8 CALL S2D00010Extended Precision Square Root ESQR, ESQRT 4 8 CALL S2H00010Extended Precision Sine-CosineESIN, ESINE,ECOS, .ECOSN 4 8 CALL S2G00010Extended. Precision Arctangent EATN, EAT AN 4 8 CALL S2B00010Extended Precision Absolute ValueFunction EABS, EAVL 4 8 CALL S2A00010Standard Precision Arithmetic/FunctionStandard Precision HyperbolicTangent FTANH, FTNH 4 8 CALL R2I00010Standard Precision A**B Function FAXB, FAXBX 4 8 CALL R2C00010Standard Precision Natural Logarithm FLN, FALOG 4 8 CALL R2E00010Standard Precision Exponential FEXP, FXPN 4 8 CALL R2D00010Standard Precision Square Root FSQR, FSQRT 4 8 CALL R2H00010Standard Precision Sine-CosineFSIN, FSINE,FCOS, FCOSN 4 8 CALL R2G00010Standard Precision Arctangent FATN, FAT.AN 4 8 CALL R2B00010Standard Precision Absolute ValueFunction FABS, FAVL 4 8 CALL R2A00010Common Arithmetic/FunctionFixed Point (Fractional) Square Root XSQR 4 8 CALL T1C00010Integer Absolute Function IABS 4 8 CALL T1B00010Floating Binary/EBCDIC DecimalConversionsFBTD (binary todecimal), FDTB(decimal to binary) 4 0 CALL T1A00010SystemLOCAL/SOCAL Flipper F LIPR 3 U5D00010DCOM Update SYSUP 4 0 CALL U5E00010FORTRAN TraceExtended Floating Variable Trace SEAR, SEABX 3 0 LIBF S2J00010Fixed Variable Trace SIAR, SIARX 3 0 LIBF T6B00010Standard Floating IF Trace SFIF 3 0 LIBF R2K00010Extended Floating IF Trace SEIF 3 0 LIBF S2K00010Fixed IF Trace SIIF 3 0 LIBF T6C00010Standard Floating Variable Trace SFAR, SFARX 3 0 LIBF R2J00010GOTO Trace SGOTO 3 0 LIBF T6A00010FORTRAN I/ONon-Disk Formatted FORTRAN I/O SFIO, SIOI, SIOAI,SIOF, SIOAF ,SIOFX, SCOMP,SWRT, SRED,SIOIX 3 3 LIBF T4C00010FORTRAN Find SD FND 3 1 LIBF T4B00010100

Function Name(s) Type Subtype Reference Deck IDDisk FORTRAN I/OSDFIO, SDRED,SDWRT, SDCOM,SDAF, SDF, SDI,SDIX, SDFX,SDAI 3 1 LIBF T4A00010Unformatted FORTRAN I/O UFIO 3 1 LIEF T4D00010URED, UWRT, UIOI, UIOF ,LTIOAL UIOAF, UIOFX, UIOIX,UCOMP, BCKSP, EOF, REWNDCommon FORTRANFORTRAN Pause PAUSE 3 2 LIBF T2A00010FORTRAN Stop STOP 3 2 LIBF T2B00010FORTRAN Subscript DisplacementCalculation SUBSC 3 0 LIBF T2D00010FORTRAN Subroutine Initialization SUBIN 3 0 LIEF T2C00010FORTRAN Trace Test and Set TTEST, TSET 3 0 LIEF T2E00010FORTRAN I/O and ConversionFORTRAN Card 1442 (Read/Punch) CARD Z 5 3 LIBF T5A00010FORTRAN Card 1442-5 (Punch) PNCHZ 5 3 LIEF T5G00010FORTRAN Card 2501 (Read) READZ 5 3 LIBF T5J00010FORTRAN Paper Tape PAPT Z 5 3 LIBF T5F00010FORTRAN 1132 Printer PRNT Z 5 3 LIBF T5H00010FORTRAN 1403 Printer PRNZ 5 3 LIBF T5I00010FORTRAN Keyboard/Typewriter TYPE Z 5 3 LIBF T5K00010FORTRAN Typewriter WRTYZ 5 3 LIBF T5L00010FORTRAN Hollerith to EBCDICConversion HOLE Z 3 3 LIBF T5D00010FORTRAN Get Address Subroutine GETAD 3 3 LIEF T5C00010FORTRAN EBCDIC Table EBCTB 3 3 - T5B00010FORTRAN Hollerith Table HOLTB 3 3 - T5E00010Extended Precision Arithmetic/FunctionExtended Precision Get Parameter EGETP 3 2 LIBF S1E00010Extended Precision A**I Function EAXI, EAXIX 3 2 LIEF S1B00010Extended Precision Divide EDVR, EDVRX 3 2 LIBF S1D00010Extended Precision Float Divide EDIV, EDIVX 3 2 LIBF S1C00010Extended Precision Float Multiply EMPY, EMPYX 3 2 LIBF S1G00010Extended Precision Subtract Reverse ESBR, ESBRX 3 2 LIBF S1H00010Extended Add-SubtractEADD, ESUB,EADDX, ESUBX 3 2 LIBF S1A00010Extended Load-StoreELD, ELDX, ESTO,ESTOX 3 0 LIBF S1F00010Standard Precision Arithmetic/FunctionStandard Precision Get Parameter FGETP 3 2 LIBF R1E00010Standard Precision A**I Function FAXI, FAXIX 3 2 LIBF R1B00010Standard Precision Divide Reverse FDVR, FDVRX 3 2 LIBF R1D00010Standard Precision Float Divide FDIV, FDIVX 3 2 LIBF R1C00010Standard Precision Float Multiply FMPY, FMPYX 3 2 LIBF R1G00010Standard Precision Subtract Reverse FSBR, FSBRX 3 2 LIBF R1H00010Section 12, System Library 101

Function Name(s) Type Subtype Reference Deck IDStandard Precision Arithmetic/Function (Contid)Standard Add/SubtractFADD, FSUB,FADDX, FSUBX 3 2 LIBF R1A00010Standard Load/StoreFLU, FLEX,FSTO, FSTOX 3 0 LIBF R1F00010Standard Precision Fraction Multiply XMDS 3 2 LIBF S3I00010Common Arithmetic/FunctionFixed Point (Fraction) Double Divide XDD 3 2 LIBF 531300010Fixed Point (Fraction) DoubleMultiply XMD 3 2 LIBF S3H00010Sign Reversal Function SNR 3 2 LIBF S37 00010Integer to Floating Point Function FLOAT 3 0 LIBF S3C00010Floating Point to Integer Function IFIX 3 0 LIBF S3D00010I**J Integer Function FIXI, FIXIX 3 2 LIEF S31300010Normalize NORM 3 0 LIBF S3E00010Floating Accumulator Range Check FARC 3 2 LIBF S3A00010Interrupt ServiceCard Input/Output (No ErrorParameter) CARD 0 5 0 LIBF U2 A0001.0Card Input/Output (ErrorParameter) CARD1 5 0 LIBF U2B00010Disk Input/Output (No PreoperativeParameter Checking) DISKZ* - - SpecialDisk Input/Output (No Simultaneity) DISK1* LIBFHigh-Speed Disk Input/Output(Simultaneity) DISKN* - - LIBFPaper Tape Input/Output PAPT 1 5 0 LIBF U2D00010Single Frame Paper Tape Input/Output PAPTX 5 0 LIBF U2F00010Simultaneous Paper Tape Input/Output PAPTN 5 0 LIBF U2E00010Plotter Output PLOT1 5 0 LIBF U2G000101132 Printer Output PRNT1 5 0 LIBF U2J000101403 Printer Output PRNT3 5 0 LIBF U2K00010Keyboard/Console Printer Input/Output TYPED 5 0 LIBF U2N00010Console Printer Output WRTYO 5 0 LIBF U20000101231 Optical Mark Page Reader OMPR1 5 0 LIBF U2C000102501 Card Input (No Error Parameter) READO 5 0 LIBF U2L000102501 Card Input (Error Parameter) READ 1 5 0 LIBF U2M000101442 Card Output (No Error Parameter) PNCHO 5 0 LIBF U2I1000101442 Card Output (Error Parameter) PNCH1 5 0 LIBF U2100010*Note: Whereas DISKZ, DISK1, and DISKN are not strictly ISS subroutines (they are stored in the System Areaby the System Loader), they are included in this list because they possess many characteristics of ISSsubroutines.102

Function Name(s) Type Subtype Reference Deck IDConversion16 bits to 6 Decimal Characters (CardCode) BIND C 3 LIBF U4B0001032 bits to 11 Decimal Characters BIDEC 3 LIBF U4A0001016 Bits to 4 Hexadecimal Characters(Card Code) BINHX 3 0 LIBF U4C000106 Decimal Characters (Card Code)to 16 bits DCBIN 3 0 LIBF U4G0001011 Decimal Characters to 32 bits DECBI 3 0 LIBF U4H00010EBCDIC to Console Printer OutputCode EBPRT 3 0 LIBF U3A00010Card Code to EBCDIC, EBCDIC toCard Code HOLEB 3 0 LIBF U3B00010Card Code to Console PrinterOutput Code HOLPR 3 0 LIBF U3C000104 Hexadecimal Characters (CardCode) to 16 bits HXBIN 3 0 LIBF U3D00010PTTC/8 to EBCDIC, EBCDIC toPTTC/8 PAPEB 3 0 LIBF U3E00010PTTC/8 to Card Code, Card Codeto PTTC/8 PAPHL 3 0 LIBF U3F00010PTTC/8 to Console Printer OutputCode PAPPR 3 0 LIBF U3G00010Card Code to EBCDIC, EBCDIC toCard Code SPEED 3 0 LIBF U3H00010Fast multi-purpose conversion ZIPCO 3 0 LIBF U3I00010Conversion TablesEBCDIC and PTTC/8 Table EBPA 3 0 - U4K00010Card Code Table HOLL 3 0 - U4P00010Console Printer Output Code Table PRTY 3 0 - U4Q00010EBCDIC to IBM Card Code EBHOL 3 0 - U4J000101403 Code to Console Printer Code PT3CP 3 0 - U4R00010Console Printer Code to 1403 Code CPPT3 3 0 - U4F000101403 Code to EBCDIC PT3EB 3 0 - U4S00010EBCDIC to 1403 Code EBPT3 3 0 - U4L00010IBM Card Code to Console PrinterCode HOLCP 3 0 - U4000010Console Printer Code to IBM CardCode CPHOL 3 0 - U4E00010Console Printer Code to EBCDIC CPEBC 3 0 - U4D00010EBCDIC to Console Printer Code EBCCP 3 0 - U4I00010PTTC/8 Code to IBM Card Code PTHOL 3 0 - U4T00010IBM Card Code to EBCDIC HLEBC 3 0 - U4M00010IBM Card Code to 1403 Printer Code HLPT3 3 0 - U4N00010SCA SubroutinesSCAT1 5 0 LIBF W1F00010PRNT2 5 0 LIBF W1E00010HOLCA 3 0 - W1C00010STRTB 3 0 - W1G00010SCAT2 5 0 LIBF W1H00010SCAT3 5 0 LIBF W1I00010Section 12, System Library 103

SCA Subroutines (Cont'd)MainlineFunction Name Type Subtype Reference Deck IDHXCVEBC48110L48333000W1D00010W1A00010W1B00010Initialize Disk Cartridge DISC 2 U6C00010Print Cartridge ID 'DENT 2 U6F00010Write Cartridge ID ID 2 U6G00010Copy Disk Cartridges COPY 2 U61100010Write WS Addresses ADRWS 2 U6A00010Delete CIB DLCIB 2 U6D 00010Maintenance Program MODIF 2 U6H00010Dump SLET DSLET 2 U6E00010Paper Tape Utility PTUTL 2 U6I00010System/MiscellaneousCall System Print Subroutine CALPR 4 0 CALL U7.A00010Fetch Phase IDs from SLET FSLEN 4 0 CALL U7B00010Fetch System Subroutine FSYSU 4 0 CALL U7B00010Read *ID Record and Convert RDREC 4 0 CALL U7C00010Interrupt Level SubroutinesInterrupt Level Zero Subroutine ILSOO 7 U1A00010Interrupt Level One Subroutine ILSO1 7 U1B00010Interrupt Level Two Subroutine ILS02* 7 1 U1C00010Interrupt Level Three Subroutine ILSO3 7 UlD00010Interrupt Level Four Subroutine ILSO4* 7 1 UlE 000101627 Plotter SubroutinesScale (Extended Prec.) SCALE 4 0 CALL V1N00010Scale (Std. Pree.) SCALE 4 0 CALL V1000010Grid (Extended Prec.) E GRID 4 0 CALL V1C'00010Grid (Std. Prec.) FGRID 4 0 CALL V1B00010Plot (Extended Prec.) EPLOT 4 0 CALL VlD 00010Plot (Std. Prec.) FPLOT 4 0 CALL VlI00010Point Characters POINT 4 0 CALL V1M00010Character (Extended Prec.) E CHAR 4 0 CALL VIA 00010Character (Std. Prec.) FCHAR 4 0 CALL V1F0001OAnnotation (Extended Prec.)ECHRX, ECHRI,Annotation (Std. Prec.)VCHRI 3 0 LIBF V1B00010FCHRX, FCHRI,WCHRI 3 0 LIBF V1G00010Scaler (Extended Prec.) ERULE 3 0 LIBF VIE 00010Scaler (Std. Prec.) FRULE 3 0 LIBF V1J00010Interface PLOTI 3 0 LIBF V1K00010Pen Mover XYPLT 3 0 LIBF V1P000101627 Plot PLOTX 5 0 LIBF V1L0001O*These are special versions that consist only of BIT information.104

Function Name(s) Type Subtype Reference Deck IDDisk I/0Sequential AccessDirect AccessISAM LoadISAM AddISAM SequentialISAM RandomRPG Decimal ArithmeticSEQOP, SEQIO,SEQCLDAOPN, DAIO,DACLSISLDO, ISLD,ISLDCISADO, ISAD,ISADCISEQO, ISE TL,ISEQ, ISEQCISRDO, ISRD,ISRDC3 0 LIBF Z SA3 0 LIBF ZDA3 0 LIBF ZIL3 0 LIBF ZIA3 0 LIBF ZIS3 0 LIBF ZIRAdd, Subtract and NumericCompareRGADD, RGSUB,RGNCP3 0 LIBF YAIMultiply RGMLT 3 0 LIBF YMVDivide RGDIV 3 0 LIBF YDVMove Remainder RGMVR 3 0 LIBF YMRBinary Conversion RGBTD, RGDTB 3 0 LIBF YCNRPG Sterling and EditSterling Input Conversion RGSTI 3 0 LIBF YSISterling Output Conversion RGSTO 3 0 LIBF YSOEdit RGEDT 3 0 LIBF YEDRPG MoveFrom LO Buffer to Core RGMV1, RGMV5 3 0 LIBF YM1From Core to LO Buffer RGMV2 3 0 LIBF YM2MOVE Operation RGMV3 3 0 LIBF YM3MOVEL Operation RGMV4 3 0 LIBF YM4RPG CompareAlphameric RGCMP 3 0 LIBF YACRPG IndicatorsTest RGSI1 3 0 LIBF YI1Set Resulting On RGSI2 3 0 LIBF YI2Set On RGSI3 3 0 LIBF YI3Set Off RGSI4 3 0 LIBF YI4Test for 0 or Blank RGSI5 3 0 LIBF YI5RPG MiscellaneousTest Zone RGTSZ 3 0 CALL YTZConvert to Binary RGCVB 3 0 CALL YC BObject Time Error RGERR 3 0 LIBF YERBlank After RGBLK 3 0 LIBF YBKAlternating Sequence ALTSE - - LIBF -(User-Written)• Section 12. System Library 104.1

'INTERRUPT LEVEL SUBROUTINESINTERRUPT LEVEL TWO SUBROUTINE (ILS02)This interrupt level subroutine is actually a partof the Skeleton Supervisor. However, the CoreLoad Builder requires that a dummy ILS for leveltwo be stored in the System Library. The dummysupplied by IBM is stored in the System Libraryas subtype 1, type 7. The coding in the dummyILSO2 is immaterial, because the Core Load Buildermerely bypasses it when it discovers the subtype 1.If the user supplies his own ILS02, it must bestored in the System Library as subtype 0, type 7.INTERRUPT LEVEL FOUR SUBROUTINE (ILSO4)This interrupt level subroutine is actually a partof the Skeleton Supervisor. However, the CoreLoad Builder requires that a dummy ILS for levelfour be stored in the System Library. The dummysupplied by IBM is stored in the System Libraryas subtype 1, type 7. The dummy ILSO4 consistsonly of a nine-word table followed by a zero, asfollows:10 71 13 33 46 50 60• c 0 ' 3,4C . , R.43.E,R,v,E.D. , .r 4.54 s,E,R,v,eo,1W1 :Ill ::: 1133,41-,R.v,e,0::,,,. .: ,,,, , ,IIMMINIMINIP , ,3,0, „ ,_ ,I 4,0.3 „ . , , , , „ , , , , , , , , ,,,I 1, 4 3. a .2,5,42„0.1. , , , , . , , „ , , , „ ,III3, 5, , „14,, , , , . ,,04.3,6. . , „AE,Y,640,4,2,01,00:111,50,1,6, ,P,R,1,4,7,E,R,6. 37l,,,M14,7_,EMU .0F,' „ . „ .44eD.-4,6-,7,4,84.6 I 41.1),T,c A r aR11■1111 11111The leftmost eight bits of each word contain therelative entry point to the ISS for the associateddevice, and the rightmost eight bits contain @ISTVplus the ISS number. These eight words are usedby the Core Load Builder to construct the IBT forinterrupt level 4.If the user supplies his own ILSO4, it must bestored in the System Library as subtype 0, type 7.MAINLINE PROGRAMSDISK INITIALIZATION PROGRAM (DISC)The disk initialization program has three basicfunctions:• Establishes that the cartridges specified in the*ID record have no more than 3 defective cylindersand that cylinder 0 is not defective• Changes the cartridge labels as specified in the*ID record• Initializes portions of sectors 0, 1, and 2 to setup the cartridges specified as non-system cartridgesDISC first reads an *II) record to obtain FROMand TO cartridge IDs. It then reads current cartridgeIDs from the master cartridge DCOM(#PCID) and compares them with the FROM IDsspecified in the *ID record. If there are any IDsnot found, an error message is printed on theprincipal print device.DISC next seeks home on all drives to beinitialized (up to four), and writes each of 3patterns to an entire cylinder, one sector at a time.The patterns used, in sequence, are /AAAA, /5555,and /0000.DISC then reads back each sector and comparesit with the pattern written (including the sector address).If no error occurs, DISC writes the nextpattern to the same cylinder.If the error bit of the DSW is set at any time orif the data read does not compare with the patternwritten, DISC repeats the write/read sequence forthe entire cylinder 50 times, using the same pattern.If a second error occurs, DISC puts the addressof the first sector on the cylinder in which the erroroccurred in the defective cylinder table.DISC performs this write/read sequence foreach of the 203 cylinders.Section 12. System Library 105

If (1) cylinder zero is defective, (2) more thanthree cylinders are defective, or (3) it is impossibleto write a sector address, DISC types out an errormessage indicating that the cartridge may not beused.If the cartridge is good, DISC writes the defectivecylinder addresses, if any, in the first three wordsof sector @IDAD. Wherever a 'defective cylinderdoes not exist, /0658 is written in the first three wordsof sector @IDAD. DISC also writes the cartridge EDin word four of sector @IDAD, writes zeros in words7-30, and stores an error message program beginningin word 31. If a cold start is attempted using thisnon-system cartridge, control is passed from theCold Start Loader to the error message programinstead of the Cold Start Program. An error messageis printed on the Console Printer and no coldstart is effected.DISC initializes the following words of DCOM(sector @DCOM):Location#ANDU#BNDU#F PAD#CIDN#CIBA#ULETWord12345678Value Inserted/0200/0200/0020Cartridge ID/0008/0002DISC initializes LET (sector 2) as follows:DISC terminates with a CALL EXIT.Contents/0000/0020/0000/0138/0000,/7112 The name1DUMY (in/4528 name code)/0620subroutine FSLEN. This IOAR header is used tocall in the principal print device subroutine whenit is needed by FSYSU.Next, IDENT reads DCOM to obtain #PCID, thetable of disk cartridge IDs and their related physicaldrive numbers.IDENT then prints the cartridge ID and physicaldrive number from the table until all available cartridgeIDs have been printed.IDENT terminates with a CALL EXIT.CHANGE CARTRIDGE ID (ID)This program changes the ID on up to four disk cartridges.The IOAR headers for the principal input device,principal print device, and principal conversionsubroutines are obtained from SLET on the systemcartridge. These subroutines are used for input/output.Using the RDREC subroutine, the *ID record isfetched. RDREC also builds two tables in corestorage from the FROM-TO fields of the *ID record,one in packed EBCDIC for printer output, the otherin binary for matching the cartridge IDs. DOOMis fetched from the master cartridge to obtain thecartridge ID table (#CIDN).Each drive on the system is selected. If theselected drive is present, the cartridge ID isfetched. The ID is matched with the IDs in #CIDN.If no matching ID is found, the ID is printed withan error message and the job is terminated. Thecartridge ID of the selected drive is matched to theIDs in the FROM-TO table. When a match occurs, thecartridge ID is changed to the 'TO' ID; the ID forthe cartridge in #CIDN is changed and the 'TO' IDis written onto the selected drive. IDs that do notmatch entries in the FROM-TO table are bypassed.When all IDs have been processed, #CIDN iswritten back to the master cartridge and the FROM-TO table is printed. After printing the FROM-TOtable, ID terminates with a CALL EXIT.DISK COPY (COPY)PRINT CARTRIDGE ID (IDENT)This program copies the contents of one or moreThis program prints out the ID and the physical drive cartridges (except words 0-3 of sector @IDAD) ontonumber of each disk cartridge mounted on the system. from one to four other cartridges.IDENT first fetches the principal print deviceCOPY first fetches the system device subroutinesubroutine IOAR header from SLET using theIOAR headers from SLET using the RDREC subroutine.106

The system device subroutines are called in by theRDREC subroutine as they are needed by the program.The RDREC subroutine also reads the *IDrecord and converts the numbers to binary andstores them in the FROM-TO table.COPY then checks the FROM and TO field IDsto ensure that each specified cartridge is available.An error message is printed for the unavailableFROM or TO cartridges.All available FROM-TO cartridge combinationsare then processed. Sectors 0 thru 7 of cylinder 0of each source cartridge are read and written, exceptfor the defective cylinder table, to each specifieddestination cartridge. Sectors 0 thru 7 of thenext 199 logical cylinders of each source cartridgeare copied, 4 sectors at a time to each specifieddestination cartridge.One cartridge at a time is processed and at theend of each, a check for a Keyboard interrupt ismade. If any occurred during the previous copy,the interrupt is now processed.After all cylinders from the specified cartridgehave been copied, a completion message is printedusing the principal print device subroutine.COPY terminates with a CALL EXIT.DELETE CIB (DLCIB)This program deletes the Core Image Buffer (CIB)from a non-system cartridge to provide additionaldisk storage area for the User Area and WorkingStorage. An *ID record is used to specify the cartridgeon which the CIB is to be deleted.DLCIB uses the subroutine RDREC to obtainthe system device subroutine IOAR headers fromSLET on the master cartridge and to fetch the *If)record containing the affected cartridge ID. TheRDREC subroutine also converts the specifiedcartridge ID to binary.If the specified cartridge is not present, DLCIBprints an error message and terminates with aCALL EXIT.The CIB of the specified cartridge is deleted.The User Area and Working Storage are movedone cylinder closer to cylinder zero. Accordingly,the file-protection address for the specified cartridgeis altered in the $FPAD quintuple in COMMA.DCOM of the master cartridge is then read.The sector addresses of the CIB, User Area, andWorking Storage are altered. DCOM is writtenback to the master cartridge and to the alteredcartridge.DLCIB prints the new User Area and WorkingStorage addresses for the specified cartridge usingthe principal print device subroutine.DLCIB terminates with a CALL EXIT.DUMP SLET TABLE (DSLET)DSLET dumps the System Location EquivalenceTable (SLET) to the principal print device. Four4-word SLET entries are printed per line.DSLET reads the SLET table into a 640-wordbuffer in core storage, prints the SLET table usingthe principal print device subroutine, and terminateswith a CALL EXIT.Section 12. System Library 107

1130 Disk Data File Conversion ProgramThe following information is designed to assist inunderstanding the program flowcharts by presentingan overall view of the purpose of each major part ofthe program.FLOWCHARTS:CHART ACHART BCHART CCHART DCHART ECHART FCHART GPROGRAM NAME: DFCNVGENERAL PROGRAM DESCRIPTION: The programconverts one 1130 FORTRAN and/or CommercialSubroutine Package (1130-SE-25X) disk data file toone 1130 RPG disk data file. FORTRAN files createdusing logical unit number 10 cannot be converted byDFCNV. Converted files cannot be processed asISAM files. The program accepts all FORTRAN andCommercial Subroutine Package (CSP) disk dataformats and a two-word integer format (see AppendixE). The input data may be a disk data file orthe corresponding cards in card data format. Allprinting is performed on the principal printer. Thesubroutine DISK1 is used to perform all disk I/0operations.PART 1:ENTRY POINT: FC000 (CHART A)The system device subroutines for the principal inputand print devices and input data conversion areread into core and pertinent interrupt pointers areset.• The File Description card (D in column 72) isread and printed, and its fields are diagnosed forerrors.• LET/FLET searches are performed for input(if disk file input specified) and output files andcalculated file sizes are checked against actual filesizes.INTERNAL SUBROUTINES:FC015 - The card read and/or print function in thissection of the program is not specificallysubroutinized, but it is the general cardinput function for the entire program.CONVT- Subroutine which converts a right-justifiedEBCDIC coded decimal field of variablelength to a one word binary value and advancesthe field pointer beyond the fieldjust converted. It accounts for leadingblanks in a File Description (D) card fieldand causes immediate program terminationwhen a D-card field error is detected.SEARC- Subroutine which checks the file name referencedby the field pointer for validity,packs the file name, adds the disk dataformat indicator to the packed file nameand performs the LET/FLET search forthe file.ERRORS DETECTED: The errors detected in part1 are F01, F02, F03, F06 and F08 (see AppendixF).PART 2:ENTRY POINT: FC016 (CHARTS B and C)• The Field Specification cards (S in column 72) areread and printed, each field specification is diagnosedfor errors and the specification information iscompressed and saved.• If it is present, the Commercial Subroutine Package A3 format translation table (A in column 72) isread and printed and the 40 translation charactersare saved.• The end-of-file card (/ * in column 1 and 2) isread and printed.Note: A general flowchart of the compress/save operationdescribed above has been provided in ChartC although this operation is in fact specific to fieldtype. See Appendix for a description of each fieldtype compression.INTERNAL SUBROUTINE:CONVT: Subroutine is described in part 1.ERRORS DETECTED: The errors detected in part 2are F04, F06 and F07. It is noted that only one F04message is printed for each field specification inerror although more than one error may occur withina field specification.PART 3:ENTRY POINT: FCO26 (CHART D)• Final error checking is performed and programt 07. 1 •

termination is effected if any control card or specificationerrors have occurred.• The input data is read, converted and insertedinto the RPG data file.• The operation complete message is printed andcontrol is returned to the supervisor.INTERNAL SUBROUTINE:CDDSK - Subroutine which converts card data formatteddata to disk data format when cardinput is specified and relocates input dataso that it appears to be disk data.Each of the field conversion subroutines is discussedunder part 4.ERRORS DETECTED: The errors detected in part3 are F05, F06 and F09.NOTE: The Disk File protection deliminates$ FPAD - $FPAD +4 of COMMA are modified duringthe conversion portion of DFCNV. These modifiedCOMMA words must be restored prior to furtherprocessing if unforseen problems (accidential immediatestop) cause abnormal termination of DFCNVThese words are restored by DFCNV under normalprogram termination following successful conversion.PART 4FIELD CONVERSION SUBROUTINE (CHARTS E, Fand G):• These subroutines are designed to retrieve theinput field and use the specifications contained in thecompression area to convert the field.• The internal subroutine INSRT (described belowand on CHART G) is called by each conversion subroutineto place the converted field into the outputrecord. Control is then returned to the mainlinepart of the program (part 3) to convert the nextfield.I-conversion (ICNVT): The sign of the integer issaved and its absolute value is converted to 5 decimaldigits (by repeated division by 10). Each digitis placed with positive zone (F) into a 31 word workarea which has been initialized to /F0. The field isthen placed in the RPG record.J-conversion (JCNVT): The sign of the integer issaved and its absolute value is converted to 10 decimaldigits (by repeated division by 10). The decimalconversion is performed by first determiningthe range of the two-word integer, converting thelow order 7 decimal digits, then converting the highorder 3 decimal digits after adjusting for the rangefactor. Each digit is placed with positive zone (F)into a 31 word work area which has been initializedto /F0. The field is then placed in the RPG record.D-conversion (DCNVT): The sign of the CSP D1field is saved (from the low order of the field) and theones' complement of the low order word is taken.Each digit (see D1 data format, Appendix E) is placedwith positive zone (F) into a 31 word work area whichhas been initialized to /F0. The field is then p] acedin the RPG record.E-conversion (ECNVT): The CSP D4 field (see AppendixE) is converted to Dl format and placed in a200 work work area. The subroutine DCNVT isthen used to place the field in the RPG record.B(C)-conversion (BCNVT): The subroutine INSRT iscalled to insert the field into the RPG record (notshown on charts).X-conversion (XCNVT): The input data pointer isadjusted to bypass the number of words specified(not shown on charts).F-conversion (FCNVT): Each word of the input fieldis decoded into 3 translation table displacements bymeans of the following formulae.I> 0, N1=(I/1600)+20N1=(1±32000)/1600N2=(I-(N1-20) *1600)/40N3=I-(N1-20) *1600-(N2*40)where I represents the input word and N1, N2 and N3represent the translation table displacements relativeto card column 40 of the first, second and third characters.The 3 translation characters are then retrievedand placed in the RPG record. This procedure continuesuntil the entire input field has been converted.R-conversion (RCNVT): The real number is loadedinto the FAC and normalized. If the mantissa iszero, the 31 word work area (which has been initializedto /F0) is used to fill the RPG field and controlis returned to the mainline part of DFCNV. If themantissa is non-zero, the sign of the field is savedand the absolute value of the mantissa is used in conjunctionwith FBTN2 and MPY to obtain the decimaldigits. Each digit is placed with positive zone (F)▪ 107. 2

into a 31 word work area which has been initialized to/FO. The field is then placed in the RPG record.The RPG field is set to zeroes or nines if thereal number being converted is too small or too largerespectively to fit into the RPG field.INTERNAL SUBROUTINES:INSRT- Subroutine which places the converted fieldinto the RPG record. It uses the techniqueof placing one eight-bit character (or twofour-bit packed digits) into the RPG fieldat a time, alternating between the left andright halves of a word. If a numeric fieldis packed, two decimal digits are retrievedat a time; if unpacked, single digit retrievalis used. Alphabetic retrieval correspondsto that of numeric unpacked exceptthat characters are returned from units of1,2 or 3 words rather than a one characterper word work area. Once a numeric fieldhas been retrieved, the sign sign is added tothe Field (F=positive; D=negative). SeeDFCNV field type examples section of IBM1130 Disk Monitor System, Version 2, Programmingand Operator's Guide, Form C26-Form C26-3717.FBTN2 - Subroutine which generates the first decimaldigit and the decimal exponent of areal number field (adapted from RBTDsubroutine, see IBM 1130 SubroutineLibrary, Form C26-5929).MPY - Subroutine which generates the decimaldigits of a real number field (adaptedfrom FBTD subroutine, see IBM 1130Subroutine Library, Form C26-5929).EXTERNAL SUBROUTINES:FLD- Subroutine which loads a standard precisionfloating point number into the FAC(see IBM 1130 Subroutine Library, FormC26-5929).E LD— Subroutine which loads an extended precisionfloating point number into the FAC(see IBM 1130 Subroutine Library, FromC26-5929).NORM- Subroutine which normalizes the numberin the FAC (see IBM 1130 SubroutineLibrary, Form C26-5929).ERRORS DETECTED: The F10 error is detected inthe R-conversion subroutine RCNVT.107.3 •

SYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ADAPTERSUBROUTINE (SCAT1)Alarm. If the operation is the turning on/off of theaudible alarm, SCAT1Call Processing1. turns the audible alarm on in the local systemif digit 4 of the control parameter is zeroThe call processing routine2. turns the audible alarm off in the local systemif digit 4 of the control parameter is non-zero• Checks the call parameters for errors 3. returns to the calling routine at LIBF+2.a Sets up the processing of subsequent interrupts Close. If the operation is a Close, SCAT1depending on the operation requested by the call1. resets the SCA• Initiates the requested operation 2. clears the programmed indicators in SCAT13. decrements the $SCAT counter by 1 (word 17Operationin COMMA)4. returns to the calling routine at LIBF+2When entered via a LIBF, SCAT1Open. If the operation is an Open, SCAT11. saves XR1, XR2, accumulator and extension, andstatus1. determines the requested mode of operation2. examines the control parameter to determine the from digit 4 of the control parameter (digit 4operation requestedzero indicates Data In, non-zero indicates Data3. obtains and saves the I/O area address and error Out)routine address parameters if the operation is 2. puts the addresses of the read response, writean Open, Transmit, or Acknowledge and Receive response, and timeout routines for the Openand Error Statisticsoperation into the interrupt branch addresses4. determines, if the operation is a Transmit or 3. begins transmission of the IDLE character forAcknowledge and Receive, from digit 3 of the1. 5 secondscontrol parameter if ILRCs will be present in 4. increments the $SCAT counter by 1transmitted or received data records (digit 3 5. sets the retry counter to 7non-zero indicates ILRCs will be present, zero 6. sets RTBSY on (non-zero)indicates ILRCs will not be present)7. returns to the calling routine at LIBF+4Test. If the operation is a Test, SCAT11. checks the routine busy indicator (RTBSY)2. returns to the calling routine at LIBF+3 ifRTBSY is off (zero)3. returns to the calling routine at LIBF+2 ifRTBSY is on (non-zero)Auto Answer. If the operation is the enabling/disabling of the auto answer interrupt, SCAT11. (if digit 4 of the control parameter is zero)enables the auto answer interrupt, saves theI/O area address, and returns to the callingroutine at LIBF+32. (if digit 4 of the control parameter is non-zero)disables the auto answer interrupt and returnsto the calling routine at LIBF+2Transmit. If the operation is a Transmit, SCAT11. puts the addresses for the read response,write response, and timeout routines for theTransmit operation into the interrupt branchaddresses2. determines the type of transmission from digit 2of the control parameter (digit 2 equal to 0indicates transmission of a data record, 1 indicatestransmission of the End of Transmissionsequence, and 2 indicates transmission of theTelephone sequence)3. performs a Start Write (puts the SCA in the transmitmode and causes a write response interrupt)4. sets the retry counter to 75. sets RTBSY on (non-zero)6. returns to the calling routine at LIBF+4108

Acknowledge and Receive. If the operation is anAcknowledge and Receive, SCAT11. puts the addresses of the read response, writeresponse, and timeout routines for the Receiveoperation into the interrupt branch addresses2. determines the type of acknowledgement to betransmitted from digit 2 of the control parameter(digit 2 zero indicates a positive acknowledgement,non-zero indicates a negative acknowledgment)3. performs a Start Write (puts the SCA in thetransmit mode and causes a write responseinterrupt)4. sets the retry counter to 75. sets RTBSY on (non-zero)0, returns to the calling routine at LIBF+4ErrorsWhen SCAT1 detects an error in the calling processing,a code indicating the error found is placed inthe accumulator, the address of the LIBF is placedinto location 40 in COMMA, and a branch is takento location 41, a WAIT. When PROGRAM STARTis pressed, a branch is taken to the address inlocation 40 (i.e. , the LIBF is re-executed).Interrupt ProcessingThe interrupt processing routine• Handles read response, write response, andtimeout interrupts for the Open, Transmit, andReceive operations• Handles the auto answer request interrupt• Maintains an error statistics log of certain error• Is able to log timeouts and all characters transmittedand receivedOperationThe paragraphs below describe the processing performedby SCAT1 to accomplish an entire operation(Open-Data In, Open-Data Out, Transmit, orAcknowledge and Receive). Actually, this processingis accomplished in a series of interrupts initiated bythe user's call to SCAT1.An interrupt occurs for each character receivedor transmitted. SCAT1, by means of programmedindicators, keeps track of the characters to bereceived or transmitted next. After transmissionor reception of each character, SCAT1 returns tothe interrupted program.At the completion of an entire operation, a turnaroundof the line occurs and IDLE characters aretransmitted for 1.5 seconds. During this 1.5seconds the user must call SCAT1, specifying thenext operation to be performed.When entered from ILSO1 due to an interrupt bythe SCA, SCAT1 senses the device status word todetermine the type of interrupt.Write Response Interrupt. If a write responseinterrupt has occurred, SCAT11. branches to the write response routine pointedto by the interrupt response addresses as setup in the call processingRead Response Interrupt. If a read responseinterrupt has occurred, SCAT11. checks to determine if a simultaneous timeoutinterrupt has occurred2. branches to the timeout routine pointed to bythe interrupt response addresses as set up inthe call processing if a simultaneous timeoutinterrupt has occurred3. reads the character received by the SCA intocore storage if no simultaneous timeoutinterrupt has occurred4. branches to the read response routine pointedto by the interrupt response addresses as §etup in the call processingTimeout Interrupt. If a timeout interrupt has occurred,SCAT11. branches to the timeout routine pointed to by theinterrupt response addresses as set by thecall processingAuto Answer Interrupt. If an auto answer interrupthas occurred, SCAT11. determines from bit 6 of the DSW if the autoanswer interrupt is disabled/enabled (bit 6zero indicates disabled, 1 enabled)2. returns to ILSO1 if the auto answer interruptis disabled3. stores a non-zero value at the I/O area addressif the auto answer interrupt is enabled4. disables the auto answer interrupt5. returns to ILSO1Write Response (Open). If the mode of operationis Data In, the write response routine1. transmits the End of Idle sequence2. performs a Start Read (puts the SCA in the1 08. 1

eceive mode and causes a read responseinterrupt)If the mode of operation is Data out, the writeresponse routine1. transmits the End of Idle sequence2. performs a Start Read3. (when the read response routine has receivedthe End of Idle sequence in response to theEnd of Idle sequence) transmits the Inquirysequence4. performs a Start ReadRead Response (Open). If the mode of operation isData In, the read response routine1. (when the write response routine has transmittedthe End of Idle sequence) expects toreceive the Inquiry sequence2. (if the Inquiry sequence is received) setsRTBSY off (zero), turns the line, around, andbegins transmission of the IDLE characterfor 1. 5 seconds (the Open-Data In operation iscomplete)3. (if the End of Idle sequence is received) turnsthe line around and begins transmission of theIDLE character for 1.5 seconds4. (if the Inquiry sequence is not received)branches to the timeout routineIf the mode of operation is Data Out, the readresponse routine1. (when the write response routine has transmittedthe End of Idle sequence) expects to receivethe End of Idle sequence(if the End of Idle sequence is received) turnsthe line around and begins transmission of theIDLE character for 1.5 seconds3. (if the End of Idle sequence is not received)branches to the timeout routine(when the End of Idle sequence has beenreceived and the write response routine hastransmitted the Inquiry sequence) expects toreceive the CL character followed by theACK2 character5. (if the CL character followed by the ACK2character is received) sets RTBSY off (zero),turns the line around, and begins transmissionof the IDLE character for 1.5 seconds (theOpen-Data Out operation is complete)(if the CL character is not received,or if the CL character is not followedby the ACK2 character) branches to thetimeout routineTimeout (Open). If the mode of operation is datain, the timeout routine1. branches to the user's error routine if a dataset failure has occurred2. (on the first through seventh entries to thisroutine) decrements the retry counter by 1,begins transmission of the IDLE character for1.5 seconds, and returns to the interruptedroutine while another attempt is made to receivethe expected sequence3. (on the eighth entry to this routine) branches tothe user's error routine if synchronization hasnot been established (after 7 attempts the End ofIdle sequence was not received in response tothe End of Idle sequence)4. (on the eighth entry to this routine) branches tothe user's error routine if nothing is receivedin response to the End of Idle sequence5. (on return from the user's error routine) resetsthe retry counter to 7 if the accumulator is nonzeroand returns to ILSO16. performs a Close operation (see "Close" underCall Processing, above) if the accumulator iszero and returns to ILSO1If the mode of operation is Data Out, the timeoutroutine1. branches to the user's error routine if a dataset failure has occurred2. (on the first through seventh entries to thisroutine) decrements the retry counter by 1,begins transmission of the IDLE character for1. 5 seconds, and returns to the interruptedroutine while another attempt is made to receivethe expected sequence3. (on the eighth entry to this routine) branches tothe user's error routine if synchronization hasnot been established (after 7 attempts the Endof Idle sequence was not received in responseto the End of Idle sequence)4. (on the eighth entry to this routine) branches tothe user's error routine if nothing is receivedin response to the End of Idle sequence5. (on the eighth entry to this routine) branches tothe user's error routine if the Inquiry sequenceis received in response to the End of Idlesequence or in response to the Inquiry sequence6. (on return from the user's error routine) resetsthe retry counter to 7 if the accumulator is nonzeroand returns to ILSO17. performs a Close operation (see "Close" underCall Processing, above) if the accumulator iszero and returns to ILSO1108. 2

Write Response (Transmit). If the type of transmissionis Transmit Data, the write response routine1. (following the initial write response interrupt)transmits the Start of Record sequence, usingthe appropriate start of record character--SOR1 for odd numbered records, SOR2 for evennumbered records2. next, transmits the data characters from theI/O area, building and transmitting ILRCs, ifrequired3. and finally, transmits the End of Record sequenceat the depletion of the data word count4. performs a Start Read (puts the SCA in thereceive mode and causes a read responseinterrupt)If the type of transmission is Transmit EOT,the write response routine1. (following the initial write response interrupt)transmits the End of Transmission sequence2. performs a Start ReadIf the type of transmission is Transmit TEL, thewrite response routine1. (following the initial write response interrupt)transmits the Telephone sequence2. performs a Start ReadRead Response (Transmit). If the type of transmissionis Transmit Data, the read response routine1. (when the write response routine has transmittedthe Start of Record sequence, using the appropriatestart of record character, followedby the data characters, followed by the End ofRecord sequence) expects to receive an acknowledgementincluding the appropriateacknowledgement character--ACK1 for oddnumbered records, ACK2 for even numberedrecords--or the Error Received sequence2. (if the appropriate acknowledgement is received)turns the line around, and begins transmissionof the IDLE character for 1. 5 seconds (theTransmit Data operation is complete)3. (if the Error Received sequence is received)decrements the retry counter by 1 and re-issuesthe initial Start Write to transmit the data record4. (if, after 7 attempts to transmit the data record,the appropriate acknowledgement is not received)branches to the user's error routine5. (on return from the user's error routine) resetsthe retry counter to 7 and re-issues the initialStart Write to transmit the data record if theaccumulator is positive6. sets RTBSY off (zero), turns the line around,and begins transmission of the IDLE characterfor 1.5 seconds if the accumulator is negative(the Transmit Data operation is complete)7. performs a Close operation (see "Close" underCall Processing, above) if the accumulator iszero8. (if nothing is received in response to the transmitteddata record) a timeout occurs9. (if the something other than the appropriateacknowledgement or the Error Received sequenceis received) decrements the retry counter by 1and issues the Start Write to transmit the Inquirysequence; then turns the line around and expectsto receive the appropriate acknowledgementIf the type of transmission is Transmit EOT, theread response routine1. (when the write response routine has transmittedthe End of Transmission sequence) expects toreceive the End of Transmission sequence2. (if the End of Transmission sequence is received)sets RTBSY off (zero), turns the line around,and begins the transmission of the IDLE characterfor 1.5 seconds (the Transmit EOToperation is complete)3. (if the End of Transmission sequence is notreceived) decrements the retry counter by 1and re-issues the initial Start Write to transmitthe End of Transmission sequence4. (if, after 7 attempts to transmit the End ofTransmission sequence, the End of Transmissionis not received in response) branches tothe user's error routine5. (on return from the user's error routine) resetsthe retry counter to 7 and re-issues the initialStart Write to transmit the End of Transmissionsequence if the accumulator is positive6. sets RTBSY off (zero), turns the line around,and begins transmission of the IDLE characterfor 1.5 seconds if the accumulator is negative(the Transmit EOT operation is complete)7. performs a Close operation (see "Close" underCall Processing, above) if the accumulator iszeroIf the type of transmission is Transmit TEL, theread response routine1. (when the write response routine has transmittedthe Telephone sequence) expects to receive theTelephone sequence in response108. 3

2. (if the Telephone sequence is received) setsRTBSY off (zero), turns the line around, andbegins transmission of the IDLE character for1.5 seconds (the Transmit TEL operation iscomplete)3. (if the Telephone sequence is not received)decrements the retry counter by 1 and re-issuesthe initial Start Write to transmit the Telephonesequence4. (if, after 7 attempts to transmit the Telephonesequence, the Telephone sequence is notreceived in response) branches to the user'serror routine5. (on return from the user's error routine) resetsthe retry counter to 7 and re•-issues the initialStart Write to transmit the Telephone sequenceif the accumulator is positive.6. sets RTBSY off (zero), turns the line around,and begins transmission of the IDLE characterfor 1.5 seconds if the accumulator is negative(the Transmit TEL operation is complete)performs a Close operation (see "Close" underCall. Processing, above) if the accumulator iszeroTimeout (Transmit). If a timeout interrupt occurs,the timeout routine1. branches to the read response routine to handlethe timeout as if an invalid response wasreceivedWrite Response (Receive). The write responseroutine(if a data record was received in the lastAcknowledge and Receive operation) transmitsan acknowledgement, including the appropriateacknowledgement character--ACK1 for oddnumbered records, ACK2 for even numberedrecords (if the acknowledge is to be positive);then performs a Start Read (puts the SCA in thereceive mode and causes a read responseinterrupt)(if a data record was received in the lastAcknowledge and Receive operation) transmitsthe Error Received sequence (if the acknowledgementis to be negative); then performs a StartRead(if the End of Transmission sequence has beenreceived) transmits the End of Transmissionsequence; then performs a Start Read4. (if the Telephone sequence has been received)transmits the Telephone sequence; then performsa Start ReadRead Response (Receive). The read response routine1. (after the appropriate acknowledgement has beentransmitted) expects to receive (1) the Start ofRecord sequence, followed by the data record(including ILRCs, if required), followed by theEnd of Record sequence,(2) the End of Transmissionsequence,(3) the Telephone sequence, or(4) the Inquiry sequence2. (while receiving data characters) builds an LRCto check against the ILRC/LRC received3. (if 1 above is received) compares the LRC builtagainst the ILRC/LRC and indicates an error inthe data record if they are not identical4. (if 1 without errors, or 2 above is received) setsRTBSY off (zero), turns the line around, andbegins transmission of the IDLE character for1.5 seconds (the Acknowledge and Receiveoperation is complete)5. (if 3 above is received) branches to the user'serror routine6. (on return from the user's error routine) transmitsthe Telephone sequence; then performsa Start Read (puts the SCA in receive mode andcauses a read response interrupt)7. (if 4 above is received) turns the line around,re-transmits the appropriate acknowledgement;then performs a Start Read8. (if characters other than one of the above--1, 2,3, or 4-- or 1 above, with errors, are received)decrements the retry counter by 1, turns theline around, and transmits the Error Receivedsequence; then performs a Start Read9. (if, after 7 attempts, one of 1, 2, 3, or 4 aboveis not received) branches to the user's errorroutine10. (on return from the user's error routine) resetsthe retry counter to 7 and re-transmits theError Received sequence attempting again toreceive one of 1, 2, 3, or 4 above, if theaccumulator is positive11. sets RTBSY off (zero), turns the line around,and begins transmission of the IDT,E characterfor 1.5 seconds if the accumulator is negative(the Acknowledge and Receive operation iscomplete)12. performs a Close operation (see "Close" underCall Processing, above) if the accumulator iszero13. (if nothing is received in response to the lastacknowledgement transmitted) a timeout occursTimeout (Receive). The timeout routine1. (if nothing is received in response to the lastacknowledgement transmitted) branches to the108.4

ead response routine to handle the timeout as Closeif an invalid response was receivedSYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ADAPTERSUBROUTINE (SCAT2)Call ProcessingChart: GAThe call processing portion of SCAT2• Checks the call parameters for errors. SCAT2exits to the pre-operative error trap (word 4010in COMMA) on any errors detected.• Performs an Auto Answer, Alarm, Test, orClose operation.• Sets up, according to the call parameters, therequired switches and storage locations. Theseswitches and storage locations are used by theinterrupt processing portion of SCAT2 to performthe requested operation during subsequentinterrupts.• Initiates a Receive, Transmit Block, TransmitText, or Transmit End operation.When entered via LIBF, SCAT2 saves the contentsof index registers 1 and 2, the accumulator, theextension, and the status indicators. SCAT2 thenperforms the processing described below for thevarious operations.TestIf RTBSY is non-zero, SCAT2 returns to the callingroutine at LIBF+2. If RTBSY equals zero, SCAT2returns to the calling routine at LIBF+3,Auto AnswerAccording to digit 3 of the control parameter, SCAT2either disables the auto answer interrupt and returnsto the calling routine at LIBF+2 or enables the autoanswer interrupt, saves the I/O area address parameterat ANS, and returns to the calling routine atLIBF+3.AlarmAccording to digit 3 of the control parameter, SCAT2either turns the audible alarm on or turns it off. Ineither case, SCAT2 returns to the calling routine atLIBF+2.SCAT2 resets the SCA, clears the appropriateswitches and storage locations, disconnects the SCAfrom the communications line, and returns to thecalling routine at LIBF+2.Receive, Transmit Block, Transmit Text, TransmitEndSCAT2, according to the call parameters, sets upthe switches and storage locations required for therequested operation (see Switches and StorageLocations). In all cases the idle register is loadedwith the SYN character. The acknowledgements areinitialized for a Receive Initial or Transmit Initialoperation. The SCA is placed in the receive mode fora Receive Initial operation; otherwise, it is placed inthe synchronize mode. SCAT2 then sets RTBSY nonzeroand returns to the calling routine at LIBF+4.Error StatisticsThe address to an error statistics log is given tothe user.OptionsAccording to digit 2 of the control parameter, theoptions specified in digit 4 of the control parameterare either enabled or disabled.Interrupt ProcessingCharts: GB, GCThe interrupt processing portion of SCAT2• Handles read response, write response, and timeoutinterrupts for Receive, Transmit Block,Transmit Text, and Transmit End operationsaccording to the pertinent switches and storagelocations.• Handles the auto answer request interrupt.• Checks for errors in the data and communicationsequences received. SCAT2 exits to the user'serror routine to process any errors detected.• Maintains an error statistics log of certain errors.• Logs timeouts and all characters transmitted andreceived.108.5

During the series of interrupts initiated by thecall processing portion of SCAT2, the interruptprocessing portion performs the Receive, TransmitBlock, Transmit Text, or Transmit End operationaccording to the switches and storage locations set u}:in the call processing. An interrupt occurs (1) whena character has been received in or transmitted bythe SCA, (2) on a timeout of the receive (3 second)timer, (3) on a timeout of the transmit (1.5 second)timer used during transmission of Normal EBCDICtext, (4) on a timeout of the program (approximately22 second) timer used during transmission of Full-Transparent text, or (5) on a timeout of the programtimer during a Receive Initial operation if the programtimer is specified to be used. The interrupt1processing consists of updating the switches andstorage locations(see Switches and storage Locations),error checking, and reception or transmission of thenext message or control character, as appropriate.After processing an interrupt, SCAT2 returns to theinterrupted program.When entered from ILSO1 due to an interrupt bythe SCA, SCAT2 senses and resets the device statusword (DSW) to determine the type of interrupt.SCAT2 interrogates the DSW bits in, the followingorder: auto answer request (bit 4), ready (bit 7),read response (bit 0), write response (bit 1), andtimeout (bit 3). According to the DSW bits SCAT2performs the processing described below for thevarious types of interrupt.Auto Answer RequestIf the auto answer request interrupt is disabled,SCAT2 returns to ILS01. If it is enabled, SCAT2stores a non-zero value at the address found in ANS,disables the auto answer request interrupt, andnormally returns to ILS01. If an exit to a user'sroutine is specified in an optional call to SCAT2, thisexit with the accumulator equal to zero is takenbefore the return to ILS01.ReadyThe ready bit of the DSW must equal one in order forSCAT2 to process a read response, write response,or timeout interrupt. If the ready bit equals zero,an error is indicated and SCAT2 branches to the user'serror routine.Read ResponseIn the receiving station, read response interruptsoccur as message characters are received; in thetransmitting station, read response interrupts occuras acknowledgements to the messages transmittedare received.SCAT2 reads the character received by the SCAinto storage at BUF. Then, according to the switchesand storage locations set up in the call processingor in previous interrupt processing, SCAT2 transfersa message character to the user's I/O area ordetermines which control character was received.SCAT2 tests, sets, and/or resets the switches andstorage locations depending on the characterreceived and returns to ILSO1.During the reception of a message SCAT2 resetsthe 3-second timer each time the synchronous idlesequence is received to prevent an erroneous receivetimeout.Write ResponseIn the receiving station, write response interruptsoccur as acknowledgements to the messages receivedare transmitted; in the transmitting station, writeresponse interrupts occur as message charactersare transmitted.SCAT2 determines from the switches and storagelocations set up in the call processing or in previousinterrupt processing the message or control characterto be transmitted. SCAT2 tests, sets, and/orresets the switches and storage locations dependingon the character to be transmitted. SCAT2 thenloads the character to be transmitted into the SCAfor transmission and returns to ILSO1.During the transmission of Full-Transparent text,SCAT2 loads the idle register in the SCA with theDLE character so that the proper synchronous idlesequence (DLE SYN) is transmitted whenever acharacter gap occurs.TimeoutSCAT2 tests, sets, and/or resets switches andstorage locations depending on the operation inprogress and the point at which the timeout occurred.SCAT2 then, if appropriate, performs specialprocessing according to the switches and storagelocations and returns to ILS01.The program timer causes a timeout interruptevery .22 seconds (approximately) during the transmissionof Full-Transparent text. This interruptdoes not occur simultaneously with a write responseinterrupt. As the result of this interrupt SCAT2sets TOIND non-zero, causing the synchronous idlesequence (DLE SYN) to be transmitted on the nexttwo write response interrupts.The transmit timer causes a timeout interruptevery 1.5 seconds during the transmission of108. 6

Normal EBCDIC text. This interrupt occurssimultaneously with a write response interrupt.As the result of this interrupt SCAT2 sets TOINDnon-zero, causing the synchronous idle sequence(SYN SYN) to be transmitted.The receive timer determines the maximum time(3 seconds) that (1) a transmitting station will waitfor a reply or (2) a receiving station will .receivemessage characters between synchronous idlesequences. The receive timer is reset and restartedeach time the synchronous idle sequence isreceived. As the result of a receive timer interrupt,SCAT2 sets XMENQ non-zero, causing the transmittingstation to transmit ENQ next.The program timer causes a timeout interruptduring a Receive Initial operation if no ENQ isreceived and the program timer is specified to beused.Switches and Storage LocationsACK and ACK+1Use/Contents. Storage locations containing thealternating positive acknowledgements. ACK containsthe current acknowledgement; ACK+1 containsthe alternative acknowledgement.Notes. During the call processing for a Receive/Transmit Initial or Transmit End operation, ACKand ACK+1 are loaded with ACKO and ACK1, respectively.During interrupt processing the contentsof ACK and ACK+1 are exchanged following thesuccessful completion of each Receive Continue,Transmit Block, or Transmit Text operation.ANSUse/Contents. A storage location containing theaddress of the location where the auto answer indicationis to be stored.Notes. During the call processing for an AutoAnswer Enable operation, the I/O area addressparameter is saved at ANS. During interrupt processingthe location whose address is contained in ANSis set non-zero whenever an auto answer requestinterrupt occurs.BCCAUse/Contents. A storage location containing theCRC-16 accumulated for the message just transmitted/received.Notes. The CRC-16 is accumulated in BCCA by theCALC subroutine.BCCRUse/Contents. A storage location containing theCRC-16 received following the message justreceived.Notes. The CRC-16 received in BCCR is comparedto the CRC-16 accumulated by the receiving stationin BCCA to determine whether or not the messagewas received correctly.BCC1Use. A switch indicating in a Transmit operationwhich half of the CRC-16 is being transmitted; in aReceive operation that the next character to bereceived is the CRC-16.Settings. For a Transmit operation,Zero = Transmit the second half of the CRC-16Non-zero = Transmit the first half of the CRC-16For a Receive operation,Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = CRC-16 is next character to bereceivedNotes. BCC1 is set non-zero in a Receive operationwhen the end character (ETB or ETX) has beenreceived or in a Transmit operation when the numberof characters to be transmitted (see COUNT) hasbeen decremented to zero. BCC1 is set to zeroafter the entire CRC-16 has been received (Receiveoperation) or after the first half of the CRC-16 hasbeen transmitted (Transmit operation).BCC2Use. A switch indicating which half of the CRC-16is being received.Settings.Zero = Receive the first half of the CRC-16Non-zero = Receive the second half of the CRC-16Notes. BCC2 is set non-zero after the first half ofthe CRC-16 has been received. BCC2 is set to zeroafter the second half of the CRC-16 has been received.108. 7

BUFUse/Contents. A storage location through whichmessage characters pass when being transferredfrom the I/0 area to the SCA or from the SCA to theI/O area.Notes. The character in BUF is the characterreceived by the SCA that caused the last read responseinterrupt or the character to be transmitted next bythe SCA.CLOSEUse. A switch indicating that a Close operation is tobe performed if no response is received to a transmittedEOT.Settings.Zero = Close if no response to EOTNon-zero = Do NOT Close if no response to EOTNotes. CLOSE is set during the call processingfor a Transmit End operation according to digit 4of the control parameter.COUNTUse/Contents. A storage location containing thenumber of characters transmitted from or the numberof characters that were stored into the user's I/0 area.Notes. The number in COUNT is incremented duringinterrupt processing as characters are transmitted/received. At the end of a Transmit operation, COUNTequals the number of characters transmitted. At theend of a Receive operation, COUNT equals the numberof characters stored in the I/O area.:DLSTXUse. A switch indicating that the DLE STX sequence,which precedes a message or portion of a messagein Fun-Transparent text, has not yet been encounteredin the message being transmitted.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = DLE STX sequence not yet encounteredNotes. DLSTX is set non-zero if the first characterof a message in Full-Transparent text is not DLE.DLSTX is set to zero after the character followingthe first DLE (i. e. , STX) has been transmitted.DSWUse/Contents. A storage location containing thedevice status word (DSW) saved following the lastinterrupt.EOTRPUse/Contents. A switch indicating whether a readresponse should be performed after transmitting anEOT or not.Settings.Zero = Read response to EOTNon-zero = Do NOT Read response to EOTNotes. EOTRP is set during call processing for aTransmit End operation according to digit 3 of thecontrol parameter.ERRUUse/Contents. A storage location containing theerror code to be placed in the accumulator beforebranching to the user's error routine.Notes. ERRU contains the error code for the postoperationerror detected by SCAT2.FCODEUse. A switch indicating the function to be performed.Settings.Negative = ReceiveZero = Transmit EndPositive = Transmit Block/TextNotes. FCODE is set during call processing accordingto digit 1 of the control parameter.FIRSTUse. A switch indicating whether or not the firstcharacter has been transmitted from or received inthe user's I/O area.Settings.Zero = First character transmitted/receivedNon-zero = First character not yet transmitted/received108. 8

Notes. FIRST is set non-zero during call processing.FIRST is set to zero during interrupt processingwhen the first character is transferred to orfrom the user's I/O area.IOARUse/Contents. A storage location containing theaddress of the user's I/0 area.Notes. The I/O area address parameter is savedat IOAR during call processing,LSDLEUse. A switch indicating that the last charactertransmitted or received was DLE.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Last character was DLENotes. LSDLE is set to zero during call processing;it is set to zero during interrupt processing wheneverit is non-zero and the character being transmittedis not DLE. LSDLE is set non-zero duringinterrupt processing when DLE is transmitted orreceived.OPTSWUse/Contents. A switch indicating which user optionsare active.Settings. The options are indicated by bit switches.Bit 13 = 1 A no-error exit to a user 's routine isprovided (acc = 0000 16)when the lastinterrupt of an operation has been serviced.Bit 14 = 1 An immediate exit to a user's routine isprovided (acc = 0020 ) when a timeout6.occurs prior to receiving an ENQ on aReceive Initial operation using the thirdtimer.Bit 15 = 1 An immediate exit to a user's routine isprovided (acc = 0020 ) when a timeout6.occurs prior to receiving an ENQ on aReceive Initial operation using the normal3-second timer.Notes; The bit switches are set and reset duringcall processing.OVFLOUse. A switch indicating that the message receivedexceeds the size of the user's I/0 area.Settings.NXTPDUse/Contents. A switch indicating that a pad (FF16)character is to be transmitted next.Settings,Zero = Do not transmit the pad characterNon-zero = Transmit the pad characterNotes. NXTPD is set non-zero after each turnaroundcharacter or sequence has been transmitted. NTXPDis set to zero after the pad character has been transmitted.OPERRUse/Contents. A storage location containing theaddress of a user's routine which is to be enteredas specified in an optional call to SCAT2.Notes. The address parameter is saved at OPERRduring call processing.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Overflow of the user's I/0 area hasoccurredNotes. OVFLO is set non-zero during interruptprocessing when the character just received cannotbe stored in the user's I/O area (i.e. , COUNT isnow equal to WDCNT+1).PACKUse/Contents. A switch indicating whether themessage to be transmitted/received isspecified as unpacked (i. e. one character perword) or packed (two characters per word).Settings.Zero = Message specified as unpackedNon-zero = Message specified as packedNotes. PACK is set during call processing accordingto digit 2 of the control parameter.108. 9

POINTUse/Contents. A storage location containing theaddress, of the location within the user's I/0 areawhere the next character to be transmitted is locatedor where the next character received is to be stored.Notes. The address in POINT is incremented duringinterrupt processing as characters are transmittedor received.RETRY'Use/Contents. A storage location used as the retrycounter. RETRY contains the number of times anoperation is to be attempted,Notes. RETRY is set to eight during call processing.RETRY is decremented by one each time an operationis reattempted. When RETRY equals zero, it isreset to 7 and an exit is made to the user's errorroutine.RTBSYUse. A switch indicating whether or not SCAT2 isbusy, i. e. , is performing a previously initiatedoperation that has not been completed.Settings.Zero = SCAT2 not busyNon--zero = SCAT2 busyNotes. RTBSY is set non-zero during the callprocessing for Receive, Transmit Block, TransmitText, and Transmit End operations. RTBSY is setto zero during interrupt processing when the operationis completed.SLVMSUse. A switch indicating whether this station, in theevent of contention, is to be the master station orthe slave station.Settings.Zero = MasterNon--zero = SlaveNotes. ;SLVMS is set during the call processing fora Transmit Initial Block/Text operation accordingto digit 3 of the control parameter.STXINUse. A switch indicating that STX is the next characterto be transmitted or received.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Next character to be transmitted/received is STXNotes. STXIN is set non-zero when the first DLEcharacter of a message in Full-Transparent texthas been transmitted/received. STXIN is set tozero after the character following the first DLE(i. e. , STX) has been transmitted/received.SUBFUse. A switch indicating the sub-function of thefunction to be performed.Settings.Negative = Receive/Transmit Initial or TransmitEOTZero = Receive/Transmit Continue or TransmitDLE EOTPositive = Receive RepeatNotes. SUBF is set during call processing accordingto digit 2 of the control parameter.SYN2Use. A switch indicating that the synchronous idlesequence is to be transmitted next.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Insert the synchronous idle sequencefollowing a transmit timeoutNotes. SYN2 is set to zero during the call processingfor a Transmit Initial or Transmit Continueoperation; it is set to zero during interrupt processingafter the synchronous idle sequence has beentransmitted. SYN2 is set non-zero during interruptprocessing when a timeout occurs during transmission.SYN5Use/Contents. A storage location containing thenumber of SYN (padding) characters that are toprecede every transmission.108.10

Notes. During call processing SYN5 is set to five.During interrupt processing the number in SYN5 isdecremented by one for each SYN character transmitted.When SYN5 equals zero, transmission ofthe message characters or control sequence follows.TBTXUse. A switch indicating whether Block or Texttransmission is to be performed.Settings.Zero = BlockNon-zero = TextNotes. TBTX is set during call processing accordingto digit 1 of the control parameter.TENDUse. A switch indicating that the next character tobe transmitted is ETB (in a Transmit Block operation)or ETX (in a Transmit Text operation).Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero ETB or ETX is next character to betransmittedNotes. TEND is set non-zero when all charactersof a message in Full-Transparent text has beentransmitted. TEND is set to zero after the endcharacter (ETB or ETX) has been transmitted.TEXTMUse. A switch indicating the type of text to betransmitted.Settings.Zero = Normal EBCDIC textNon-zero = Full-Transparent textNotes. TEXTM is set during the call processing fora Transmit Block/Text operation according to digit4 of the control parameter.TOINDUse. A switch indicating that a receive timeout hasoccurred.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Receive timeout has occurredNotes. TOIND is set non-zero when a receivetimeout occurs in the transmitting station whilewaiting to receive an acknowledgement. TOIND isset to zero when an acknowledgement is received.TRANSUse. A switch indicating that Full-Transparent textis being transmitted/received or that the CRC-16 isthe next character to be received.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Full-Transparent text being transmitted/received,or CRC-16 is nextcharacter to be received (if BCC1 isalso non-zero)Notes. TRANS is set to zero during call processing;it is set to zero during interrupt processing afterthe end character (ETB or ETX) has been transmittedoorafter an acknowledgement has been transmitted.TRANS is set non-zero when the sequenceDLE STX is encountered in transmitting or receiving,or when the end character (ETB or ETX) is received(see BCC1).USERRUse/Contents. A storage location containing theaddress of the user's error routine.Notes. The error routine address parameter issaved at USERR during call processing.WDCNTUse/Contents. A storage location containing the wordcount of the message for a Transmit operation or thelength of the I/O area for a Receive operation, if themessage is specified as unpacked; i. e. one characterper word. If the message is specified as packed, i. e.two characters per word, the storage location containsthe number of characters to be transmitted orthe maximum number of characters to be received.Notes. The contents of the first word of the user'sI/0 area are obtained and saved at WDCNT duringcall processing.108.11

WD17IUse. A switch indicating whether or not the SCATcounter, word 17 10in COMMA, has been incrementedby one.Settings.Zero = Word 17 has been decremented by 1 orye 10has not t been incremented by 1.Non-zero = Word 17 has been incremented by 1.10Notes. WD17I is set non-zero during call processingwhen the first operation other than a Close operationis initiated, at the same time that word 17 is incrementedby one. WD17I is set to zero Wen a Closeoperation is performed, at the same time that word17 10is decremented by one.WRACKUse. A switch indicating that an incorrect acknowledgementwas received prior to a receive timeout.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Incorrect acknowledgement receivedprior to a receive timeoutXMENQUse. A switch indicating that the next character to betransmitted or the first character to be received mustbe ENQ.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Next character transmitted or firstcharacter received must be ENQNotes. XMENQ is set non-zero during the call processingfor a Receive/Transmit Initial operation; it isset non•zero during interrupt processing whenever areceive timeout occurs while attempting to receive anacknowledgement. XMENQ is set to zero duringinterrupt processing when ENQ has been transmittedor received.XMESSUse. A switch indicating that a message is to betransmitted.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Entire message has not yet beentransmittedNotes. XMESS is set non-zero during the callprocessing for a Transmit Initial or TransmitContinue operation. XMESS is set to zero duringinterrupt processing when the entire message hasbeen transmitted.XNAKUse. A switch indicating that NAK is the nextcharacter to be transmitted.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Next character to be transmitted isNAKNotes. XNAK is set non-zero during the call processingfor a Receive Repeat operation; it is set nonzeroduring interrupt processing when an error isdetected while receiving a message. XNAK is set tozero during interrupt processing when NAK has beentransmitted.SYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS ADAPTE RSUBROUTINE (SCAT3)Call ProcessingChart: GDThe call processing performed by the SCAT3 subroutineis identical to that performed by the SCAT2subroutine, except that (1) SCAT3 does not performthe Auto Answer operation as does SCAT2, (2) nooptions can be specified as in SCAT2, (3) SCAT3initiates the Monitor operation in addition to thoseinitiated by SCAT2, and (4) SCAT3, in initiating aTransmit Initial operation, places the SCA in thereceive mode initially instead of in the synchronizemode, as in SCAT2.MonitorSCAT3 saves the selection address and the pollingaddress specified in the Monitor operation in locationsSELA and POLLA, respectively. SCAT3 sets up the108.12

switches and storage locations required for theMonitor operation (see Switches and Storage Locations).The idle register is loaded with the SYNcharacter and the SCA is placed in the receive mode.SCAT3 then returns to the calling routine at LIBF+4,Interrupt ProcessingCharts: GE, GF, GGThe interrupt processing performed by the SCAT3subroutine is identical to that performed by the SCAT2subroutine, except that (1) the auto answer requestinterrupt, processed by SCAT2, is not processed bySCAT3, (2) interrupt processing for the Monitoroperation, not found in SCAT2, is performed, and (3)in the case of an error detected during a Monitoroperation, the operation is retried indefinitely, andno exit is made to the user's error routine, as inSCAT2.Switches and Storage LocationsThe switches and storage locations used by SCAT3are identical to those used by SCAT2, except asnoted below.ADDRUse. A switch indicating that the polling or selectionaddress was received while monitoring.Settings.Positive = Polling address receivedNegative = Selection address receivedZero = No address receivedNotes. If ADDR is set non-zero and the next characterreceived is not ENQ, NOTME is then set non-zero.ANSThere is no storage location ANS in SCAT3.CLOSEThere is no switch CLOSE in SCAT3.CMODEUse. A switch indicating that SCAT3 is in controlmode, i. e. , is able to recognize the polling orselection address as such.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = SCAT3 is in control modeNotes. CMODE is set to zero during the call processingfor a Receive/Transmit Initial or Monitoroperation; it is set to zero during interrupt processingwhenever an SOH or STX character is received.CMODE is set non-zero during interrupt processingwhen EOT has been received.EOTRPThere is no switch EOTRP in SCAT3.FCODEUse. A switch indicating the function to be performed.Settings.Negative = ReceiveZero = MonitorPositive = Transmit Block/Text/EndNotes. FCODE is set during call processing accordingto digit 1 of the control parameter. Duringinterrupt processing FCODE is set to zero if SCAT3returns to the Monitor operation.ITBSKUse. A switch indicating that the next two charactersto be received while monitoring are to be ignored.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Ignore the next two charactersNotes. ITBSK is set non-zero when an intermediateblock check (ITB) character or the sequence DLE ITBis received while monitoring, in order that the twofollowing block check characters not be mistaken forcontrol characters.LSSYNUse. A switch indicating that the last characterrecognized while monitoring Normal EBCDIC text wasa SYN character. ' When the sequence SYN SYN hasbeen recognized while monitoring Normal EBCDICtext, the receive timer is reset.108.13

Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Last character recognized was a SYNcharacterNotes. LSSYN is set non-zero during interruptprocessing whenever a SYN character has beenrecognized while monitoring Normal EBCDIC text.LSSYN is set to zero during interrupt processingwhenever any character other than the SYN characterhas been recognized while monitoring NormalEBCDIC text or whenever a timeout has occurred.MONITUse. A switch indicating that a Receive Initial orTransmit Initial operation is monitoring for the selectionor polling address, respectively.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Monitor for selection or polling addressNotes. MONIT is set non-zero during the call processingfor a Receive Initial or Transmit Initialoperation. MONIT is set to zero when the selectionaddress is received during a Receive Initial operation,or when the polling address is received during aTransmit Initial operation.NOTMEUse. A switch indicating that, while monitoring, anaddress was received that did not match the specifiedpolling or selection address.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero --- Station's address was not received (butanother station's was received)Notes. NOTME is used to determine whether aresponse should be transmitted when an ENQ has beenreceived.OPERRThere is no storage location OPERR in SCAT3.OPTSWThere is no switch OPTSW in SCAT3.POLLAUse/Contents. A storage location containing thepolling address specified in the last Monitor operationinitiated.Notes. The polling address is saved at POLLA duringcall processing.POLLIUse/Contents. A storage location containing theaddress of the location following the location in theuser's program that contains the polling address.The address found at POLLI is used by SCAT3 instoring a non-zero value in the location following thepolling address whenever that polling address isreceived, except during a Transmit Initial operation.Notes. The appropriate address is saved at POLLIduring call processing.SELAUse/Contents. A storage location containing theselection address specified in the last Monitoroperation initiated.Notes. The selection address is saved at SELAduring call processing.SELIUse/Contents. A storage location containing theaddress of the location following the location in theuser's program that contains the selection address.The address found at SELI is used by SCAT3 instoring a non-zero value in the location following theselection address whenever that selection address isreceived, except during a Receive Initial operation.Notes. The appropriate address is saved at SELIduring call processing.SLVMSThere is no switch SLVMS in SCAT3.TBTXUse. A switch indicating whether Block, Text, orEOT transmission is to be performed.108.14

Settings.Negative = EOTZero = BlockPositive = TextNotes. TBTX is set during call processing accordingto digit 1 of the control parameter.TRNSPUse. A switch indicating the type of text beingmonitored by SCAT3.Settings.Zero = Monitoring Normal EBCDIC textNon-zero = Monitoring Full-Transparent textNotes. TRNSP is set non-zero during interruptprocessing when DLE STX is received while monitoring.TRNSP is set to zero during interrupt process-ing when SCAT3 resynchronizes with the transmittingstation.XNAKUse. A switch indicating that NAK is the nextcharacter to be transmitted.Settings.Zero = negative of non-zeroNon-zero = Next character to be transmitted isNAKNotes. XNAK is set non-zero during the call processingfor a Receive Repeat operation. XNAK is setnon-zero during interrupt processing when an erroris detected while receiving a message or when theselection address is received and SCAT3 is notprepared to receive data. XNAK is set to zeroduring interrupt processing when NAK has beentransmitted.108.15

SECTION 13. SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINESThe system device subroutines are a group ofspecial subroutines used exclusively by the monitorsystem programs. These are the only devicesubroutines used by the monitor system programs,aside from DISKZ. They are listed below:DISKZ1403 Subroutine1132 SubroutineConsole Printer Subroutine2501/1442 Subroutine1442/1442 Subroutine1134/1055 SubroutineKeyboard/Console Printer Subroutine2501/1442 Conversion Subroutine1134/1055 Conversion Subroutine (dummy)Keyboard/Console Printer Conversion Subroutine(dummy)Section 13. System Device Subroutines 109

SECTION 14. STAND-ALONE UTILITIESDISK CARTRIDGE INITIALIZATION PROGRAM(DCIP)When DCIP is entered, a message is printed instructingthe user to select the particular DCIPfunction desired. Depending on his choice, one ofthe functions described below is performed.All messages, entries through the Console Entryswitches, and operator instructions are printed onthe Console Printer. All user options are enteredthrough the Console Entry switches.DISK INITIALIZATIONA message is printed instructing the user to specifythe number of the physical drive on which is mountedthe cartridge to be initialized. At the same time,the user is given the option of doing an "addressonly" initialization, that is, an initialization thatwrites correct addresses on a cartridge withoutdisturbing any of the data on that cartridge. Theuser is then asked to specify the cartridge ID.An entire cylinder of the cartridge is written withone of three test patterns. The patterns used are/AAAA, /5555, and /0000. The cylinder is thenread back into core storage, one sector at a time,using double-buffering.While one sector is being read, every word ofanother is being examined to see that it compareswith the data that was written. If no errors occurin any sector of the cylinder, the same procedure isrepeated for the next pattern, and so on until allthree patterns have been tested.However, if any disk operation causes the errorbit of the disk device status word (DSW) to be set, orif the data read does not compare with that written,then the entire write/read/compare procedure isrepeated fifty times on the same cylinder with thesame test pattern. A second error, while in theretry mode, causes DCIP to indicate the cylinder asbeing defective.If (1) cylinder zero is defective, (2) more thanthree cylinders are defective, or (3) it is impossibleto write a sector address, DCIP types out an errormessage indicating that the cartridge may not beused.After every cylinder on the cartridge has beentested in the above manner, the program writes threedefective cylinder addresses and the cartridge ID intothe first four words of sector @IDAD. Where defectivecylinder addresses do not exist, /0658 is written.Words 7-30 of sector @IDAD are set to zeros. DCIPalso writes an error message program, beginning atword 31. If a cold start is attempted using this nonsystemcartridge, the error message program printsan appropriate message and no cold start is effected.DCOM (sector @DCOM) is initialized as follows:LocationValue Inserted#ANDU /0200#BNDU /0200#FPAD /0020#CIDNCartridge ID#CIBA /0008#ULET /0002LET (sector 2) is initialized as follows:Word Contents1 /00002 /00203 /0000457618 /0620/00013008/7112 I The name 1DUMY (in name/4528 I code)A message indicating that the initialization is completeand the addresses of any defective cylinders areprinted on the Console Printer.At this time, the user is given the option of doingadditional testing of the disk; i. e. , the write/read/compare sequence may be repeated up to 31 times.DISK DUMP.The principal print device is determined by firstinitiating a carriage space operation on the 1403Printer. The device status word (DSW) for the 1403is then sensed to see if the 1403 is busy. If it is not,Section 14. Stand-Alone Utilities 111

the same procedure is followed with the 1132 Printer.On the basis of the results of the above test, a wordthat points to the appropriate conversion table and abranch instruction that branches to the proper printercall are set up.The user enters through the Console Entryswitches the sector address (with the drive code) ofthe first sector to be dumped and the number of consecutivesectors to be dumped.The logical sector address is determined in thefollowing manner. The physical sector address isdecremented by eight for each defective cylinderthat has a lower sector address less than the cylinderto be dumped from. If the sector being dumped is ona defective cylinder, the sector is assigned the logicalsector address of DEAD. Defective cylinderdata for the cartridge is obtained from sector @MAD.Each of the 320 data words of the, sector is convertedfrom binary to four hexadecimal characters ofthe appropriate printer code. The data is thenprinted, sixteen words per line.DISK COPYDCIP requests the user to enter the numbers of thesource and destination drives in the Console Entryswitches. The defective cylinder table from thesource cartridge is fetched and checked to verify thatthe values in it are under 1624 and in ascendingorder.The source cartridge is copied sector by sectoronto the destination cartridge. The cartridge IDand defective cylinder table in sector 0, cylinder 0are not copied onto the destination cartridge. If asystem cartridge is being copied, the cartridge IDfound in DCOM is also not copied.If a cylinder on the source cartridge is defective,the following cylinder is copied to the destinationcartridge. If a cylinder on the destination cartridgeis defective, the cylinder to be copied from the sourcecartridge is copied onto the following cylinder.UCARTThe user receives the 1130 Disk Monitor System on adisk cartridge. The contents of this cartridge areas follows: cylinder 0 contains a copy of the ResidentImage, including DISKZ, a copy of the CARD() subroutine,a special cold start program, and a disk-tocarddump program; cylinders 1 through 202 containthe system decks stored in card images, four cardsper sector.The execution of a cold start with this cartridgecauses sector 0, cylinder 0 to be fetched. Sector 0,cylinder 0 contains DISKZ and the special cold startprogram. DISKZ is loaded into the locations itnormally occupies in the Resident Monitor; the specialcold start program immediately follows it. Controlis transferred to the special cold start program.The special cold start program fetches the ResidentImage (sector 2, cylinder 0) into the locations itnormally occupies in low core storage, fetches theCARDO subroutine (sector 3, cylinder 0) into corestorage at /0250, and fetches the disk-to-card dumpprogram into core storage at /0390. Control istransferred to the disk-to-card dump program, whichpunches the system decks and terminates.The disk-to-card dump program uses a onecylinderbuffer origined at its high-addressed end.112

PROGRAM ANALYSIS PROCEDURESINTRODUCTIONThe purpose of the Program Analysis Proceduresis to provide the user with a step-by-step methodfor analyzing the execution of any monitor systemor user program. The procedure is problemoriented;it begins with some program malfunction,assists the user in defining the failing componentor function, and provides the facility fordetailed analysis of that component or function.PROGRAM ANALYSIS PROCEDURES SUMMARYFlowdiagram 1 shows the procedure used for programanalysis. At each step in the procedure, the parts ofthis document that apply to that step are indicated.IDENTIFICATION OF THE FAILING COMPONENTOR FUNCTIONFlowdiagram 2 shows the procedure used to identifythe component or function failing. Where applicablethe parts of this document that are pertinent to thatidentification are indicated.Step Analysis ProcedureSupporting DocumentationStartODetermine which program is failing. If it isa subroutine, determine its name and itslocation in core.Failing subroutineIDSubroutineerror numberlistOGet a full core dump.Core DumpProceduresOBlock out and identify the significant itemsin the core dump listing .Core LayoutsCoreLocation ProceduresOVAnalyze the failing subroutine:-Correct input -Dataparameters -To and from Linkage-Function code -I/0 areaeneral SubroutineAna lysisProcedure[GSubroutineDataChartsSubroutineLoopingCapabilitiesIf necessary, determine which programcalled the falling subroutine and where itis located in core.Trace BackProceduresAnalyze the calling program for correctparameters and linkage. If necessary, continuetracing back several levels of calls.SubroutineData ChartsFlowdiagram 1. General Procedure for Program AnalysisProgram Analysis Procedures 113

Reference Analysis ProcedureSupporting Documentation(StartContents of$PHSENon-ZeroMonitor System Program execution-A DSLET Listing will providereference to phase IDContents of$PRETPre-operative I/O Error-Invalid Control Function-Device Not ReadyError number in ACCshould identify subroutine.Go to SubroutineMaintenance Analysis ProcedureSubroutineError NumberListContents of:$PST1 Level 1$PST2 Level 2$PST3 Level 3$PST4 Level 4_ Post-operative I/O ErrorP -Error Bits in DSWHUsingIAR contents, go to step 11in Trace Back ProceduresTTTrace BackProceduresUsing IAR, XRI, XR2, XR3, ACC,EXT, attempt to correlate back toprogram. Go to step 11 in TraceBack ProceduresOther E mars;IncorrectAnswer, etc.Dump as soonas possibleafter the failure.ProgramAnn lysisProceduresFlowdiagram 2. Procedure for Identification of the Failing Compon.mt or Function114

SUBROUTINE ERROR NUMBER/ERROR STOPLISTSStartTable 8 lists the errors detected by the SystemLibrary ISSs and system device subroutines byerror code, describes the conditions under whichthe error is detected, and provides a list of correctiveactions for those errors.Table 9 lists the error stop addresses and theirmeanings.Retain ConsoleInformation--ACC, EXT,XR I ,XR2,XR3-Lights-Device StatusCORE DUMP PROCEDURETo obtain a dump of the contents of core storage,perform the following (see Flowdiagram 3):1. If the error symptoms indicate that an errorhas occurred in the disk or disk I/O subroutine(i.e. DISKZ), the System Core Dump programshould not be used, because this same disk I/Osubroutine is used to load the System CoreDump program, thus destroying the informationneeded.2. Was there a NOCAL Dump included in the coreload? If there was, it may be used to obtainthe core dump. To obtain the core dump, setthe IAR to the entry point of the NOCAL Dumpand start.3. If the error symptoms indicate an error in theprincipal print device, then the System CoreDump program should not be used, as it woulddestroy any information needed.4. To retain the maximum information, the standalonedump procedure should be used.a. By displaying core storage, copy downlocations /0000 to /0050.b. Use the stand-alone printer dump to dumpthe rest of core storage.5. To obtain the core dump using the System CoreDump program, set the IAR to /0000 and start.Errorin PrincipalPrint DeviceSubroutineFlowdiagram 3. Core Dump Procedurefiles, arrays, and COMMON variables were definedand SOCALs were employed.Figure 17, panel 2 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during the execution of a user'sFORTRAN core load in which files, arrays, andCOMMON variables were defined. No LOCALs weredefined; no SOCALs were employed.Figure 17, panel 3 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during the execution of a user'sFORTRAN core load in which no LOCALs, files,arrays, SOCALs were employed. COMMON variableswere defined.Figure 17, panel 4 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during the execution of a user'sAssembler Language core load.Figure 17, panel 5 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during the execution of an RPG coreload. For a detailed description of the RPG coreload see IBM 1130 RPG Program Logic Manual,Form Y21-0010.CORE BLOCK DIAGRAMSFigure 17, panel 1 shows the layout of the contentsof core storage during the execution of a user'sFORTRAN core load in which LOCAL subprograms,CORE LOCATION PROCEDURESThe following core load elements are located bymeans of the procedures given with the elements.FAC (Floating Accumulator)-- 3 words used as FORTRAN Floating Accumulator-- Located at XR3 + /007D.Program Analysis Procedures 11S

•Table 8. Error Number ListDETECTING DETECTING DETECTING DETECTINGHEXADECIMAL SYMBOLIC SUBROUTINE SUBROUTINE SUBROUTINE SUBROUTINEERROR NUMBER ERROR STOP DURING SYSTEM DURING DURING ASSEMBLER 'DURING RPG COREIN ADDRESS PROGRAM FORTRAN LANGUAGE CORE LOAD EXECUTIONERROR EXPLANATION CORRECTIVE ACTIONACCUMULATOR EXECUTION CORE LOAD LOAD EXECUTIONEXECUTION1000 $PRET System 1442/1442 CARDZ - 1442 - Device Not Ready 1442 - Ready the DeviceSubroutinePNCHZ- CARDO CARDO 1442-6,-7 - Device Not ReadyCARDI- Read initiated withLast Card IndicatoronPNCHO PNCHO 1442-5 - Device Not ReadyPNCHZ$PST4 System 1442/1442 CARDZ CARDO 1442 - Device Not Ready 1442-5 - Run out the punchSubroutine PNCHZ CARDI CARDO — Ready the DevicePNCHOPNCHZPNCHO1442-6,-7 - Ready the Device1001 $PRET - CARDOCARD!PNCHOPNCItlCARDOPNCHO1442 - Invalid DeviceSpecified- Device not on system- Invalid FunctionSpecified- Word Count over +80- Word Count zero ornegative1442 - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling program2000 $PRET System Keyboard TYPEZ TYPED Console Printer/Keyboard Console Printer/KeyboardSubroutine,WRTYZ WRTY0 WRTYO - Device Not Ready - Ready the DeviceSystem Keyboard/Console PrinterSubroutine$PST4 System Keyboard TYPEZ TYPE() WRTYO Console Printer/Keyboard Console Printer/KeyboardSubroutine,WRTYZ WRTY0 - Device Not Ready - Ready the DeviceSystem Keyboard/Console PrinterSubroutine,-2001 $PRET - - TYPE() Console Printer/Keyboard Console Printer/KeyboardWRTYO WRTYO - Device not on System- Invalid Function- Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling programSpecified- Word Count zero ornegative3000 SPRET System 1134/1055 PAPTZ PAPT1 1134/1055 - Device Not Ready 1134/1055 - Ready the DeviceSubroutine PAPTX -PAPTN$PST4 System 1134/1055 PAPTZ PAPTi 1134/1055 - Device Not Ready 1134/1055 - Ready the DeviceSubroutine PAPTX -PAPTN3001 SPRET - PAPT1 1134/1055 - Invalid Function 1134/1055 - Use Trace BackPAPTX_PAPTNSpecified- Invalid Check Digit- Word Count zero ornegativeProcedures toanalyze callingprogram4000 SPRET System 2501/1442 READZ READO 2501 - Device Not Ready 2501 - Ready the DeviceSubroutine READI READO$PST4 - READZ READO 2501 - Device Not Ready 2501 - Ready the DeviceREADI READO - Read Error- Feed Check- Run out the reader oldretry with last card readand cards run out116

•Table 8. Error Number List (Continued)4001 $PRET - READOREAD)READO2501 - Invalid FunctionSpecified- Word Count over +80- Word Count zero ornegative2501 - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling program5000 $PRET DISKZ DISKZ DISKZDISK1DISKNDISKZ Disk - Device Not Ready Disk - Ready the Device5001 $PRET - DISK1DISKN- Disk - Invalid Device Specified- Device not in System- Invalid FunctionSpecified- Area to be writtenFile-protected- Word Count zero ornegative- Starting Sector Addressover +1599Disk - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling program$PST2 DISKZ DISKZ DISKZDISK1DISKNDISKZDisk - Power Unsafe- Write SelectDisk - Turn power down, wait forCARTRIDGE UNLOCKEDlight to come on, turnpower up, then retry- Call CE on persistent error5002 $PST2 DISKZ DISKZ DISKZDISK)DISKNDISKZDisk - 16 retrys made withoutsuccessDisk - Initiate 16 more retrys- Use another drive- Use another cartridge- Reinitialize cartridge5003 $PRET DISK1DISKN- - - Disk - Invalid Device Specified- Device not in System- Invalid FunctionSpecified- Area to be writtenFile-protected- Word Count zero ornegative- Starting Sector Addressover +1599Disk - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling program5004 $PST2 DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISKZ Disk - Disk Error Disk - Turn power down, wait forCARTRIDGE UNLOCKEDlight to come on, turnpower up, then retry- Call CE on persistent error6000 $PRET System 1132SubroutinePRNTZPRNTIPRNT2PRNT3PRNTI1132 - Device Not Ready- End of Forms1132 - Ready the Device6001 $PRET - - PRNTIPRNT2PRNT3PRNT11)32 - Invalid FunctionSpecified- Word Count over +60- Word Count zero ornegative1132 - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling program7000 $PRE -- PLOT1 - 1627 - Device Not Ready 1627 - Ready the Device$PST3 ., - PLOT1 - 1627 - Device Not Ready 1627 - Ready the Device7001 $PRET -- - PLOT! _ 1627 - Invalid Device Specified- Device not on System- Invalid FunctionSpecified- Word Count zero ornegative1627 - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling program8001 $PRET - - SCATSCAT2SCAT3_SCA - Invalid FunctionSpecified- Invalid Word Count- Invalid SubfunctionSpecifiedSCA - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling programProgram Analysis Procedures 117

*Table 8. Error Number List (Continued)8002 $PRET - SCATI - SCA - Receive operationnot completed- Transmit operationnot completed8003 $PRET - - SCATI _ SCA - Synchronization notestablished beforeattempting to performsome Transmit orReceive Operation- Attempting to Receivebefore receiving INQsequenceSCA - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling programSCA - Use Trace Bock Proceduresto analyze calling program9000 $PRET System 1403Subroutine$PST4 System 1403SubroutinePRNZ PRNT3 PRNT3 1403 - Device Not Ready- End of FormsPRNZ PRNT3 PRNT3 1403 - Device Not Ready- Print Error1403 - Ready the Device1403 - Ready the Device9001 $PRET - - PRNT3 PRNT3 1403 - Invalid FunctionSpecified- Word Count over +60- Word Count zero ornegative1403 - Use Trace Back Proceduresto onalyze calling programA000 $PRET - - OMPR _ 1231 - Device Not Ready 1231 - Ready the Device$PST4 - OMPRI - 1231 - Device Not Ready- Timing Mark Error- Read Error1231 - Ready the Device- Retry with the sheet thathas been selected intothe stackerA001 $PRET - - OMPR-1231 - Invalid FunctionSpecified1231 - Use Trace Back Proceduresto analyze calling program*Table 9. Error Stop ListAbsolute Address Symbolic Address Program Explanation/0012 - ColdStartLoader-Invalid disk drive numberin Console Entry Switches-Indicated disk drive notready/004 - Cold -Disk read errorStart -Waiting for interrupt fromLoader seek operation/0046 ColdStartLoader-Wailing for interrupt fromreading sector @IDAD/0029 $PRET+1 All ISSs -Preoperative Error/0082 $PST1 +1 Level 1ISSs/0086 SPST2 +1 Level 2ISSs/008A $PST3+1 Level 3ISSs/008E $PST4 +I Level 4ISSs-Postoperative Error onlevel 1-Post-operative Error onlevel 2-Post-operative Error onlevel 3-Post-operative Error onlevel 4ARITHMETIC AND FUNCTION SUBPROGRAMERROR INDICATORS-- 3 words preceding FAC.-- First word (XR3 + /007A) is used for real arithmeticoverflow and underflow indicators.-- Second word (XR3 + /007B) is used for dividecheck indicator.-- Third word (XR3 + /007C) is used for functionsubroutine indicators.-- The loader initializes all three words to zero.LIBF TV (Library Function Transfer Vector)- - One 3-word entry for each LIBF listed in thecore map.-- Located just preceding ARITH/FUNC ERRORINDICATORS.- - Higher core end is located at XR3 + /0079.-- First LIBF Entry (the beginning of LIBF TV) islocated at (XR3 + /0077) - (3 times the numberof LIBFs listed in core map).118

COMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorCOMMA,SkeletonSupervisorDISKZ DISKZ DISKZ DISK1orDISKNDEFINE FILE DEFINE FILEConstants,TableTableIntegersArraysConstants,IntegersArraysConstants,IntegersFormatParametersMainline MainlineFormat Format Program ProgramParameters ParametersMainlineProgramIn-CoreSubroutinesFlipperTableMainlineProgramIn-CoreSubroutinesIn-CoreSubroutinesInitrytin-CoreSubroutinesSubroutinesFLIPRInterrupt .,.../ IntsevrreufitLOCALLevelArea Subroutines SubroutinesSOCALAreaIniteervruortSubroutines7LIEF TV LIBF TV LIBF TVCALL TV CALL TV CALL TVCOMMON COMMON COMMONLIBF TVCALL TV• Figure 17. Core Layout Dur'ng User Core Load ExecutionCOMMASkeletonSupervisorDISKZFixed Routine(MainlineProgram)VariableSection(MainlineProgram)In-CoreSubroutineIntservruertSubroutineALIBF TVCALL TVLIBF TV SOCAL LINKAGE- - The 6 or 9 words used to link to the SOCAL/LOCAL Flipper.- - Located just preceding the First LIBF Entry inthe LIBF TV.- - 6 words long if SOCAL option 1; 9 words long ifSOCAL option 2.CALL TV (Call Transfer Vector)- - One single-word entry for each call listed in thecore map.-- Located immediately following FAC.-- First CALL TV Entry is at XR3 + /0080 (add 1 ifaddress comes out odd).- - The Last CALL TV Entry is at (First CALL TVEntry-1) - (Number of CALLs listed in the coremap).DISK I/O SUBROUTINE- - All Disk I/O subroutines are loaded beginningat CORE LOCATION /00F2.- - The Disk I/O subroutines vary in length (see table)-- The type of disk subroutine in core is contained in$DZ1N (see table)Disk I/OSubroutineLocation inCoreFirstWordContents Currently First Last of User'sof $DZ1N in Core Word Word ProgramFFFF DISKZ /00F2 /01DF /01FE0000 DISK1 /00F2 /0293 /02B20001 DISKN /00F2 /03A1 /03C0DFT (DEFINE FILE Table)-- 7 words for each file defined by the user.-- Located at 1 plus the end of the disk I/O subroutine.ARRAYS (In User's Program Area)-- Located immediately following DEFINE FILETable, if any.CONSTANTS AND INTEGERS (In User's ProgramArea)-- Located immediately following ARRAYS, if any.COMMON (The area at "End of Core" defined byCOMMON statement)-- Length of COMMON is contained in $COMN.-- Start of COMMON is highest core address, (XFFF),minus the Length of COMMON.IN-CORE SUBROUTINES (subroutines that are incore all the time)-- Located immediately following user's mainlineprogram.Program Analysis Procedures 119

- - Those subroutines listed in core map that arenot SOCALS or LOCALS are In-Core subroutines.- - The load address of these subroutines is listedwith subroutine name.LDDBSILISTL ENTRY POINTLOCAL/SOCAL FLIPPER (FLIPR)- - Load address given in core map under the headingSYSTEM SUBROUTINES.LOCAL AREA (The "Load-on-Call" overlay area)-- Size depends upon largest LOCAL subroutineused.-- Beginning core address is FLIPR + /0066.- - Ending core address is address of SOCAL Areaminus 1.SOCAL AREA (System overlay area)- - Located immediately following LOCAL Area.-- Beginning core address is found at FLIPR+ /004D.-- The first word in SOCAL Area contains theword count of SOCAL Area.- - Ending core address is the beginning address+ the word count of the SOCAL Area.GENERALIZED SUBROUTINE MAINTENANCE/ANALYSIS PROCEDUREFlowdiagram 4 provides the procedure to be used fordetailed analysis of an I/O subroutine. The procedureis applicable to FORTRAN device, general ISS,and system device subroutines.TRACE BACK PROCEDURESLIST DC PARAMETERDCPARAMETERTo place the subroutine into a loop:1. Obtain link word from the system devicesubroutine.2. The contents of this link word point to the locationfollowing the long BSI instruction.3. Insert into the location following the long BSIinstruction an MDX instruction back to the LDDinstruction.LIBRARY SUBROUTINES (except 'Z' subroutinesand PLOTX)The linkage to the System Library device subroutines(ISSs) are of the following form:LIBFCALLBSI 3 TVDISP BSI I CALLTVDC CONTROL DC CONTROLDC ARG 1 DC ARG 1Flowdiagram 5 provides the procedure to be used totrace back from a failing subroutine to the precedingportion of the core load, which called the subroutine.This procedure can be used to trace all the way backto the mainline program.SUBROUTINE LOOPING CAPABILITIESSYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINESThe linkages to system device subroutines are ofthe form:DC ARGN DC ARGNTo place the subroutine into a loop:1. Insert in the location following the last argumentan MDX instruction back to the BSI instruction.2. Some of the arguments may have to be changedto point to the BSI instruction because they areerror exits or busy addresses.3. Refer to subroutine data charts for uniqueoperating characteristics.120

Assumes CoreLocation Procedureshavebeen donePossible DeviceFailure, RunDiagnostics orLoop CallLoop SubroutineoopingCapabi litiesLFlowdiagram 4. Generalized Subroutine Maintenance/Analysis ProcedureProgram Analysis Procedures 121

Step0Procedurefailing — — ----- —Start withThis procedure assumes the user has alreadysomeanalyzed the subroutine per SubroutineSubroutineAnalysis Procedures and has blocked outa core dump per Core Location Procedures.Get the core map printed during programIloadingA core map is obtained by punching an"L" in column 14 of the XEQ card if theprogram being loaded is in disk systemformat.0Multipleentry points inthis subroutineIDetermine which function was being used I( Step 19 )0Get the symbolic entry point from theSubroutine Data Charts0Find the symbolic entry name in the core1ma pThis is the Core Load Address of thatentry point.00— The subroutine type is obtained from theSubroutine Data ChartsThe contents of the address — —The Core Loadderived in step 5 is the LinkAddress containsWord back to the callingthe Link Wordstatement in the callingback to theprogramcaller.( Step 110Add 2 to the Core Load Address obtainedin step 5This gives the address of the word thatpoints to the transfer vector.0Get the contents of the word located atIthe address computed in step 8This gives the address of the transfervector.Get the first word of the transfer vectorIentryThis is the Link Word back to the callingstatement in the calling subroutine.Flowdiagrarn 5. Trace Back ProceduresStep 11 )C122

StepProcedureContinue nowhaving the addressof callingstatement(Now determine the name of the failingsubroutine.Match the address of the calling programto the addresses in the core mapStep 17 )Determine which overlay Is in core.Locate the SOCAL linkage words in thec ore dumpUse the Core Dump Analysis Proceduresto locate SOCAL linkage words, 3 foreach overlayVThe word group containing "FOFD" isthe overlay in coreMark the core map to identify all subroutinesIn the incore overlay-SOCAL LINKAGE-XXXX XXXX 70FX Overlay 3XXXX XXXX 70FX Overlay 2XXXX XXXX 70FX Overlay 1-The overlay in core contains 70FD inthird word-Overlays not in core contain70F4 (SOCAL level 2) or70F7 (SOCAL level 1) In third wordMake a table of subroutines by overlayassignmentMatch the address of the ca !ling programobtained in step 7 (CALL) or step 10(LIBF) to the addresses marked in step 15The address closest to and less than thecalling program's address identifiesthe name in core mapYou now have name of calling subroutine.Analyze this subroutine using SubroutineAnalysis Procedures( Step 1Flowdiagram 5. Trace Back Procedures (Continued)Program Analysis Procedures 123

StepProcedureGet the symbolic location of functioncode from the Subroutine Data ChartsThe different entry points are related tothe various "functions" performed by thesubroutinene.Findthe symboliclocation in the jsubroutine listingMicrofiche reference to subroutine listingis given in Appendix D.VGet the relative address of the location' jof function codeThe address at the symbolic locationdetermined in step 20 is the relativeaddress.Get the load point address for thissubroutine from core mapCalculate core location of function IcodeThe relative address determined in step21 plus the load point address determinedin step 22 gives the location of thefunction code.Get the function code from core dump ]and decode with Subroutine Data ChartGet the symbolic name for each functionentry point from the Subroutine DataChart(Step 5 )Flowdiagrarn 5. Trace Back Procedures (Concluded)124

SUBROUTINE DATA CHARTSSYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR KEYBOARD/CONSOLE PRINTERPhase ID: @ KBCPUsed by: Monitor system programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LDD LISTBSI L KB000+1LIST DCDCFUNCTION CODEI/O AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXTI/O AreaAddressRead, Convert,Print/7002 Address of I/OAreaWord CountPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at KB080Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelRead, Convert,PrintRegister status:/7002 KB000+1 103000+1 KB020+1 KB020+1MainlineSignificant variables:Saved at/restored fromsymbolic locationACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusUsed X X X XSymbolic locationKB080KB160Contents/UseThe function is placed here. It becomes an MDX *+2 when executed.Original word count.KB170KB270Original I/0 area address.Character buffer area, containing a 12-bit character read from the Keyboard, therotate/tilt code character printed, or a control character.103280 Data area pointer, pointing to the next word in the data area into which the EBCDICcharacter will be placed.KB290KB370 and KB370+1Remaining word count.Read/Print Control IOCC.Program Analysis Procedures 125

SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR 1442/1442Phase II): @ 1442Used by: Monitor system programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LDD LISTBSI L CD000+1LIST DCDCFUNCTION CODEI/O AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXT I/O Area AddressRead /7000 Address of the I/O No word count is used but anArea80 position area must bespecified.Punch /7001 Address of the I/O No word count is used but anArea80 position area must bespecified.Read /7002 Address of the I/O No word count is used but anArea80 position area must bespecified.Feed /7003 Not used Not usedPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at CD090Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelRead /7000 CD000+1 CD000+1 CD016+1 CD016+1 0CD010+1 CD010+1 4Punch /7001 CD000+1 CD000+1 CD016+1 CD016+1 0CD010+1 CD010+1 4Read /7002 CD000+1 CD000+1 CD016+1 CD016+1 0CD010+1 CD010+1 4Feed /7003 CD000+1 CD000+1 CD010+1 CD010+1 4126

Register status:MainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusCD120Used X XInterruptlevel 0Interruptlevel 4Saved at/restored fromsymbolic location CD190 CD190+1 CD018UsedSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationXUsed X X X X XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationContents/UseCD210CD250CD260CD230CD188$LAST$CTSW$IBSYFirst column indicator.Current column address.Second half of the last IOCC performed, read or punch.Second half of the last IOCC performed, start read or punch.Skip indicator; non-zero = take one feed cycle.Last card indicator; non-zero = last card.Control card switch; non-zero = control card read.Busy indicator for 1442; non-zero = busy.Program Analysis Procedures 127

SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR 2501/1442Phase ID: @ 2501Used by: Monitor system programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LDD LISTBSI L RP000+1LIST DCDCFUNCTION CODEI/O AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXT I/O Area AddressRead /7000 Address of I/O Area Word countPunch /7001 Address of I/O Area Not usedRead /7002 Address of I/O Area Word countFeed /7003 Not Used Not usedPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at RP360Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelRead /7000 RP000+1 RP000+1 RP020+1 RP020+1 4Punch /7001 RP000+1 RP000+1 RPO40+1 RPO40+1 0RP020+1 RP020+1 4Read /7002 RP000+1 RP000+1 RP020+1 RP020+1 4Feed /7003 RP000+1 RP000+1 RP020+1 RP020+1 4Register status:MainlineInterruptlevel 0Interruptlevel 4Saved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X XSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsedSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusRP440RP480 RP480+1 RP060XUsed X X X128

Significant variables:Symbolic locationContents/UseRP500RP520RP600RP200$LAST$CTSWSIB SYCurrent column address.I/O address for restart information.Word count for 2501 Reader.Device last used:/1702 = 1442/4F01 = 2501Last card indicator; non-zero = last card.Control card switch; non-zero = control card read.Busy indicator; non-zero = busy.Program Analysis Procedures 129

SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR CONSOLE PRINTERPhase ID: @ CPTRUsed by: Monitor system programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LDD LISTBSI L CP000+1LIST DC FUNCTION CODEDC I/O AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXTI/O AreaAddressAddress of pageRestore /7000 heading buffer(@HONG)Write /7001 Address of I/O Word CountAreaSkip /7002Postoperative conditions and entry points:Function at CP120Symbolic Return Interrupt Return Interruptentry point address at entry point address at levelAD CP000+1 CP000+1 CP020+1 CP020+1Register status:MainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusCP170+2Used X X X X130

Significant variables:Symbolic locationCP120CP200CP350CP350+1CP370CP380CP450Contents/UseThe function is placed here. This word is executed to decode the function./7000 is a MDX */7001 is a MDX * + 1/7002 is a MDX * + 2Carriage return counter, used for counting carriage returns for restore.IOCC for printing on console.CP350 contains address of CP450.Actual word count of message not including trailing blanks.Data area pointer, pointing to the word containing the 2 EBCDIC characters,one of which is being printed.Print character buffer word. The IOCC points to this word, which containsthe character or control character just printed.Program Analysis Procedures 131

SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR :1132Phase ID: @1132Used by: Monitor system programsSubroutines required: ILSO1Linkage: LDD LISTBSI L PN0004-1LIST DCDCFUNCTION CODEI/O AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXTI/O AreaAddressPrint /7001 I/O Area address 0 word count< 80Skip to Channel 1 /7000 I/0 Area address I/O Area isreferencedSpace Immediate /7002 Not used Not usedPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at PN380Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelPrint /7001 PN000+1 PN000+1 PN010+1 PN010+1 1Skip /7000 PN000+1 PN000+1 PN010+1 PN010+1 1Space /7002 PN000+1 PN000+1 PN010+1 PN010+1 1Register Status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineInterruptlevel 1Saved at/restored fromsymbolic locationPN400+1 PN400+3 PN400+5Used X X X X X XSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationPN200 PN200+1 PN440+1 PN440+3 PN440+5 PN450Used X X X X X X132

Significant variables:Symbolic locationPN040PN050PN060PN070PN080PN090PN100PN110PN120PN130PN150PN170PN180PN370+1PN460+1PN470+1$PBSYContents/UseLast emitter character read as a result of a read emitter response interrupt.Second word of Sense-DSW-with-reset IOCC.Last DSW sensed in interrupt.Second word of Sense-DSW-with-no-reset IOCC.First word of Read emitter IOCC, contains the address of location PN040.Second word of Read emitter MCC.First word of Start Printer IOCC, also the idle scan counter.Second word of Start Printer IOCC.Print scan counter.Second half of Stop Printer IOCC.Second half of Start Carriage IOCC.Second half of Stop Carriage IOCC.First half of Stop Carriage IOCC and mask to check bits 3, 5, and 6 of Printer DSW.Address of the I/O area.Word count.Address of message./0001 indicates I/0 buffer is busy and 49 print scan cycles have not beencompleted./0000 indicates routine may still be busy completing the 16 idle scans; however,I/O buffer is ready to accept new input.$CH12Zero = Channel 12 has not been sensed.Non-Zero = Channel 12 has been sensed and skip to channel 1 has not beenperformed.Program Analysis Procedures 133

SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR 1403Phase ID: (00.403Used by: Monitor system programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LDD LISTBSI L PR000+1LIST DC FUNCTION CODEDC I/O AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXTI/O AreaAddressPrint 1 Line /7001 Address of 0 word count S. 60I/O AreaSkip /7000 Address ofI/O AreaI/O Area isreferencedSpace Immediate /7002 Not used Not usedPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at PR150I/O Areaword countSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointPrint /7001 Non-Zero PR000+1 PR000 PRO10Skip /7000 Not used PR000+1 PR000+1 PRO10Space /7002 Not Used PR000+1 PR000+1 PR010Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationPR230+1 PR240+1 PR250+1Used X X X X X X:L34

Significant variables:Symbolic locationPR140PRO80PRO80+1PR110PR300PR300+1PRO90PRO90+1PR290+1PRO60PR070PR110PR39.0Contents/UseA NOP after the following areas have been adjusted to the correct address as aresult of relocation:PR300PR500+1PR180+2PR280+2PR170+1PR220+2PRO80PR400+1PR430+1First word of Print IOCC, contains address of print buffer.Second half of Print IOCC.Second half of Sense-without-reset IOCC,First word of Skip-to-channel-12 IOCC.Second word of Skip-to-channel-12 IOCC.First word of Space immediate IOCC.Second word of Space immediate IOCC.Address of the user's I/O area.Storage location for the last DSW sensed during interrupt; also, first word ofSense-DSW-with-reset IOCC.Second word of Sense-DSW-with-reset IOCC.Second word of Sense-DSW-without-reset IOCC.60-word buffer from which the line is printed.$PGCT Binary page count, where 0 page count 32767$CH12$PBSYChannel 12 switch indicating channel 12 detected in DSW during interrupt;not reset until a skip to channel 1 is requested by the user.Printer busy switch, modified during execution of routine.($PBSY) = Zero: routine and printer not busy.= Positive: transmission to printer is in progress; transmissioncomplete has not been received; subroutine I/O buffer is busy.= Negative: transmission complete has been received; subroutineI/O buffer can now be set up with new message.Program Analysis Procedures 135

SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR 1134/1055Phase ID: @ 1134Used by: Monitor system programsSubroutine required: noneLinkage: LDD LISTBSI L PT000+1LIST DCDCFUNCTION CODEI/O AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXTI/O AreaAddressRead withoutconversion/7000 Address of I/O Area Word CountPunch /7001 Address of I/O Area Word CountRead with conversion/7002 Address of I/O Area Word CountPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at PT060Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointInterruptlevelRead with conversion/7000 PT000+1 PT000+1 PT010+1 4Punch /7001 PT000+1 PT000+1 PT010+1 4Read withoutconversion/7002 PT000+1 PT000+1 PT010+1 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X136

Significant variables:Symbolic locationPT000+1PT010+1PT060PT340PT360PT370PT380PT460 and PT460+1PT480PT500Contents/UseReturn address to caller from main line.Return address from interrupt.Function code, executed as follows:/7000 = MDX */7001 = MDX *+1/7002 = MDC *+2Data area pointer.Remaining word count.Switch used for reading or punching: /0001 = punch, /0002 = read.Switch used to indicate if conversion of information read is needed:zero = no conversion,non-zero = conversion.IOCC for read and punch.Data buffer. The character to be read or punched is contained here.Counter for counting first 3 characters.Program Analysis Procedures 137

SYSTEM DEVICE SUBROUTINE FOR DISK -- DISKZPhase ID: @DZIDUsed by: Monitor system programsAssembler Language programsFORTRAN programsRPG programsSubroutines required: ILSO2Linkage: LDD LISTBSI L DZ000LIST DCDCFUNCTION CODEI/O' AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC EXTI/O AreaAddressI/O AreaAddress + 1Read /7000 or Address of the 0 word count Drive code and/0000 I/O Area (must .1 length of defined sector addressbe even) data areaWrite /7001 Address of the 0 word count Drive code andI/O Area (mustbe even)5_ length of areato be writtenon disksector addressFind /0000 Address of theI/O Area (mustbe even)/0000 Drive code andsector addressPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at DZ945Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress at—InterruptlevelRead /0000 DZ000 D2.100+5 DZ010 DZ 010 2Write /0100 DZ000 D2.100+5 DZ010 DZ010 2Find /0000 DZ000 D2.100+5 DZ010 DZ010 2Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationDZ100+1DZ100+3Used X X X X X138

Significant variables:Symbolic locationDZ350+1DZ235+1DZ904 andDZ905DZ908 andDZ909DZ901DZ906 andDZ907DZ975DZ912DZ913DZ910Contents/UseAddress of the word in COMMA containing the current position of the heads on thereferenced disk.Address of the first word of the I/O Area.C[ C(DZ235+1)] = originally requested word countC[C(DZ235+1) + ] = originally requested sector addressFirst and second words of the last IOCC performed (excluding sense DSW).First and second words of forced-Read after-Seek IOCC.Sector address of previously executed forced Read.IOCC developed for user-requested function.Second word of Read-Back-Check IOCC.Word count remaining to be read or written from original.Next sector to be read or written.Second word of Seek IOCC.Program Analysis Procedures 139

CARDZFlowcharts: FI004-05Used by: SFIOSubroutine required: HOLEZ, ILS01, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF CARDZ (BSI 3 TV DISP)where ACC = FUNCTION CODEXR1 = I/O AREA ADDRESSXR2 = WORD COUNTPeroperative input parameters:Function ACC XR1 XR2Read/0000I/0 Area AddressWord CountWrite/0002I/0 Area AddressWord CountPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at C Z912Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelRead/0000CARDZLIBF TV linkwordCZ100(column)CZ100(column)1Write/0002CARDZUHF TV linkwordCZ110(op complete)CZ110(op complete)4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X X X140

Significant variables:Symbolic locationCZ904CZ904+1CZ902CZ923Contents/UseStart read or punch IOCC, set by program depending on function used toinitiate operation.If read, CZ904 + 1 = CZ906 + 1If write, CZ904 + 1 = CZ908 + 1Read or Punch IOCC, set by program depending on function to read or punchcolumns.If read, CZ902 + 1 = CZ906If write, CZ902 + 1 = CZ908Address pointer to I/0 area, incremented on each column interrupt.CZ925 Original I/O area address -1.CZ920CZ010$RWCZDSW is saved here on an operation-complete interrupt.Switch used for waiting for interrupt:Set positive when waiting for any interrupt.Set zero when column interrupt occurs.Set negative when op-complete interrupt occurs.Previous operation switch:/0000 = previous operation was a read./0002 = previous operation was a write.If a write function is to be performed and the previous operation was a write,this switch causes CARDZ to read a card and test for // in columns 1-2.CZ918CZ918-3thruCZ918Switch used to test for /1 card before writing on it; zero means only readingor previous operation before write was a read.Buffer area for saving first 3 columns; rest of card is read into fourth wordwhen reading before write.Program Analysis Procedures 141

PNCHZFlowchart: FI011Used by: SFIOSubroutines required: HOLEZ, ILS01, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF PNCHZ (BSI 3 TV DISP)where ACC = FUNCTION CODEXR1 = I/O AREA ADDRESSXR2 = WORD COUNTPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC XR1 XR2Write /0002 I/O Area Address Word (character) countof 80Postoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelWrite PNCHZ LIBF TV linkwordPZ060(column)PZ0600PZ080(op complete)PZ0804Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X X142

Significant variables:Symbolic locationPZ340PZ340+1PZ360 andPZ360+1PZ400PZ400+1PZ120+1PZ040Contents/UseAddress pointer to I/O area; First word of Punch IOCC, Incremented oneach column interrupt.Second word of Punch IOCC.Feed IOCC for initiating punch operation.Error display indicator.Second word of last card feed IOCC.Original I/0 area address.Switch used for waiting for operation -- complete interrupt:zero = op complete interrupt has occurrednon-zero = waiting for op-completeProgram Analysis Procedures 143

READZFlowchart: FI008Used by: SFIOSubroutines required: HOLEZ, ILSO4Linkages: LIBF READZ (BSI 3 TV DISP)where XR1 = I/0 AREA ADDRESSPreoperative input parameters:FunctionReadXR1I/O Area AddressPostoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelRead] READZ LIBF TV RZ060 RZ060 4link wordRegister status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X X XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationRZ360RZ360+1RZ380Contents/UseI/0 Area Address; also, first word of Read IOCC.Second word of Read IOCC.Switch used for interrupt processing:non-zero = waiting for interruptzero = set by occurrence of interrupt144

TYPE ZFlowchart: F1012Used by: SFIOSubroutines required: HOLEZ, GETAD, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF TYPEZ (BSI 3 TV DISP)where ACC = FUNCTION CODEXR1 = I/0 AREA ADDRESSXR2 = WORD COUNTPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC XR1 XR2Read/0000I/O Area AddressWord count, set to 80 byTYPEZWrite/0002I/O Area AddressCharacter countPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at KZ910Symbolic Returnentry point address atRead /0000 TYPEZvia LIBF TVlink wordvia LIBF TVInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelKZ100 KZ100 4Write /0002 TYPEZ link word KZ100 KZ100 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X X _Significant variables:Symbolic locationKZ911KZ210+1KZ910KZ906KZ914KZ913KZ900KZ902KZ912Contents/UseOriginal character count plus one.Original I/O area address.Read-Write function indicator word.IOCC used to print characters from KZ914.Buffer word used to hold character to be printed.Saved DSW from Sense-with-reset in interrupt routine.IOCC used to read Keyboard character into I/O area.IOCC used to release Keyboard.Number of remaining characters to be typed. (Each character read is typed.)Program Analysis Procedures 145

WRTYZFlowchart: FI009Used by: SFIOSubroutines required: GETAB, EBCTR, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF WRTYZ (BSI 3 TV DISP)where XR1 = I/0 AREA ADDRESSXR2 = WORD COUNTPreoperative input parameters:Function XR1 XR2Write I/O Area Address Character CountPostoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelWrite WRTYZ WRTYZ+2 TZ100 TZ100 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X XSignificant variables;Symbolic locationTZ907TZ908TZ902Contents/UseNumber of characters remaining to be printed.Output buffer for printing character.IOCC used to print character out of TZ908.146

PRNZFlowchart: FI010Used by: SFIOSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF PRNZ (BSI 3 TV DISP)where XR1 = I/O AREA ADDRESSXR2 = WORD COUNTPreoperative input parameters:Function XR1 XR2Print I/O Area Address Word count, including 1 forcarriage control characterPostoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelPrint PRNZ PRNZ+2 WZ 100 WZ 100 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X X XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationWZ 904WZ906WZ908WZ 990WZ934WZ 933Contents/UseFirst word of Print IOCC, Address of output area.Address for store after character conversion.Counter for character conversion.EBCDIC-to-1403-Printer-code conversion table.Transfer complete switch: zero = transfer complete.EBCDIC character being converted.Program Analysis Procedures 147

PRNTZFlowchart: FI006Used by: SFIOSubroutines required: ILSO2Linkage: LIBF PRNTZ (BSI 3 TV DISP)where XR1 = I/O AREA ADDRESSXR2 = WORD COUNTPreoperative input parameters:Function XR1 XR2Print Output buffer address (first char- Word count, including carriageacter is carriage control)control character.Postoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolic Return Interrupt Return Interruptentry point address at entry point address at levelPrint PRNTZ PRNTZ+2 AZ100 AZ100 2Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineInterruptlevel 2Saved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X X XSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed148

Significant variables:Symbolic locationAZ150+1AZ919AZ900AZ922AZ914AZ924AZ918Contents/UseAddress of first data word in output buffer.Word count.Interrupt exit switch:+ , if line is complete- , if idles complete0 , if waitingSpace counter (positive number of spaces).DSW storage.Scan counter (print).Emitter-character storage.Program Analysis Procedures 149

PAPTZFlowchart: FI007Used by: SFIOSubroutine required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF PAPTZ(BSI 3 TV DISP)where ACC = FUNCTION CODEXR1 = I/O AREA ADDRESSXR2 = WORD COUNTPreoperative input parameters:Function ACC XR1 XR2Read/0000Address of I/O AreaWord count, set to 120by PAPTZWrite/0002Address of I/O AreaWord countPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at BZ924Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelRead/0000PAPTZPAPTZ+2BZ100BZ1004Write/0002PAPTZPAPTZ+2BZ100BZ1004Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X X X X150

Significant variables:Symbolic locationContents/UseBZ924BZ929BZ300+1BZ010BZ902BZ904BZ925BZ926BZ906Read/Write indicator.Number of words remaining to be read or punched.Address of I/O Area.Routine busy indicator: zero, no interrupt waiting to be processed; nonzero,an interrupt waiting to be processed.IOCC used to Start paper tape reader.IOCC used to Read paper tape.Read area for BZ904, Read paper tape IOCC.Write area for BZ906, Punch paper tape IOCC.DSW from sense-with-reset in interrupt subroutine.IOCC used to Punch paper tape.Program Analysis Procedures 151

CARDOUsed by: Assembler Language programs and RPG generated programsSubroutines required: ILSOO, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF CARDO (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function. ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Return to this word ifbusyReturn to this word if notbusyNot usedRead /1000 I/O Area. Address NSI Word countPunch /2000 I/0 Area Address NSI Word countFeed /3000 Not used NSI Not usedStack /4000 Not used NSI Not usedPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at CA20Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest CARDO CA34+1Read /7000 CARDO CA34+1 INT1 INT1 0INT2 INT2 4Punch /7001 CARDO CA34+1 INT1 INT1 0INT2 INT2 4Feed /7002 CARDO CA34+1 INT2 INT2 4Stack /7003 CARDO CA34+1Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationTEMP CA30+1 CA31+1 CA32Used X X X152

Significant variables:Symbolic locationCOUNTCOLMRSTRTRSTRT+1BUSYCHARERRORContents /UseNumber of words left to be transferred.Address being transferred to or from.Word count for restart.Starting address for restart.Busy indicator; non-zero = busy.Second half of the Sense DSW IOCC that was last executed.Skip indicator; non-zero = feed a card.Program Analysis Procedures 153

CARD'Used by: Assembler Language programsSubroutines required: ILSOO, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF CARD1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Return to this word ifbusyReturn to this wordif not busyNot usedRead /1000 I/O Area Address Address of usererror routinePunch /2000 I/O Area Address Address of usererror routineFeed /3000 I/0 Area Address Address of usererror routineWord countWord countNot usedStack /4000 Not used Not used Not usedPostoperative conditions and enter points:Function at CR24+1Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest CARD1 EXIT+1Read /0001 CARD1 EXIT+1 INT1 INT1 0INT2 INT2 4Punch /0002 CARD1 EXIT+1 INT1 INT1 0INT2 INT2 4Feed /0003 CARD1 EXIT+1 INT2 INT2 4Stack /0004 CARD1 EXIT+1154

Register status:MainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsedACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusTEMP CR42+1 CR44+1 CR46XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationRESTRRESTR+1RESTR+2ERRORINDICINITCOLMCOUNTCHARContents/UseCount information for restart.I/O area address for restart.Address of error routine; also, busy indicator.Skip indicator; non-zero = feed a card.Feed check at read station indicator; non-zero = feed check.Last initiate command given.Address being transferred to or from.Number of words to transfer.Second half of the Sense DSW IOCC used.Program Analysis Procedures 155

IREADOUsed by: Assembler Language programs and RPG generated programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF READO (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 I/O AreaTest /0000 Return to this word if busy Not usedRead /1000 Address of word count Word countFeed /1000 Address of word count Word count(must be zero)Postoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest READO RE 180+1Read READO RE18041 RE048 RE048 4Feed READO RE 18041 RE048 RE048 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X XRE324 RE 144+1 RE 156+1 RE 168Significant variables:Symbolic locationRE228RE264Contents/UseBusy indicator; non-zero indicates busy.I/O area address.156

READ1Used by: Assembler Language programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF READ1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Return to this word if busy Return to this word if notbusyRead /1000 I/0 Area Address Address of user's errorroutineFeed /1000 I/O Area Address Address of user's errorroutineNot usedWord countWord count(must be zero)Preoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest READ1 RE180+1Read READ1 RE180+1 RE048 RE048 4Feed READ1 RE 180+1 RE048 RE048 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X XRE324 RE 144+1 RE 156+1 RE168Significant variables:Symbolic locationRE228RE264RE360+2RE370+2Contents/UseBusy indicator; non-zero indicates busy.I/0 Area address.Address of user's error routine for read error.Address of user's error routine during last card.Program Anal ysis Procedures 157

PNCHOUsed by: Assembler Language programs and RPG ;enerated programsSubroutines required: ILSOO, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF PNCHO (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Return to this word if busy Return to this word if notbusyPunch /2000 Address of I/O Area Return to this wordfollowing callNot usedWord countFeed /3000 Not used NSI Not usedPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at CA20Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest PNCHO CA34+1Punch /7001 PNCHO CA34+1 INT1 INT1 0INT2 INT2 4Feed /7002 PNCHO CA34+1 INT2 INT2 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X XTEMP CA30+1 CA31-F1 CA321.58

Significant variables:Symbolic locationCHARCOLMBUSYCOUNTERRORRSTRTRSTRT+1Contents/UseSecond half of DSW last sensed.Address being punched from.Non-zero indicates busy.Number of columns to be punched.Non-zero indicates feed a card (SKIP).Word count for restart.Data address for restart.Program Analysis Procedures 159

PNCH1Used by: Assembler Language programsSubroutines required: ILSOO, ILSO4Linkage: LIBF PNCH1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Return to this word if busy. Return to this word if notbusyPunch /2000 Address of I/O Area Address of user's errorroutineFeed /3000 Not used Address of user's errorroutineNot usedWord countNot usedPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at CA20Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest PNCH1 CA34+1Punch /7001 PNCH1 CA34+1 INT1 INT1 0INT2 INT2 4Feed /7002 PNCH1 CA34+1 INT2 INT2 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationsUsed X XTEMP CA30+1 CA31+1 CA32160

Significant variables:Symbolic locationCHARCOLMBUSYCOUNTERRORINDICRSTRTRSTRT+1RSTRT+2Contents/UseSecond half of Sense DSW IOCC.Address being punched from.Busy indicator; non-zero = busy.Number of columns to punch.Non-zero indicates feed a card (SKIP).Read station feed check if non-zero.Word count for restart.Data address for restart.Address of user's error routine.Program Analysis Procedures 161

TYPEOUsed by: Assembler Language programsSubroutine required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF TYPEO (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Return to this word if operationis not completeRead-Print /1000 I/O Area Address Word CountPrint /2000 I/O Area Address Word CountPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at TY24Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress at]interruptlevelTest TYPEO EXIT+1Read Print /7000 TYPEO EXIT+1 INT1 INT1 4Print /7001 TYPEO EXIT+1 INT1 INT1 4Register status:MainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationsACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusSAVAQ SAVAQ+1 SAV1+1 SAV2+1 SAVSTUsed X X162

Significant variables:Symbolic locationTY24READREAD+1RSTRT+1RSTRT+2COUNTPRINTINITDSWRDRIGHTTEMPITY90+1TY92+1Functional branch instruction:/7000 = MDX * if Read/Print./7001 = MDX *+1 if Print.Pointer to data input area.Last half of Read IOCC.Data area address.Word count.Contents/UseContents depend on the function:/7000 - number of words remaining to be read./7001 - count of remaining characters to be printed, initially set to twice theword count.IOCC used to print character from TEMPI.IOCC used to release keyboard.Device status word from sensing device in interrupt routine.Switch indicating which character in TEMPI will be used next:/0000 = Use right character/0001 = Go get next word from data area and use left character.Contents depend on the function:/7000 - rotate/tilt character converted from hollerith input character fromkeyboard. Character is printed on console from this area./7001 - Temporary storage for printing a character (high order 8 bits was lastcharacter printed).Address of Hollerith table.Address of Rotate/Tilt character table.Program Analysis Procedures 163

PRNT1Used by: Assembler Language programs and RPG generated programsSubroutines required: ILSO1Linkage: LIBF PRNT1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3Test /0000 Returns to this word ifroutine is busyReturns to this word if routineis not busyPrint /20X0 I/O Area Address Error routine addressX = space control0 , space after print1 , suppress spaceControl /3XY0 Return to this word.Carriage X = immediate controlY = after print controlPrint /40X0 I/0 Area Address Error routine addressNumeric X = space control0 , space after print1. , suppress spacePostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at PARTSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest PRNT1 EXIT+1Print /20X0 PRNT1 EXIT+1 INT1 INT1 1Control Carriage /3XY0 PRNT1 EXIT+1 INT1 INT1 1Print Numeric /40X0 PRNT1 EXIT+1 INT1 INT1 1164

Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineInterruptlevel 1Saved at/restored fromsymbolic location AQ AQ+1 FC58+1 FC58+3 F C5 8+4Used X X X X XSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationOUT+1Used X XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationContents/UseILLGL+2 Address of call +1.NEGWDCLEARDSWSPSKPASS2's complement of the word count.Last entry to the clear print buffer routine.DSW from the last interrupt.Space count if (-). Skip if (+). Compare for skip response interrupt.Interrupt switch.FC16+1 Address of call +2.STRE3+2 Address of call +3.SCAN+1CTR48CTR16End of the I/O area.,--Scan counter to determine when line is complete.Counter for 16 idles.Program Analysis Procedures 165

IPRNT3Used by: Assembler Language programs and RPG generated programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF PRNT3 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3Test /0000 Return to this word ifbusyReturn to this word if notbusyPrint /20Z0Z = space control1, space suppressed0, space after printAddress of I/O AreaAddress of error subroutine,error parameter requiredControl/3XY0X = immediate controlY = control after printPostoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest PRNT3 W3080+1Print Third digit at PRNT3 W3080+1 W3010 W3010 4W3920Control Third digit at PRNT3 W3080+1 W3010 W3010 4W3920Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR 3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationW3905 W3905+1 W3060+1 W3050+1 W3070Used X X X X X166

Significant variables:Symbolic locationW3920W3935W3990Contents/UseFirst word of the Sense-DSW-without-reset IOCC; also, Carriage controlcharacter.Routine busy switch, non-zero indicates the routine is processing a message.First word of 60-word output buffer.W3975DSW saved for checking of indicator bits at appropriate time; error bitsduring print complete ,ch. 9/12 during carriage operation complete.W3130+1 Address of user output area.• Program Analysis Procedures 167

PAPT1Used by: Assembler Language programsSubroutines used: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF PAPT1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Return to this word ifthe operation is notcompleteReturn to this word ifprevious operation iscompleteRead /1X00 I/O Area Address Address of user error Word count (1/2 theX=0, Checkroutinenumber of characters)X=1, No checkPunch /2K00 I/O Area Address Address of user error Word count (1/2 theX=0, Checkroutinenumber of characters)X=1, No checkPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at DEVICSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest PAPT1 RET+1Read /0002 PAPT1 RET+1 INT1 INT1 4Punch /0001 PAPT1 RET+1 INT1 INT1 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic location SAVA XR1+1 X.R1+2Used X X X168

Significant variables:Symbolic locationContents/UseDEVICCHECKWDCNTIOARUSERR+2BUFSENSEREADSIOCCFCRDFunction indicator:/0002 = Read./0001 = Punch.Switch for controlling checking function:/0000 = Do not check./FFOO = Check for a Delete or Stop character.Count of remaining words.Data area pointer.Address of user error routine.Temporary storage for word containing 2 characters to be punched.Sense DSW for paper tape.IOCC for starting paper tape reader.Read or punch control word.Character switch:(Punch) Even = Both characters in the word have been punched, go getthe next character.Odd = Punch the right character.(Read) Even = Second character of word was just read.Odd = First character of word was just read.Program Analysis Procedures 169

PAPTNUsed by: Assembler Language programsSubroutine required: ILSO4Linkage: TJFIF PAPTN (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC •ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3I/O AreaAddressTest /0000 Return to this word if Return to this word ifTest reader the previous operation previous operation is/0001 is not complete completeTest punchRead /1X00 I/O Area. Address Address of user Word c ountX=0, Checkerror routine (1/2 the numberX=1, No checkof characters)Punch /2X00 I/O Area Address Address of user Word countX=0, Checkerror routine(1/2 the numberX=1, No checkof characters)Postoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest PAPTN RET+1Read PAPTN RE T+1 INTN INTN 4Punch PAPTN RET+1 INTN INTN 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationSAVA XR1+1 XR2+1 XR2+2Used X X X X170

Significant variables:Symbolic locationCHECKWDCNTRWDCTIOARRIOARUSER!RUSE1BUFRBUFIndex Register 2IOCCREADSCHAR(RCHAR)SENSRRIOCCIOCC2Contents/Use/FFOO = Check for a Delete or Stop character./0000 = Do not check.Number of words remaining to be punched.Number of words remaining to be read.Address pointer to user data area (punch).Address pointer to user data area (read).Address of user error routine (punch).Address of user error routine (read).Temporary storage for word to be punched.Temporary storage for word to be read into.Address of RDTBL, if reading.Address of PNTBL, if punching.IOCC used for punching a character.IOCC used to start tape reader.Switch used to indicate which half of the word is to be used:Even = Both characters in word used.Odd = First character of word was used.DSW received from Sense-with-reset IOCC.IOCC used to read paper tape.IOCC used to punch a Delete character.Program Analysis Procedures 171

PLOT1Used by: Assembler Language programsSubroutines used: ILSO3Linkage: LIBF PLOT1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 I/O Area AddressTest/0000Return here if routinebusyReturn here if routinenot busyNot usedPlot/1000I/O Area AddressAddress of user'serror routineWord countPostoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest PLOT1 RET+1.Plot PLOT1 RET+1 INT1 INT1 3Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationUsed X XSAVAQ SAVAQ+1 XR1+1 XR1-F2—172

Significant variables:Symbolic locationDEVICBUSYDIGITSENSEIOARBUFFIRSTDUPCTCTRLWORKContents/UseNon-zero indicates invalid device.Non-zero indicates busy.Counter to determine which section of packed word is being used.Word count, number of words for this plot.Output area address in user program.Word being decoded for plotting.Non-zero indicates first command.Non-zero indicates repeat some command or plot.Last plot command executed.Command that has been separated out of BUF.Program Analysis Procedures 173

OMPR1Used by: Assembler Language programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF OMPR1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 NOTETest /0000 Return to this word ifprogram is busyReturn to this word ifprogram is not busyTiming /0001 Return to this word if Return to this word if bitMark bit 8 on in DSW 8 is off in DSWTestRead /1X00 I/O Area Address Address of user errorroutineFeed /3000 NSI (return to thisword after feed)NSIX = 1, Stacker SelectX = 0, No StackerSelectDisconnect /4000 NSI (return to thisword after disconnect)NSIStackerSelect/5000 NSI (return to thisword after StackerSelect)NSIPostoperative conditions and entry points:Function at MPR62Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest OMPR1 MPR59+1Timing Mark OMPR1 MPR59 +1TestRead /FFFE OMPR1 MPR59+1 INT1 INT1 4Feed /0000 OMPR1 MPR 59 +1 INT1 INT1 4Disconnect OMPR1 MPR59 +1Stacker OMPR1 MPR59+1Select174

Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationSAVAQ SAVAQ+1 SAVX1 MPR56 i-1 MPR58Used X X X X XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationAccumulatorMPR84+2MPR62READREAD+1MPR68CNTRL andCNTRL+1STKSL andSTKSL+1DSCNT andDSCNT+1BUSYMPR64MPR66Index Register 1Contents/UseAt entry to a user error routine:ACC = 0001, Master Mark detected.ACC = 0002, Read Error and/or Timing Mark Error.ACC = 0003, Hopper Empty.ACC = 0004, Document Selected.Entry to user's error routine.Function:/FFFE = Read (2000)/0000 = Feed (3000)IOCC for Read function.Address of user I/O area.NONZERO, Feed has already been performed.ZERO, Feed has not been initiated for this Read function.IOCC for Feed function.IOCC for Stacker select.IOCC for Disconnect function.Program busy indicator:zero = Not Busy.non-zero = Busy.Zero, No first character interrupt.Non Zero, Have received first character interrupt.Master mark indicator switch:zero = No master mark.non-zero = Master mark read.Address of the calling sequence.Program Analysis Procedures 175

WRTYOUsed by: Assembler Language programs and RPG generated programsSubroutines required: ILSO4Linkage: LIBF WRTYO (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2]Preoperative input parameters:Function ARG1 ARG2 I/O Area AddressTest/0000Return to this word ifoperation is not completePrint/2000I/O Area AddressWord CountPostoperative conditions and entry points:FunctionSymbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest WRTYO WR36+1Print WRTYO WR36+1 INT1 INT1 4Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationSAVA WR30+1 WR32+1 WR34Used X X X XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationCOUNTIOARTEMPIPRINTPRINT+1RIGHTTEMPContents/UseDynamic word counter; number of words remaining to be printed.Pointer to data area, address of last word used.Character to be printed, high order 8 bits was last character printed.First word of IOCC to print character out of TEMPI.Second word of IOCC to print character out of TEMPI.Switch indicating which character in TEMPI will be used next:/0000 = Right character./0001 = Go get next word from date area and use left character.Right half of Sense-with-reset IOCC.176

DISK1Used by: Monitor system programs, Assembler Language programsSubroutines required: ILSO2Linkage:* for monitor system programsLDD LISTBSI L D0000LIST DC FUNCTION CODEDC I/0 AREA ADDRESSfor Assembler Language programsLIBF DISK1 (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3DC ARG4*This subroutine may be entered by user-written Assembler Language programs via the LIBF TV or bymonitor system programs via a direct branch. If a direct branch is used, DISK1 uses the parameters containedin the ACC and EXT to construct the parameters of a LIBF and simulates a LIBF entry by calling on itself.Preoperative input parameters (for LIBF entry) t :Function ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Not used Return to thisword if busyReturn to thisword if not busyNot usedRead /1000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = wordI/O Area error routine word after countinitiating Word 2 = drive codeoperation and sectoraddressWrite /2000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = wordW/ORBCI/O Area error routine word afterinitiatingoperationcountWord 2 = drivecode andsectoraddressWrite /3000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = word countWithRBCI/O Area error routine word afterinitiatingoperationWord 2 = drivecode and sectoraddressWrite /4000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = not usedImmediate I/O Area error routine word after initiatingoperation code and sectorWord 2 = driveaddressSeek /500x Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = not usedx = seek option I/O Area error routine word after initingoperation code and sectorWord 2 = drivedisplacementaddresspplies to simulated LIBF.Program Analysis Procedures 177

Postoperative conditions and entry points:Function at D1928Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest /0000 D1000 (branch) D1070 D1020 D1020 2D1020+2 (LIBF)Read /0001 D1000 (branch) D1070 D1020 D1020 2D1020+2 (LIBF)Write W/O RBC /0002 D1000 (branch) D1070 D1020 D1020 2D1020+2 (LIEF)Write W/RBC /0003 D1000 (branch) D1070 D1020 D1020 2D1020+2 (LIBF)Write Immediate /0004 D1000 (branch) D1070 D1020 D1020 2D1020+2 (LIBF)Seek W/O Seek /0005 D1000 (branch) D1070 D1020 D1020 2OptionD1020+2 (LIBF)Seek With Seek /0005 D1000 (branch) D1070 D1020 D1020 2Option (D1929=x000) D1020+2 (LIBF)Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationD1912+1 D1912 D1060+2 D1060+4 D1060Used X X X X X178

Significant variables:Symbolic locationD0006D1000D1020+2 LIBF TV entry.Contents/UseIf DISK! was entered by a monitor system program at D1000, this word is used byDISK1 to simulate a LIBF link word. The contents of this word should referencethe simulated LIBF at symbolic location D0060.Monitor system program entry.D1020+4 LIBF TV link word. Contains the address of the first parameter in the callingsequence.D0235+1 Address of the word containing the beginning of the file-protected area of the disk(D0310+1)on the specified drive.D0280+1 Address of a table in COMMA containing the list of defective cylinders of the diskon the referenced drive.D0305+1 Address of the device code to be used corresponding to the referenced drive.(D0330+1)D0350+1 Address of the word in COMMA containing the current position of the heads on the(D0390+1)referenced disk.D0901D1901D1902 andD1903D1904 andD1905D1906 andD1907D1908 andD1909D1911D1912 andD1913D1925D1926D1929D1930D1932D1938$DBSYSector address of previously executed Forced Read.Current arm position obtained by reading the sector address after seeking.Last two words of sector previously read. The area is used to store an intermediateword count and sector address.IOCC for the operation currently being performed.IOCC for the user-requested function.IOCC to reader sector address into D1901 after a seek operation.Second word of Sense IOCC.Used to save and restore the ACC and EXT.Word count remaining to be read or written from originally requested word count.Next sequential sector to be read or written.Non-zero if the seek option was requested.Non-zero if the displacement option was requested.Second word of Seek IOCC.Current sector address.Non-zero indicated routine is busy; this word must be cleared to zero before entryto this routine is permitted.Program Analysis Procedures 179

DISKNUsed by: Monitor system programs, Assembler Language programsSubroutines required: ILS02Linkage:* for monitor system programsLIST DCDCLDD LISTBSI L D0000FUNCTION CODEI/0 AREA ADDRESSfor Assembler Language programsLIBF DISKN (BSI 3 TV DISP)DC ARG1DC ARG2DC ARG3DC ARG4*This subroutine may be entered by user-written Assembler Language programs via the LIBF TV or by monitorsystem programs via a direct branch. If a direct branch is used, DISKN uses the parameters contained inthe ACC and EXT to construct the parameters of a LIBF and simulates a LIBF entry by calling on itself.Preoperative input paramaters (for LIBF entry)tFunction ARG1 ARG2 ARG3 ARG4 I/O Area AddressTest /0000 Not used Return to thisword if busyReturn to thisword if not busyNot usedRead /1000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = wordI/O Area error routine word after initiatingoperation Word 2 = drivecountcode and sectoraddressWrite W/O /2000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = wordRBC I/O Area error routine word after initiatingoperation Word 2 = drivecountcode and sectoraddressWrite With /4000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = wordRBC I/O Area error routine word after initiatingoperation Word 2 = drivecountcode and sectoraddressWrite /1000 Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = not usedImmediate I/O Area error routine word after initiatingoperationWord 2 = drivecode and sectoraddressSeek /500x Address of the Address of user Return to this Word 1 = net usedx = seek optiondisplacementI/O Area error routine word after initiatingoperationWord 2 = drivecode and sectoraddress(Applies to simulated LIBF.180

Postoperative conditions and entry points:Function at DN9 84+XR 1Symbolicentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptentry pointReturnaddress atInterruptlevelTest /0000 DN000 (branch) DN120 DNO20 DNO20 2DNO20+2 (LIBF)Read /0001 DN000 (branch) DN120 DNO20 DNO20 2DNO20+2 (LIBF)Write W/O /0002 DN000 (branch) DN120 DNO20 DNO20 2RBCDNO20+2 (LIBF)Write With /0003 DN000 (branch) DN120 DNO20 DNO20 2RBCDNO20+2 (LIBF)Write /0004 DN000 (branch) DN120 DNO20 DNO20 2ImmediateDNO20+2 (LIBF)Seek W/O /0005 DN000 (branch) DN120 DNO20 DNO20 2Seek OptionDNO20+2 (LIBF)Seek With /0005 DN000 (branch) DN120 DNO20 DNO20 2Seek OptionDNO20+2 (LIEF)Register status:ACC EXT XR1 XR2 XR3 StatusMainlineSaved at/restored fromsymbolic locationDN902 DN902+1 DN110+1 DN110+3 DN100Used X X X X XSignificant variables:Symbolic locationDN230+1Contents/UseIf DISKN was entered by a monitor system program at DN000, this word is used byDISKN to simulate a LIBF link word. The contents of this word should referencethe simulated LIBF at DN902.DNO20+4 Contents of the LIBF link word if called by a user-written LIBF.DN902 and Simulated LIBF parameters for direct branch input:DN902+1 D0010 = /1100 for read input= /2200 for write inputD0010+1 = address I/O areaDISKN is capable of executing 5 drives simultaneously. Reference to the proper disk drive work areasis accomplished by use of a table. XR1 is used to point to the relative starting position for each specificdrive in the table. The starting address in the table is computed as follows:Program Analysis Procedures 181

Significant variables (Continued):Symbolic locationContents/UswThe contents of location DNXXX+XR1 where DNXXX is the first entryin the table and XR1 contains twice the drive code.Example: Assume drive 1 is referenced. The address would be:DNXXX+(1 x 2) = DNXXX + 2DN952 andDN952+1DN050+1Index Register 2DN978+XR1DN980+x-R1DN982+XR1DN9 83 i-XR1DN970+XRIDN985+XR1DN986+XR1 andDN9 86 +1+XRiDN990+XR1DN991+XR1First and second words of Seek IOCC if one is required; also used as temporarystorage.Drive determination: the drive currently being referenced may be determined bythe contents of Xi11 corresponding to the relative starting address in the drivetable, or by examining the contents of STOX1+1. This location contains twice thedrive code.Drive code and I/O area address at various times during execution of this routine.Current position (sector address) of the heads on the referenced drive.Last two words of the I/0 area just read into.Address of the user's error routine.Current seeking status of the drive:/FFFF = drive is seeking, has just seeked, or seek is required./0000 = seek not required, or not in process.Originally requested user function.Error counter for referenced drive for this operation:50 10- C(DN985+XR1) = total errors occurred for this drive during requestedfunction.IOCC for the current user-requested operation, except for Seek and Sense DSW.Originally requested sector address.Current sector address for current IOCC.182

Significant variables: (Continued)Symbolic locationDN992-FXR1DN993-FXR1DN994-FXR1DN995-FXR1$DBSYContents/UseRemaining word count to be read or written.Word count to be used in next I/0 operation.Current I/0 area address.Read-back-check counter:100 10= C(DN995+XR1) = total errors occurred attempting to perform RBC.Current status of each of the 5 possible drives; i. e. , if drives 0 and 2 are bothbusy, bits 0 and 2 of $DBSY are set to 1.Program Analysis Procedures 183

FLOWCHARTSSystemLoaderFlowcharts:SYLO1 - 05Cold StartLoaderFlowchart:CSTOILINKCold StartProgramFlowchart:CSTO23DUMPEXITSkeletonupervisorlowchort:SUPOICore ImageLoaderFlowcharts:CIL01 - 02EXITentryLINK DUMP DUMP LINKentry, entry, entry, entry,DSF negative non-negative DCIprogram parameter parameter programMonitor ControlRecord AnalyzerFlowcharts:SUP02 - 08Auxi I iarySupervisorFlowchart:SUFI°System CoreDump P ogramFlowchart:SUP09DUP FOR RPG ASM XEQrecord record record record recordTerm inal DynamicDump DumpDCI DSFprogram programUSEREXECUTIONSubroutineLibraryFlowcharts:UTL01-13SCA01-07F1001-13Disk Utility FORTRAN RPG Compiler AssemblerProgram (DUP) Compiler Flowcharts: ProgramFlowcharts: Flowcharts: See RPG PLM Flowcharts:DUPOI -13 FOROI - 30 Form Y21-0010 ASMO1 -24EXIT EXIT EXIT EXITCore LoadBui derFlowcharts:CLBOI - 02•LINK LINK EXIT EXIT LINK DUMP EXITFlowchart DMS01. Disk Monitor System, System Overview• Flowcharts 185

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••••10•ENTER FROM COLD.• START LOADER •• •A•GET DEVICE CODE•• FOR LOGICAL 0 •• SET UP BY COLD •• START LOADER • •CL• •• INITIALIZE •*LOCATION 0 WITH••BRANCH TO SUMP• •ADI• SET UP NORO •• COUNT AND +SECTOR ADDRESS •• OF RESIDENT •• IMAGE •EL...*.....• INITIALIZE• SOCYL ENTRIES• FOR POSITIVE• TOFlo** * .....• SET SDBSY AND• SCYLN TO ZERO•01***.m. ......•FETCH RESIDENT •IMAGE•141***.n .....• INITIALIZE ••SACO( ENTRY FOR•• LOGICAL 0 •mon• EXIT TO •• AUXILARY •• SUPERVISOR •Flowchart CST02. Cold Start Program192

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• A4 :...CM000CM11;... A4114**Al• ENTER FROM : ...SAVE LOW COMMON•• SKELETON ON THE C.111• SUPERVISOR • • •••MOVE DISK READ• ROUTINE TO• (HASH•CM220 X82 *. 63 84 000000 I.... • •.• .• FORMAT •.m. YES •FETCH AUXILARY • •LOOK UP NAME OF...X.. CODE • X SUPERVISOR • LINK IN ••..NEGATIVE 0. • • LET/FLET •... .. • •...IDCI* o.CALL YES• DUMP-•▪ *- .*NO. .XC2 C4 ...••••C3. ... .........C5• FETCH DUMP • • EXIT TO • 0 NAME IN ... NO •PROGRAM AUXILARY .. • LET/FLET 0 X. EXIT TO $DUMP •• • • SUPERVISOR • ... .*... ....111. .4• YES•D1_... ••••02*.*.NO .• • CALL ... • TRANSFER TO •..... LINK .... • DUMP PROGRAM •0. NAME OF ... YES.. A DATA FILE... o. ..• . *....0.... ....0• YES • NO. .. .XEl o.EAo. E5ANY .. ••••E2•..■ COMMON •*. YES •ENTER FROM CORE.0. • DSF OR .... DCI •SET CORE IMAGEBELOW .o.... IMAGE LOADER • ... DCI X•LOADER SWITCH.• 4096 ... • PHASE 2 • .. .* •ECLSW, TO ZERO... ..X• NO .4.0 ..I:6 .000. . • 4 • . 04.•• A4 • Fl ...X.o •.. ..Xo H1 •••••.••• XZ ••••••...Fl ... F2 *. F3 f4 .01... 0. *.... D/SKZ •. ... YES 0. CALL e. NO • FETCH MONITOR • • COMMON ... NO•. MONITOR 0. ... .• • ANALYZER • 0. .*. .• *. 0..X... IN RESIDENT 0. X•. LINK 0. X CONTROL RECORD .. BELOW 4096 .*....• NO • YESX*AYES ........ :...•X. • fl •;( 1 XGI • G2 x G4• 4 ......•SET CORE IMAGE • 'FETCH CORE LOAD. 'EXIT03TO MONITOR. .. itnEER MrSt1 •'LOADER SWITCH. • BUILDER. PHASES *CONTROL RECORD • COMMON AND 4096• SCLSK. TO 1 * • 0 AND 1 • • ANALYZER • • ON THE CIA ••H/ •.X.• •LD000oo.1•••H1FETCH CORE •• IMAGE LOADER• PHASE 2 •*112• EXIT TO CORE •• LOAD BUILDER •• PHASE 0 •• 00...11• EXIT TO CORE •• IMAGE LOADER. •• PHASE 2 •Flowchart CIL01. Core Image Loader, Phase 1Flowcharts 203

• ENTER FRCIM CORER•• IMAGE LOADER, •• PHASE 1 •HI• CORE'.• SWITCH,SCLSW•I02• OISKZYES•X.. REQUESTED .*• 0 • NO•CI C2 *.• FETCH CORE •IMAGE. HEADER• •DISKI YESREQUESTEDB3• PREPARE TO •X• FETCH DISK1• •••••• •• C3C3**. *****• •• PREPARE 70 •A.• FETCH DISKI •• •• NO.....• • x• 02 •.X. D3 *.X• •....... : ....x X xDI . D2 03 04 • ..• TRANSFER • • .. CORE •.....US•PARAMETERS FROM. PREPARE TO • •FETCH REQUESTED .•RETURN TO CORE •• LORE IMAGE • • FETCH DISKN • X DISK I/O SUBP. X.,.. ,4712H, %. 1 X• IMAGE LOADER •HEADER to CoMnA•• • 4. SCLSW, .. • PHASE I ••• 0• •E4 ..0• •El•STORE ABS SCTR •• ADDRESSES OF •• LOCALS AND ••SOCALS, IF ANY,.•IN C.I. HEADER •1141.4E4 ......• FETCH CORE LOAD•• •El ..X..FpNO .. • CORE .. • EXIT TO CORE •..... LOAD IN GIB .. LOAD • •• TESGI..PART OF•.• CORE LOAD •. NOBELOW4096• YESX 71.HI *. H2 H3 *. 04 *..•ALL OF .. . PREPARE TO •• crIRE LOAD •. NO • FETCH ALL OF • .. NECESSARY •R. YES.. DISKN •.. YESBELOW .. X.CORE LOAD BELOW . X Ṭ ? FETCH 0151., X.. REQUESTED ......• ... 4096 .. 4096.. .* • • •iA YES • NO • NO 0011..• •X. •. 02..X. E4 • • •JI•• PREPARE. TO• FETCH ALL OE• CORE LOAD•••• •J4• DISKI.NOREQUESTEDJ5• • PREPARE TO X. FETCH DISK/ •K• H3 •• YES. 000. 1114.•. • •..X. C3 •..X• 03 :*Of.Flowchart CIL02. Core Image Loader, Phase 2204

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A2 .• *. 3• PERFORM •NO: PROCESSING• TP000 — PH 6 •....Al*• ENTER FROM •• PHASE 1 •• •• • • •• 81 ...X •81MC000•••RELOCATE •MAINLINE PROGRAM •• 81000— PH 2 • •2•82CI C2•Mg&LENg-K:O00vo• •• 01 •.X•MCO30D1• FETCH PHASE 3 •LK000 —PH 0• •••11.0• •• El ...X• •MC090••El•GET ENTRY FROM• LOAD TABLE• FETCH PHASE 4LK000 PH 0• •G4• •• YES •O•••••••1•1•0%83 ...* B4.• .. COMMON .. YES • PRINT R47 •.. OVERLAYS X MESSAGE PM000• •.CORE LOAD.• • PH 0 •.. ..NO•.xxMC170MCI BOC3.. ... C4..... ANY .. NO •PRINT EXECUTION.o. ERRORS • .... ...... X MESSAGE PM000 —• RELOCATE•Rinn EgAiiIL000 PH 4 .. .. • PH 0 •• .. ..• YES•iD2 03 04. .. D5• •*LOADING TLOOD • x •• STORECI •• ..• • • .. ...• YESMIDCALCULATE • TERMINATE • .* .. NOL.AVAILAB E COREX. AIPLWER •• ET000 PH 4 • PH 0 .. ... • PHASE 2 •• E3•• .MC/50 •• xE2 .•. .. E3 ...... am*. . ... NO •FETCH PHASE 12 ..• ••LOCALS ORX LK000 — PH 0... SOCALS .*.. ..• YESMC270E4• • • EXIT TO CORE •FETCH DUP • IMAGE LOADER •• •MC060. .Fl• LAST YESENTRY .....• NOF2•FETCH OVERLAYED•PART PHASE 2 ...o• LK000—PH 0 •**ff.F3 ...... w••••*PRINT CORE MAPFOR SUBROUTINES•M2000 — PH 12*1.1• •. RETURN TO DUP •• •.... **Oil• • 81 : • •• G2 .... • • • G4 ..........MC160 x MC120 M x01 ... .. G2 .. 63 ...... ern * Gh.. ... .. ENTRY ... ENTRY •.. YES ...PREVIOUSLY .. YES • FETCH PHASE 6 • • FETCH PHASE 5 ••. RELOCATED .•.... •. RELOCATED .•.•.. LK000 — PH 0 LK000 -. PH 0... YET .. .. LOCAL .. • • • •.. . ..i.11D••••• • NO ••••• .000 • El • • • • et •. • • • H2 o•X • •. ..... ...tomaxMC210 X MC240 x .4.HI H2 H3 ...... a... H4• • . DETERMINE • • ... ...•CHECK NAME FOR • • WHETHER TO • •CREATE TRANSFER. ... LOCALS • .. YES• CALL OR LIRE • •RELOCATE ENTRY • •VECTOR TV000—PH• .. PROCESSED ......XCN000-PH 0 • 00000—PH 3 6 .. YET ..• • :• • ... ..X%.....II• •• A3 • NC330Jl .. J2 .• ...• • J4*qu •••.. ... 10.DISK .. NO .. a. YES.. .. o. .d... 411. .. .. .. . ..lc o. .... x* YES MO • NO *4.0 • YES.. ANY o. NO*.▪ I/0 ENTRY ...... ... BYPASS ...... ... LOCALS .*• • • •El • et •• •....'.....*NO05•••••• •PROCESS SOCALS •..X• PS000 — PH 5 •••H5• SOCALS •• NO▪ COMPLETEDJ5X• YES• •DI:mit• FETCH PHAS E •10000 — PH 44• •XMC220XK1 .. K2 K4 K5• • RELOCATE •.. NO RELOCATE • •PROCESS LOCALS•. • REQUIRED ILS ... PASS I ...... • SUBROUTINE • ADD FLIPPER • SUBROUTINES •8/000—PH 2 • • PL000 — PH 5 • IL000 — PH 4 ••• YES...X••02 •• •••H2 • • ..X• El • ..X• DI • .0* E3 •*low . .***Flowchart CLB02. Core Load Builder, Master Control206

• •• Ah •• •CCATiiA4......*A2• INITIALIZE• ENTER FROM • •CATCO SWITCHES• SUPERVISOR •AND WORK AREAS•• AS REQUIREDxB2.. B3 B4.... • •.. ••. PAPER .. YES •SET CATCO PTPON•... INITIALIZETAPE ON ... X•SWITCH NON-ZERO• INTERRUPT .. SYSTEM ... LOCATIONS ... .• • • • •NO& CI C241SET • NO .0 . 1442-5 • .. .+.• CATCO.RBLINK •X • ON SYSTEM ..••SWITCH NON-ZERO. ... ...0. ...• YESX.X02•BUILD CARD I/O •PHASE• •Ca C4X• WiDgg ER • • READ MOM OF •SYSTEM DRIVE TO••• CATCO •x XD3 D4•WRITE PHASE 16 • • LOPYRSEINTO DISK AT 0 FOR • • REMAINDER OF •• CCATE2•..RITE PHASE 15TO DISK• •xE3.•. ... E4.• PRIN... READ PRINC.NO 0.1/0 W/D KB ... &PRINTER DEVICE •..... ... PAPER ... ROUTINE.... TAPE .. • OVERLAYING •.1. .. CCAT• YESF3•WRITC OPtlik. 15 •• •• •• EXIT TO RESTFlowcharts 207...G2 . ... G3.10 I...••PRINCIPAL •. YES &BUILD KEYBOARD •I/0 .m x PHASE•.KEYBOARD 0. • •... .•• NO.xH2•WRITE PHASE 14 •TO DISKJ2•SET CATCO (ROUT••SM TO INDICATE PRINCIPAL 1/0 •• DEVICE•*OA.• •• A4 •0. •Flowchart DUPO1. Disk Utility Program, CCAT

• ▪ •• A2• • A4 •• . ol.o .X PL035•••.••E▪ NTER FROM REST.A2A4• IN DUPCORDITO• PRINT CONTROL •RECORD• •••XDOACTL02 .. 03•.. .... 4.. YES • PROCESS COUNT•DUMPDATA .. A.• FIELD.. ..*. .. •FETCH PRECIPHASE. ****•014•..X. Al •• •STCTLBl .. B2••... 83PL03084•... .. •PROCESS •STORE.•RETURN • *. YES .. .. YESFROM CLB ...... .. •STORE .. X: 491t1, —E 4*. .. .CONTROL KECORDS•o. ...X • 1.4.• NO 4.11. ..•140• a . woo.• • Ah • . . •003.. •..X• Al40..X; ••••DUCTLPL050C2 ... C3 C4.. . • •.. .. YES 0:PROC.81 MP. ••• •DUMP • .•A. FETCH DUMPCI• 60 • X• FETCH STORE• PRINCIPAL.NO▪ I/0 FROM .06...K.B.• YES01..o. .......•FETCH DUP PHASE•14 (PRIN. I/O• SU8R. SET) •........ .4.4.X.... .. X .CONTR8LPRECORDS... .. • • •we▪ NONO*008.• Al*• •XEx.... ....... E2....*READ ••DUMPLET. •........ .0.40NOYESLECTLE3X•SET LET/FLET SW.FL100E4X I.CONTROL RECORDSFLCTLFl .. F2 .. F3•.. •NO .. CONTROL •.. .. .. YES • SET FLET ONLY..... RECORD .. al. • .DUMPFLET .. X: SWit. ... ... .... 0;PL060F4•FETCH DUMPLET•• YES • NO. 1/...• . •010•. . ..X. Al •X XDLCTLPL070GI .. 02.... .....01 ... G4..MONITOR.. .. *.• •CONTROL .. NO .. .. YES •PROCESS •DELETE* •RECORD .0.... .. •DELETE .. X.CONTROL RECORD • X. FETCH DELETECARD .40 ...*. .. •.. .. • • :i• YES OM • NO• •..••, ••••• A2 : . . •011•• ..X. Al •411.44 • •DFCTLPL0801.41. * ..... H2 .. 3 .1. H4.. .. • ••SET UP DEXIT TO .. .. YESGO TO .. •DEFINE x:R5Ht RECORD Xi FETCH DEFINE. SUPERVISOR .. .. •.. .. • •••• NO: •. •07,2•..X. Al •• •WACTL J3 ..miljto•ou ..... .. .. • • ...J4_+EXIT VIA LEAVE • .. • YES *PROCESS RECORD • ETA 1.111JOHS •• IN DUPCO • *. *DWADR .. X.CONTROL RECORD •• • X* V°. .. • • DUPCO •. .. .. • •••NO•K2• • ••Kx• SET UP OUP CTRL. •EXIT VIA LEAVE ••REC ERROR EXIT • X• IN DUPCO • •• • •IVOFlowchart DUP02. Disk Utility Program, DCTL208

•003•• Al•• ••iSTOREAl 0. A4 0. A5.0 . 41..I/0 .. YES•..... NO • READ SYSTEM •.. REQUIREDX*. STOREDATA .. X FORMAT RECORDS.• NO.* 0.B1 •.X.• •xEl •. B2...0. B3 R4 05...0...FXA OR .. MOVE FROG. OR. YES 0.: UMW 0:.YES •DATA FXA OR • • READ DATA • .. RECORD • 0. NO• STOREMOD .0UA AESFORMAT RECORDS .. TYPE VALID .0...... O ENOUGH .0X • RE TQUOIR D • ••0 0. 00. NO ..•IVO • YS E •••. •••• . •••• • •• E2 0..X: E2 • ..X: H2 • • •• •x• • •p...44.1.• ••C3...CI 0. C2 ..0.C5.* 0... ..1 ERROR ...... .. YES .0 .• CORE • 11. YES ... DETECT .. YES • WRITE TOSTORECI .0 Xi.. LOAD BUILT .. X.I.WH/LE ST RING.....:WORKING STORAGE•s. .• .. .0 ..CORE L AO.•o...... 0. ...• NO •• NO • NO ••••• •• E2 •..X• 111 •*.e.0.• •.40.001 .• 0. D2.0 .. •OUP EXIT CALLS •.• STORE 0. YES ••CLB WHICH CALLS•. TO WORKING ...... • DDUP . S PRECI0. STORAGE .. • PHASE0. .4 ••** *140 O...4 • 004.• H2 • • •• • • E2 •.Xme • •iimeEl o..*FXA OR *. .0.0E2... UA HOLE .. NDLARGE .0 X.▪ EX/T TO LEAVE. ENOUGH .*.. .4.• YES• YESFLNO DSF 0....*. PROGRAMF2• UPDATE LET OR •..0• REQUIRED •• YESG1•• DO ADJUST•PROGRAM TO END• OF USER AREA•XHI*M8VJAPTSTIMORRFXA AS• REQUIRED •02• •:UPONIARES AS •• •• ▪ •H2 ...X• •• pRINT SIGN OFF •MESSAGE• •J1MASK, DO NOT •ALLOW KBINTERRUPT •00••12• •• EXIT TO REST •• •Flowchart DUP03. Disk Utility Program, STOREFlowcharts 209

LF000Al.• SET LOCAL:111Atif OrIILDF•005.• 131.•.X:61RR000 007E1READ AND PRINT• A RECORD ••005•....* • C4..*005. . •CI •.X.• • ,6.4.11 XCI.. C2 .. C3 ..X. ..LOCAL •..•••C4... NO.:.NO.. RECORD .. X.:. WaSab X. RECORD %." x...EXIT TO LEAVE •.. .. X • •.. ..• YES • YES • YES.• •. . C4 . . • ••0.•; X 1DI .. 02 ..6 ,03 .... .... LAST it. YES .. LAST • YES o LAST •. YESRECORD A 6..... .. RECORD A • ...... .. RECORD A• LOCAL .. .. NOCAL .. ... FILES ..% .. . X •006•• NO ..•.NO • NO..i.*006..0066. • A3. • A3• •• . 16 • .i▪ X XEl". E2 E3 ******* 6...WR000 007E4 WR000 007E4 MR000 00714• ----.• •WRITEBUFFER TO•eSCRA SECTORS. :INii8YEPARI2 tNa inqRsT:: •b B 1 4-5▪FlLOCAL.YES• INDICATOR▪ ONF2•INDICATORON•• INWOR ...TLX: C4II. ON000▪ • NO ••••••• C4 •.• •Of.*• NO• •• C4 •• NO01SET LOCALINDICATOR ONG2INHIJKING3SET FILESINDICATOR ONIt•006•. A30••006. .06.• A3•• 0 Al.Flowchart DUPO4. Disk Utility Program, FILEQ210

..*006 *.Al.•006•. A2• • • A3•• .......... .X X XAl A2 A3RR000 007E1 •SET WORD COUNT 4.— —. :SET WORD COUNT TO ONE • •READ AND PRINT • • A RECORD • • ••••••FB000 1 X03007AI• •SET•STORE NUMBER TO.MAINLINE•DISK I/O BUFFER.• NAME A BLANK.• • •X81 X 82 ...•83• ..• POINT TO COLUMN. •YES .. RECORD ..B•POINT TO COLUMN••X *. SAME TYPE .. • 7 .. AS LAST .. . • .... ....• •• NO......CI •.XX••••••.00SoC.• .CI..C!.3 *• . .FETCH AND .. CONVERT FILE•.. COLUMN .. NO• NUMBER •.. A COMMA .a. .... ...• YES•X▪ .ElE2o. •• 4.. YES • SET FILE NAME • ••COLUMN A X• BLANK • COMMA .. •.. .. • •NO•FB005 300761...X.*---------------.STORE NAME TO ▪ I/0 BUFFER•••FN000 l 007A3 •f80002 007A1*---------------. • —• FETCH FILE NAME. •STORE FILE NAME••AND CONVERT TO TO I/O BUFFER • NAME CODE • • •XF3.....NEXT *. YES• • COLUMN • A 0,BLANK• G3 ••X.• NO•005•• Bl•• •GI*F8000 00761*-------- -------•STORE FILE NAME*• TO 1/0 BUFFER •▪G3 • G4RR000 007E1FOLLOWING YES• •COLUMN A X READ AND PRINTBLANK • A RECORD •• NOHI.. H2.. NEXT .. •• COLUMN A .. NO • FETCH AND .1. •RIGHT X• CONVERT *• PAREN .. • CARTRIDGE ID . . * •• YES•XH3 H4 ..•FN000 007A3• ... .... TYPE .. NO...: CONVERT MR. • .... S t2ET AS ....• NAME • .. ..X• YES.05*• 0 C4.• •JIJ4•SET CARTRIDGE • ID BLANK ••POINT TO COLUMN.• a •• •K/ n K2 ......*. K3•F0000 • .0NEXT ,.. NO .• FOLLOWING •. NO*STORE CARTRIDGE. X*. .• COLUMN .. X*. COLUMN .*....ID UTOER I/0 • .. BLANK .• .. BLANK ..• B .. *. ..• .. .6 e . i• YES •• YES ....• • ••CI R X• •.... .46.4 16.0.4 •A2 • •• A20..0 .0.0G3Flowchart DUPO5. Disk Utility Program, FILEQFlowcharts 211

FB000Al *.%/ODILSAFERFULL.•.0• NOYES* 005.• C460 ••FNOODA30FIRST • *. NOCOLUMN ...........i•4.• YES •0 0• L4• •BISTORE FILENAME. CARTRIDGEID OR SUER.NAME IN DISKI/O BUFFERX• STORE THEAMNIN• BUFFER•INCREMENT MORDCOUNTACCORDINGLYX0. •4.. COLUMN A ....... ..X• NAME CODE0 . COMMA .0 X 0. .0 • •C3C4...•NEXT .. YES •CONVERT NAME TO.•.ND•...01•:CALNURNOLYINE:•.03 4. x.0 0. ••••.6 NEXI 0. YES • RED4TURN TO •0. COLUMN ....... •CALLINO ROUTINE.BLANK .00 . .0•.AORR000EP .04••E2▪ RECORD v. YES ...X:CMINTCOUNT ZERO .0LAIGAMB0. .0• NO•••E3 *.NOTHIS 4.COLUMN THE .60 . SIXTH• NOMR000E4 4....I/OD18;FERCLEARNO•**•••*• •READ A RECORD• •••••VITER°18 K s10• • •.05**•0 CA• • F4••MRITE DISK I/O •BUFFER TO SCRA •GI •• •• PFIORIIHE ••.•002• •.RETURN TO DCTL ••G4• •:CLEAl upin I/O •• •XHI.... *****:RECUS REWIT BY:ONE •6 .6* .H4• RETURN TO •.CALLING ROUTINE.00000:CALI ▪ T8449INE:Flowchart DIJP06. Disk Utility Program, FILEQ212

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701000XC000 %POO°Al A3 A4• • • •PLACE DATA WORD:•CLEAR THE PRINT. •PLACE CHECKSUM IN BUFFER • • AREA •AND WORD COUNT •• •• • IF NEEDED •• • •••0 000x.e.eit' •'.. B2 ....0..LAST • 0. NOBUFFERf. DATA WORD .0,x• %.442. .•..1. ..1 .. ..,0. .0 .. ..YES •.:ESXPI20... XPI65B4 .. B5••••113 ..PUNCHED..• OUTPUT ON •. NO •PUNCHCIIMRD ON.RETURN .. PAPER0• • ...TAPE . .• .. • •• YESRW100CI•PLACE BUFFER ONDISK•C4•PUNCH RECORD ONPAPER TAPE• •XI0005P2B0. D3O • ..•• 04•PLACE DATA •:RETURN• RETURN•••.1.1••E3• RETURN • Flowchart DUP08. Disk Utility Program, DDUMP214

• D Al•••DUMPLET*A/• EXECUTE• ONE-TIME••INITIALIZATIONS•A2• GET LET/FLET..X• AtIa.":14 .• 08ADR.•x..81. ..*. 82..SINGLE .. YES • PRINT DCOM •.. ENTRY .. HEADER LINE.. .. • •*. ....•110MAI• •C1 .XCI • C2 *.• • IS THIS NORESTORE PAGE A SECONDARY •.• *. ENTRY .11YESDI• READ A SECTOR •OF LET/FLET• •D2•FIND PRIMAR••XxEl E2 E3 *.• • . ANY .• PRINT DCDM • • FORMAT AND • .. MORE .. YES.HEADER LINE •PRINT ONE ENTRY X*. ENTRIES TO ......••*. PRINT ..• PER LINE •''..11a. ...•..X• H2 •.....O.FlF2 '• ..F3•HEADER LINE • ..ANOTHER•.• SET UP TO •.• SEFTR ON •. YESX: PRffEi8RNUT.."...CARITI RiDGE.. '*• LET/FLET •.PRINT LET/FLET•.. .. • •• NOG/ G2 G3• FORMAT AND ••PRINT ONE LINE ••ANOTHER YES•• OF LET/FLET •• ENTRIES •XCARTRIDGE•.REQUIREDS. PRUISVPNNT• CARTRIDGE4.4.0CI •• •• H2 •.X• NO: • • • •HI •*NO SECTOR • *. YESALL PRINTER2.WRITI EMli OFF •...j2• EXIT TO DUPCO •• VIA REST •Flowchart DUP09. Disk Utility Program, DUMPLET/DUMPFLETFlowcharts 215

DELETE•AI•BA000 ••• INITIALIZE FOR •• PREVIOUS DUMY •• /F ANY •El•NU000 ••COMPUTE SIZE 0F•• ENTRY TO BE •• DELETED •Xct•MU000 •• —••INITIALIZE FOR •FOLLOWING DUNN, •• IF ANY •Dl•CN000 ••SHRINK LET/FLET•• UNTIL DDF OR •• DCI FOUND •El•• INSERT DUMYENTRY F•......... .......Floe*•SH000SHRINK• REMAINDER OF• LET/FLET••••••DU000 ••1/1000Z•• UPDATE LAST ...X.DELETE PROGRAM DUET ENTRY FROM UA •• •.4.HlDELETE • YESFROM UA• • •• NO••••j1*EXIT TO REST IN•DUPCO •• •Flowchart DUP10. Disk Utility Program, DELETE216

DEFINE0 *****1000* ******0*****ENTER FRCM OUP • y , ••:212:* CONTROL 0 * *•O•*** Bs *...a * .X*•*•B4 .0. 001 0. 028..0 .. .* +'*. .. ..5 • *. .0 8. ****85**** *****.* VOID 0. NO .0 VOID 0. NC .8. VOID 0. NO •* MODIFY 8. NO * *. ASSEMBLER .0 0*. FORTRAN .0 X*. RPG .8 X*. FIXED AREA .0 X: ERROR **. .0 4. .* *. .* *. .* • r*. .* *. .* *. .** YFS * YES 0.* YES • YES% 1▪ X %.0.E 1 .0. 0. C2 0. C3 4. C4.0 *..* *. .. *. .* 0. .* •. ****.0 N. ND .8 FORTRAN V. NC .* RPG 0. NCS. ASSEMBLER . ►. PRESENT .0.... B. PRESENT .8.... .:0 AiLEIID * :*!!..X: E2 aN. PRESENT .0 . *. . 8. 0... .0 0. .00. .0 .• 8. .0 **Si%% i**** * YES ****►* YES **** 0 NES► : "L.* *"*.*. **** * ** * . * 115 . * * * AB * . * * * BS *• L DI •*.X. •* * ..X* D * S...** ..X* Dl * ** * . *0** • * ****•*** X *8** ****XD I *. *****0.0 S. ***► *REPLACE ADM OF*.* FIXED *. YES . *CIB INTERrALL y *S. AREA .*....X. 55 *.. :.PRESENT * * win * WIZ :*. .5 **** **** AREA * * * * ********** * * * * *B, *lo E2 * **********Ft********** E2 0.* * *.* .*DETERMINE PHASE* .0. FIXED 4. YES* ID RANGE OF * *. AREA TO BE .• 0:IPAZEEMMES:FROG TO 5010 * *.DECREASED.} ** *. .* y****** * ** * ** ***** *. .0 ****************** NO******E4 ********** *****ES ********** GET LAST FLET *..X . SECTOR • ERRORX 0*****Ft* ***** **** ***** F2 * **** ***** REMOVE PHASE .RIOS FROM SLET 6* :1AVIPAIMs* RELOAD TABLE ********* ***** * *** ******* ************ *G2 0...* ***A,*Ẋ .0.*****G1* ******** ***** G2* ****** *** G3 *.*9* * * .*PROCESS REBUILT* * UPDATE MOM a .*.• PREY * 8. YES• RELOAD TABLE S * RESIDENT * 0. FIXED AREA .0*.ASSIGNED .4* * * 0. .******************* NOxF4.*'*..*LAST .. *. NO*.•ENTRY 1 .0 X8.DUNN . .****IES• M NO•05'5.0.D4 ' 0 .. .. C N 1 .*. NO .. ix e t *.*.DUMY A ABSORB .. X.. DUMY ; SOLE .0*. IT .* *. ENTRT .**. .0 .. .**.*.YES••YES*****Ht**** ******* * *• SHIFT UA TO * BUILD SECTOR • EXPAND FOR* CLOSE GAP IN 0 HEADER & RUMP * * FIXED AREA*SYST PROS AREA * SENTRY FOR FLET i * • *I.** ***** **Mt*** ****************** *****..0• G2 • **•*** UPDATE * *REPOSITIONED * UPDATE LET •* r . * * ********* ********I****•H4 *********** * 0* MODIFY FIXED • :DEC TES AREA* AREA* * ** * • 0*•a•. *..0* G2 *Om**8.40..X* G2 *• *•***:R • VPSDO,D6CriL *AD DR I DISKI =* .**"114= * 'T"; *** *x* • REST • IN OUPC0*Flowchart DUP11. Disk Utility Program, DEFINEFlowcharts 217

• • ENTER FROM •LEAVE IN DUPCO •EX020.•B5ENTRY o. YES.EX/80 013H4CODE EQUALS• •X..•WRITE OCOM ••• NO•Cl ..101301. .. C4 5ENTRY .. YES:EX180 013H4. PLACE Cli. RECCOOLTRAPPED INX. •.POSITIVE ....SUPERVISOR •.. ..••••• WRITE DOOM • BUFFER• NO••••xiDI.....EX100D3 .. xD4•• 0..10180 013H4•05.. ENTRY .. YES .....PRINT ERROR .. OUP... CODE EQUALS .. • MESSAGE WITH • .• ENTERED . X. •... YES— 4 ..NUMBER OF ENTRY WRITE MOM.. FROM••.. ..•• CODE ••Ca MODIF .... ..• NOI.. ..• NOREXOTOEl ... E2x•• o. •80180 0I3H4•....E3.. ENTRY••••E4 ....E4C. YES .---------------. CODE E EXIT TO ADRWS ALS ........X.*EXIT TO REST IN.VIA LINK IN ..DUPCO — 3 .. .•WRITE DCOM: EINTSULtfONT• • QUDUPCO • • •.. ..• SUPERVISOR ••.A0•EX050FF2• 80180 1013H4 ••WRITE UPCOR TO •DuP PHASE 13• WRITE DOOM • • •F5• FETCH MODIF •EXIT PHASE (12)• GI :.X:EX06; ••• %GISET UP DUMP •FETCH PHASES 0 •FORMAT CODE OF AND 1 OF CORE— 1 • CLUBS BUILDER •...••G5• EXIT TO MODIF• EXIT TO STROP •• IN SKELETON •• SUPERVISOR •EX180....HH4EXIT TO CORE • LOAD2 BUILDER• WRITE DCOM TO •MASTER• • • CARTRIDGE •J4INTERRUPT YESNO• •GI••••....K4• RETU RN TO ••CAL LING ROUTINE••Flowchart DUP12. Disk Utility Program, DEXIT218

•014.• Al.• •PRECI*rnA•ENTER l FROM CORE.• LOAD BUILDER •.. .et . 82.•FXA OR *. UA HOLE .1. NO • SET ERROR LARGE .. X•INDICATORS FOR •0. ENOUGH 01 STOREo. ... • .• YES••••12 •.X• •01.04.C/ C2MOVE SOCALS AND • • LOCALS TO • •CLEAR $NDUP TO ALLOW FURTHER • LORAN •• OUP FUNCTIONS •01MOVE PRIG. IN• CI8 TO PROPER •LOCATION IN FDA• OR VA •••02•EXIT TO REST ••El• MOVE PRIG. •ABOVE 4/( TO FAA• OR UA •Fl •1;411E4N)ufi2V• INTO CORE •..X• 12 •Flowchart DUP13. Disk Utility Program, PRECIFlowcharts 219

...I•A1•••.. .••••..o.*•001. *001.• A2. • A3•••••••. .B8 I 7(882 i.1m...42+PHASES • .PHASA3 E6 •.........•.....--*--.:ENTER FROM MCRA: • HEADNG. ORG. : • IMPERATIVE:ETChaltaaNT .......... wow...• piockis& ..01.• 0 A4•• •BB3A .•PHASE7 •• "ADEFaa"• •A5•PHASE7A••X : CONVERTER•PHASE°• ASSEMBLER• LOADERCI •.X• •ma,•..•.•..•PHASEI......'CONTROL RECORD• PROCESSOR• ...X• Fl ..X• FlFl.001•• C5.• ••001.• C3•• ••••BRABE14C3 %CS• PHASE12 • •PHASE8• •END STATEMENT LINKAGE • PROCESSOR • « • META •Fl •03 • o. D4DI•PHASE1A .• ..• ..... M ... - .—.. •.. I• •* ASS E BLER ... . PASS .«.......0.FETCH PHASE 10. INITIALIZER .. •o. .*Eloom .....•PHASE2•• HEADER• STATEMENT •• PROCESSOR ••• Fl*ma.•••••PHASE9•• OP CODEtlPROCESSOR•▪REQUIRED YESPHASE INCORENOE2•PHASE2A •• ••STATEMENT•X:FIL$ RMTE3 E4 .... .• f .. ONE NOFETCH PHASE 3 *. PASS MODE ••• • .. .....00. 1• YES 4..... • F5.• • • •CI •• • •F3 I F4•PHASE3• fl• FETCH PHASE 4•885 iF5•PHASEBA •.- -0 • • •• SYMBOL TABLE • FETCH PHASE 11 • *ORES STATEMENT :• PROCESSOR • PRBIEVIOR •• •. .G3..0* CI • ..X. F/ •...ow...•.••• ETCH REQUIRED •PHASE• •H3•PHASE4TERMINATOR •JI• PHASE Co . REQUIRED001 A2• EXIT TO sexIT •: SUPERVISOR"....6 001 A3:...7 001 A4..8 001 C5..BA• 001 F5..••12• 001 C3Flowchart ASM01. Assembler Program, General Flow220

A l•ENTER FROM MCRA•B145TAIVralsCuNVERS1uN• SUBROUTINES •C/%FETCH PHASE 9DI• INITIALIZE KEY• PARAMETERS,• BUFFERS•COMMUNICATIONS• AREASElINITIALIZESYMBOL TABLEBOUNDARIESFlRP000• -•• READ A CARD •x61• •FETCH PHASE 1• •••HI.• ••EXIT TO PHASE 1•• •Flowchart ASMO2. Assembler Program, Phase 0Flowcharts 221

•• ENTER FROM ••pHASE 0•. PASS 10•PHASE 12—PASS 2.XBI .. 82.....• .• •. PASS..10. 0. NO .• 0 TWO..•. NO.. .•........X•. .. PASS MODE .. .•....• CI•• ....X.• .Xo YES • YES 000.0•• Fl •• •iiCI• RDCRD 015E3 •FETCH NEXT• RECORD •RP000X• READ A CARD •CVADRDI• CONVERT THERECORD• iEl.. E2 ...* ...0 CONTROL .. YES .. .k. YES•. RECORD .•........X.. PASS 2 .•....0 . .. 0. .•.ENO•NO ••.•.0.4 .• FI •.X.•CI • •• • ••••0•04F1•0F2. .. F3.VAL/0 •.. NO • CHANGE • IN• FETCH PHASE IA • 0. CONTROL .. X. COLUMN 1 TO A• • .. RECORD .. MINUS*. .0 •• YES4.4.f.G••• ......• EXIT TO PHASE •IA •• •G2: IMAa• SPECIFIEDD I•H2P9MVE 017AI•PRINT CONTROL• RECORD •..0• CI •.00.0.Flowchart ASM03. Assembler Program, Phase 1222

• ENTER FROM •• PHASE 1 ••81.. B2s .••• .. YES • INDICATE evioo •• PASS MODE .. I. AS DSF BUFFER.. *0.* 0.••140CI .o C2•YES •INDICATE /IMF0. • PASS 1 S. AS DSF BUFFER•*ow.• •• 01 •.%. •• NOD/ 02• INDICATE DSF •R FETCH HASE 2 • ADDRESSES IN •• P•• ASCOM •• •X•▪ EXIT TO PHASE 2:E2 . .. E3o. YI/0o* OB/CB *. YES : 1:PITTPA T Tr•.PAPER TAPE OR.. X. R GHT IN BOTH ••.KEYBOARD • BU FFERS •0... .• F2 •.X.F2 .. o. F3.0 0. •MODIFY I/O RTN •• NO • TO FORCE •PASS 1••RECORDS TO COME..0 • IN AT COL 21 •• •• YES..X. F2 •G2.....• INITIALIZE.0 ENOUGH 0. YES• . WORKINGX: WanoVih8STORAGE • PRINT BUFFER•10HZXGETER 015A3PRINT ERROR• MESSAGE •D1 •is000X••••j2: SUMILISR• •Flowchart ASM04. Assembler Program, Phase 1AFlowcharts 223

.005 •.005• .005• •005•. A20 • A3*• 64.• 45.• •• •••• • •. . . .YYI i YY2 X YY5 X YY6 iA2 A3A4••••Al• •• DETERMINE THAT • ENTER FROM 0 A5•4• PERFORM ENT .PERFORM ISS/ILS ONLY ONE •PHASE IA • •ERROR CHECKING • •ERROR CHECKING •MUIR•• • •• FETCH PHASE 2A•X0***4131 ******.SET UP ADDRESS• FOR PHASE 9.RETURN TO PHASE2B2 B3*SCAN 015A5INITIALIZEPROGRAM L TYPEEVALUATEAND ENT COUNT*ISS/ILS NUMBER•.I C2 •• *.C3 X••••cl ****** .••YES . 0+SET UP PROGRAM•EXIT TO PHASE 9• ..... PASS 1 .•X • HEADERINFORMATION•X•••• • NO• F4134INDICATE EXIT TO PHASE •PRECISION 24SPECIFIED • • •.000• •..X• F4 ••005.• 04•• •02.....13/ •SCAN 015A5•• ENTER FROM • • -- •PHASE 9: •COLLECT PROGRAM•NAME•••005.• E3•• •YY304XErArtrEalG• ENTER FROM •PHASE 2A •••••XEl .. E2.. . . •B4NEX 01601DETERMINE .•OP CODE .. •: RWAVNI.. 0 ADDRESS uF ENTRY POINT.•. .--------0YY4ERRORE3E4SET UP PROGRAMHEINFORMA ADERTIONE5*FETCH OVERLAYED•PART OF PHASE 2:...ENT...005 A2:...ISS...005 A3 OFOUTXFZXF3.....LIBR..005 D4SAVE OBJECT •SET 4AglaGRAME3 • OUTPUT IN DSF •BUFFER • INFORMATION:...EPR...005 A4..SPR...005 A4 •....ILS...005 A3:...F/LE..005 A5.;(.0X•••••••• F4 •.X•••. x•PALB F L 4 01601......... •• IGNORE LABEL,*GET NEXT RECORD* •G3 0INITIALIZE • ••••G4RELOCATION MODE•AND ADDRESS 0.... •EXIT TO PHASE 9•COUNTER .••• F4 •• .EXIT TO PHASE 9*•Flowchart A.SM05. Assembler Program, Phase 2224

•RHAN4 ;FLIPPER•• •x81•• PERFORM FILES ••STATEMENT ERROR.CHECKING • •CIo. . C2. •.• •NO xi BUlgarILES •• PASS 1•. .•..YESDFOUT0 102• •ALLOCATE ROOM • SAVE OBJECT • FOR FILES • OUTPUT IN DSF •TABLE. 7 WORDS:BUFFER•••XEl•10181 016A/•••SCAN LABEL GET.• NEXT RECORD • ••••l*EXIT F TO PHASE 2•• FLIPPER • Flowchart ASM06. Assembler Program, Phase 2AFlowcharts 225

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.-706 FROM •• PHASE 3 •• •81DVERFLOW NO*.AMIPAg• YESCIOVERFLOW ND..-*.--• YESDI• MOVE OBJECT •• PROGRAM TO •• PERMANENT WS ••SECTOR BOUNDARY.• •El•PRINT ASSEMBLEREND MESSAGES• •Fl• •UPDATE COMMA • •GI• •FETCH MOH• •HIUPDATE DCOMJI ••WRITE DCoM•••KI• CONVERT LAST • .•..K2• RECORD READ, •• MOVE TO • X. SUPERVISOR• SUPERVISOR CR • • •• BUFFERFlowchart ASM08. Assembler Program, Phase 4Flowcharts 227

• • ENTER FROM •• PHASE 9 •• ••009•• A3••XA8A3A3 ..... too.•SCAN 015A5• EVALUATE TIT• OPERAND•.009. •009•.A:..A2.• •XA8A4 % XABA5 XA4A5• SCAN 015A5• .SCAN 015A5• •• EVALUATE THE • • EVALUATE DUMP• OPERAND • .1-MTS. FORMAT• • CODE. .X X81 .. 82 ..83.. .. .... OP CODE •... YES.. .. YESNO.. HONG .... X•. PASS I .....PASS 1.. .. .. ..0. .0 *. ..NO• NO•Cl C2 .... .• PREVENT FURTHER: .. LISTING . .. NOPHASE 2 • .. • SPECIFIED .....• MNEMONICSit. ....• YES• ••XDI• MOD2D2GTHDG 015A4PRINT THE• HEADING •• YES• •C3• CHECK FOR•OPERAND SYMBOL• PREVIOUSLY• DEFINED03.X:0 .......CHECK THE •84 85• • • GENERATE AND•PERFORM BES/8SS• • OUTPUT CALL..ERROR CHECKING • • DUMP FOLLOWED• • BY PARAMETERS• • •C5.....DUMP OR POMPPOMPX5• •F3.• •• DUMP 0...•GENERATE AND •OUTPUT CALL EXIT•E 2 . . X:...ORG...009 A3 • •....OSS...009 A4E2...BES...009 A4 •PALBL 01601•....EQU...009 H4 • IGNORE LABEL, •*GET NEXT RECORD.....LIST..009 • •....EJCT..009 H2:...SPAC..009 F5E3•• 0606TINEgIT• I/O BUFFER•• •• F3 •.X• • • •" X* F3 •....DUMP..009 AS••••....POMP..009 A5XABF5 XF3F5• ••E2 •CUBE 016A1• •SCAN 015A5••009.• F5••••• • —• • ••EXIT TO PHASE 9• •iCAN LABEL GET.EVALUATE THE • • • NEXT RECORD OPERAND • • ••EXIT TO PHASE 9•.....•009• •009• •009*• H1•• H4.• • %Hi*•• • . • ..... . ..X.•F3 . . • • •XA8G1 X 0A8G2 X XABH4 X •••.H/ H2 H4•SCAN 015A5•....G3• EVALUATE THE • RESTORE THE • • •OPERANDPAGE: EVALUATE THE• •G5SPACE THE• • •• 46AWIP • LINES •...*..X• E2•J/ J4INDICATE THESPECIFIED LISTCONDITION• •• CHECK FOR •UNDEFINED •• SYMBOLS ..X. F3 • ..X. F3 •Flowchart ASM09. Assembler Program, Phase 5228

• ENTER FROM •• PHASE 9 ••01• ••PREVENT FURTHER•PHASE 2 MNEMONICS ••C1*.'... C2'... C3. *. .. .. *SCAN 015A5•.4. OP CODE .. YES .0 *. NO .--IS DC .. X.. PASS 1 .. X. EVALUATE .. *. ... • OPERAND •*. .. .. ..•.AO• YES•• • •..X. G1 •..X. F2 •D1 02•.. OP CODE *. YES .CHANGE OP CODEI.. IS BRANCHX* TO /7000 OR/4C00*. •..• NOx ....X▪El .. •••••E2 E3 ...OPERAND • ... YES • EVALUATE TAG .. .. YES•. • REQUIRED .• X• ••AND FORMAT X•. PASS 1 .•....•. FIELDS •. .. • •. .• .• NO• NO ••!•••....• • G1 •. • F2 .... .....% .... .71X...FT .• .. F2 F3 4.. F4,.. .. .. .. *SCAN 01545•NO •10g6/g; 1 SHORT .. YES --.. PASS 1 RUCTIONx:°'1301UPIRTs°•..• INSTX. EVALUATE... ..OPERAND. .. .. •.. .. .. ..• YES• NO...it• • .•GI *.5.•..itX ... xGI G2G4.LOLBL 01641• • OUTPUT BINARY • ..8i RODE*. COMPUT-------- -------. *INSTRUCT IN. 1 • ..*. NO • DighAiEMINT.*SCAN LABEL. GET* X •OR 2 WORD • TO . .. CONDITIONAL .. -----NEXT RECORD •OSF BU ER *. BRANCH ..INSTRUCT BN D ....• • • . . •.. .. 7(• YES•••••• F2•XH3...•HI• •••EXIT TO PHASE 9•: SPECIFIED• • • CONDITION •••4FORPlw110:66 OFINSTRUCTION • •J4 01545:SCAN:•ENEME ••..X. F2 •Flowchart ASM10. Assembler Program, Phase 6Flowcharts 229

..o..X1.11., •..••A3ENTER FROM ENTER FROM • PHASE 9 • PHASE 7A • •RI.... .....B3 1•.•PREVENT FURTHER*FETCH OVERLAYED.PHASE 2 PORTION OF• MNEMONICS • PHASE 7••••• C2 •• •0.0•4• xCI C22 C3.... C5•LOLBL 016A1•.. .. CONVERT •.. YES • MAGUAJDV OAND •X:CHARVIENISTIC• NEXT RECORD . .. .. • COMPLIMENTARY IN HEX• •.. ..• FORM • •MO• NO... PASS I .• X•SCAN LABEL, GET. ...* H ME ...YES X.FLIP1 01.1..4 ....... lc D3 .. D4 D5••••02 .. .. CONVERT •• • .. FlIAT4G ...YES • MAGNITUDE AND ••FETCH PHASE 7A.* •EXIT TO PHASE 9•:CHARMEUSTIC• • • ...SPECOTED.." X: COMPLIMENTARY IN BINARY•. .• • FORM • •• NO• .- • • :XX Xi E3EA••••E/•••• ....•• EXIT TO PHASE • •DE2Varitii TO: • OUTPUT TWOTA FIXED POINT • X• WORDS OF• • FORM * •CONSTANT IN HEX• •DFOUTF4OUTPUT TWOWORDS OFCONSTANT INBINARY• •• C2 •Flowchart ASM11. Assembler Program, Phase 7230

.1/1E11/2 *PHA S 7 FLIPPER:BI•RESET SWITCHES•AND BUFFERS TOZERO•CIANALYZE THESIGN•DI• COMPUTE THE ••BINARY MANTISSA.El•••ANALYZE SPECIAL.CHARACTERS •••XFl .• .. F2.61 61. •E/B .. YES • ANALYZE E/BH. SPECIFICATION.• . sailtAs ..16. .16•• NOGI• •COMPUTE POWERS •OF 10 MODIFIER ••xHI .6. H2 3.. 61. UPDATE BINARY • •.46 . NO • EXPONENT AND +ADJUST MANTISSA.MANTISSA .. X• NORMALIZE X•AND EXPONENT BY... ZERO .. MANTISSA POWERS OF 0 •• • •... ...•.YESJ/ J3• *TRANSFER SIGN •ZER9 IFFIAISE L•MANTISSA, AND •BUFFERS8 NARYCHAR CTER TO • • • PHASE 7 BFR ••EXIT TO PHASE 7•• FLIPPER •• •Flowchart ASM12. Assembler Program, Phase 7AFlowcharts 231

.13.00A3m•• •ENTER FROM ••PHASE 9 •002A3••SCAN DELIMITERS•4412ciE4 gUNT:BI• •+PREVENT FURTHER.• PHASE 2 •• MNEMONICS_ •83TTCHARACTER COUNTTO I/O BUFFER▪CSP'PHASE 8•.OP CODE•C3CHARACTERS....LIDF..013 Fl....CALL..013 Fl..OSA...013 Fl....LINK..013 Fl....EXIT..013 Fl...EBC...013 A3Fl•ADJUO2 ST LAC SET• UP RELOCATION..X. BITS ASAPPROPRIATE•EX•SCAN 015A5▪ SUBROUTINENAME•03 '•041.. • PASS I .141? ...... x:OWNIFER8FPNA:•• YES••••••▪ • ••..X• GI • ..X• GI• •16001* .460.00130• FR •..•XXI I... XFl 0.PASS t• YES••••• •GI •.X• •IP. NOGI• .0LBL 016A1••SCAN LABEL, GET•X..• NEXT RECORD •• ••F2•OUTFUT WORD IN• HEX TO I/O•BUFFERXG2• OUTPUT WORD 1• IN BINARY TO• D$F BUFFER• ••EXIT TO PHASE 9.• •H2'....YES .•PROCESSING •.• •.STPIMENT.• *• NOxJ2•OUTPUT WORD 2 •IN HEX TO I/O •BUFFER • K2•OUTPUT WORD 2 IN BINARY TO •DSF BUFFER:.0 • GI •.000Flowchart ASM13. Assembler Program, Phase 8232

•• ENTER FROM •• PHASE 9 •• •BI• ••RESET SWITCH •AND FLAGS. GET • A CHARACTER •• •....IF.*too• •CI +.5 C2 ....• • • • .•.•• 5.......DM503 • XOMSI5CI •.•.C2 C3**... C4......C5.. ... CHARACTER .+. YES CHECK ..•:••YES...IS APOSTROPHE X: • X.:ISZIAilliai.4:+413 X.:* D1817 .. X: MULTIPLIER.. ...... .. .........•140••..• YES • NOO * .. ...so• • .XDI ...X.:... C2 •• • X..I. . X X %......*DMS10DMSI7DI .. D4 ... OS .....DEVICE .. .. •.01 ...... INDICATOR •. NO .... VI,AR L •. . YES .. VALID .. YES.... X....FOR DEVICE.......:...I5 StAAA CT...".***.CMIACfER..e.o. .. ... oh. ..•• YESo NO •NO .......• • •CONABElCONVERT• CHARACTER TL• DEVICE CODE. •.XOMS22E4 .. ESINDI C AT EA.• it.... .•NO • INDIFRTHE'iTAINNIR!.4. • YES• 01•FlTWo. CHARACOTERS NOPACKED• YESDMS20F4• OUTPUT •DMS24F5•:EiHEJ TAL:CMt5IIEBUFFVUT: CM T• ••BLANKGINO• PASS 2 06•.:ES•OMIT•:4115y1PDIV :• BUFFER •G2• NEXT.YESCHARACTER•..IS REPEAT.. •• NO1.12• •ffiTARAVIR:• Dl •G4• 4•LOIJIL OSA..• •:SCAMARNR8ET:••*EXIT TO PHASE•• •..x. CI • • • • •Flowchart ASM14. Assembler Program, Phase 8AFlowcharts 233

Al•GEYER GTHOG SCANA3 A4 AS.SKnaitTFIETO.ENTER PHASE 9'ERAEICVMAIEW• •WALTVUEsXSTRT9B1 4. 82.0 .. •LOLBL 016AI. •YES• -11. ASTERISK IN .. .. X.SCAN LABEL. GET....•.COLUMN 21.. •• NEXT RECORD it. .. • •• NOX83 04 BSEM000 022A1.• • • • e SCAN OPERANDPRINT ERROR PRINT HONG FOR SPECIAL •• MESSAGE • • • CHARACTERS • CIS*04 ******PACKNUR' :C4CS•• RETURN TO • • • EVALUATE EACH •• CALLER • • SPACE A LINE ELEMENT :• ••PERFORM TABLELOOK UP OF OPCODE• •••WURN TO • DETERMINE• CALLER EXPRESSION• VALUE05• FETCH• CORRESPONDING•INDICATOR MORDROCRDE3 ••• CLEAR NEXT•INPUT BUFFER TO• EBCDIC BLANKS•ES• ••NOVE EXPRESSION.+VALUE TO ASCUM •• •• •Fl• BRANCH VIA ••BRANCH TABLE TO.• EX/7 TO ••REOUIRED PHASE ••▪.xF3•ppEE I .. •:.!!!BUoY...FS• RETURN TO •• CALLER • ••G1.:* WRIT *:.!!!CORE• NOG3 . Ṗe. G4• LA CARDYES •INDICATOR X FEED A CARDON•* AO •••HI.... .......• FETCH PHASE•........ 4444*XXH3 .• '.. H4 *. 5... LAST ... .. .... CARD A •.. NO .. LAST .. NOMONITOR ,.. X.. CARD END .. X.READ A RECORD0. CONTROL .. .. STMT .... ..O. .4• YES • YES• •••J1:REQUIRED PH ASEJ3J5• ••EXCHANGE INPUT •• FETCH PHASE 3 • • BER ADDRESSES • • •....3 K ..KS• • ReTURN TO'EXIT TO PHASE 3. CALLER• • • •Flowchart ASM15. Assembler Program, Phase 9234

LDLBL Al• CONVERT LABEL •• TO 30 BITS ••RIGHT JUSTIFIED. •131 . ••. B2• • YES • •..•... PASS 1 .. x:,414R8L4RIEE:• •• .. .. • .• NOB4HEXCI• ••DETERMINE LABEL•VALUE. OUTPUT •• VALUE IN HEX •PALBL0/• •.12,94EMITNIIE:• IS AVAILABLE •.•.APB1El ..E4. ... E3 F / RST .. •.GTHDG 0 1 5A4• .. NO.. STATEMENT •. YES • •▪ PASS 1 .................. X*. OR CHANNEL X .RELTSI RME •• .1. *. 12 .... .. **Al. .. .. HEADING• • it. .0• YES • F2 • • NO• .. 0400ii.7(FI .. F2F3..... F4.. *. MICRO 015E3P9MVE OITA/. ONE *. NO • -• ...Ming... YES• •• PASS MODE X GET NEXT RECORD .. OR ANY ..X • LIST THE.. .. • • *. ERRORS ..*.. ... .. ...... .0• YES ••40iXX CVADR xGI G2 G3X .... .•INTI OITA2: . S • • .• .1. YE•SAVE STATEMENT •CONVERT RECORD • *. •• PASS 1 ..IN INT I/O •.. 0.• BUFFER • •.. :..x••10..H2• RETURN TO •• CALLER •X..•XH3... H4.***.0 . .0 *004.. TWO *. YES .. LIST .. NO • *.. PASS MOOE . X*. DECK ......X. F2 •.. .. .. .... .. .. .• ..........NO • YESXJ3•INT2 020A1•*GROVINT958":• BUFFER •J4•PUNCH A CARD•• •• F2 •Flowchart ASM16. Assembler Program, Phase 9Flowcharts 235

P9MVE INT1 .0.AlAZ 0. A3•SCAN BUFFER FOR•.. .. •.0 ••. NO 4SCnRgEKITFORCHVIMIthS A •. ASTERISK IN .•• REPLACE THEm •.COLUMN 21.•41. ... •X▪.0 • PRINT YESit. ROUTINEBUSY.•• NO62• YES•iLISTING •.*. YES0. • SPECIFIED*. .0.•• NO83 •B4•0. .• F BUFFER I/0 ULL •. YES •. X • WRITE BFR TO CURRENT DISK••• NOCI x•C3• 0• ••02 PACK AND MOVE • RETURN TO • INPUT 8FR TO • * CALLER • SU VVETIVW• PRINT BFR 8FR•••••Dl• • PACK AND SAVEPRINT A LINERECORD IN INT• • • I/O OFR•D3***E1.0• RETURN TO • •• E 3• CALLER • : 'PAM"• •Flowchart ASM17. Assembler Program, Phase 9236

DTHORAlCOMPUTE OSFBLOCK MORDCOUNT%IWO ...A2 .. 43 *.0, DSF • ....• OUTPUT *. NO 0, • END *..NOBUFFER X•..pEllaillE9 IN. ..... FULL ...*. .. ..• YESX8 XSAVE WORD COUNTPloem p ImN0DATA HEADERB•DTHDR 2 018A1•• GENERATE DATA •• HEADER• •CI 62• WRITE CURRENTRESET DSF • • SEgn OF B F •BUFFER POINTERS• • FT S• DISK ••DI D2 *.• . ..INCREMENT • ... DID ... NOBUFFER OVERFLOW ... OVERFLOW .•...WORD COUNT • *. OCCUR 0.• *. .... 0.• YESE2"...El • MOVE WORDSRETURN TO • • WHICH• CALLER•:• 26FRE OBIEDIOK• START OF OFRX..F2• RETURN TO •• CALLER •• •Flowchart ASM18. Assembler Program, Phase 10Flowcharts 237

SEVOi asulTc1 6 1.11r1?oici a argtu ss v ' 6 T IAIS V 4.-Tv gam om•:381620 ,1 9M5 11193:4,9•••••• 394.1d 38TT 01939• •EM•11N1 3901038 X • I SSVd .0• • S3A 49f Er •ON •• •901335•141121Vd 3901538•▪ ....... 9HS3A801335 039143;• Ald1110N 11199•▪f90 . 4 031419W3S".39 .4ON •-• 01 SM01335,..3909.*.4.10•S3A •*. .471P7r...030361100ie:"EdON •*. .4• • 4. .4S539009 8115139.0 ONOOd ..• 183939381 • S3A 4 109915 ,..... .Ed .4 14•4901335 •1401A93ok0 H399350 •13• •90133S• MD1193h0 0939 •...... 410• ••433935 A0149330*• WOd 3111311181•• 13• •801335• 191190d 9 3395•19S3A •...o SSVdON

INT2AlFETCH DISKBUFFERADDRESSESBI•CLEAR BO WORD •INPUT BUFFER TO.EBCDIC BLANKS • xCI 0. C2.. . . NEXT. 0 INT. .. YES OR •,.. I/0 BUFFER .0 X INTERMEDIATEEMPTY ... •1/0 FROM DISK•.. ...NODI+UNPACK AND moyE• ONE STATEMENT •• TO STATEMENT •• INPUT BUFFER ••••••El• RETURN TO •• CALLER •• •Flowchart ASM20. Assembler Program, Phase 11Flowcharts 239

••••• •• A5• •OAP..•.••.• ENTER FROM •• PHASE 9 • •ASONE.NO▪ . PASS RODE• YES•• •• r4•81 .....•82 83 .. B4•0THOR 018Al•... .. P9MVE 01781.. NO • —•-- —. .. LISTING .. YES•▪ • PASS 1 .. ...X•WRITE LAST DATA. ..0.. SPECIFIED .. X•MOVE STATEMENT• HEADER. EOP • .. .. •TO PRINT BFR •• DATA HEADER • .. .. AND PRINT IT• YES • NC85•1871 017A2•• SAVE END •• STATEMENT:X ▪XC1RESET ERCAT,ADCOM. OPCNT.AND INTSN 1)ZERO. • HAVE PROGRAM ENTRY ':•I!!.xPOINT• NOC3 **. .. Ch•▪ ••bin ':•"' x: CFRE OLNURP ••.SPECIFIED.•0. .4NOCS• WRITE INT I/0 •BFR TO DISK••016.4. *****ALLOW FURTHERPHASE 2MNEMONICS02SCAN 01565FETCH HOADDRESSxF0 03 04 OSWRO0 1 0 .42.• ••WRITE LAST X PUNCH RECORD • FETCH PHASE 11• SECTOR TO .. • • • •DISKElE2• T•CLEAR FIRST 51 • EXECUTION•WORDS OF HEADER ADDRESS IN HEX• TO ZERO IN I/O BUFFER••••••E4 ....•••• %X%E3 Eh • ... 85• COMPUTE DBo.COUNT OF • LIST ... NO• PROGRAM. SAVE • .. DECK E .. .....IN ASCOM .. ..• o. 00YES• FETCH FIRST •SECTOR OF INTERI/0 •Fl F3 F4 F5• • MODIFY RDCRD ••• • •RTN TO PREVENT •P41/56 1PROGRAM • INT2 020A1•FETCH PHASE 3 •• DBL BUFFERING •MOVE FIRST • a • IN PASS 2 • • STATEMENT TO •• INPUT BUFFER ••.• •• X G5• ...•D3+INITIALIZE DSF• ••BUFFER POINTERS •EXIT TO PHASE 3. X • FETCH PHASE 1*•• •H1.4•41 .•••.•••• FETCH PHASE 10 •EXIT TO PHASE I•....... 4..000J1• 464 .....• • RESTORE• ORIGINAL LIST• CONDITIONFlowchart ASM21. Assembler Program, Phase 12240

EM0001•FETCH •APPROPRIATE •ERROR MESSAGE •x X0..81 41. ...... •• PRINT .. YES..... ROUTINE•.NOCIX• "42/ACFR...••01••RETURN TO GEIER• •Flowchart ASM22 . Assembler Program, Error Message PhaseFlowcharts 241

Al• •:HOttERIU- 2/ZE TO B BITS • ••81....* 0000• TABLE DISPL••C14.4. 0000FETCH TABLEENTRYX.. .DI ..• D2••. •NO9 PUNCH••X. LE HON;... .• • ENTRY ... • •A. .4 ẎES•**•• • OUTPUT RIGHT• HALF OF TABLEENTRYK.•CALL NG ROUTINE.▪ *********Flowchart ASM23, Assembler Program, Read Conversion Phase242

AlSAV5014yEAREAX81 82•"• INITIALIZE AU. WORD COUNT OFHE; "..0 .. • 39.. .. ••.;ESI...C/ . 0 . • 4.00C2.• a. •.. LIST .. NO x:SCANFMNITHT• DECK E... .. X .. .. •...• YESXDIX•CLEAR FIRST 17 •• COLUMNS •D2xCONVERT 1 :COLUMN•E2•INCREMENT I/OAREA POINTER •••DECREaN WORDCOUNT• •.G2▪ 0 • LAST NO▪ CHARACTER.YESH2• OR LAST •+CHARACTER WITH •• PUNCH STOP •• CHARACTER • •J2RP000•• PUNCH DATA •....K2• RETURN TO •.CALLING ROUTINE.Flowchart ASM24. Assembler Program, Punch Conversion PhaseFlowcharts 243

.....• •:ENTER FROM•A2A3.PHASES • •PHASE17. ........ -------19•KRA. • •:WIRFOUT T :• • CHARTA4•PHASE25.....•*OUTPUT I CHART ••FOR 27 ••81 .....B2 84•PHASE' •PHASE10 • •PHAS218 •PHASE26 •• •••INPUT CHART FOR.• FORMAT'OUTPUT II CHART.01 •STATEMENT CHART•• alPIR IIFOR 28 • • • FOR 12 • •.PHASE CI 2 • •PHASEC/1 •PHAS C C4E19 .PHASE27.---------------.•-- •• CLASSIFIER +DATA ALLOCATION.•RECOVERY CHART CHART FOR 02 • DECOMPOSITIONCHART FOR 21 • FOR 29 ••• CHART FOR 13••DI 02 03•PHASE3 • •PHASE/2 .PHASE20 •.1:1Y 4 TO $1017 •• CHECK ORDER, •• ASCAN I CHARTCOMPILATION •STMT. NO. CHART .• FOR 14ERRORS CHART • • rbitM8R" :• FOR 03 •• FOR 22 •El E2 E3•PHASE4 ••PHASE13•PHASE21 •••COMMON SUER. OR. ASCAN II CHART STATEMENT ••FONG. CHART FOR.• FOR 15 ALLOCATION •• 04, 05 •• CHART FOR 23FL.... ......•PHASE5 •• DIMEN./REAL. ••INTGR., ETNL.•CHART FO R X 06,07.se••F2PHASE 14DO. CONTINUE.STOP, ETC.CHART FOR 16F3•PHASE22••LIKLUAIII8hr• CHART FO 24 •.••••PHASE6REAL CONSTANTCHART FOR OB•....PHASE1C2 5SUBSCRIPTOPTIMIZE CHARTFOR 17G3•PHASE23•■■■■ ....... .■■■•• LIST SYMBOLIC▪ CHART FOR 25•• •••••.PHASE7• DEFINE FILE ••CALL LINK, EXIT.• CHART FOR 09 •X•▪ PHASE16 ••SCAN CHART FOR *18 • •H3•PHASE24CONSTANTS:LaIRVVNS•.....•PHASEB• VARIABLE AND ••STMT. FUNCTIONS.• CHART FOR 10 •Flowchart FOR01. FORTRAN Compiler, General Flow244

• •• A4 •• •XF0000 F1500 F1005A l A2 *. A4.•...LOAD SYSTEM .. .... .4. ..• INPUT. PRINT • .•SSUBRS, .:•SWITEVIDSET •:. Y.!!.X: F4 : ... SWIPMEI NT .....Y!.INITIALIZE : .. .. • • .. 01• IL504 TABLE • .. .. •••• Or.▪ • NO •.NO ••••• • CI • •MOXF0 050 F1501 F1006F1016B1 02.X.... . 83 B4 .. 05 ..GET MACHINE .• • • •• .• TOO •.SIZE AND .. E ND .. YES.. .. YES ... MANY .. YESINITIALIZE .. STANT READ •• X:SET END SWITCH • ...CONTINUATION .. X...CONTINUATION .....• PHASE •... ... ... ST MT .. .. STMTS .... ..•• .. .. ...• • •Cl• •*F1000 ok* 0• • NOF/510 xC2• READ INPUT •F1500 002A2READ INPUT •RECORD• RECORD • • •'7,10F/009•C4•STATEMENTNUMBER••e AD••••• •: DI •.XFI001▪ ••• K FI512 F1017 x F1054D1 x04 D5F/500 002A2 ..••I:72 • * ••PACK STATEMENT . REPLACEREAD INPUT • RETURN • AND PLACE ON •STATEMENT WITH• RECORD • • • •STRING ERROR• • •ElCONVERT STANTTO EBCDIC CODE•••X••••: .4..0.• F4 •• •01 •• •***le..X. DI. •xROL XEl .•. .. F2F4... .. • ... CONTROL .. YES • ANALYZE AND •SET UP TO LOAD ... RECORD X• STORE CONTROL NEXT PHASE ... ... •RECORD DATA .. .. • • • •F1004 GI • G4• rS11 141MiErg •• REQUIRED •• GET PHASE ID •FROM BIT• SWITCHES1 xHI ...H4... H5*. ... .. DUMP STRING CONTROL *. YES.. EQUAL ... YES • AREA, SYMBOL •.. RECORD •.•.... .. TO ID THIS .. X•TABLE AREA, AND.PHASE.. .. • FCOM•i ... .....• . NO fe4,0• NO. • . .CIA • •4.410 .04.0• A4 •RL010 XJ4•LOAD NEXT PHASE• •• •....K4• EXIT TO NEXT •PHASE •• •Flowchart FOR02. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 1Flowcharts 245

STARTAlINITIALIZE •• PHASE. MOVE•STRING NEXT TO• SYMBOL TABLECOCT BI• SET UP•INITIALIZATION•CALLS 70 SEW•SOF10, AND UFIOern•CI *Of• •ivs. xZAIB sMOVE NOVELCI .i. C2 C30 . flo • • 00.4.. FORMAT •.. YESOR ERROR .. X:M°10SWOLINT x:421NMEMEO :....X: CI :•.STATEMENT.. • STRING • •.w o. • • • .000• NO▪DI'ARITHMETIC...STATEMENT..• NOYESZA6D2•S. STUNGIENINY•ZA5El.:ST17141tAlf$PE• SUBROUTINEMAKE E2COMPRESS REST• OF STATEMENT.•MOVE TO OUTPUTSTRING•.046..• F3 •• •6.0.GETIOFlSEARCH• FOR •TYPE• •GI. END NOSTATEMENT •YES•1DSV2 ..F2• POUMP 41• CALL• YESG2• •PUT POUMP CALL ON STRING ••NOCALLC F3• ••REINITIALIZE TO.SCAN STRING AGAIN • ••• •••• G3 •.X.0.0..ENDO GR... WAIT...•GA• ENO YES R:EXITR ZSRBIE•STROUTINE• ATEMENTNOZAIAIDAHO .•. ZZYZHO HI. .. H4 .. H5.0 4.. 0. NAME .. • 0. YES ..1OgYITUNENTCH-R . ..YES •• CONVERT TO 5 •.... STMENT.. .•X•CHARACTER NAME.•"..?ViP476 ...•CLOSE UP STRING... .. .. .. • •... o••10 • NO04.0• P3 •MOVIEJ3x7Y:fEMPNIE14INPUT STRING •• ••••.▪ • •..X• G3 •xFlowchart FOR03. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 2246

STARTST1CKRLAl•"INITIALIZE PASSONE• • ....• NO•El 0..0 REAL,▪ INTEOER ,.YES..EXTERNAL OR• NOTAG3Fl...COMMON *.OR • YE SEQUIVALENC .....*.STATEMENTẸ0JACKXE2.....STATEMENT NO"... UDE;4. .0• YES?. REPLX ACE•STATEMENT WITH+ERROR. CLOSE UP• STRING•• YES• .00.•• C4 •LOOKCLUEE4ES.. .. .... STATEMENT •. YES • PUT ERROR ON.0. NUMBER IN .. X. STUNGSYMBOL .....TABLE.. •PUTIN• •• 94 ..... . a... . •• • ....• B1 i.X. • 83 .......... % ..a.. %.•. INIT R81...0.SET82 B3 I..... . . SORE • .0 .•B4• •..SUBROUTINE ... YES • POSITIVE FOR • ... .. YES •INITIlle PASS.. OR FUNCTION .. X. FUNCTION, .. STATEMENT ....... • ••.STATEMENT.• •• NEGATIVE FOR • .. NUMBER .. 0. .0 • SUBROUTINE •.. .. • •.. .• . 110• NO OM •• • . .... .• G2 • • • .. • • • C4 0.X..... • * .%TENT. . RMOV1 % ENDSr" .:.Cl ... .. C2 0. C3 C4 ... .. .. .... • REMOVE ••.. ....CS.. DEFINE .. YES .. • .. NO 'STATEMENT FROM • .. END .... YES "EXIT TO THE ROL.FILE .. X.. • STATEMENT ..... .STRING. MOVE TO. .. STATEMENT .. X. ROUTINE •...STATEMENT.. x 0. NUMBER ... .NEXT STATEMENT • .. ..• •.. ... ..•.0 .. .0• NO .YES• • • •..X• Bl • • 05 ....•• •%.... Z.. ..0.MOVS.. xD 1 .. 02....414. 05.•04..•0. •• STATEMENṪ STATEMENT .......X STATEMENT : ... STATEMENT ..........X• STATEMENT.. .41 NUMBER.. NUMBER ..:. YES REMOVE .0. .. NO • MOVE TO NEXT.. .0 ... .0 •• NOmi. .• • .X• G2 •.X.TAGS ...GI .. •• G2.■ YES• •..MTIOFAT..."...:MOILIFMMTi• NONOF4 ......• •• PUT NUMBER IN •• SYMBOL TABLE •• •• •G4 ..m.•• PUT SYMBOL •: TAshe smass •.. • .%• NO 0... •• • . ..... . ....• • B3 •• • • ..X• B1 • ..X• D5 •OM% %w.f. ......EFFMOVESHI .. HZ*.▪ .. YES MOVE TOTRANSFERx▪IF.......0• NO•.STATEMENT.••iXJl.....••••ENO.YES •STATEMENT .0....X• 84 •••• NO 00.0• • •81 •• •..X• 05 •• •Flowchart FOR04. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 3Flowcharts 247

PHAIINITIALIZE PHASE • ••.0•0%.• B1 •.X:RI.**0.0 END 0. YES. STATEMENT .41. •.006.• NO • Al.FIXICI u 20••COMMON .. YES • INITIALIZE TO▪ • STATEMENT .. X. SCAN COMMON.. STATEMENT.. •• NO....•• DI •.X. D2 ..X• •••••„11..• XMV x PTB • .0. 002DI.DT 03 ... D4• THIS ... .. 0.••...WORD STMT •. NO .0 • LEGAL .. NO x: PUT ERRORONMILIVIZI T :O. TERMINATOR .0 X0. •NAME0. ... 0. 0. • 0. .0 • •I,. ..• YES • YES...X. B/ • • ..X. 01 •.0..... iRMOVE X ZORROE2 E3 0.• ..• REMOVE .0 NAME IN •0. YES•STATEMENT FROM • 0. SYMBOL .0• STRING 0. TABLE ..• ..1 4.a....PIO. • • •005• ...X. 01 • • F3 •.X...la'6, 0•40 iPLACEF3 000000 1.4PUT NAME IN• SYMBOL TABLEG3......0 • NAME 0. NOO. DIMENSIONED .0...0 . .6• YESPRTECONVERTCONSTANTS TOBINARYNEXJ3 •• ••PLACE CONSTANTS••IN SYMBOL TABLE.• •003K3• ••GO TO NEXT ITEM•IN STATEMENT• ••..X. 02 •Flowchart FOR05. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 4248

•OOP•%AI*•NXTPOAlINIUNZE•••••• A4 •• •A4• ••SUBPROPH NAME•IN SYM OL TABLE•STAR1003 ... xal',52 .... .. • PUPSYM TBL..FUNCTION OA.. NCTION YES ...FU OR•. NO•..ADDR OF SUBPROG. ..5418gINE.."..N/R9VALU..-*--:•. .COMMUNRATIONS.. .. .. .. • AREA NAME/.. . .. .. R•. NO • YES ....•El •..X• E2 • • •• • .0.*OS.*TRYCIEPLAC1• .•YES•:04 NOA$ C4 ATIRRO,•IN ,04/81.. TABLE••• NO8.0.1•• D4 •.X• •i▪v."XSLOP XDI .. 4. . . •• INTEGER . .. •YES: FabiN EIN : • MOgaraEXT.. FUNCTION X. COMMUNICATION •.. .. •. .. • • • •NO4... ..... ...v....• •• El •.X E2 •.X E3 .....• • • ••••• ••••• X ern. x002 x DTB ... FLOP e5....E2 *. E3 64 ......El• • . . .. ...EXIT TO THE ROL• .. 0• LEGAL •... NO . PUT ERROR ON • ROUTINEit. NAME X* STRING .:*-44AIUM '- NO 5.:* PALMER '.. NO .... ... . • *. NAME ..... .. • . .. .. *. .4... )1•. :ES• YES me.• : •••• • •63•. .0• E/ . . • •....A ••. %.01. RMV x /ARK/ ...F2 .. F4 F5 ....• .• ..PARAM. .... NAME IN .. .. YES • REMOVE .. NAME IN .. YES.. SYMBOL TBL... •STATEMENT FROM • .. SYMBOL ........OR COM.. •• STRING • .. TABLE ..•.. .. 7,.13 • NO ...... mit . •. • • • E1*ic..X• El • . . •..... - au..•• . ..A4 •PIECE R• • 05me....•PUT NAME INSYMBOL TABLE•• • • •..X• Di •Flowchart FOR06. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 4Flowcharts 249

PHASAl• •••••• 81 :.X.XB1.• END.YESSTATEMENT0. .0• NO••• 008•• Al•• •;MIXCI •0 0.YES •INITIALIZE TOgo. DIMENSION•X•SCAtT2ILIVA/ON...STATEMENT.*•• •• 01 ...X.• • ••••• .• NO01 .00 *MOVE TO NEXTSTATEMENT.. ▪ I* BI •SIP• D2••• XD2 0. to..:0YES. •411. .•• NO••••• •• 03D3• •• REMOVEX.STATEMENT FROM •• STRING • •..00. • •e.X . DI •PADS▪E2LEGAL •0 . NONAME0. ..... .01 X• YES 010.0• •:G3 • • •ZORRO.... PREY ... SUBNF2 0. F3 ... F40 0. • SPREAD SYMBOL... NAME IN ... YES .... SUBPROG. •. NOSYMBOL ... X•.NAME OR PREY * I. DIMENSION0. TABLE .•.. .DIMENS. .. • IN ORMA N ••. 0... ..• NO • YESPLACE X ERG2▪ •G3 *.X• •04410•▪ PUT NAME IN • PUTM la ON• SYMBOL TABLEg•1160.1.0• *• 03 •• •041.046ON1 X ...H2• coNUIVSTTO•BINARY. PUT IN• SYMBOL TABLEXH3OREPLACE STATEMENT WITH •ERROR. CLOSE UP.STRING • .4.0C...X. 131 •• •MOVE TO xNEX ••.•j2 ••..X• D2 •• •Flowchart FOR07. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase S250

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STARTAlINWALIZE E.1104 :• BI •.X.oleive %END 6. YES .;;Trio THE ROL•• STATEMENT • X: ROUTINE :o. .0%C8EL.e. DECO, BAKER %CI .. 02...0.3 ****** faii.•••FORMAT 0. YES ..... NO • PUT ERROR ON• STATEMENT .. X.• STATEMENT .4. X: STRING▪ NUMBER ..0. ..• ...*•• NO • YES4.1.•. . • •. ..X• ElNOVEM % INDIC %••••01D2•mOIVATV.MI T•• :sPATIVAIRE47.0.0• •..X• 81 • • E2 •.X• ••••• ••••E2END OF• STATEMENTYESO...• •• C3 •.•••NO•* •• BI •* •.000• ••SCAN FOR VALID ••FORMAT TYPE AND.• SYNTAX •• •TSTG2.0 0. ••••SYNTAX 0. NO o. • AND TYPE ...4..X. C3 • VALID .0 • •.0 ••••0. o.• YESHAN1H2•PuT OUT FORMAT•SPECIFICATIONS• •J2•MOVE TO•" X* E2 • •Flowchart FOR13. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 10256

• A3 ••• • •STARTAlINITIALIZEABELLA3GgaRANNION• B1 •.X.••••• • X.1, CK6 x8 1 e.83.. v.. END .. YES •;;;;9 0 THE ROL* CALCULATE 0STATEMENT .. X. ROUTINE • VALUES.. ... •v. .. ••XCI.°•:* STAMPNT •. YES.•• 01,01.•0• NO•X• ..*. 41.• FORMAT YESSTATEMENT.*. .0• NO404.• •• C2• •ZZZZC2C3• • •STORE 0 VALUES• IN STRINGX:NEWI TO • FOLLOWED BY• SPECIAL• • • OPERATOR4..X• 81 •••••X'L AD3MOVE TO NEXTELEMENT•..X• H/ •El.•YES• CONTINUE•o.STATEMENT..0. .0• NO•Fl.*.o.• HO,DEFINE YES. . . •• NOGI•INITIALIZE TO•SCAN STATEMENT•same• •• HI •.X.• XTESTIHI 4...0 ▪ STATEMENT.YES*. TERMINATOR .....0 . .0• NO••XJI.•.• *.DIMENSION NO▪ LEVEL I, 2, •OR 3YES•ABELK I .. K2. . • . *. YES • REPLACE •STATEMENT.•.FUNCTION .•x :MINIVATART:.. •• • •• NOX. .1161.0...X. C2 •*v.*• • me.• A3 •• •••••Flowchart FOR14. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 11Flowcharts 257

STARTAl*INITIALIZE00..• 01 •.X..4. OVERFB1....02END .. YES •EXIT TO THE ROL•STATEMENTROUTINEX:• 84 ...:X54•PUT IF OPERATOR:• ON STRING •XY20Fl.F2'..•VALID...YES STATEMENT NOSTATEMENT ..... X*. FUNCTION..FUNCTION .0•NAME• GI ••X4. NO• •• C2 *...X• .XXY5ARITH •xCI.. C2C4..... .. • MODIFY • .. .... .. YES••.,.ARITHMETIC .• X.EXORENTSNIP....PARRICHESIS...Y!....STATEMENT.. • SCAN PROCESS • .. .*• •it . ...... .... X. NO ''01.10 0.... .... • •. • C2 ..x• E3 • • •• • •4.. ..40..XY23 D o . o X013I ... (12. .•• 03 •..1. .••.4. :.IF m. YES .0 *. YES .. STATEMENT '•. YES•. STATEMENT .•....X•. TERMINATOR .•...... .. ....nfIVVEIAi..*. .• *. .♦ .. ..XX.... • NO .ENO ••••• •••• . • ••••B4 • CI • • •• • E3 ••X. • • • Ey ....•.0• • • , •••• • • ,I M. . •••• xX025 LIST x .0ES .. E2 E3 E4 ... ... • • • •.... • CALL ... YES •*CHECK STATEMENT* •• PUT ERROR ON : .. • LEGAL .. NO•. STATEMENT .•.... •NUMBER LIST FOR. • STRING •. NAME.. .* • VALIDITY • .. .. • w • • ..IX...110 ••••• YES .....0 • , .000 : .4.0 • •. E4 E3 •• • ..X• G/ • ..X• GI : • ..... 0...M. .440• YES. .F4•••••IN SYlaykyTABLE••.•••XGI 2MOVE TO• PUT STATEMENT •FUNCTION:OPERATOR ON ••• STRING. COUNT •• • ARGUMENTS •XY30G4PUT CALL• "PrINC ON..X. 81 ••••10029xH2 .• *. H4 ..... . .. ... LESS .. NO .. STATEMENT ... NO• THAN 15 ...... •......TERMINATOR.. .. .. .. ... ... ..X.. ... XYES 0.40• YES me. .... • • . .0.0 • . • • • E3 • . . • 0 E3 •..X. C2 • • • ..X. GI • • •. • .0.0 • • • • • •••• • .0..Flowchart FOR15. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 12258

STARTAl••• INITIALIZE TO •*SCAN STATEMENT STRING••• • .. B1 •.X.amXY2 ..RI •.• . ••••13▪.. • END .. YES *EXIT,ITNE S ROL•*. TATEMENT ..xXY3... ...*. ..• •... ..• NO••XCI *.▪ • READ.YESSTATEMENT• ND• •• A4 •• •4. 0. 4h•XY6A4 AS ..A.. .. •.. 10CS •.. NO• PUT ERROR ON..X•. INDICATORS x •... .• •• .. • •• YES: • • • ••..X* GI • •AXV6AB3.......*.LEFT NO.1. PARENTHESIS..• YESPUTC3•• PUT OUT I/O •• OPERATOR •• •••••xy4DIWRITE •. YESSTATEMENT •.•• ND3 *...A g AD/WRITi . .. NOSTATEMENNUMBER• YES••.:* STWERENT •* YES.•. .. .XE3.....41.VARIABLE NO*. LIST.. FOLLOWS..;ESXY24 ... XY27 XY14A XF/F2F3.. . • •.. GOTO .. .•YES .. S .CHECK LIST FOR..' STATEMENT .. I:0E6'0MR: +VALID VARIABLE.. .. VALIDITY • NAMES.. ... • •••••01.• NO• • . . .x• GI ..X. .• • X..... .. ẋ 10.15 XGI03.•*. G4• • ...• ... .MOVE TO NEXT •STATEMENT.. STATEMENT •. NO •. :.:*. OPMER *:." X•. TERMINATOR X A4 .. .. ... • •• .. .. ••••• YES: .• • • •..X. 81 • ..X. GI •••••XY16H3.•0N—DIMEN:... NO ******INTEGER A4 ••..VARIABLE • •••••• YESPUT AJ3WERTOR"XY21• REARRANGE ••STICDPS D FOR •• S AN• •• • 45 •• •..X. GI •Flowchart FOR16. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 13Flowcharts 259

STARTAL*4.4• •• A4% •••• XA3 .. A4••. INITIALIZE .. NU•PHASE.. CONTINUE 06... ... ILEF %.n..• ••.1E**X • •• YES •.:ES Iwo.. • 85 .OM :• •. . • C5 • .....• FIT ..X. .'......ABEL ••. ..LIZPUT k81 .. 83 • 84'....• •PLAVE UNO .. END ..NO .. •. .. a. YES •IN STRINGG TEST OVER •....•. STATEMENT .•..... ID OK .. •. CONTINUE ...... CON4NUE *.STATEMENT.. • STATEMENT •..• YES • YES • NO ....•• • . ..X . B5 • • •• • • C5 ..X**Of • •% %41.40DOTALBAKERMOVECS .. .....C2 C3 ..4CS.. •. DO .. NO .* STATEMENT •. NO • CIPT S ;5 1 14T •• MOVE TO. TABLE EMPTY •. X: OUTPUT ERROR: .. HAVE: IN D FORE NEX •I.. NUMBER ..• STATEMENT •• YES• ▪ EXIT TO ROL .• ROUTINE •• •D3• • PUT ERROR ON..X• STRING••• YES• •. • • C5 •..X• A4 . •• • .0**. • • • •.•X. C5 • BEC5 •X .4......4. FULLEl ...• E2 .. E3 E4 E5 ... • ••••• .. YES .. LEGAL •. YES • PUT OUT DO •.. YESSTATEMENT .. VO 0:4Mprw-an':.. X. INIT. MOVE TO • X•. .• STATEMENT ....... .. •.STATEMENT.• •• • •NEXT STATEMENT • .. NUMBER ..... .• • • .. ...FL It.4.. BACKSPACE..STATEMENT... •• NO • NO. ••••• NO• NOXHI ..YES• END.YESFILES • ......X...STATEMENT..• NO•..0• H3 •F2.. F3 .. F4F5.... •• PAUSE .. YES • •••s. YES *OUTPUT Z SYMBOL• : GENERATE AX. • DR STOP X.. SEMI—COLON .. X. TABLE POINTER • • LABELFOLLOWS .. ... .. • •• NO ....AO. ..o. . 0.... • ••.X• J2 • ..X: J2 •Z •••• •••••SHUTSTNO xG2 GI ....G5•PUT STMT NUMBER•• REWIND ••• YESINTEGER .. YES OR GENERATED• STATEMENT ••••••X • • CONSTANT ...... • LABEL IN WO 2J1• STOPYESa. • STATEMENT.. . • OF DO TBL.. .0. .. R• NO ...F. .• •O.• K2 • • 0. • • •"H3••.... ..X.A.C5 •.... • • .SHOE CLOS;rn H3%H2 ..• INTEGER *.. ▪ CONSTANTNO........ 4.11.411.0*• YES.•••••••••. • •• j2 • • X ..X. C5 •• •J2••PUT IN SYR TEL,•• PUT SYR TBL ••ADOR ON STRINGXPUT ERROR ONSTRING••••••• NOKI• NO•• PAUSEYESSTATEMENT• ▪ •K2 •.X• •4.140XK2PUT OUT •APPROPRIATE• CALL •• NO••••• •Al • •..o...X• C5 •Flowchart FOR17. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 14260

XSTARTAlA4•• I NIT I ALIZESUBSC .. YES• PHASE EXPRESSION•.IN TABLE•NU• BI •.X.%to. XTESTUUTBI...*B2. • END • YES . EXIT TO ROL• STATEMENT X. ROUTINESTST5134• PUT IN • •• SUBSCRIPT .. EXPRESSION ••• TABLE. •45TAG NAME• NO.....• •• 02 ....X •••• XCI ..T5T5AC2 • .. C3 .. C4 C5. .. •.• FORMAT .. STATEMENT .•.... •. YES •. .•• CALL, STMT R/W IF.. .. NOX.• DO . YESTAG NAME • :EXPRWSTON R...OR A ITH... •• STATEMENT FROM•..... .••••X•X• NO .... 'X.. ..:ES • • NO I....• • • will.. • •ja 4. . . J4 • •• •• ,4.• .••••• * 05 ..: .... • • it... .• • • • :X OPENPUREDI ..xD2 X03 ....04•• • * . •PUT SUBSC. • • DEFINE , YES. PURGE INDEX •CLEAR SUBSCRIPT. GENERATED•.A••FRUM SUBSCRIPT •FILE •S NEXPRESSION • TEMPORARY UN • • EXPRESSION •..•.• /ABLE STRING • * TABLEic• • •• NO • .... ....• • . ••• • •• • •• •• J4 • • • •• • • 1-4.......X* C2 • 05. • •... ... •X X ..... .,... XAVARTESTIEl .. E2 • E4 EN • .... • .0 ..CALLING .. YES .. DEFINE .. NO • MOVE STRING•. EXIT •• •. .. NOFILE.POINTER TO END .. REFERENCED .•...•• OF SUBSCRIPT •..STATEMENT..• NO .... XX• YES• • • YES .........• .• J4 • •. CI.• F4 :.X. • •• •••••.. •••*...0••TER XF2V4 E5*PUT ASSOCIATED *•• .. YES•• VARIABLES IN • MOVE STRINGDATA•CLEAR SUBSCRIPT.•BOUND VARIABLE • • POINTER • EXPRESSION.. ••. TABLE* TABLEX• • • •• NO 4...• • ...... * 4 . X. • •• • • G2 •.X. . . ...X .• C2 •I •••• X '.....GI .. G2•• G4 ... .• STMT *. YES .* U0 .. YES .•. STATEMENT . •. NO•. HAVE NUMBER .•.... •. OPERATOR .• •. TERMINATOR .,..... . •XX.... . ..• X• NO v... • NO ow. . YES ..• • • • • •e5 . . 05 • • G2 *• ••••••••••• •X••••XTEST2JAY XH/ .. H2 • .. 14•BOUND ..• VARIABLE *. YES 04BSCRIPTI*. NO • CLOSE UP.. TABLE....0, I. 2, ...•...:••••••STATEMENT IFEMPTY .. •• • NECESSARYX X• NO •••• • YES 4 •••• • • • ••••••. C2 • E4 • • • . • • • J4 •.X. fie.. • ....X TS! X•••• a XJI J2 J4PURGE BOUNDGET SUBSCRIPT MOVE TO NEXTVARIABLES EXPRESSIONSTATEMENT. ...•..X• C2 •• •• •• A4 •• .X• el •• •Flowchart FOR18. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 15Flowcharts 261

EDESCANTAlA2. . • •• INITIALIZE • :INITIALIZE FOR •• PHASE ..X:SCAN STATEMENT• • • ....• •• 83 ••• •• 131 •.X.• •••• xSETUPBt.• ARITH* ASP CALL *. YESGOOD IF RI.-STMTS• NOBZPLACE X.B3 ......•....*• • • PERFORM ALL ••RESET GENERATED. • FUNCTIONS OF •• TEMPORARIES • 4 INTERPRET/AI• . • PACKAGE •• .CA *.END NU• STATEMENT• YESCENMCTNORM.NoLESS THAN 4•• YES• •EXIT TO ROE• ROUT/NE •P -TPUL x NAMEXX02 03 ..• • •• CALCULATE .. BOTH .• 40•STATEmENT NORM • ... SYMBOL .....• * ..OPERATORS..• • ..**M..• YESADv•04• ROVE STRING •.. X* POINTER•X FORCE...••.2 E3 ....• FE NECESSARY' N0 .. 40. OVEN OR CLOSE .. OPERATORS ..• STRING • .. FORCE ... . a.• YESCRYNm ;F2•X....• •83 . •. CORRECT .••••STATEMENT NORM•MOVE0...........•PLACE POLISH ••TABLE ON STRING.•NEXTSH2•• MOVE TO NEXT • STATEMENT •J2• LAST. SORT A *. YESSTATEMENT •.•. NO• • ...X• BI •. •j3 .....REINITIALIIE •X. FUR SCAN ••..X• Ea • •Flowchart. FOR19. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 16262

ENEAlINITIALIZE PHASE • ••START81• MOVE STRING•NEXT TO SYMBOL• TABLE.INITIALIZE•41444• •CI ••(• • X01021• XCI•INITIALIZE TO• SCAN NEXTSTATEMENT•D1 .... .... STMT ' .. YESFUNCTION ' •.. SORT :0... ..• NO•E1 ... .... ARITH ... ' CALL OR IFSTMT .... ...• NO•YES..Fl0000 a. YES▪ • STATEMENT •.•0105102•• MOVE DUMMY •X* VARIABLE TO •• OUTPUT STRING • 01061 xE2•mOVE TO OUTPUT •. STRING •X• PROCESSING ..... SUBSCRIPT •• OPERATORS •P2011F2X: PRIMiiM2gT°• NO•P105301G2READ. YES • PROCESS READ• WRITE. FIND X• WRITE. FIND• STMT • STATEMENT41.....NOHI'RETURN'YES• STATEMENTNOP2031H24 4«PROCESS RETURN •X. STATEMENT•0/04121•MOVE STATEMENT •• UNALTERED TO •• OUTPUT STRINGKC...... .. •••••2▪.. LAST ... YES • EXIT TO ROL •• STMT END .. X. ROUTINES• SORT ...1. ....NO..0• CIFlowchart FOR20. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 17Flowcharts 263

ENTAlINITIALIZEPHASESTARTEl• MOVE STRING•NEXT TO SYMBOL• TABLE• INITIALIZE•••••••• ........••Cl ...X.• •PIO21 XCl• INITIALIZE TOSCAN NEXT• STATEMENTf •fli1441P1051ADI .. D2 03.. ...• •MOvE TO OUTPUT .. YES . MOVE DUMMY •• STRING TILL ••. STATEMENT ,•X. VARIABLE TO • NEXT •...FUNCTION ... OUTPUT STRING :'.. ***** X . NON-PROCESSED .. .. • • • OPERATOR •.. . Ṅ.XD4 .....END OFSTATEMENT YESX•. TERMINATORFlE2 •READ..YES I/O NO• • • hITITE, OR O. X.. UNITFIND .. INTEGER• NO • YES•.XXFl./.ARITH. YES • •.▪ CALL, OR IF .•....X• E3 ••STATEMENT.• • •. NOP1041 AG1• ••+MOVE STATEMENTUNALTERED 10 •• OUTPUT STRING..... p.,••L3X. OUTPUT ERROR•• NO•..X. CI • •*mi.*▪• CI •• • •P5011E4 .. 15.. .. •CALL ... YES •MOVE 2NO CALLS •• OPERATOR ...' X•W/ARG TO OUTPUT....... • STRING ••...•F4.■ *.•IF YES•. OPERATOR .•• NU•P20134•• MOVE OPERATORAND NAMES TOOUTPUT STRING•,•••HIff..WAS.NO • • LAST STMT ......X. C1 •STMT • •. YES%• •• 03 •P3011 F5• ••MOVE OPER.NAMES•X• TO OUTPUT •...STRING • •.%EXIT TO ROL• ROUTINE •Flowchart FOR21. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 18264

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ENTAlINITIALIZEPHASE ANDPRINTERMOVST XB1• DELETE EQUIV ••STMTS. IF ERROR.• NOTED INSERT •ERROR ID•A/011CI• LIST •UNREFERENCED• STATEMENTS •A102/ XDIMUST UNDEFINED •VARIABLES• •ern• •E/ ..X• *.... XE1011E2011R1011El .. E2 o. E3,.•..•..•••••... .. .. • REARRANGE •.. END OF .. YES .. COMM ... NO..X... STRING .• X0. AREA ERRORX: DATA, 11,40, 814.. -. •.WD IND ON.• • DEFINE FILE, •.. .. .. .STMT EUNCT AT LOW STR AOR. NO YES•E1024.•. E2020 I▪FE .. F2PRINT MESSAGE ....•F1.••..•..•..•• ERROR .. YES • 'OUTPUT HAS • • EXIT TO ROL •IDBEEN X. ROUTINE.. .. • SUPPRESSED' •• • . ***** ...MOM'. NOO4OOOM: G3 : • •• G3 ....MOiE1051 M •. XGR .. 02'.. G3..... ******... ... .. LIST ERROR ANDDATA ... YES .. ANY .. YES •STMT REFERENCE.••• STMT .. X•. COMMON .. DELETE FROM•..VARIABLE .. • STRING •.. .. .. ..• NO• NO ••E1031 Hi• ••MOVE STATEMENT •• UNALTERED TO• OUTPUT STRING• •MO• El •Flowchart FOR23. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 20266

ENTAl• MOVE STRINGNEXT TO SYRT8L.INITIATE• FOR STMT SCAN*O... •••• 82••.4.4•A.m1021M1051 81......ST MTF ORMAT.. NO • "NT...STATEMENT ORR. STATEMENT•.CALL I/0*.FUNCTION.... -.. NO• YES • YESXM1071C• MOVE I STMT TO • C2 . •INSERT3 REL ADDR• OUTPUT STRING • • INSERT ••... INSERTING : •ALLOCATION INTO• :STg7T1STALLOCATION • OUTPUT STRING AREA• • • • •x52 D3 ..OUTPUT CALL .. .SUBIN W/0 ARG • .. IS .. NOAND STMT BODY • .. SUBPROGRAM ....•TRKSW IS 0 IN .. ..SURE • .. ..•YES• •• 82 •.111111...xF3• OUTPUT CALL •• SUBIN W. ARG •TRAKSR TS I IN •SUER • •M1081XM10 2F3OUTPM4VING.thLOCgRIMMEXIT XG3• STORE PROGRAMLENGTH IN• COMMUNICATION• AREA....H3• exIT TO ROL•ROUTINE •Flowchart FOR24 • FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 21Flowcharts 267

ENT•▪ INITIALIZE• POINTERS FOR •+SCAN OF STRING •• •.44.4.: 01 ..x.O444. ;4MI000•.. NEXT▪ STMT HAVE YES• STMTNUMBER• NOCI ..NO * IS NEXT ..STATEMENT•.FUNCTION• YES:XALOCLISTINGNOREQUESTED• YESEl•PRINT STATEMENTNAME AND• ALLOCATION •XFl•INSERT ALLOC IN•SYM TEM.,. DELETE•LABEL ALLOC OF• 1TMt• •GIMOVE STMTUNALTERED TO •OUTPUT STRING •. .HI ... LAST NO• SIMI WAS ......ENDX• YES 6444• 014444..j1• EXIT TO ROL •• ROUTINE •Flowchart FOR25. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 22268

••ENT 12012Al A2 ..• ••INITIALIZE THE . . END OF •.. YESPHASE ..X•.. STRING .*• •• NO81• LIST FEATURES •SUPPORTED•L2041B2 B3 ..• • .•SCAN STATEMENT • .. LISTING .... NO+STRING FOR ONE • .. REQUESTER .....• WORD CALLS • .... ..• YESK1051CI• •NOEXTENDED•..PRECISION..• YESC3.TAG CALLEDR.• NAMES IN • •LIST SUER NAMESSUBROUT/NE OUT • WHICH HAVE BEEN• TABLE •• TAGGED •••D/ALTER SUBR NAMETABLE TO •REFLECT •EXTENDED •PRECISION •D2• ••MOVE POINTER TO....•NEXT STATEMENTS.....Q• EXIT TO ROL •• ROUTINE• •XEl• TAG NAMES IN ••SUBROUTINE OUT•+TABLE INDICATED.•10 IOCS WORD IN .• COMM AREA •11035▪FlLISTING*NOREQUESTED•.;ES01LIST SUBPROGR•NAMES THAT ARE •IN SYMBOL• TABLE •L2011 H1• INITIALIZE *STRING POINTER • •Flowchart FOR26. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 23Flowcharts 269

ENTAlINITIAL/2EPHASE ANDPRINTERL4C1181•••;SYR TOL .. NO• LISTING•..REQUESTED..•*YES•NOCl• YESDI•MODIFY FOR EXT• PREC. INSERT•PARAMETERS FOR• CONY.L4021El• LIST REAL •CONSTANTS• •iiFl• COMPUTE •LOCATIONS AS• ENCOUNTERED. ••SyM TIE PASS SW.• IS 0GI• "21APILM •HI• COMPETE •• LUCATIONS AS •• ENCOUNTERED. ••SYM T8L PASS SW.IS I::xCOREDJ1X• LIST COREREQUIREMENTSJ2 *.• MAXIMUM •. NOX•. COME SIZE• YES••.j3• EXIT TO ROL •X. ROUTINE • •1.4;K2••SET ERROR CODE •••Flowchart FOR27. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 24270

ENTAlINITIALIZEPHASE• B/ •.X.• • .•••• AB1.* • FILE DEFINE• STMTYES•.• NO510/1 83X•Fifir MUMS:FIO21•CIC2C3• • •• DATAYES • OUTPUT DATA • • OUTPUT DEFINE •STMT X. STATEMENT• FILE TABLE •NO•▪ 01 •.X• •DI•• SCAN SYMBOL•TABLE FORCONSTANTSF101503•• MOVE TO NEXT • STATEMENT •0102201032El .. E2.. •01031• OUTPUT IN •X* ABSOLUTE MODE •.:' CONSTANT ...YES... FOUND .. X • ... .. • •Fl• NO•REAL YES• • • CONSTANT •FOUND ..0/033 xF2. • PLACE ••ALLOCATION INTO.• SYMBOL TABLE..X• 131 •• •• NO• • COUTAINTS.AYES• 01••••H2• EXIT TO ROL •• ROUTINE •• •Flowchart FOR28. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 25Flowcharts 271

Ala..* .....INIITAWIZE111.4. EXTENDED *. *. NOPRECISION......REQUESTED..• YESCD.*** ......•ALTER SUER NAME.* TABLE TO •* REFLECT •• EXTENDED •• PRECISION •011•••• .......OUTPUT STRING•°MOWN •• OBJECT •PROGRAM.........•• EXIT TO FEEL• ROUTINE ••Flowchart FOR29. FORTRAN Compiler, Phase 26272

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CAREDDISKZ•• READ SLET •B1• •FETCH IOAR HOB• FOR PRINCIPAL• DEVICE RTNS•CI•FETCH .10• RECORD. SET UPFROM — TO TABLE••0/D1SKZA• READ DCOM •▪ El •.X.• •XElE2.•*. E3 tomDISKZ D1. NO or CART •• YES •••CAIVIDGE X.. ON SELECTED X READ ID FROM...PROCESSED.. DRIVE • SELECTED.•YES • NO••••FD1SKZlWRITE UPDATED• DOOM •***** 404...0460• • •• GI •.MGI• PRINT FROM — TO •TABLE• •• ▪ EXIT TO SEXIT •• IN SKELETON •• SUPERVISOR •F3'....• CART . 0..1D I5 DCOM•N)e.ID FROM THI!DRIVE .0a. .0▪ •YESG3 0.• LAST.•FROM—TO NO... NOIN TABLE...PROCESSED..0. .0• YES4 •* GI • G4 .. G5.. I.. *PROCESS CHANGE.•CART ID .. YES • UPDATE SCUM. X* . .IS TABLE ID .. X• ADD ONE TO •.. .. • TABLE POINTER 0 . .....•.0• NO..... .• • oH4 •.X. 0• •.i.••••H4H5• INCR XRi FOR DISKZ• NEXT DC M ID • •X• AMIREAVE WRITE CART. 10• ON SELECTED •• • CART.:.X • El ••....•..X• H4 •Flowchart U11.01, System Library, ID274

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RDREC Al•FSLEN 002A1••• FETCH AND •• CONVERT . 10 •• RE ORDNI•••;• VALID •• NO••ID RECORD• YES•ClPACK EBCDIC •STOWT taR.S•PRINT TABLE•DI •CONVERT ID NUMBERS TO •BINARY AND •STORE IN USERS.TABLE •ElNUMBERS.. NO••••E2•PRINT ERRORMESSAGE •F/•• ▪ STORE C ENT FOR • • •GI• PLACE ENTRY ••POINT OF SYSTEM.*ROUTINES IN THE•• A-REG •• •HI•PRINT .10 •RECORD •••• RETURN TO ••CALLING ROUTINE.• •Flowchart UTLOS. System Library, RDREC278

IDENTAl•CALPR 007A1•.---------------•• ••PRINT HEADINGS • •ElDISKZ• -*• READ OCOM •CI*FETCH CARTRIDGE.*.10 AND PHYSICAL• DRIVE NUMBER •• FROM DCOM •• •XDl•CALPR 007A1•• -*• PRINT ID AND •••PHYSICAL DRIVE• NUMBER •. .El.* END OF • NO11. TABLE• YES• .*F1 •• EXITTO •• SUPERVISOR •Flowchart UTL06. System Library, IDENTFlowcharts 279

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ICNVT****A1*** ***** *ENTER I - * CONVERSION *JCNVT****A2*********ENTER J - * CONVERSION *DC NVT****A3*********ENTER 0 - * CONVERSION *ECNVT****A***** *****ENTER E - CONVERSION ** •*************** *************** *************** ***************. *****B3 5.0:* *****%*****En********** *****B2********** *****B3********** ***** B4** ***** **** * .** FETCH OUTPUT ** C OMPUTE INPU *:FILMNFIFtREA :rittEJSIS,WN07.1T: ON TDPA gi ::WEiticZKNO*:*FIELD - INTEGER* INPUT FIELD * RACKED OGTSI ** ** ** ****************** **** *********** ** ***************** *****************•*****ci***********FILL WORD AREA ** WITH /F0 *.********** ***** **.C O *. C3 * **.*****C4*** ******5.* *.NO .** RETRIEVE *Perti kat S :*NO .. INTEGER t....*. NEGATIVE .*YES*. .*YES4.** ***** 4,* ***** 4.0DI *..* *.A..n*: * NEGATIVE*.* YES*****02 ***** *****COMPLEMENT ****** *****X*****03********** *****D4 ***********COAMERMT SOF * : DOTSRPM° **LOW ORDER WORD * AREA********* ********xx*****F1********** *****E2********** *****E3* *a TAKE TWO'S * * DETERMINE . *FILL WORK AREA * * FETCH SAVE *COMPLEMENT • . WITH /FD *FINAL D -: In86111018A :*ALREAD Y 4 UNPCKED** * *...Am.** *****************. ****X *. .0* R3 * **********E1***************F3***********CONVERT INTEGER* * CONVERT LOW * * FIELD MARK ** TO 5 DEC OCT'S * :ORDERDITFCIMAL: ARM ADDING :..*************** *****************. .. .. :r L 00*****************•7 x x x*****G1********** ***** G2*********. *****63***********INSRT 016AI* ACCOUNT FOR *INSRT 01641*. . RANGE WITH * ** INSERT FIELD * * ADJUSTMENT **INTO RPG RECORD* VALUE :1001PGFIRORD:* * *:** *************: *****************.****H1********** RETURN TO ** MAINLINE ******************x*****H2 ********** x****H3** ******** CONVERT HIGH * *RETURN TO .*ORDER 1 DECIMAL* * MAINLINE *DO TS* *****************+ *+**** *** ***** ******J2***********INSRT 01641**-:IMENGIFE8R4*****************••****K2********** RETURN TO ** MAINLINE* ********* *****•Flowchart DCN 14. CHART E. System Library Disk Data File Conversion Program (DFCNV)Flowcharts 286. 5

FCNVT RCNVT R0060* ***** ***.A, ********* *FREW •• ENTER R - •------------- *:• CONVERSION : : CONVERSION : GENERATE4.0•• 4, necimm. EXP 6 /*• * DEC °GT **;•*• •: A3 :•***•****5111** ********•:Dx60.11t346,1 **FLDIELD •5- 5*I LOAD PAC WITH** REAL NUMBER *• *** *B3 .•. •.... *.NO .* •...... EXPONENT .•*.TOO LARGE..5. .55. .•• YES*****CI 800:2***C2 * : *** ****** NORM•* FETCH FIELD *.- ***FILL WORK AREA **LENGTH IN WORDS** NORMALIZE •* WITH /F9 *NUMBER IN FAC • * •*..*************** *********** ******** •**•*•••*** ** 01 4.0■ D3 •.X*•* * * ***********xD1* ********* ****•02******•*••* •COMPUTE TABLE **FILL WORK AREA *• PRINT WARNING •* DISPLACEMENT •WITH /FO MSG Flo IF*FOR FIRST CHAR *•* * DESIRED •%*****E1**** ****** E2 •.* FETCH FIRST * YES .*.• ..5.*CHAP FROM TABLE* . MANTISSA .•AL. ZERO .•* r .. .****km ********** % .. .*•*•* * NU•* .11 •*• * :•* 5 .X.•....**F1***** ***** F. S... COMPUTE TABLE • NO .•.5•.B.* DISPLACEMENT • ...*. MANTISSA .5. FUR SEC CHAR • . *.NEGATIVE .•* * B. ..% *. .5•*•• B YES*• A3+* * .*5*•1.••%*D1 ***** G2*••***••••4 * **FETCH SEC CHAR * * TAKE TWO'S • FROM TABLE * • COMPLEMENT OF •MANTISSA . • • •***•**..•.HI*• COMPUTE TABLE ** DISPLACEMENT ** FOP 3R0 CHAR •*****•******JI*FETCH 3RD CHAR •* FROM TABLE•********** *******. • •..X* A3 •• *55**0070***•. •..X• J3 ** *5** *F3 A..• *..• •S. YES..X*. EXPONENT .4....• (*-I0 .*•S. .•B.••10 ••*►** 03*•••••• *•*G•MPY. •▪* GENERATE *• DECIMAL DIGIT *. •XH3 .5. •..5 B.NO .* DIGIT B...*..•*•*•••* J1 ..X• *••*•80050./NSR4 016041•*DECREMENT FIELD* * RETURN TO *..X*LENGTH IN WORDS* • INSERT FIELD * X* MAINLINE *• • *INTO RPG RECORD*• • • •***ea ******* **a**.....KI•INSRT OTAAI*• IN SUI RECORD : •.494*** **********••.K2 •S. r. ••*•*Kr ******* •.* FIELD S. YES •* RESTORE •* •• RETURN TOx; MAINLINEx: COMPRESSION S•Flowchart DCN :15. CHART F. System Library Disk Data File Conversion Program (DFCNV)286. 6

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$E A T2CPLOG*****A1********** ***A4 ****** ***** * • * ***•AB **********SAVE PEGS, XR2 * DUMMY ROUTINE * * RETURN TO ** IS BASE Arm *CAN BE REPLACED* X*CALLING ROUTINE*. IS f * * BY USER * * ** * * ****************** ****** * ***** *****.*. IOLOGRI 5. *****R2* ********* *****R* ****** ****.* *. * * **** * ****85 ***** * ***.5 *. YES *TEST FOR BUSY 1* * • * DUMMY ROUTINE *5. FUNCTION 0 .* X* SET U . EXIT S....0* K4 *CAN BE REPLACED*X:CALtitTIMININE: **. /TEST) .•. * * BY USER • * **. .► . * **** * ** **** ***** ******* ****** ************ NO•NTFSTCI . C2. S. *****C3 ******** **.* *. .* S. * *.5 *. YES .* ERROR *. YES *GIVE USER ERROR**. FUNCTION R .5 X*. STATISTICS .* X*STATS TEL ADOR A, .**. .***. .* * *5. *. .* **NO* NO.•X• ***** *X 4 K4 ******03 ***** ***** *****D2 * **CPLOG 00IA4* * * **** *•*** SET BIT * * *LOG CALL * SWITCHES FOR *....X* K4 * PARAMETER * * OPTIONS * * *• * * • ********************* ********•***•*•*•El S..* *..* *. YESS. FUNCTIONS .**. I-3 .**. .****.Z0XẊTEST.*. AUTOAFl*. ***F2************ F3**.*.. •.*YES .* ROUTINE *. *. * * 3 .5 *. *. 1...*. BUSY .* RESET SCA X * FUNCTIONS .*X * DIEU D E A1970 *s. .* * * •.5, 2, 3, .5 * ANSWER •*. .* •S. .*A. .* *********** ****** •. .* * ******** ********* NO * 2X***•* *X ALARM X * K4 ******D1*** ***** ** *****C2* •* SET FUNCTION * * *****1 COON) RCV IS * * CLEAR * TURN ALARM ON *-, ENO IS O. * • INDICATORS * OR OFFXMIT TS . * ** • • ****************** ************ ***** **** ****************HT****** ******* PUTEI" ************ *••****i M**** ***** * * •* K4 s ** K* • **••* ****....*****n*** ****** * J3 S. gJ4 S.* .s 5. .* *.s SAVE PARA SET * * START SCA * .* RECEIVE *. TES* START PROGRAM •* RCV OR %MIT * X. OPERATION . X*. INITIAL .* X*:* iGRIM *:*YES X TIMER* INDICS 5. .* S. T MER .• • *S. .• *. .*:***************: *. .5 5. .*• NO • NO•.x •• * ****K4*•••***** *5**• * * •*SET INDICATORS *X* EXIT *X....* K4 • * * ** * ****Flowchart SCAM. System Library, SCAT2 Call Processing• Flowcharts 287

INT2 ..*A1***** *******• SENSE & RESET *DSW*****************AI *. 92 *. B3 5..4 .• .*84 *. 85.***.5. .* *. .4 *. .. ...• AUTO *. No .4 4. YES .• READ *. NO.* TIME *. NON. ANSWER .* E.. READY .4... ..... X*. RESPONSE .• X*.. RESPONSE..4 .*" o•. OUT• * r .. *. • 5. . * • . .4 4,•• • •.4 ..• a. .4 5. .4 4. .4*. .5 S. .* X* YES ***10 4.*.:E'S * YES * YES •••**J4** *ANSI x NTROY X READI X X***C1************ *****cx********** ***** c3 ***** ***** ***** C4 ***** *****x*****C5*********** • * * *IOLOG*00104*SFT INDIC * ERROR /9000. * * COUNT WRITE . *nISABLE AUTO * RESET C CONI • CHECK *• ANSWER .: CHECK ERR IF **CLOSE OR RETRY OSW BIT 2 ON •4, LOG TIME OUT * * A * *.**** ********** *. ***************** ****** ****** o**** .****** ****** ****•****X****;,. • *, H4 * . H4 • x .4.* . . . ***03**Arrrx ***** D4 *.**** ..** .* ..* READ CHAR • OMIT .* FUNCTION *. ENDINTO SFR...*. CODE ..* • . *. IFCODE)*. •*.* *****x% *004** RCV03** 004* 04 .• *• A1* *5* ;**004** 01******E1 ********* •*1OLOG 001114**• LOG CHARACTER * ****** *************•**XF3 *.F5.*....4 .* *.END .• FUNCTION *. RCVXMIT .* FUNCTION 8. END* CODE .* * CODE4. IFCODE) .5 x x *. IFCODEI .****** ***** H. .4..00 7* 5.5. .4.5 *003* .005* r. ..X• G2* • OMIT * AI* * 84* . RCV• • * 4) • *• * :087:; ; * *. •X *003* *005*FN umDISCO % • 43* * 81•11 .. .**G2** ***** ***** r • * *.. . **. YES A) RESET SCA *OLE EOT .*... ***** X RESET 1NoR5.5 * **. .********** ****** *4. * . rj*002*0 * H4**•** **** * *• . 8, . 9 *. -X* H4 * H4 *.... ** . * * .X *****••• XINTO .5.HI 0. *****H2********** H4 9. *****H5* *********.. r. • .* a. r .* .. IFS * EDT TO USER .* ROUTINE 5. NO * EXIT TO USER 5. EOT .* X* AREA CLEAR 5. BUSY .* X* RTN IF EXIT .. .• * RTEISY 5. .**.* OPTION SPEC .* * S. .5*** ********* *****a *•. .** NO * YES****•*55*. * . *002*.•..X* N4 * J4 4.0 .* * * * X;x**** ****J1 *.*i**.. 5. ..* *. YES * FNC TO USER ** J4 **. ENO .5 X* AREA CLEAR EXIT ▪ * •.* * RIBS* •* ****0. • *4, Nn;▪•• * ••NINO X▪ H4 •*****ol* ********* ** * ***. ****ERROR /0200 • r •• RESET & CONT 4. ...X* H4 *CLOSE OR RETRY * * *Flowchart SCA02. System Library, SCAT2 Interrupt Processing.288

******003** Ai*; XRCVRDVITRO.* 41.***. ***A2 ***** * ******9. ....44.* * S.***** As***********. .9 A3 * .5 .**.5 CORRECT S. YES 5. YES * 49 . * ENO 5. 4 "SX START SYNC .... S. ACK .4 X*. ES X* CLEAR ATBSY •9. .4 * . 4. .54. .9 5. .5 5. .4 ::***************** ;* NO ***** * NO 8. 0410**** *002** * H4* .02 *... * 5 .* * *X ****X.ROEOT XX x31 4,*****B2**********.* -*43.4.9. *. ***B4***** *******9. * • •.* .* 9. YES *. YES * * * ALTERNATE *. EDT .4 X: UlPa Te6U0 K iS :.... *. NAK .5 START SYNC X* ACKNOWL *.* * 0, RTBSY OFF * . 9. .• * ► 54. .4 9. .4 * ****** * * ********* * X ***was ******* **4. 40 ...NO* go,* *007** • * H4** C2 4... 4 *X* .**002*.! . DISCO*** ;X**1*4.*****c2***************E4*** *******.4 .4 CI * **•*9.4. YES * USER COUNT = *ERR 0400 COUNT *4. OLE ROT .9 X* FFFF RESET 8.9 .9 C3j.4.9.*:*.n. ROT * ERR ACCEPT *. .** INORS9. .* *CLOSE OR RETRY •*. ** 9. .* * 4** ****** **** ***** 5. .4 X ******** ********** NO* NO *55*:• B2 * * X: *A.**X 4:X *002** G7* .5. * 34*O1 4. 4 * D3 *.5 *.* 9. * .**.. START 9. NO9'4. YES*. [OAR RCV01 .5 OLE EOT .4.....44. 9. .5 .4S. .5.5X* YES * NO *5*5* * C2 *• 4. r*55*RENTS' x*****E1 *****E2 ********** El.***. E4 *.* * * .5 5. .9 9. * *STORE DATA IN *ERR /2000 COUN .* *. y ES .5 4. YES1/0 AREA INCR * ERROR ACCEPT T* 5. ENO .* X*. MASTER .9 x:Ettsi 4ORW T:1NDRS *CLOSE OR RESET 5. .5 5. .5 8* * * * 5. .8 9. .5 * •***************** ***************** 5. .*. * NO 5'440.:X .R***** .*002* 5002*CKENn * H4* % % * H4******Fl* **Mt** . * *****F3 ********** *****F4 ********** * ** * *INVAL SEQ COUNT* * ERR /4000 * 5* BCC WHEN *ERR ERR 0200 R* 5:SLINfisRlitx . ►CA NECESSARY5 AC CE PT CLO1SE O* RETRY CLOSE * ■ * * * ******************•X*****5007* *002*H4* . .i H4*GI 4.* t * *.* *..* ENO *. NO*. CHAR RCM .9*. .4 x9. .* *****9. .4 *002** YES * 34** 4*•HI S. *****H2 **********.* 5. .5 4. YES * ERR /1000 **. OVERFLOW . X*ACCEPT CLOSE OR*4. . * RETRY x*. .■ 5 * *****5. .* *********s **4**** *0025* NO * H4t* *X.5.JI S. *****J2***** *****.5 RC C 4. .*RCV0 - BCC 5. YES * ALT ACES USER **. ACCUMULATED .5 X:COUNR9sylgipTH.:*. .5 x4. .5 * **002** NO* H4** 5X***sou* *********ERROR 0000 * COUNT ERR **ACCEPT CLOSE OR*RETRY* * 44****►*************** *002*. H4** *Flowchart SCA03. System Library, SCAT2 Interrupt Processing• Flowcharts 289

XMTNTAt .. *.4:00* ******** .1,1. ***** A3********** ***A4************.t *. *l LOG 00184... xMIT - *. yES * NRITN4NO. * * **• ENO ON .* x0* X START REAC.* * * LOG CHARACTER * * x• .. * . ****** *********** ****** *002*. NO * J4** * *.*.81 '. 82 r. ***83 ********* ***.* *... OMIT A. NO .* TRANS *. NO * WRITE BCC, *N. MESSAGE •* X*. ENO CHAR .* x PAD START*. .. S. NEEDED .5 5 READ . xA. ... *. .* ******002*YES* YES * J4*- * ►*•x**.cL**** * ***c2**** ****** 5** WRITE CATA * * WRITE DIE *FROM AREA ETB, PAD OR* * * DIE ETX, PAD *********************** ***************** *004** D3** * *•*****014*** ******* UPDATE *. POINTERS, ** COUNTS, ** INDICATORS *...**************ENOWT .*.D3 *. ***D45 5... SUB - *. NO * WRITE CLE **. FUNCTION .. X* EDT. PAD*. EDT .5 *.. .******** **********s'.: * ESXX*****F1************►E3************ t**** E4**********.10LOG 00184* *IDLOG 00184** --- *• WRITE EDT. * * -* *LOG CHARACTER X * t, LOG CHARACTER * * *5*** * ********** ***** *** *002* *** ****** ******** ****************■* J4** r.****** F3.**********IOLOG 00184**002** 02** 5*▪ LOG CHARACTER***** i*004* **►►************** G1*XXSTOATRnTSTG1 S. ***Gs *********** * G3 *. ***G4 ******** ****.5 5. .* ...* KNIT - *. YES x ► WRITMAX, * .:. Rca 5...*YES **. NAK ON .*X START REAC*. .5 * * *.RESPONSE .**. .5******* ** ******* 5'5. .*. 4 *****************s. * . NO * NO .*002*•;X* J4****H1************ *****N2**** ***** * *****H3 4**** * **IDLOG 00184* * ** WRITE CURRENT * -* OLE ACK. PAO CLEAR RTBSY * * I LOG CHARACTER * * * ****************** ** ****** ******** ******* MM.**X******002** H4****J2* ********* .* 5 ** INITIALIZE *INDICATORS* START READ ******* ****** *MtX5*****0025* J4►*Flowchart SCA04. System Library, SCAT2 Interrupt Processing•290

'*005** Rt** *RCVT XMTTM .*.*****.t********** B4 0..8 0,* COUNT SLAVE * TIME OUT *0:0 niNS S:*YES*. .5*. .8NOXGI * * S. *****G2 ***************C4**** ******.8 TIME .. *, *.. OUT EXIT, *. YES * ERR /0020 * COUNT MASTER 0. INIT, NO . X*ACCEPT CLOSE OR* TIME OUT ENO .* RETRY .* * **** ***** ** ***** * * * * * * ***** * * * * * * ** NO***PS ********** *•* START PROS *X TIMER INSERT****** * * *** *****. * ..X* E2 * *********+O1** ****#***02' .0. **►03************ *****04*5*********' .* *. * * ERROR 12000 * .* USE Of *. YES * START PROGRAM * * ERROR 0200 **ACCEPT CLOSE OR* 0. PROGRAM .* x* TIMER *ACCEPT CLOSE OR*RETRY *. TIMER .** RETRY * * s. .* * ***********►***** 5, . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *NO. 0*** : .*).( E2 5.0 : %* * x * * r * **002* .*** *002** 54* * N4*O * x . ** ***,E2********* *EXIT * *►*****005** Gl**•ENOTMCI R. ***** G2***********..* ROT L *. NOCLOSE .* X* CLEAR RTBSV .* .* * ******************* YES***** ******002. *002** 02* * 04** *Flowchart SCAO5. System Library, SCAT2 Interrupt Processing• Flowcharts 291

SCAT3 s****A1************SAVE RUGS. XP2 *s IS RASE. ACCR •IS T ******************PI *. ******2**********A. * *S . YES *TEST FOR RUST 8*FUNCTION 0 .* X* SET UP EXIT :...:. (TEST/ .*A. .* * t .*s*************** X* NO xi**• • •• * KT *LATEST• • ••• • •;CI S. *****C7***********. * *.. A. YES * GIVE USER ERR •*. FUNCTION 8 .* X* STAT TOL ADOR .* S. .* **** ******** * ******. .Z DX*****01***********CPLOG 00/A4*A •* PARAMETER ******************: ***** •..** K3 • *****XCLOSEEl S. E2 S. ***E3**** ***** 4**.* A. S..* *. YES .* *. 3 * END SCA **. FUNCTIONS 2.* Y*• FUNCTIONS .0 Xt OPERATION*. — 8 .* *. .* *5.. ..*** *110 .*.2. •. •x .XTEST ALARM ;Fl .** *. ••*E2************ *****F3********k*.* *. •YES .5 ROUTINE S. * TURN ALARM ON • CLEAR *BUSY . * OR OFF • INDICATORS SA. .* •*. .•. i *•. S *** ***** *I...kn.*** ***** ****** *qt.**** NO. **** : .*****. * • k.. X* K3 ..X. K3 • * . ***** *it*X*****G1*********** SFT FUNCTION *SIFCOOE) TO — IF**PCV. n IF MNTR * k IF XMIT * ********************ml************s PUT SYN IN *IDLE REG**********************jk ****** ***:***jp*****************j3*************SAVE PAEAN SET sSTART*• RCV /W IT OR *... ***** X CATORS*X*SET INDI** MNTR !NOES ***:***************:: ***** ****** **** :***** *K3 *.X* ****EXIT*****K3S ***55**,EXIT•** *go**Flowchart SCA06. System Library, SCAT3 Call Processing•292

INTL ***A/************* SENSE C RESET *OSW*007*8 85*• ** ••.. .8.Ell **. El* 8. B3 8. B4 *. i* .i, *. .* 8. .* 8. ****85 *********. YES .* READ 8. NO .. WRITE *. NO .* TIME 8. NO * *READY X*. RESPONSE .* X*. RESPONSE .8 X*. OUT .* X: EXIT 8S. 8. .8 *. .8 8. .. *8. .8. .* 8. .88. .* 8. .8NO 5.8* *: ES .*YES * YESR E A D!*****cl********** *****c2********** *****C3* fit******* ***** C4 * x ***** *8**. * ♦IOLOG 00184*• ERROR /8000 * *CCUNT READ CHK 8 COUNT WRITE • * -**RESET & CONT OR* *ORR IF DSW BIT * CHECK ERR IF * MONITOR 2 CN • DSW BIT 2 ON * LOG TIME OUT * * * * ***************** ***************** ***************** ** ********* ******•***02************03•8**..8 P.* READ CHAR * OMIT .88. RCAINTO BFRFUNCTION* ...*. . 8 CODE .8 .8X.8 ********************** X 8.8. .8 *008****** * MNTR • F4**009* . * ** AI* *8 r X* *****:1At n2**********XVT:* *.8 E4.8**.00184* * **** 8.*• * * OMIT .8 FUNCTION 8. *NU♦ HI *X....*. CODE .8LOG CHARACTER ***************** * * ******8.81 : 711!:"5*009*• G5** *RCVTF2 *..8 *. RCV .8 FUNCTION *. MNTR COUNT SLAVE ** CODE .8 * TIME OUT •X 8. IFCODEI .* x ** *** t. . .8.** **008**009******** ******** *** AI* 8 r XMIT * E3** 4 . 8 ** *X******008** A3*x* ******0 ***********8ERR /2000 •MONITOR OR RETRY *8** * *********** *******HI * .* 8*8**X****% * *XMTTM 85 HI *. *****H2********** * *.* 8. * 8 ....5: f,0 NT *8: 51n4s 5:5"*. .******** **** *****YES*• Flowcharts 293X***JI** ****** **** *****J2* ** ******* START FROG * * ERR /0200 TIMER INSERT *ACCEPT MONITOR ** DEW SON * • OR RETRY ■* ******* *********** *****************XZ**** ***** * 05 * * 95 8 ***** ****Flowchart SCA07. System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt Processing

%.• • * • **▪ 208* *0013*AL*A AA* Al** •% %RrA/R0AmTR0Al*. ***A2**** **** t Al 5. A4 *. *****A5 **********.5 *. .. .* 4. *. YES 8 .* CORRECT *. YES .* •. YES * *fNQ .* A START SNYC.... *. ACK .3 X*. RESPONSE TO .*.*X* CLEAR RTBSY .* • *. .3 5. MESSAGE .* * .* *. .* • **, .* ***************** ;* NO ***** * NO**** *007*. • * 135*• * R7 .... . * .• *% **•* . %XiII 3. *****R7********** 03 *. ***B4•*****•***** **•**85.********** r. *. YES * USER COUNT IS * 5. YES * • * ALTERNATE f q T .4........ X* ZFRD START 4.... NAK A.* START SYNC A* ACKNOwL.. * MONITORING *.* * . .r * ****************** X ***************** ***** ********** *** A NC ***** rt NO*009•* J1** •.*****x i *007*R CVTM % * 05*CI *. ***** c2***** ***** (3 S. *****c.****•***** • *•2 5. . ERROR /2000 .3 *. * ERROR /0400 * •.• START .. NO * MOUNT ERROR * ..* *. YES4, CHAR Rovo .4.... ***** x* MONITOR OR *.... 5. EOT :AcEBTANR .* RETRY .. .. * OR RETRY *. .. * * . 4. I .i *********•******** A *** ********* ****** YES ***** * NO *••**005* *007* * •* 85* 87 .* • • * X**** ******007*A • 05***01********** *****03********** • *ST / 0 OATS IN * ERROR /0700 * I/0 I. * *ACCEPT MONITOR **INCREMENT IN. TO ** OR RETRY *****************• •.****************•X•*****007*• 85******E1**********• ** CALCULATE RCC **WHEN NECESSARY* * ********************** *008** F4*• *•%RCVWT01 .. F4 4. ***E5***** *******.. *. .. *..4 END*. NO .5 SECT - *. YES x * WRITE TOT, •.. CHAR REVD .. 3.*. .*EOT ON .4x 4. * *2. .. ***t* 4. .*007** YES * B5. 3.*.Z0* • *•:I *****02..******** G4 4. ***G5***** *******. 3 *. YES * ERROR /11100 .* XMIT - *. YES * WRITE NAK, •.. OW ..... ***** OVERFLx*AccEPT MONITOR 4. NAK ON .4*.x.4 * OR RETRY * A 4. .* • *3. .4 . ***** *. .4** ***** * ****** *** *007**** ******** ******* NO * 85* 6.**NO. • •• X. .%% XHI A. ****•H2********** ***144 ******** ****.5 BCC *. *ALTERNATE ACKS *10100 00184*.*RCVC . ECC *. YES LSER COUNT - * WRITE CLRRENT • * **. ACCUmULATEn .4.... **** * LENGTH Rtfis y * OLE ACK, PAD X. •*. .* OAF . * * * LOG CHARACTER ** *************** ***************** ****************** NO . .******007*% * R5*****.ii********** xr * ***J5*** *********ERROR /0300 * COUNT ERROR MONITOR * NOMA. *ACC . DR RETRY * * START READ ******************. .X %*4*** **•**42 07* *007*• 85* . 85*A ** •* •Flowchart SCA08. System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt Processing• Flowcharts 293. 1

******009** AI** 5AI 5. ***AR ***** * ***** *.* EMIT - *. YES * WRIT; 40T, *5 . COT ON .5 X..**. .******************** * . NO **** *J3* *■***RI A..* *•.5 EMIT - *. YES*. NAK ON .5...... .4.*. .*X* NC ****• •• 94•* ** * • *XCI A. ***c2************* .* *.. x p I T - *.YESA S WRITE ENO t *S. CND ON .* . PAD START .....* READ * .********** ****** * I* NO ****GI • * ***********007*85******* H3***********CONTROL MODE ON***********************009* .x* J3 *.X.• * .0****RESYN X***J3 ****** * ****** END OP START *READ* **ii*ii** *************** K3 5.0**5******K3*********• EXITMOUNTA4 5..5 5..* %MIT - *. NOS. NAK .5*. .5*. .** YES*****84 *.X* *****X***EA* ****** *A.*** ***85* WRITE EDT. ** 11; Es7at *PAREgART* REAL*****55** *****s**C4* **#*******IOLOG 00184**--- ■* LOG CHARACTER ***•***•**•*•**•******. ..0* K3 * *■***01 5. 02 *. ***03****** ***** *. • * . . * * ... EMIT S. NO .. TRANS *. NO * WRITE BCC I *a. MESSAGE •* x*. END CHARS .* X. PAD START .....5 5. NEEDED .* READ * .5. •*5. .* ***************** X* YES * YES ****4*** . *009* GI • * E3 *... * *. • *. ******** XX MONRD .5.***EI******* ***** ***E2 E3 *. E4 *..■ *. .* 5. ** WRITE DATA * * WRITE OLE * .5 CONTROL *. YES .5 SOH OR 5. YES *FROM AREA FTR, PAO OR *. MODE .5 x*. STX .. X*CONTR. MODE OFF:* * * LE ETX,PAD 4 S. .* *. .5O*. .* .* * ****************** * • * * * * * ****** * * * ** NO * NO: **a* : 14**. * * . . * •„X* GI . ..X* K3 * *.X ).,* *****X*********FI*********:F3 5. F4 5..* *. .* •S.*uPDATI POINTERS*NO*:* TURN - S. NO .5 POLL CR S.COUNTS ...*. AROUND . * SELECT RIND .4.* INDICATORS *. *. S. .*S. .** *:***************:X 5. .5 5. .5*009***** * YES * YES• 05***** * •*K3 G1 5.9* * . * **** .****XMONTM*****G1**********G3.*. *. ***G4 * i **** * ******IOLOG 001B4..* S..* *. NOS. EOT .5... * sii4T"NiiE **CONTROL MODE OF** LOG CHARACTER *.5 * *. .********************* ********** **a* YES•* *****..X• K3 *****w ****H s *********** COMENIATOR* ******* ***********Flowchart SCA09. System Library, SCAT3 Interrupt Processing• 293.2

SEAL...•.A1ENTRYARK)•• ENTRY••SART....•43•ENTRYA4• CLEAR I/U ••BUFFER IF WRITE.OPERATION ••• •• 84 •.X• B5 *...• ••• SET TO SYPASS•Sf10 ON 4ESTART•CISAVE ADDRESS OFLIVE CALLS FORSuRSECFANTENTRIES0/SAVE TRACEDEVICE ANDPRECIS101INITIALIZE FORREAD02.•YES . • NEW •.• OVERLAYB3 B4 ..• ...•INITIALIZE FUR .. EXIT TU . .. YESWRITE .. CONTINUE .... ..• .. ..• NOB5RESET READINDICATOR AND •X BUFFER FULLINDICATOR • ;81.C5 •.X•SFOEV•C2C5• SETO •..••C4.. EVER*. NO • DISPLAY ERROR • • RESET BUFFER... INITIALIZED X F000 • RETURN POINTER.. .. • • . ... . •.. ..• YES•001•• D4•002•5E3615 X • El•D4....D3•EXIT TO LEXIT •SET UP DISPLAY •IN SKELETON • FOON AND WAIT• SUPERVISOR• NO• ••5/. 1)10 X• ..*E2INITIAL NO• ENTRY ..• YESRETURN TOPAINLINEGI••••• SET igaRVOR •x••• •X• JI •• SAVE FORMAT• STMT LOC AND• GET DEVICE• NURSER•E2XNO UNIT NOVALID .•• YESX02 .*. ..NO VALID • •• FOR READ ORWRITEHI• YESSET UP BUFFERSIZE AND ZEROCOUNT1111,*. , •: '4 :-..... i••••J/••. J2.• ...1T UP ERROR : NO .. DEVICE •*.F001 •X • SURE LOADED ..... ... .. ..• YES..R• D4K2CLEAR I/OCUFF ER5E390E3 • .. E4 ... E5. . .... IS THIS . .. YES .. • ERROR • *. YES.0•. A WRITE ...... .. FOOL. F008 .• X•SET F001 SWITCH:.. ... .... .. .. • •.. X• NO •••• ....NO.... . • •001• •• 115 F3 0.X. • •• . . ........X.!.F3F4 .. F5SET EXIT .. • •ADDRESS TO ERROR .. NO *CLEAR BUFFER IF.CONTINUE AFTER • F002 READ • I/0 .. . ... .. • •• YES•001• .• G3 •.X.• • .SFD40 XG3•••••••••STORE EXIT• ADDRESSK3.X........•• CLEAR I/O•BuFFER IF READ• OPERATION•G4• UPDATE FORMAT ...• POINTER •••003••.1(!•4•GOTO I/O DEVICE..........k SUBROUTINE•••G5••EXIT TO CALLER • xXF110H3H4 .. H5 . ..SET COUNT OF. • ERROR • *. NO ... ERROR • .. YESCHARACTERS TI] .. F003,5,6,7 .. X.. r009READ OR WRITE.. .. .. .... .. *. .... .■ X• YES • NO•003•..C3.XXJ3 ..J9.•. • F001 .. YES • UPDATE BUFFER •• ERROR SW .... POINTER X•SET FAC TO ZERO:SET 0. • .NO ...•B4.003.•Flowchart FI001. System Library, FORTRAN Non-disk I/O294

.002. .002w• 04* %AY.•SIDIX SIOF SIOAI 5E125 ii SF122 %...••04 5....A/ ....AZ .H•A3 • • •• ENTRY • • • NON • . • SET BUFFER •• SUBSCRIPTED • • SUBSCRIPTION • • ARRAY . BUFFER : •POINTER START-1.• VARIABLE • • VARIABLE • • • COUNT SPECIFIED. • •• •....• ••B4 ..X• • .....1.Xit." • •X x A4 01 82 a3 84 • •• SET UP • SET UP • •SET UP ADDRESS . • "II.• DISPLACEMENT • •DISPLACEMENT OF• ••OF FIRST ELT, • • INCREMENT •ARRAY• AurAns: A UT : : TY4 n't Y : . SET UP•FORMAT• SIZE •POINTER • .• ARRAY SIzE TO 1. • • • • • • ẋ•••••••• • •.002. El4. C4 • •X • • .CI•ADD BASE •ADDRESS5E170 ▪•....C4• INCREMENT.FORMAT POINTER• •••••••• 03••••••••X • ••••• .002*02 :..: • 04..X..... % 4101.0X SF150SF175DI 02 03 *.. D4SET UP . . .. •STORE ADDRESS, • • NON-D/GIT • .. FORMAT .. • [NCR REPEATARRAY SIZE, COUNT. 1 . 2, • .. TYPE .. • COUNTER BY 1EXIT ADDRESS F.3, E • 7 .. ...• • .. .. •NY•El •.X003 A4SF100..•003 A4El . .... E2 .. E4 .• ..o. .0. .1. ....I 003 A3 .. ...• REDO *. YES .. TYPE E •.. NO.. ALL .. YESo. INDICATOR ...... •. OR F ....A 003 RI •. REPEATS .•....SET .. .. .. .. DONE ... .. .• . .• ....X 002 A4 .. .•XX• NO ....YES ....H 003 Al • NO .....•001•• F3. ....7 002 A5 : 04• •....SLSH 002 G4%so..X ....G.R 002 C4Fl F2 F4• • . ....F.R...002 04 • :• STORE DECIMAL • • BACKSPACE ••CLEAR WORK AREA. WIDTH IOW ....RE00..002 H4 ...•FORMAT POINTER •• •• .•X ••......* .....X• El •002.• • G4 4....• •XSEIM•• XGI G2 G4•• GET WORD FROM • • STORE TOTAL • SET REDO• FORMAT • • FIELD WIDTH • INDICATOR• STATEMENT . . •IWO/x xHI 4.. H2 .4. . ..FORMAT .. ......, TYPE .. NO .. TYPE .. NO * *E.F. OR I ...... .. E.F,I,A. OR ......X. D3 ... .. X .. • •.. .. .. .. 11.00*.. .. X• YES *m.o. • YES• •. 02 •%it...*DO02.H.H4RESET FORMATPOINTER• 0 0 1 •• C5.• •Jl•• ARRAYw. NO• COUNT IS 0J•REW2 BUFFER •• ihMRY8R :• YES ••••• •D2 •40.0.. .K2 4.. K3 K4 ....-*•.K1• • .* 4...aka• .. BUFFER .. YES • SET UP ERROR . .. ARRAY .. YES•RETURN TO M.L. • •. OVERFLOW .• X. F002 * *. COUNT ZEROX•RETURN TO M.L.• . • 4.. ..• NO• NO• . .001.• D3 • • 04*• • • • •.001•• C5.• •Flowchart FI002. System Library, FORTRAN Non-disk I/OFlowcharts 295

•003*• A/o• •.0*.*•003•.003•• A3. • 44.* • ••SF140AI•••*•5E1 DATA PT AS• NEXT FORMAT• LOCATION•••••00l•Bl...X5E1730 •• X PI...* .....• SET UP CHARS'PER win FROM ATYPE. SPECIFICATIONSF205A3 *.YES INTEGER...*. DATANOXX03.•SET UP ERROR •E0090▪ 03•5E210A4NO REAL ..•001.•• 04.X.•• YLS5E185CIWRITE • 0. YES• FUNCTION• NOSF220 ...••C2••NOVE DATA FROM ••..X•STORAGE TO I/C *•• BUFFER•▪X5E3505F430C3 C 4•READ NU 'CONVERT NUMBER..X.. FUNCTIONX. FOR OUTPUTYESDI...*• •••••lvE DATA FROM •• 1/0 BUFFER TO •. STORAGE •'El 0.••M . NUFORMAT M3 •• YES.002.• EL.• •5E355 X5E590D3D4 *. D5INPUT AND .• •CONVERT WW• DATA *. YES • PACK BUFFER CHARS FROM . .. EXCEED .. X• FIELD WITH •BUFFER *. SPECS. . 0 ASTERISKS • •. .E3 .. E4. • . •ERROR .. YES • OUTPUT NUMBER ••,. • F003.5.6. ...... • TO BUFFEROR 7 .. ... •• NO 11-11...•11.4. "001.0003" • 04•. F3 • * 0 ..X. K3 •• •.•..•5E320. ••.X SCOMPF3. ... .•F4"STORE NUMBER IN.FAG •WRITE COMPLETE•NO• • • •..X• K3 •• ***...001.• 04.• •. .03 ... G4 ..0.YES .* ERROR .. .. • REDO .. YES• FOD4 .. IND ON .... .. X.. .. .*.. .0 0. .. •001.• NO • NO .G3*• •FIX DATA03YES *. IS DATA• INTEGERX• NOH4 *.• LAST *.FORMAT NO•.SPECIFICATION.•• SLASHYES•001.•..G••STORE DATA IN • •LIST ELEMENT • •RETURN TO M.L. ••• • •003•K3 •.XJ3 * .....• • • •SF3X K3DECREMENT LIST .ADDRESS BY DATA.TYPE. LOWERARRAY COUNT I ••002•• El•• •Flowchart FI003. System Library, FORTRAN Non-disk I/O296

.Y.4• A2 • • A3 •CAROZX C1270 XC126;•••A2A3A....A1SET PREVIOUS •• ••ENTRY VIA LIBF •SET UP FOROPERATION ••WAIT AT LOC /8E•CARD/WRITE IOCCINDICATOR TOX.WITH A DISPLAY •CURRENTOF /1000 OPERATION •• ••11.4.•• •82 *.X• •X1CZ200C2240 XX..B1.•..... B2.... .....83INITIALIZEYES .• • READ •. READ/WRITE• START READER •PREVIOUSYES..... OPERATION .• IDCC, CLEARPUNCH•• OPERATION • .•....•LAST INDICATORREAD■•••XNONO....• •• .• C2•• C2 ..XC2260 ••• xCIC 2 C3'....C5 ..•HOLEZ 013AI.•• .. OPERATION •. NUNOERROR ..• CONVERT EBC * • SENSE DEVICE •.. COMPLETE....SWITCH SET•CARDS TO . • • ..INTERRUPT..• HOLERITH • ..• YES• YES•••.x.. .DI .. 02 .. D3 .. 0405 ..•01 *... PREVIOUS .. YES .. NO .. .. YES • SET ERRORCOLUMN YESOPERATION ....... READY ...... .. ERRORSWITCH▪ READWRITE. .. ..•XXNO •. .... •. YES .11"• • NO• NO.... • .• •• ṃ . GI • Fl • .X .. C2.El .X • • . .• • .... ....••••••... C( T(C221 0 [1 XE2*. E4E5• 03• SET UP FOR• .. YES .. LAST .. YES • SET (LAST wRITE IOCC .. ERROR ...... .. CARD .. X. INDICATOR •FEED CARD.. ..• •.. .. • •NO• NOA5 •..X. 02 • X • •..0: C2 :*ow. .0• X ....• A3 .C2330Fl ......• ... .....F4. • . F3.•WAIT AT LOC I2A. •.. //BLANK .... YES • CLEAR //BLANK •.WITH DISPLAY OF.X..... TEST SWITCH .. X• TEST SWITCH •• /1000 . .. SET ..•..•.. ....11... . NC.... • •• • FL .GI .... • • .• • .4... 0•••X• • • •CZ220 xGI G3 .. G4 • .... .....•G5• SET // BLANK .* READ .. YES •• FIRST .. YES . •TEST SWITCH .. OPERATION X.. .• THREE CHAR •• X. CALL EERIE •*. .. //BLANK .• • ••• .1,•NO• NO• A5CZ230El..X • SENSE DEVICE...H3• RETURN TO • .. READ .. NO. CALLER • OPERATION•X. .JI .. 14... ... •HOLEZ 013AI. • • LAST • . NU • • •CARD......X. A2 • CONVERT ROLL. •*. .... • • TO EBCDIC •A...•. o o.• YESYESXEl••• •01• FEED LAST CARD •X...K4• RETURN TO •CALLER•Flowchart FI004. System Library, CARDZFlowcharts 297

..Al....A; .... ao•• COLUMN • • OP-COMPLETE ••INTERRUPT ILS00••INTERRUPT ILSO4.• • • •CZ400 81 .. B2.. .. • SET TO RE •CZ/I0 B3 ........ //BLANK . . YES • FIRST THREE •. TEST SWITCH ..........X• . CARD COLUMNS •.RiENEIPRREPT.SET .. • INTO SPECIAL • • AND SAVE •*. .. • BUFFER ••• NOCI•• INCREMENT I/O •BUFFER ADDRESS • •C; ...... 04.0• SET OPERATION• COMPLETE• INTERRUPT• SWITCH•I • •01 •m a n******• SENSE DSW TO • •RESET INTERRUPT• ••RETURN TO ILSO4••El• READ OR PUNCH •ONE COLUMN• •• ••RETURN TO ILS00.• •Flowchart FI005. System Library, CARDZ •298

F4• •A4 :..:PRNTZ % Al240••• %AZ300 ••• ZA2 A3A4....A••ENTRY I VIA LIBF • . SET SPACE • • • •PRNTZ COUNT.' FOR START PRINTER •START CARRIAGE• • SINGLE SPACE • • • ••• A3A5CLEAR PRINT •SCAN BRIEFER •AZ200 X x AZ245 xB1 2 B3 14• •. .••INITIALIZE SCAN. •START CARRIAGE ••CLEAR INTERRUPT.CLEAR CHANNEL•CT=49.10LECT • 18 SPACE• SWITCH •x• 12 SNITCH• •• ••. ••:B5DECREMENT SCAN COUNTER •AZ210XCI .C2..... .• • .. DOUBLE .. NOSENSE DEVICE *. SPACE .....• • .. REQUEST ..X XXAZ250• YESC3YES•CHANNEL *.1 FOUND•• NO....c*INTERR 4 UPT FROM •• ILSO1 •• •• •C5• SCAN •COUNT .CT.0• YESXD1FORMS NOCHECK• YESAZ270 El• ••NAIT AT LOC /2A•...•wITH DISPLAY OF./6000 • •AZ220D2INCREMENT SPACECOUNT BY 1• •• E2 •.X• .EPSHARBUI ND3IDL.. SCANS •NO••.COMPLETE.....E3• YES• EXIT TO CALLER •AZ100D4• SENSE DEVICE •WITH RESET AND• SAVE DSW •YESSKIP..... RESPONSE• •• H3 •F3XXFI61 Z0114;*.• XFl F2 ..E3• LD CONTROL .. CHARACTER . ... . '.....•. YESCHARACTER • .. COUNT ...... .. .., •• SPA CE DECR CTR.... ....• NO YES ...... .. RESPONS• SPACE ..•.. .GT.1 .•.. CT :=0yEs.,,•. . . ••. • . •%V• NO .... ..... • NO.A3 F3 .• • . • •....XZAZ230Z AZ130G/ .•. •. G2 G3 G4• OR CHANNEL 12... E JEC• PGET • .. YES • SENSE DEVICE ••AX.. SPACE PRINTER • x: CHANNEL 12*. REQUEST .. • • • • • SWITCHZ• NO MO• •..• A4 • •• • 4.H3..14*••••X•••• X*.H1 .. H2 .••.••*. H3 ... H4 ...... ..• .*.. SUPPRESS •• .. YES .. .. YES .. CHANNEL .. NO .. EMITTER • .. YESSPACE ...... .. CARRIAGE ....X I .. INTERRUPT ....... REQUEST . . .. ... BUSY .. .. .. • .. ...Z .. .. ••• .. .• NO .... • NO• YES. .ENO.•: E2 :....X ZJI .. J2 . J3.• CHANNEL ... YES .. • SPACE *. NO • •12 SWITCH ...... .. COUNT.0 .....STOP CARRIAGE... SET 0. .. ..• •.. .. ..■%• .110 ••••• YES• •• A4 •Z ..... ....XAZ195K3:EXIT TO CALLER •* NOAZ/5005•READ EMITTER •• •XS•SCAN E BUFFER FOR:EMITTED CHAR, SET BITS IN PRINT SCAN •• BUFFER••.•F5• •:RETURN TO ILSOI.• •G5••DECREMENT IDLECOUNTER• H5. .NO.IDLECOUNT ZERO..:ESJ5• STOP PRINTER •• •XK5•••••K4 SET INTERRUPT • SET INTERRUPT • SWITCH TO • x•RETURN TO ILSOI•X •SWITCH TO IDLE CHANNEL 1 FOUND .:SCANS COMPLETE •• •Flowchart F1006. System Library, PRNTZFlowcharts 299

RAPT!..•.AI+ENTRY VIA LIEF• PAPT2..x • START READER •• Az • •• •62 ..X•••••XX62200 . . BZ220SI •. 82YESWRITEFUNCTION▪ A4x62400 •A2 Ai A4•SET UP FOR: . • PUNCH •• NOUPPER CASE •. READY .•..•.• CONVERSIONX• •• YES .•••• •• .• • • Fl •21 133• •• •• • •••••INTERRUPT • NOSWITCHSET83 84SET UP FOR.• NL NOLOWER CASE SWITCH SETCONVERSION ••.FOR EXIT ••Nn• YES• •••••• • YFS4 • • Ft •• C3 •...• ••SET CHAR COUNT . •CLEAR INTERRUPT.•TO MAXIMUM FOR • • SWITCHREAD • • •1 C21.0/0-0C3•• CONVERT •• ACCORDING•cASE• STORE IN •• REEFER••••C4• RETURN TOCALLER•• 01. •02•INCRENENT CHAR YES . •. • • . .WRITE •.'COUNT BY 1 FOR • ..... FUNCTIONNL CHAR • . •• • .• ........... ........ X.... • NO• •• A4 •• •....03 ...... 441.•• INCREMENT• BUFFER ADR..DECREmENT CHARCOUNT•04 • .•• CASE*. YES• SWITCH SETNOEl••SET NL NO EXIT• OUTPUT CASE• SHIFT•• SENSE DEVICEEzCHARACTERF2•• UPPER YESCASE CHAR 'E3CHAR NOXYES• . •. • • • FL •..x. K2 •• • •••••• ••E4* •• DECREMENT •• CHARACTER COUNT.• •• •F4YES .0 • CHAR ..••••. COUNT 0 ..Fl• NO••••X• xGI .. G2.. G3G4• • • ••PTTC/A AND SAVE•• •WRITE •./. YES .. LOWER .. YES SET NL SWITCH ••.•CONVERT CHAR TO.FUNCTION .•.... •. CASE CHAR .•...• • FOR EXIT .x.... ..x .. .. X• Nn .... • NO ....• •• A4 • • K1 •. • •%••••%HI .. H2.. . H3..• H4READER .. YES .. DELETE .. YES . SET UP TO YES .. CAS...READY .... CHAR •ouTPUT NL CHAR • • CHANGE .... .*..REDUIRED .0X..X.••.•. •• .• A2 •• El •.• Jl •.x. 4 • ..X• K4•00.. .... • •X.1....• NU •••• •.NO .... . NO•: X ••••AZ350 mi. X 62450 61430 x...• •.11 22...... J3.•'WAIT AT LOC /20. .. NO • SET TO OUTPUT...•WITH DISPLAY OF. CLEAR CASENL CHAR ...... • PROPER CASE •0.. • SWITCH LOAD• /3000 CHAR • • CHARACTER• •• • •bZ300X• YES ........ . 4 • . M.. •. K4• C3 • • •• K2 ..X. x • ..X• K4.•• •.X••••• ••••••• %• ••••• ••••Kz....K4*•KI• YES//BLANK NO • • •LOLL REMIT 10( • RECORD READ ..X• RETURN•• PUNCH CHARACTERNO..X• 82 •Flowchart F1007. System Library, PAPTZ300

READ/ R/060"...Al.,..•A3•ENTRY VIA LIBF • •INTERRUPT FROM •READZ • . ILSO4• • •XRZ100O1SENSE DEVICE*..•.B3• •• SET INTERRUPT •• SWITCH ••CI ..DEVICE •.. NOREADY ..* YESC2C3••WAIT AT LOC /2A. • SENSE DEVICE •X•WITH DISPLAY OF* WITH RESET/4000 •••XDID4• SET UP IOCC. • • SET ILSO4 •• PLACE WORD • .. YES * INTERRUP EXIT .+COUNT IN FRONT • ERROR X. TO RETURN TO •• OF I/O BUFFER • RZ100• • •NCElREAD CARD•RI090E4•••WAIT AT LOC /BE*+WITH DISPLAY OF*/4000• •02110▪01XINTERRUPT NOSWITCHSET• .••YESRZ070•/ETURN TO ILSO4•XGI• •.RESET INTERRUPT.• SWITCH ••.Hi ..* .. ...•I-12//BLANK .. YES • •CONTROLX. CALL $EX1T •..READ CARD.• •.. ..• ..• NOXJl•HOLEZ 01301•• CONVERT •HOLLERITH• RAPPER TO BBCX.*.K1• RETURN TO •CALLER ••Flowchart FI008. System Library, READZFlowcharts 301

• A2 •12300 X 12100 72400•••••02••••AL••• ...... *...A3 ••••A4•ENTRY VIA LIRE • . CONVERT EBC • •INTERRUPT FROM • • TEST DEVICE •wRTY2 • • CHAR TO • • ILSO4 • READY •• . •TyPEwRITER CODE. • • • •T1.200 X TI330 X XHI •• .•••132 83 84•T2400 00904••000E CHARACTER • • SENSE DEVICE •CHECK X OR CONTROL WITH RESET •• SENSE DEVICE . TYPEWRITER • • • • • •• READY •XXCL.STORE CHARACTER• COUNT- LOAD ••CARRIER RETURNCHAR •12340C2NO .• INTERRUPTSWITCHSET ..C3XSET INTERRUPTSWITCHG4•• DEVICE .. NO • WAIT AT /2AREADY X• DISPLAY /2000 •• YESYES.....02 X• ...D3 ..•.04•CLEAR INTERRUP • .•• SWITCH •RETURN TO ILSO4• • RETURN • ••....E2T2400 00904•itCHECKTYPEWRITERREADY. .F? ..... . ,....• ALL .. ND • .• CHARACTERS .•. . . . X. A2 •OUTPUT .. 0 41-.. .. ...... ..• YES...G2• RETURN TO •• CALLERFlowchart F1009. System Library, WRTYZ302

EINZMSId `A.reaqn uta3sAs • OI 011 3retromot3• •• Ev :x • • • • •831N1bd 31VdS2 3•70511 01 0011130•• 7H...•IION ••ASEIG 6.• • 39010800•530-• orX . 0107M•••••••11,45.1.• EV •* 10 • . • •1.... 501 • ••••IX. I530008 -. •0111.0 • "°.' 11VdS '. I 1NH3 01 dIXS •••• 01 N811138 • ON '. 011000EH....+0 . •• ZH /H••••••O.• EH•••••••53A•00311'•001IMS ".alaidwoa•11000000000313.". 8d3SNVH1 DN+070 •.....00ON •03831000003▪ *****01 53A'.13NNV111+0 •01 20•ON •ON •Asne•000101100 .•"• S3A• 10XX03110021 1301101 135.• 3811 1N18d•030 153E1038.' 31IASS3A•5S3110305111111151 11013 1AS13:9in3 nif,111R3r51S3A •+0 03831010g N/1:•1ON^N•6.13NNVH.'73•ON ••.001105 3131080D•• 83350081 135 •• •£3.O .. •M 135 • 3000 81d 0071 •1. • 0011MS • I '0" . 01 110003 WD04.1000000 0 511, 833000 1830N01•...70 • 0001170 X 50E7M• . •• • EH *• • •If )....ON • S%,.... .4..e •'... 31310005' ..• I ". •83300081 '.53A '. .'*:. Iii.51;14NS 0.:* (1; *▪•X00E7MONis3floam39Vd• 113E3 ••• 530▪••• 8110010011081NO3 nvol•00530000311311130 "" • ON• ZO•X. MS 03811N003N321 1010 00110•1300070• •• 0000/ •X . 00 AVldSIG 011M•.02/ 301 10 1100.• •130617M• • •13538 01100310140 30005 • M50 3SN3S , **• 301030 30835 • • ••• 70511 •• 11080 Larmaainn•78 EG 0900170.610.411• •EV •ON ..!.xsne0 • 30018001 'OC" 71180 •S3A 1811 VIA A8103.• EV •XX: ": EVX0007000000 758d

PACES PNCHZ P2080••••Al ....82 ...DA4.INTERRUPT FROM • •ENTRY VIA LIBF • •INTERRUPT FROM •ILSOD • PNCHZ • . ILSO4• • • • • •P1100xB1 B2 H4.HOLEZ 013A1..SENSE DSM METH .SENSE DOW WITH •RESET •CONVERT BUFFER :RESET• • +EBCDIC TO HOLL • • •........ 441.1.1.P2200P2120CI..•* ....... C2 X•• • LOAD STARTINGPUNCH A COLUMN •BuFFER ADDRESS X........C4 44.• 4, YESERROR•• NOPZ090C 5•• SETUP ILSOI •..X•RETURN TU PZ120.16:441• 11• C5 •01.41.4 ....INCREMENT TONEXT BUFFERLOCATIONXD2• SET ROUTINE.BUSY IND CLEAR• LAST CAROSWITCH•0 5WAIT AT RE •DISPLAY /1000•4....E1.... .....+RETURN TO 1E000••XE2SENSE DSW •Es.. •• LAST .. YES • SET LAST CARD.... CARD .. + SWITCH...+. ..• NOFl.... ....... F2YES •LAST• FEED LAST CARD •% CARD.66,•R•11.6P••46.•XX• NOF4 *.FEED *. YES • •• CHECK C5 •6 . • •. 6 6.• NU•G2SENSE DOWG4•CLEAR BUSY• INDICATOR•X02 . 44. 3. • . •DEVICE *. NO • WAIT AT 2A •... READY X. DISPLAY /1000 .. .■ ... .* • •• YES1.4...•I14X•RETURN TU ILSO4•• START PUNCH •OPER.X.K24.4.44A3YES .• ROUTINE NO •BUSY IND .4. X• RETURNSET .44•Flowchart FI011. System Library, PNCHZ304

TYPEZ*82220A2•KZ4003KZ100.... • A1 .. ....ENTRY VIA LW ....A4.• READ *. YES• INTERRUPT FROM TYPEZ • ..x.. FUNCTIONX.SELECT KEYBOARD .• •ILSO4••..,.. .. .....•• • NO• A2 • .• • 82 :.X •KZ200 82230••• X xEl B2 B4• • . •INITIALIZE • •CONVERT ONE E8C•• COUNT BUFFER .• SET INTERRUPT •• TO TYPEWRITER • •0CGURRED SWITCH.. SETUP RESTART • CODE •. . • •X 80260C.....C2K2600I 012E4*TYPE ONE •TEST DEVICE • ••.. X • CHARACTER ORREADY• CONTROL •C4•SENSE INTERRUPT.WITH RESET SAVE• •80210 001SET BUFFER •ADD WD CNT. •ENTER CAR.• RETURNXKZ300• •• 02 •• •D2XXNO.• •INTERRUPT • .•X....• 02 •YETYES.....D4 •*RETURN TO ILSO4••E2••• CLEAR INTERRUPT.*OCCURED SWITCH •KI500E3•K2600 012E4••. " :TEST I/ DEVICE :•K2600...••E4• TEST READYX XF2F3F4•NODECREMENTCHARACTER COUNT.SENSE OSW• • •• KEYBOARD .......RESPONSE•• YESXG2 G3.•... 04°... . .•READ CHARACTER • NO .•• ALL .. YES .. DEVICE •• • •INTO BUFFER ..... CHARACTERS .. ..... READY ..x...... G4 •• • . ..PROCESSED.. • •••••I 1.... • YES •••• • NOX• •A2 . • J4 ••.... •......X• XH4...w3YES ...•RESTART.... • • RETURN TO • • WAIT AT 2AREQUEST .. • CALLER • DISPLAY /2000.. •X •• NO 11,1••. •. G4 . .• • J4 ....• •X....JI J2'.... R•HOLEZ 013A1.NO . .. ....J4• END OF .4*.CONVERTS :X LINE RETURNCHARACTERS IN ••..CHARACTER..• BUFFER TO E8C • •. ....X. 82 •• YES•. K2• ....83.14011E BLANK INTO. • RETURN TO •BUFFER X. CALLER• •.x•Flowchart F1012. System Library, TYPEZFlowcharts 305

HOLE/'ENTRY VIA LEAF •HOLEZ• ••.STORE. CHARACTERCOUNT•EA•SETUP HOLLERITH• TO EBCDICDID2•. READ NO • SETUP CONVERT• FUNCTION .. X. ADC TO HOLL• • YESHZ100El•• CONVERT AND..X* RESTORE INTO• BUFFERXFl• INCREMENT •• BUFFER*DECREMENT COUNT..GINC .• ALLCHARACTERS..CONVERTED,• YES• • •HIvEsREAD•FUNCTION• NO•PUB PUNCH STOP'LAST CHARACTER•• It CTURN TO• CALLERFlowchart FI013. System Library, HOLEZ306

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******504*• Al.*****A1***•**•***RIFT ERROR INDIC*▪* ON EVEN TO **FORTE CARD SKIP** *...***** ******* ****** ***** * * *A2 Al * * ** 5 * **'I.***;;••***A7*•*** ***** A3 5.. SET PUNCH COL • .4. A.* MCC ATOP TO .5 IS P. NO• A p OR - I OF * 5. FUNCTION .....*DATA WORD WITH . P. PUNCH .5• 17 BIT * 5. .5******* *********** YES* LOAD ACC WITH •5/000/ FEED OR *A PUNkl CHECK *• ERROR CODE **** ********** *A**CR71A CRIB *****132****•*****X*****B1**********•a84 *****•** *. INCREMENT I/0 * • CONVERT PUNCH • BRANCH TO •Ann,/ IN COL • * IOCC TO FEED *• USER'S ERROR •* /orr* !MCA SUBR.:►** ***** ***************004*. CI *.X****CA44 *****cl***■******* DECREMENT IRS *•.*RY l L STORE IN*• $PRET**.m.***. * *AA*****•.X.•. CR22*****D1**********CR62 ***** 03.*********CR73E X... * n7* *******D4 5..• 5. • • SST 001 TO ** *RETURN FROM *NO .5 • SPRFT I *IS *.*INTERRUPT LEVEL*■SET ERROR 'NOM**'MOM.••*• FUNCTION0*.5 *ON ODD TO FORCE******** ********• *. PUNCH .5 CARD SKIP' *:*************S.*** • .* * ***********X;******003*. H4■******0(14** El •* *rR54 ******Fi*.*SENSE 1447 DSw *WITH RESET• LEVEL n ********************c2**** ****** **FXFC/JU I (41. I/0*******E3***■******EJECT LAST CARO •A****• r X* 03 *.X*E3 a..* a... WAS •S. YES *SENSE 1442 DSW a*. ERROR IIC ND .5....WITHOUT RESET*.ON E ODD5•***.5 . *A.*.**004* *. .5. i* F2*****5 * *55* *. NO * *** E4* Fl :.X:.* it • .**** ****** a• CS *...**A* iCR738 .5.C4 A. C5.5P.P. .* READ *..• USER •S. YES .* STATION •S. YES* SET ACC TO .•.... 5. FEEDS. ZERO .A . *. CHECK .**. .* 5. .•X •. .*• NO A*** * NO* a. • F3 • .*44* * YES** CS * ** * E4 •.X X* Xt*5*CR77 XCR60 ; CR64"" •******F2** ****** ***CR75*****F3 ****** X* *ft* f4*. .A .* S.*SENSE 1442 11544 ** LOAD ACC WITH •* RESET THIS • .5 NOT 5. YESWITH RESET *SUBROUTINE BUSY*•. READY BIT .5* LEVEL 4 5X:1122t040124":. IN **. ON .** A S. .* * ********* ******** *5**S. *O .N•X*****G1**********G7 5. G 04****.• •.* S. • 5 .5 A.■ DECREMENT COL **SPST4 A.5 FAROE P. YES * DECREMENT *• COUNTER By I ■ 5.NO .* ERROR *. 5------------•CHECK SIT . 4,.... *S IOCT. MONITOR . ...*. INDICATORP..5 ON .* A *PAUSE FOR POST *...I/0 COUNTER * . a.S. .* ON .5 • - OP ERROR A* r5.*****************.a *;*;* NO A.*• • **** * YESa .* Ill * j4 *• • * ..**** .1 *•*••1(CR61 CR66MI A.;H2 5. ;.** *.a. ****H3 ****** * * *.* ANY P. YES.* LAST P. No RETURN FROM * *•*ADDITIONAL .*S. CARD BIT ON .5....INTERRUPT LEVEL* X....*.COL LEFT .*FEED A CARD •4.. .** 4 A *P. .* ****** **M.!**XYES . NO**•** * *•*.• 03 * a A* A***a• J4 *. ... a5,(FRI6 X X*****JI•********* *****J2 **********CR73 ****. . *a a* INCREMENT COL * * SET ACC TO **RESTORE COUNT E•• I/O ADDS IN A • / 0000 LAST •*• Torr. *I/0 ADDR FOR **CARD ERROR COORS* * RETRY *. * .************.****• .***** ******** ***A...** *X3 *...* *5 * *4 .CR6IAcp70 x*****R1********** **K2******* *****B1* *********. .0R • IN STOP * * * * •*PUNCH MT 12 TN* . *RANCH TO a *SAVE FEED CHECK** DATA OF NEXT * . USER'S ERROR * * BIT INDIC ** cot /1 PUNCH * SUSR * * * A• SAYE IN SUFIS * * .***************** • • * • • ****** * ******* 4******•*. .X X**** • *** ****4 * * • * •12 * Al . * A4 ** * • • ••*** **** *A** •* REINITIATE *DESIREO I/0• FUNCTION •Flowchart FIO1 7. System Library, PNCH1X306.4

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APPENDIX A. EXAMPLES OF FORTRAN OBJECT CODINGThis appendix shows, by example, the Assembler by the FORTRAN Compiler. A typical cross-sectionLanguage equivalent for the object coding generated of FORTRAN statements is shown.Source CodingObject CodingObject CodingWith Trace*Arithmetic Statements - real, integer, and mixed modesI=JLD L JSTO L ILIBF SIARDCA =BLIBF FLDDCLIBF FSTODC ALIEF SFARA=ILD L ILIBF FLOATLIBF FSTODC ALIBF SFARI=ALIBF FLDDC ALIBF IFIXSTO L ILIBF SIARDCI=K-MLD L KS L MSTO L ILIBF SIARDCA=I-BLD L ILIBF FLOATLIBF FSUBDCLIBF FSTODC ALIBF SFAR* The period in this column indicates that the generated coding is the same as in the Object Coding column. Trace refers to Arithmeticor Transfer Trace, whichever is applicable.Appendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 307

Object CodingSource Coding Object Coding With TraceA =B-ILD L ILIEF FLOATLIEF FSBRDCLIBF FS TOLIBF SFARDC AA =B+I -JOr(A =I+13-f)LD L ILIBF FLOATLIBF FADDDCLIBF FS'TODC GT1LD L JLIBF FLOATLIBF FS BRDC GT1LIBF FS TOLIEF SFARDC AI=J*KLD L JM L KSLT 16STO L ILIBF SIARDCA -43* CLIBF FLDDCLIBF FMPYDCLIBF FS'TOLIBF SFARDC AA =B*ILD L ILIBF FLOATLIBF FMPYDCLIBF FSTOLIBF SFARDC A308

Object CodingSource Coding Object Coding With TraceI=J / KLD L JSRT 16D L KSTO L ILIBF SIARDCA=B / CLIBF FLDDCLIBF FDIVDCLIBF FSTODC ALIBF SFARI=J / (K+M)LD L KA L MSTO 3 +126LD L JSRT 16D 3 +126STO L ILIBF SIARDC1=A / JLD L JLIEF FLOATLIBF FDVRDC ALIEF IFIXSTO L ILIBF SIARDCI=J**KLD L JLIEF FIXIDCSTO L ILIEF SIARDCAppendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 309

Object CodingSource Coding Object Coding With TraceA =B**ILIBF FLDDCLIBF FAX"DCLIBF FSTC)DC ALIBF SFARA =B**CLIBF FLDDCCALL FAXBDCLIBF FSTODC ALIBF SFARA=i**BLD LLIBF FLOATCALL FAXBDCLIBF FSTC,DC ALIBF SFARA=B**(I+J)LD L IA L JSTO L GT1LIBF FLDDCLIBF TAXIDC GT1LIBF FSTODC ALIBF SFARA=B**(C+D)LIBF FLDDC CLIBF FADDDCLIBF FSTODC GT1LIBF FLDDC310

Object CodingSource Coding Object Coding With TraceCALL FAXBDC GT1LIBF FSTOLIEF SFARDC AA =B+C -(2**D*E -F)/GLIBF FLDDCLIBF FADDDCLIBF FSTODC GT1LD L ADR1LIBF FLOATCALL FAXBDCLIBF FMPYDCLIBF FSUBDCLIBF FDIVDCLIBF FSBRDC GT1LIBF FSTOLIBF SFARDC AADR1 DC 2Arithmetic Statements - Subscripted ExpressionsA(I)=B(I,J)+C(I,j)LIBF SUBSCDC SGT1DC value D4 for array ADCDC value D 1 for array A (see Note 1)LIBF SUBSCDC SGT2DC value D4 for arrays B and CDCAppendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 311

Source Codin .g. Object CodingObject CodingWith TraceDC value D , for arrays B and CDCDC value D 1 for arrays B and C (see Note 1)LIBF FLDXDCLIBF FADDXDCLDX II SGT1LIBF FSTOXDC ALIBF SFARXJ, K) LIBF SUBSCDC SGT1DC value D I for array LDCDC value D 3 for array LDCDC value D array LDCDC value D for array L (see Note 1)LD Li LSTO L MLIBF SIARDC MM( I)=M( I+1 ) +M(J) LIBF SUBSCDC SGT1DC value D I for array MDCDC value D for array M (see Note 1)LIBF SUBSCDC SGT2DC value D for array MDCDC valise D 1 for array M (see Note I)LIBF SUBSCDC SGT3DC value D 1 for array MDCDC value D 1 for array M (see Note 1)312

Source CodingObject CodingObject CodingWith TraceLDX Il SGT2LD Ll MLDX I1 SGT3A L1 MLDX Ii SGT1STO Ll MLIBF SIARXDCM(1 )=M(2)+M(3)LDX Ll value D for literal subscript 24LD Ll MLDX Ll value D for literal subscript 34A Ll MLDX Ll value D for literal subscript 14STO Ll MLIBF SIARXDC MM(1)=N(1)+M(1)LDX Li value D for literal subscript 14LD Li NA Li MSTO Ll MLIBF SIARXDCStatement Function StatementsA =JOE(B+C , D)+ELIBF FLDDCLIBF FADDDCLIEF FSTODC GT1CALL JOEDC GT1DCLIBF FLOATLIBF FADDDCLIEF FSTODC ALIBF SFARAppendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 313

Object CodingSource Coding Object Coding With TraceA(B, .5)+E CALLDCDC ADR I.LIBF FADE)DCLIBF FS TODC ALIBF SFARADR1 DC .5Call StatementsCALL XYCALL XYCALL YZ (A(2), A(I), B, C*D)LIBF SUBSCDC SGT1DC value D 4for array ADCDC value D for array A (see Note 1)1LIBF FEDDCLIBF FMPYDC DLIBF FSTODC C;T1LDX Ll value D4 for literal subscript 2MDX Ll ANOPSTX Ll ADR:.LDX I1 SGT1MDX Ll ANOPSTX Ll ADR2CALL YZADR1 DC 0ADR2 DC 0DCDC GT1314

Object CodingSource Coding Object Coding With TraceCALL YZ (A(I), B, C*D)LIBF SUBSCDC SGT1DC value D for array A4DCDC value D for array A (see Note 1)ILIBF FLDDCLIBF FMPYDCLIBF FSTODC GT1LDX I1 SGTIMDX LI ANOPSTX Ll ADR1CALL YZADR1 DC 0DCDC GT1DO and CONTINUE StatementsDO 10 I=J,K10 CONTINUELD L JSTO L IADR1 (next sequential instruction)DO 10 I=J,K,M10 CONTINUEADRIMDX L I, 1MDX *LD L IS L KBSC L ADR1 , +LD L JSTO L I(next sequential instruction)Appendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 315

Object CodingSource Coding Object Coding. With TraceLD L IA L MSTO L ISLBSC L ADR1,+GO TO StatementGO TO 111BSC L ADR1ADR1 (coding generated from statement 111)Computed GO TO StatementGO TO (111,112,113),ILDX Il ILOC 1 BSC Il LOCI +1DC ADR1DC ADR2DC ADR3LIBF SGOTOADR1 (coding generated from statement 111)ADR2 (coding generated from statement 112)ADR3 (coding generated from statement 113)IF StatementsIF (I) 111,112,113LD L IBSC L ADR1BSC L ADR2,+-BSC L ADR3, -ZADR1 (coding generated from statement 111)LIBF SIIFBSC L ADR1, +ZBSC L ADR2, +-BSC L ADR3, -ZADR2 (coding generated from. statement 112)ADR3 (coding generated from statement 113)316

Source CodingObject CodingObject CodingWith TraceIF (A) 111,100,113 LIBF FLD100 CONTINUE DC ALD 3 +126LIBF SFIFBSC L ADR1,+ZBSC L ADR2, -ZADR1 (coding generated from statement 111)ADR2 (coding generated from statement 113)IF (A+I) 100,111,100 LD L I100 CONTINUE LIBF FLOATLIBF FADDDC ALD 3 +126LIBF SFIFBSC L ADR1,+-ADR1 (coding generated from statement 111)IF (I) 111,111,112LD L IBSC L ADR1,+BSC L ADR2, -ZLIBF SIIFBSC L ADR1,+BSC L ADR2, -ZADR1 (coding generated from statement 111)ADR2 (coding generated from statement 112)PAUSE StatementPAUSE 11LIBF PAUSEDC ADR1ADR1 DC /11STOP StatementSTOP 21LIBF STOPDC ADR1ADR1 DC /21Appendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 317

Source CodingObject CodingRETURN Statementsfor (REAL) FUNCTION subprogram LIBF FLDwhere the subprogram name is COMP DC COMPBSC I address of subprogram linkword in transfer vectorfor (INTEGER) FUNCTION subprogram LD L ICOMPwhere the subprogram name is ICOMP BSC I address of subprogram linkword in transfer vectorfor SUBROUTINE subprogram BSC I address of subprogram linkword in transfer vectorEND StatementThe END statement produces no object coding.I/O Initialization CallsThe following coding for the initialization of the FORTRAN I/O subroutines at execution time is generated and inserted into the programby the compiler.LIBF UFIO ,(see Note 2)DC /000XLIEF SDFIC (see Note 3)DC /000XLIBF MO (see Note 4)DC /00YXDC /0016LIBF TYPEZ or LIBF WRTYZ (see Note 5)DC 0LIBF CARDZ (see Note 6)DC 0LIEF PRNTZDC 0LIBF PAPTZDC 0LIBF PRNZDC 0LIBF TYPEZ (see Note 5)DC 0LIEF WCHRIDC 0LIBF READ ZDC 0LIEF PNCHZ (see Note 6)DC 0LIBF F1,13 (or ELD)LIBF FSTO (or ESTO)318

Source CodingObject CodingNon-Disk I/O StatementsREAD (N, 101)A,ILIBF SREDDCDC 101LIBF SIOFDC ALIBF SIOIDCLIBF SCOMPREAD (N, 101) Xwhere X is dimensionedLIBF SREDDCDC 101LIBF SIOAFDC XDC number of elements in array XLIEF SCOMPREAD (N, 101)(X(I), 1=1,5)LIBF SREDDCDC 101LD L ADR1STO L IADR3 LIBF SUBSCDC SGT1DCDCvalue D 4for array XDC value D 1for array X (see Note 1)LIBF SIOFXDC XMDX L 1,1LD L IS L ADR2BSC L ADR3,+LIBF SCOMPADR1 DC 1ADR2 DC 5Appendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 319

Source CodingObject CodingWRITE (N,101)A,ILIBF SWRTDCDC 101LIBF SIOFDC ALIEF SIOIDCLIBF SCOMF'Unformatted I/O StatementsREAD (N) A ,LIBF UREDDCLIBF UIOFDC ALIBF URNDCLIBF UCOMI'READ (N)LIBF UREDDCWRITE (N) A , ILIBF UCOMI'LIBF UWRTDCLIEF UIOFDC ALIBF UK)IDCLIBF UCOMF'Disk I/O StatementsREAD (I'K) A, ILIBF SDREDDCDCLIBF SDF'DC ALIBF SDIDCLIBF SDCOM320

Source CodingObject CodingWRITE (2'IBASE+IDISP (K)) A ,B,X LIBF SUBSCwhere A, B, and X are dimensioned DC SGT1DC value D4 for array IDISPDCDC value D 1 for array IDISP (see Note 1)LD L IBA SEA LI IDISPFIND (J, K)STO GT1LIBF SDWRTDC TWODC GT1LIBF SDAFDC ADC number of elements in array ALIBF SDAFDCDC number of elements in array BLIBF SDAFDC XDC number of elements in array XLIBF SDCOMLIBF SDFNDDCDCManipulative I/O StatementsBACKSPACE I LIBF BCKSPDCREWIND 10LIBF REWNDDC ADR1ADR1 DC 10END FILE 10 LIBF EOFDC ADR1ADR1 DC 10Appendix A. Examples of FORTRAN Object Coding 321

NOTES:1. Tagged to indicate the end of the subscript argument list.2. The LIBF UFIO and its parameter are inserted only if unformatted I/0 statements are encountered in the program. X is the integer sizeand precision indicator.3. The LIBF SDFIO and its parameter are inserted only if the Disk indicator (bit 8) in the IOCS word is on. X is the integer size andprecision indicator.4. The LIBF SFIO, its parameters, and the LIBF table are inserted only if indicators other than the Disk indicator in the IOCS word are on.Y is the trace device indicator. X is the integer size and precision indicator. The DC /0016 provides the number of words from theLIBF SFIO to the first word following the LIBF table, inclusive.A LIBF to a FORTRAN I/O device subroutine is present in the LIBF table for each device indicated by a bit in the IOCS word. If a deviceis not ind:icated by a bit in the IOCS word, the LIBF is replaced by a DC 0.S. If "KEYBOARD" is specified, the LIBF TYPEZ is inserted; if "TYPEWRITER" is specified, the LIBF WRTYZ is inserted.6. If "CARD" is specified, the LIBF PNCHZ is not inserted; if "1442 PUNCH" is specified, the LIBF CARDZ is not inserted.322

APPENDIX B. LISTINGSThis appendix contains 1) assembly listings of theResident Monitor, including DISKZ, and the ColdStart Program, 2) listings describing the contents ofDCOM and the Resident Image, 3) the equivalencesused throughout the monitor system programs, and4) a cross-reference listing of all the symbols usedin the above items.The contents of this appendix are not to beconstrued as an external specification, i. e. , thelocations in these listings may be changed. $PRET,$OREQ, $EXIT, $LINK, and $DUMP are the onlyguaranteed locations.Note that in the listings the character isprinted as ', and the character is printed as =.ADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS 10/SEQNO0001 RLTV ADDR* SYMBOL* DESCRIPTION PMN000100002 * * * PMN000200003 * 0-3 * * RESERVED FOR EVEN BOUNDARIES PMN000300004 * 4-5 * )NAME * NAME OF PROGRAM/CORE LOAD PMN000400005 * 6 * NDBCT * BLOCK COUNT OF PROG/CORE LOAD PMN0005000 06 7 * NECNT * *FILES SWITCH--ZERO MEANS NO PMN000600007 * * FILES HAVE BEEN EQUATED PMN000700008 * 8 * NSYSC * SYS/NON-SYS CARTRIDGE INDR PMN000800009 9 * AJBSW * JOBT SWITCH-- NON-ZERO MEANS PMN000900010 * * TEMPORARY MODE PMN001000011 10 * NCBSW * CLB-RETURN-TO-DUP SWITCH-- PMN001100012 * * * ZERO=CLB RETURN TO SUPV PMN001200013 * 11 * NLCNT * NO. OF LOCALS PMN001300014 * 1? * NMPSW * CORE MAP SWITCH--ZERO MEANS PMN001400015 * * DO NOT PRINT A CORE MAP PMN001500016 * 13 * 1MDF1 * NO. OUP CTRL RECDS IMODIF) PMN001600017 * 14 * #MDF? * AMR OF MODIF BUFFER PMN001700018 * IS * *NCNT * NO. OF NOCALS PMN001800019 * 16 * NENTY * RLTV ENTRY ADDS Of PROGRAM PMN001900070 * 17 * ORP67 * 1442-5 SW 1011442-5 ON SYSTEM PMN002000021 * 18 * NTODR * 'TO' WORKING STG DRIVE CODE PMN002100022 * 19 * NFRDR * 'FROM' WORKING STG DRIVE CODE PMN002200023 * 20 * NEHOL * ADM OF LARGEST HOLE IN FXA PMN0021000 24 * 71 * NESZE * BLK CNT Of LARGEST HOLE IN FXA PMN002400025 * 77 * OUHOL * ADDR OF LARGEST HOLE IN UA PMN002500026 * 21 * OUSZE * BLK CNT OF LARGEST HOLE IN UA PMN002600027 * ?4 4005W DUP CALL SW--NON-ZERONDUP CALL PMN0027000?8 * 75 * *plop * PRINCIPAL I/0 DEVICE INDICATOR PMN002800029 * 76 * NPPTR * PRINC. PRINT DEVICE INDICATOR PMN002900010 * 27 * *CIAO * RLTV ADDR IN . STRT OF CIL ADDR PMN003000031 * 78 * NACIN * AVAILABLE CARTRIDGE INDICAT2-2 PMN00310003 2 * 79 * OGRPH * 2250 INDICATOR 2G2 PMN003200033 * 10 * OGCNT * NO. G2250 RECORDS 2G2 PmN003300014 * 31 * ILOSW * LOCAL-CANNOT-CALL-LOCAL SW 2-2 PPIN003400015 * 3? * 1X1SW * SPECIAL ILS SWITCH 2-2 PMN003500036 * 11 * NECNT * NO. OF *SQUAT RCDS 2-4 PMN003550017 * 33-34 * RESERVED FOR FUTURE USE 2-2 PMN003600038 * 35 * NANDU * 1+BLOCK ADDR OF END OF USER PMN003700019 * * AREA (ADJUSTED) LOGICAL DR 0 PMN0038000 40 * 36 * * 1+8LOCK ADDR OF ENO Of USER PMN003900041 * * AREA (ADJUSTED) LOGICAL DR 1 PMN004000042 37 * * 14. BLOCK ADDR OF END OF USER PMN004100043 * * * AREA (ADJUSTED) LOGICAL OR 2 PMN004200044 * 18 * * 1+8LOCK ADDR OF END OF USER PMN0043000 45 * * AREA (ADJUSTED) LOGICAL DR 3 PMN004400046 * 39 * * 1+BLOCK ADDS Of END OF USER PMN004500047 * * * AREA (ADJUSTED) LOGICAL DR 4 PMN004600048 40 * UBNDU * 1+BLOCK ADOR OF END OF USER PMN004700049 * * * AREA (RASE) LOGICAL DRIVE 0 PMN004800050 * 41 * * 14-BLOCK ADDR OF END OF USER PMN004900051 * * AREA (BASE) LOGICAL DRIVE I PMN005000052 42 * * 14-BLOCK ADDR OF END OF USER PmN005100053 * * * AREA (BASE) LOGICAL DRIVE 2 PMN005200054 * 43 * * 1*BLOCK ADDS OF END OF USER PMN005300055 * * * AREA (BASE) LOGICAL DRIVE 3 PMN005400056 * 44 * * 1+BLOCK ADDS OF END OF USER PMN005500057 * * AREA (BASE) LOGICAL DRIVE 4 PMN005600058 * 45 * NFPAD * FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL PMN005700059 * * DRIVE 0 (BASE) PMN005800060 * 46 * * FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL PMN005900061 * * * DRIVE 1 (BASE) PMN006000067 * 47 * * FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL PMN006100063 * * * DRIVE 2 (BASE) PMN006200064 * 48 * * FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL PMN006300065 * * DRIVE 3 (BASE) PMN006400066 49 * * FILE PROTECT ADDR,LOGICAL PMN006500067 * * * DRIVE 4 (BASE) PMN006600068 * 50 * APCID * CARTRIDGE ID, PHYSICAL DRIVE 0 PMN006700069 * 51 * * CARTRIDGE ID, PHYSICAL DRIVE 1 PMN006800070 * 52 * * CARTRIDGE ID, PHYSICAL DRIVE 2 PMN006900071 * 53 * * CARTRIDGE ID, PHYSICAL DRIVE 3 PMN007000072 * 54 * * CARTRIDGE ID, PHYSICAL DRIVE 4 PMNOOTIO0073 * 55 * NCIDN * CARTRIDGE ID, LOGICAL DRIVE 0 PMN007200074 * 56 * * CARTRIDGE ID, LOGICAL DRIVE 1 PMN00730Appendix B. Listings 323

ADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS10/SEQN00075 * 57 * * CARTRIDGE ID, LOGICAL DRIVE 2 pMN007400076 * 58 * * CARTRIDGE ID, LOGICAL DRIVE 3 PMN007500077 * 59 * * CARTRIDGE ID, LOGICAL DRIVE 4 PMN007600078 * 60 * OCIBA * SCTR ADOR OF CIB, LOGICAL DR 0 PMN007700079 * 61 * * SCTR ADDR OF C113, LOGICAL DR 1 PMN007800080 * 62 * * SCTR ADDR OF CIB, LOGICAL DR 2 PMN007900081 * 63 * * SCTR ADOR OF CIB, LOGICAL DR 3 PmN008000082 * 64 * * SCTR ADDR OF CIB, LOGICAL DR 4 pMN008100083 * 65 * #SCRA * SCRA, LOGICAL DRIVE 0 PMN008200084 * 66 * * SCRA, LOGICAL DRIVE 1 PMN008300085 * 67 * * SCRA, LOGICAL DRIVE 2 PON008400086 * 68 * * SCRA, LOGICAL DRIVE 3 PONC08500087 * 69 * * SCRA, LOGICAL DRIVE 4 PMN008600088 * 70 * AFMAT * FORMAT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 0 PMN00870C089 * 71 * * FORMAT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 1 PMN008800090 * 72 * * FORMAT OF pROG IN WS, DRIVE 2 pMN008900091 * 73 * * FORMAT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 3 PMN009000092 * 74 * * FORMAT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 4 PMN00910C093 * 75 * OFLET * FLET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL DR 0 PMN00920C094 * 76 * * FLET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL OR 1 PMN009300095 * 77 * * FLET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL OR 2 PMN009400096 * 78 * * FLET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL DR 3 PMN009500097 * 79 * * fLET SCTR ADDR. LOGICAL DR 4 PMN009600098 * 80 * OWLET * LET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL DR 0 PmN0097O0099 * 81 * * LET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL DR 1 PMN009800100 * 82 * * LET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL DR 2 PMN009900101 * 83 * * LET SCTR ADDS, LOGICAL DR 3 PMN010000102 * 84 * * LET SCTR ADDR, LOGICAL DR 4 PMN010100103 * 85 1, IWSCT * BLK CNT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 0 PMN010200104 * 86 * * BLK CNT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 1 PMN010300105 * 87 * * BLK CNT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 2 PMN010400106 * 88 * * BLK CNT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 3 PMN010500107 * 89 * * BLK CNT OF PROG IN WS, DRIVE 4 PMN010600108 * 90 * OCSHN * SCTR CNT CUSHION,LOGICAL DR 0 PMN010700109 * 91 * * SCTR CNT CUSHION,LOGICAL DR 1 PmN010800110 * 92 * * SCTR CNT CUSHION,LOGICAL DR 2 pmN010900111 * 93 * * SUER CNT CUSHION,LOGICAL OR 3 PMN011000117 * 94 * * SCTR CNT CUSHION,LOGICAL OR 4 PMN011100113 * 95-319 * * RESERVED FOR FUTURE USE PMN01120RESIDENT MONITORArm/ REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDSIo/SEQNO0115 ************ *********** *** ***** *******************: =rim0116 *0117 *STATUS-VERSION 2, MODIFICATION 4 * PMN011600118 * PMN011700119 *FUNCTION/OPERATION- * PMN0118 00170 * THIS SECTION ALWAYS REMAINS IN CORE. IT * PMN011900121 * IS COMPRISED OF THE COMMUNICATIONS * PMN012000122 * AREA (COMMA), THE SKELETON SUPERVISOR, AND * 144012100123 * A DISK 4/0 SUBROUTINE, NOMINALLY DISKZ. (THE * PMN012200124 * FIRST TWO OF THESE SECTIONS ARE INTERMIXED.) * PMN012300175 * COMMA CONTAINS THE SYSTEM PARAMETERS REQUIR- * PMN012400126 * ED TO FETCH A CORE LOAD IN CORE IMAGE FOR-0127 * MAT. THE SKELETON SUPERVISOR PROVIDES IN- P=1;:g0128 * STRUCTIONS FOR INITIATING A CALL EXIT, A * PMN012700129 * CALL LINK, A DUMP-TO-PRINTER OR A CALL TO THE * PMN012800130 * AUXILIARY SUPERVISOR. IN ADDITION, THE SKELE-* PMN012900131 * TON SUPERVISOR CONTAINS SEVERAL TRAPS FOR CER-* PMN013000132 * TAIN I/O FUNCTIONS/CONDITIONS. THE DISK I/O * PMN013100133 * SECTION CONSISTS OF A SUBROUTINE FOR READING * 4411011200134 * FROM OR WRITING ON A DISK CARTRIDGE ON A * PMN013300135 * GIVEN LOGICAL DISK DRIVE. * FmN013400136** PMN013500137 *ENTRY POINTS- * PMN0 13600138 * * SPRET-A TRAP FOR PREOPERATIVE 1/0 ERRORS. * PMN013700139 *THE CALLING SEQUENCE IS * PMN013800140 *BSI L SPRET * PMN013900141 * * SPSTX-A POSTOPERATIVE ERROR TRAP FOR I/O * PMNO14000142 * DEVICES ON LEVEL X (X101,2,3,OR 4). * PMN014100143 * THE CALLING SEQUENCE IS * p mN01.4 200144 * BSI L SPSTX * PMN014300145 * * SSTOP-THE PROGRAM STOP KEY TRAP. * PMN014400146 * * SEXIT--THE ENTRY POINT FOR THE EXIT/CALL * PMN014500147 * EXIT STATEMENT. THE CALLING SEQUENCE IS* PMN014600148 * LDX 0 SEXIT * PMN014700149 * * SLINK-THE ENTRY POINT FOR THE LINK/CALL * PMN014800150 LINK STATEMENT. THE CALLING SEQUENCE IS* PMN014900151* BSI L SLINKPMN015000152 * * SOUMP--THE ENTRY POINT FOR THE DUMP/POMP * PMN015100153 STATEMENT. THE CALLING SEQUENCE IS * P1414015200154 * BSI L SCIUMP * PMN015300155 * DC FORMATLIMIT10156 * OC* PMN01540* PMN015500157 DC LIMIT2 * PMN015600158 * WHERE LIMITI AND LimIT2 ARE THE LIMITS * pmN015700159 * BETWEEN WHICH THE DUMP IS TO OCCUR, AND* PMNOI5800160 FORMAT IS A CODE INDICATING THE FORMAT * PMN015900161 OF THE DUMP. IF FORMAT IS NEGATIVE, * PMN016000162 * THE AUXILIARY SUPERVISOR IS FETCHED * = ilng0163 * AND CONTROL PASSED TO IT.324

ADOR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDSID/SEQNO0164 * * 01000-ENTERED WHEN THE CALLER WISHES TO * PMN016300165 * PERFORM A DISK 1/0 OPERATION. THE * 8811016400166 * CALLING SEQUENCE . VARIES WITH THE * PMN016500167 VERSION OF THE DISK I/O SUBROUTINE. * PMN016600168 * * $1200/$1400-ENTERED WHEN THE OPERATION- * PMN016700169*COMPLETE INTERRUPT OCCURS ON * PMN016800170LEVEL 2/4.* PMN01690** PMN017000172 *INPUT-N/A * PMN017100173 * * PMN017200174 *OUTPUT-WORDS 6-4090 SAVED ON THE GIB ON A CALL * PMN017100175 * DUMP * PMN017400176 * * PMN017500177 *EXTERNAL REFERENCES-N/A * PMN017600178 * PMN017700179 *EXITS- * PMN0178 00180 * * NORMAL * PMN017900181 *THE EXITS FROM THE SUBROUTINES AT SPREE * PMN018000182 * SPSTI, $PST2, SP5T3, SPST4, AND SSTOP * PMN018100183 * ARE BRANCH INSTRUCTIONS FOLLOWING A * PMN018200184 * WAIT INSTRUCTION. SSTOP TURNS OFF IN- * PMN0183 00185 * TERRUPT LEVEL 5 AFTER THE START KEY IS * PMN018400186 * DEPRESSED. * PMN018500187 * *THE EXITS FROM SEXIT,SLINK,AND SDUMP ARE * PMN01860C188 * TO THE CORE IMAGE LOADER, PHASE 1, * PMN018700189 *AFTER THAT PHASE HAS BEEN FETCHED. * PMN018800190 * *THE EXIT FROM 01000 IS BACK TO THE * PMN018900191 CALLER AFTER THE REQUESTED DISK OPERA- * :=1,9901g192 TION HAS BEEN INITIATED.00193 * *THE EXITS FROM $1200/$1400 ARE BACK TO * PAN019200194 * THE ADDRESSES FROM WHICH THE DISK OP- * PMN019300195 * ERAT1ON COMPLETE INTERRUPT OCCURED * PMN019400196 * AFTER THE INTERRUPT HAS BEEN SERVICED * :=111=0197 BV THE APPROPRIATE ISS.0198 *• * ERROR-N/A0199 *:=1;78g0200 *TABLES/WORK AREAS- * PMN019900201* * * SACOE PMNO2000020? * * SCH12 * PMNO20100203 * * SCILA * PMNO20200204 * * SCLSW * PMNO20100205 * * $COMN * PMNO20400206 * * SCORE * PMNO20500207 * * SCTSW * PMNO20600208 * * SCXR1 * 8811020700209 * * SCYLN * PMNO20800210 * * SDAOR * PMNO21000211 * * SDBSY * PMNO2.1 100212 * * SOCYL * 8811021200213 * * $DMPF * PMNO21300214 * * $DREQ0215 * * $FPAO:=1:00216 * * SGCOM 2G2 * PMNO21600217 * * $GRIN 2G2 * PMNO21700218 * * SHASH * PMNO21800210 * * 3IBT2 * PMNO21900220 * * 1IBT4 * PMNO22000221 * * $IBSY* PMNO22100222 * * SIOCT * PMN072200223 * * SKCSW * PMNO22300224 * * SLAST * 8811022400725 * * $NOUP * PMNO22500226 * * SNXEQ * 8811022600227 * * SPBSY * PM11022700228 * * $PGCT * PMNO2280022 0 * * SPHSE * PMNO22900230 * * SRMSW * PMNO23000231 * * $SCAT2-4 * 8811023050232 * SSNLT* PMNO23100233 * * SUE10 * PMNO23200234 * * SULET * PMNO23100235 * * $WRO1 * PMNO23400236 * * SWSOR * PMNO23500237• * $XR3X 2-2 * PMNO23600238** PMNO23700239 *ATTRIBUTES-REUSABLE * PMNO2380* PMNO2390g72. '1: 11) :NOTES-* PMNO24000242 * THERE ARE WAIT INSTRUCTIONS AT SPRET+1, * PMNO24100243 * SSTOP+1, AND SPSTX1-1. DEPRESSING THE START * PMNO24200244 * KEY WILL RETURN CONTROL TO THE CALLER IN ALL * 8811024300245 * CASES. * PMNO24400246 *************************************************** PMNO2450Appendix B. Listings 325

ADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS ID/SEQNO0248 * PROVIDE PARAMETERS FOR SYSTEM LOADER PMNO24700749 PMNO24800250 ABS PMNO24900280 0251 ORG 4 PMNO25000004 0 OFFA 0257 DC 4095—* WD CNT FOR WRITING CORE ON CIB PMNO25100005 0 0000 0253 $C1BA DC *—* SCTR ADDR OF THE CIB PMNO25200006 0 0000 0254 SCH12 DC s—s ADDR OF CHANNEL 12 INDICATOR PMNO25300007 0 0000 0255 SCORN DC *—* LENGTH OF COMMON (IN WORDSI PMNO25400256 PMNO25500257 ULTIMATE RESIDENCE OF THE INTERRUPT TV PMNO25600258 * PMNO25700008 0 0000 0259 $LEVO DC *—* LEVEL 0 BRANCH ADDRESS PMNO25800009 0 0000 0260 $LEV1 OC *—s LEVEL 1 BRANCH ADDRESS PMNO2590000A 0 GOBI 0261 $LEV2 DC 11200 LEVEL 2 BRANCH ADOR PMNO26000008 0 0000 0262 $LEV1 DC s—s LEVEL 3 BRANCH ADDRESS PMNO2610000C 0 00C4 0263 SLEV4 DC $1400 LEVEL 4 BRANCH ADDR PMNO2620000D 0 0091 0264 $LEV5 DC $STOP LEVEL 5 BRANCH ADDR PMN076300265 * PMNO26400766 PMNO2650000F 0 0000 0267 SCORE DC *—* SIZE OF CORE, E.G.. 4096=4K PMNO2660000F 0 0000 0268 $CTSW DC *—* CONTROL RECORD TRAP SWITCH PMNO26700010 n 0000 0269 $DADR DC s—s SCTR ADDR OE PROG TO BE LOADED PMNO26800011 0 0000 0270 $SCAT DC *—* NON ZERC=SCA INTRPT PNONG 2-4 PMNO26900012 0 0000 0771 $DREQ DC *—* IND. FOR REQUESTED VERSION DKI/0 PMNO270000130014 0 0000,0272 SIBSY DC *—* NON— ZERO IF CD/PAP TP DEV. BUSY PMNO2710000C0273 SMASH BSS E 12 WORK AREAPMNO27200274 * PMNO27300275 PMNO27400020 0008 0276 $SCAN 1155 8 1132 SCAN AREA 32 PMNO27500277 PMNO27600778 PMNO27700279 * PMNO27800780 TRAP FOR PREOPERATIVE 1/C ERRORS PMNO27900281 * PMNO28000028 0 0000 0282 SPREE DC s—s ENTRY POINT PMNO28100029 0 3000 0283 WAIT WAIT TEL START KEY PUSHED PMNO28700028 on 50500028 0284 BSC I $PRET RETURN TO CALLER PMNO28300285 * PM64028400286 * PMNO28500020 0 0000 0787 SIRED CC *—* ADDR OF INT REQUEST SUBROUTINE PMNO2860non) 0 0000 0288 SULET DC *—* ADDR OF LET, LOGICAL DR 0 PMNO2870002E 0 0000 0289 DC AcDR OF LET, LOGICAL DR I PMN07880002F 0 0000 0290 DC *—* AMR OF LET, LOGICAL DR 2 PMNO28900030 0 0000 0291 DC *—* ADDR OF LET. LOGICAL DR 3 PMNO29000011 0 0000 0292 DC *—* AODR OF LET, LOGICAL DR 4 PMNO29100032 0 0000 0293 $10CT DC *—* ZERO IF NO I/O IN PROGRESS 50 PMNO29200011 0 0000 0294 SLAST DC *—* NON— ZERO WHEN LAST CARD SENSED PMN079300034 0 0000 0295 SNDUP DC *—* DO NOT DUP IF NON— ZERO PMNO29400035 0 0000 0296 $11XED OC *—* DO NOT EXECUTE IF NON— ZERO PMNO29500016 0 0000 0297 $PBSY DC *—* NON—ZERO WHEN PRINTER BUSY PMNO29600037 0 0000 029 8 $PGCT OC *—* PAGE NO. FOR HEADINGS PMNO29700299 PMNO29800100 * CALL ExIt ENTRY POINT TO SKELETON SUPERVISOR PMNO29900301 PMNO30000018 0 7019 0102 SEXIT MDX $5000 BR TO FETCH CIL, PHASE 1 56 PMNO30100303 PMNO30200304 *** CALL LINK ENTRY POINT PMNO30300305 PMNO30400019 0 0000 0106 SLINK CC *—* ENTRY POINT 57 PMNO3050001A 0 1810 0307 SRA 16 PMN010600018 0 7017 0308 MDX $5100 BR TO FETCH CIL, PHASE 1 PMNO3070001C 0000 0309 BSS E 0 PMN01080001C 0 0001 0310 $5900 DC 1 DISK PARAMETERS FOR SAVING CORE PMNO30900030 0 0004 0311 DC $CIBA-1 *IN CONNECTION WITH DUMP PMN01100003E 0 FEEE 0317 $5910 DC —I CALL EXIT INDICATOR PMNO31100313 PMNO31200314 *** SAVE 1ST 4K OF CORE ON THE CiB PMNO31300315 PMNO3140001F 0 0000 0116 $DUMP OC 5—* ENTRY POINT 63 PMNO3150(1040 0 D809 0317 STD SACEX SAVE ACCUMULATOR, EXTENSION PMNO31800041 0 4009 0318 BSI $5250 CHK PNDNG INTRPT 2-4 PMNO31850042 0 6904 0319 STX I SCXR1 SAVE XR1 PMN011900053 00 C410003E 0320 LO I $DUMP PMNO37000045 0 0003 0121 STO $DMPF SAVE DUMP FORMAT CODE PMN012100046 0 C8E5 0322 LDD $5900 PMNO32100047 00 440000F2 0323 BSI L DZ000 SAVE WOS 6-4095 ON CIB PMN012100049 0 C0E2 0324 LD $5900 PMNO32400046 0 7008 0325 MDX $5100 BR TO FETCH CIL, PHASE I PMNO32500126 * PMN012510177 *** SURR TO CHECK IF ANY INTRPT IS PENDING PMNO32520328 POINCO253326

ADDR RFL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS ID/SEQNO004B 0 0000 03 29 $S750 DC *—* ENTRY POINT PMNO3254004C 0 C0E5 0330 $S300 LD SIOCT IS THERE INTRPT PNDNG PMNO32550040 0 E8C1 0331 OR $SCAT *OR SCA INTRPT PNDNG PMNO3256004E 00 4C20004C 0332 BSC L $5100,2 *THEN BR, IF ALL INTRPT PMNO32570050 00 4C800046 03330335RSC I $5250 *IS SERVICED—RETURN pmN0175RPMNO32700336 *** FETCH CORE IMAGE LOADER, PHASE 1 PMNO32800337 PMNO32900052 0 COEB 0338 $5000 ID $5910 PMNO33000053 0 D0C2 0339 $5100 STD SRMSW SAVE EXIT — LINK — DUMP SWITCH PMNO33100054 00 65900039 0340 LOX 11 SLINK LINK AMR TO XR1 PMNO33500056 0 C101 0341 LD 1 1 FETCH 2ND WD OF LINK NAME PMN013600057 0 1800 0342 RTE 16 PMNO33700058 4) 0100 0343 LD 1 0 FETCH 1ST ND OF LINK NAME PMNO33800344 * $5150.1 CONTAINS ADDR LAST WD OF DISK I/0 MINUS 3 PMNO34000059 00 65000000 0345 $S150 LOX LI *—* ADDR END OF OKI/0-1 TO XR1 PMNO34100058 0 0888 0346 STD SLKNM SAVE LINK NAME PMNO3415005C 0 40EE 0347 BSI $S250 CHK ANY PNONG INTRPT 2-4 PMNO34170050 0 COFC 0348 LO SCILA PMNO3470005E 0 1890 0349 $5200 SRT 16 PMNO3430005F 00 44000012 0350 BSI L DZ000 FETCH CI LOADER, PHASE 1 PMNO34400061 0 40E9 0351 BSI $S250 CHK DISK OP FINISHED 2-4 PMNO34600062 0 4102 0352 BSI 1 2 BR TO CI LOADER, PHASE 1 PMNO34700353 PMNO34800063 0 0000 0354 SGCOM DC *—* GRAPHIC SUBR PACKAGE INDR 2G2 PMNO34900064 0 0000 0155 $GR1N DC *—* GRAPHIC INITIZN PROGRAM INDR 2G2 PMNO35000356 262 PMNO35100065 0003 0357 855 3 RESERVED FOR 2250 202 PMNO35200068 0009 0358 BSS 9 PATCH AREA PMNO35300359 PMNO35400071 n 0000 03 60 SEISM OC *—* FLUSH—TO— NEXT —JOB SWITCH 1/FLUSH pMNO35500072 0000 0361 BSS E 0 PMNO35600072 0 0000 0362 SCWCT DC *—* WORD COUNT AND SECTOR ADDRESS PMNO35700073 0 0000 0363 DC *—* *FOR SAVING/RESTORING COMMON PMN015800074 0 0000 0364 SCCAD DC *—* ADDR FOR SAVING/RESTORING COMMON PMNO35900075 0 0000 0365 usto DC *—* SCTR ADOR OF 1ST LOCAL/SOCAL PMNO36000076 0 0000 0366 $DZ1N DC *—* DISKZ/1/N INDICATOR ( - 1,0,51) PMN016100077 0 0000 03 67 $DCOE DC *—* LOGICAL DRIVE CODE FOR PROGRAM PMNO36200078 0 0000 0368 SPHSE DC *—* NO. OF PHASE NOW IN CORE PMNO36300079 0 0000 0369 SUFIO DC *—* UNFORMATTED I/O RECORD NO. PMN01640007A 0 0000 0370 $WSOR DC 4,-4, WORKING STORAGE DRIVE CODE PmNO36500078 0 0000 0371 $WRD1 DC 4,-4, LOADING ADOR OF THE CORE LOAD PmNO3660007C 0 0000 0172 $KCSW DC 4,-4, 1 IF KB,CP BOTH UTILIZED PmNO36700070 0 0000 0373 $UFDR DC '0—* UNFORMATTED I/O DRIVE CODE PMNO3680007E 0 0000 0374 $CPTR DC S—*, CHANNEL 12 INDICATOR FOR CP PMNO3690007F 0 0000 0175 $1132 DC *—* CHANNEL 12 INDICATOR FOR 1112 pMN017000080 0 0000 0376 $1403 DC *—* CHANNEL 12 INDICATOR FOR 1403 PMN017100378 * TRAP FOR POSTOPERATIVE I/O ERRORS ON LEVEL 1 pMNO37300379 * PmN017400081 0 0000 0380 $PST1 DC *—* ENTRY POINT PMNO37500082 0 3000 0381 WAIT pmN017600083 on 40800081 0382 BSC I $PST1 RETURN TO DEVICE SUBROUTINE PMNO37700383 * pmNO37800384 * TRAP FOR POSTOPERATIVE I/O ERRORS ON LEVEL 2 pmNO37900385 * PmNO38000085 0 0000 0186 $PST2 DC *—* ENTRY POINT pMNO38100086 0 3000 0387 WAIT PMNO38200087 no 40800085 0388 BSC I SPST2 RETURN TO DEVICE SUBROUTINE PmNO38300389 * PMNO38400390 * TRAP FOR POSTOPERATIVE I/O ERRORS ON LEVEL 3 PMNO38500391 PMNO38600089 0 0000 019? $PST3 DC *—* ENTRY POINT PMNO3870008A 0 1000 0393 WAIT PMNO38800088 no 40800089 0194 RSC I SPST3 RETURN TO DEVICE SUBROUTINE PMNO38900395 PMNO39000396 * TRAP FOR POSTOPERATIVE I/O ERRORS ON LEVEL 4 PMNO39100397 PMNO39200080 0 0000 0398 $PST4 OC *—* ENTRY POINT PMNO39300081 0 3000 0399 WAIT PMNO39400081 00 40800080 0400 BSC I $PST4 RETURN TO DEVICE SUBROUTINE PMNO39500401 * PMNO39600402 PMNO39700403 * PROGRAM STOP KEY TRAP PMNO39800404 PMNO39900091 0 0000 0405 $STOP OC ENTRY POINT PMN040000092 0 3000 0406 WAIT WAIT T/L START KEY PUSHED PMN040100093 00 40000091 0407 ROSC I $STOP RETURN TO CALLER PMN04020Appendix B. Listings 327

ADDR RFL OBJECT SI.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS ID/SEQNO0409 * PMN040400410 * PARAMETERS USED BY THE DISK I/O SUBROUTINES. THE PMN040500411 * LOGICAL DRIVE CODE IS FOUND IN BITS 1-3 FOR ALL PMN040600412 * BUT THE AREA CODE. BIT 0 WILL ALWAYS BE ZERO. PMN040700412 PMN040800414 PMN040900415 *** DISK1 AND DISKN WILL NO1 WRITE BELOW THE PMN041000416 *** FOLLOWING SCTR ADDRESSES (EXCEPT WRITE IMMED1. PMN041100417 PMN041200095 0 0000 C418 SFPAD DC *-* FILE PROTECT ADM, LOGICAL OR 0 PMN041300096 0 0000 0419 DC s-* FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL DR I PMN041400097 0 0000 0420 DC *-* FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL DR 2 PMN041500098 0 0000. 0421 DC 4.-4. FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL OR 3 PMN041600099 0 0000 0422 OC *-* FILE PROTECT ADDR, LOGICAL DR 4 PMN041700423 PMN041800424 *** THE ARM POSITION IS UPDATED WHENEVER A SEEK PMN041900425 *** OCCURS. PMN042000426 PMN04210009A 0 0000 04 27 SCYLN DC 0 ARM POSITION FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 0 PMN04220009B 0 0000 0428 DC 0 ARM POSITION FOR LOGICAL DRIVE I PMN042300090 0 0000 0429 DC 0 ARM POSITION FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 2 PMN042400090 0 0000 0430 OC 0 ARM POSITION FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 3 PMN04250009F 0 0000 0411 DC 0 ARM POSITION FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 4 PMN042600432 PMN042700433 *** BELCH ARE THE DISK AREA CODES. A ZERO PMN0428004 34 *** INDICATES THE CORRESPONDING DRIVE IS NOT PMN042900435 *** ON THE SYSTEM PMN043000416 PMN04310009E 0 0000 0437 SACDF DC *-* AREA CODE FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 0 PMN043200060 0 0000 04 38 DC *-* AREA CODE FOR LOGICAL DRIVE L PMN043300061 0 noon 0439 DC *-* AREA CODE FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 2 PMN0434000A? 0 0000 0440 OC *-* AREA CODE FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 3 PMN043500061 0 0000 0441 OC *-* AREA CODE FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 4 PMN043600442 PMN043700443 *** THE AOR OF THE CYLINDER IN WHICH A DEFECT OC- PMN043800444 *** CURS, IF ANY, IS STORED IN THE 1ST, 2ND, OR 3RD PMN043900445 *** WORD BELOW, DEPENDING ON WHITHER IT IS THE 1ST, PMN044000446 *** 2ND, CR 3RD DEFECT ON THE CARTRIDGE.PMN044100447 PMN044200064 0 0000 0448 SDCYL DC *-* DEFECTIVE CYLINDER ADDRESSES 1 PMN044300065 0 0000 0449 DC *-* *FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 0 2 PMN044400066 0 0000 0450 DC 3 PMN044500047 0 0000 0451 OC *-* DEFECTIVE CYLINDER ADDRESSES I PMN044600068 0 0000 045? DC *-* *FOR LOGICAL DRIVE I 2 PMN044700069 0 0000 0453 DC 3 PMN044800066 0 000D 0454 DC 4,-4, DEFECTIVE CYLINDER ADDRESSES I PMN044900068 0 0000 0455 DC 5—* *FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 2 2 PMN0450000AC 0 0000 0456 DC *-* 3 PMN0451000AD 0 0000 0457 DC S-* DEFECTIVE CYLINDER ADDRESSES 1 PMN0452000AE 0 0000 0458 DC *-* *FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 3 2 PMN04530OOAF 0 0001 0459 DC 3 PMN045400080 0 0000 0460 DC S-* OFFECTIVE CYLINDER ADDRESSES 1 PMN045500081 0 0000 0461 DC *-* *FOR LOGICAL DRIVE 4 2 PMN045600082 0 0000 0462 DC *-* 3 PMN045700464 * PMN045900465 * IL502--IHIS SUBROUTINE SAVES XR1, XR2, STATUS, PMN046000466ANO THE ACCUMULATOR AND ITS EXTENSION. PMN046100467 THE ADDRESS OF THE INTERRUPT SERVICE ROU- PMN04620C468 TINE IS STORED IN $1205 BY PHASE 2 OF PMN046300469 THE CORE IMAGE LOADER. WORD 10 ALWAYS PMN0464004 70 CONTAINS THE ADDRESS Of SI200. PMN046500471 PMN046600477 PMN046700473PMN04680nn p i 0 000004 74 $1200 DC *-* ENTRY PI (LEVEL 2 INTRUPT1 PMN046900084 0 6906 0475 STX 1 $1210+1 SAVE XR1 PMN047000085 0 6607 0476 STX 2 5I210+3 SAVE XR2 PMN047100086 0 2807 0477 STS 5I210+4 STORE STATUS PMN047200087 0 080A 0478 STO $1290 SAVE ACCUMULATOR,EXTENSION PMN047100479 * 31205+1 CONTAINS ADDR INTERRUPT ENTRY PT TO 01(1/0 PMN047400088 00 44000000 0480 $1205 BSI L *-* BR TO SERVICE THE INTERRUPT PMN04750008A 00 65000000 0481 $1210 LOX LI *-* RESTORE XR1 PMN0476000BC 00 66000000 0482 LOX L2 *-* RESTORE XR2 PMN04770008F 0 2000 0483 LOS 0 RESTORE STATUS PMN04780008F 0 C802 04 84 LOD $1290 RESTORE ACCUMULATOR,EXT PMN047900000 00 4000083 0485 BOSC I $1200 RETURN FROM INTERRUPT PMN0480000C2 0000 0486 $1290 BSS I 0 PMN0481000C2 0 0000 0487 DC *-* CONTENTS OF ACCUMULATOR AND PMN048100001 0 0000 0488 DC *-* *EXTENT/ON PMN04830328

ADOR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS IC/SEQN00490 * PMN0485004910492* ILSO4--THIS SUBROUTINE SAVES XR1, XR2, STATUS,AND THE ACCUMULATOR AND ITS EXTENSION.PMN04860PMN048700493 IF THE INTERRUPT IS FOR A KEYBOARD REG- * PMN048800494 DEST,AND IF A MONITOR PROGRAM IS IN CON- * PMN048900495 TROL, CONTROL IS PASSED TO pump. OTHER- * PMN049000496 WISE, CONTROL IS PASSED TO THE KEYBOARD/ * PMN049100497 CONSOLE PRINTER SUBROUTINE. WORD 12 AL- * PMN049200498 WAYS CONTAINS THE ADDRESS OF $1400. * PMN049300499 PMN049400500 * THE TABLE BELOW CONTAINS THE ADDRESSES OF THE PMN049500501 * INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINES FOR ALL THE DEVICES PMN049600502 * ON LEVEL 4. PMN049700503 PMN049800504 PMN049900505 * PMN0500000C4 0 0000 0506 $1400 DC *-* ENTRY POINT PMN050100005 0 0818 0507 STD $1490 SAVE ACCUMULATOR, EXTENSION PMN050200006 0 280E 0508 S1S $1410 SAVE STATUS PMN050100007 0 690F 0509 SIX 1 $1410+2 SAVE XR1 PMN050400008 0 6A10 0510 STX 2 $1410*4 SAVE XR2 PMN0505000C9 0 0816 0511 XIO $1492 SENSE DSW PMN05060OOCA 0 1002 0512 SLA 2 IS THIS INTERRUPT REQUEST PMN05070oncs 00 4C100000 0513 BSC L $1403,- BR IF NOT INTERRUPT REQUEST PMN05080oncn 00 4480002C 0514 BSI I $IREQ BR If INTERRUPT REQUEST PMN0509000CF 0 FFFE 0515 DC -2 ERROR CODE PMN051000000 0 6109 0516 $1403 LDX 1 9 NO. DEVICES ON LEVEL TO XR1 PMN051100001 0 0810 0517 X10 $1494 SENSE ILSW PMN051200002 0 1140 0518 SLCA 1 FIND CAUSE Of INTERRUPT PMN051300519 * $1405+1 CONTAINS ADDR OF LEVEL 4 IBT MINUS L PMN051400003 00 45800000 0520 $1405 BSI 11 *-* BR TO SERVICE THE INTERRUPT PMN051500005 0 2000 0521 $1410 LOS 0 RESTORE STATUS PMN051600006 00 65000000 0522 LOX LI *-* RESTORE XR1 PMN051700008 00 66000000 0523 LOX L2 *-* RESTORE XR2 PMN05180OODA 0 0803 0524 LCD $1490 RESTORE ACCUMULATOR, EXT. PMN05190OODEI 00 4CC000C4 0525 BOSC I $1400 RETURN PMN0520005 26 PMN052100527 * CONSTANTS ANC WORK AREAS PMN052200528 * EVEN-NUMBERED LABELS ARE ON EVEN BOUNDARIES PMN052300529 PMN05240000D 0 0000 0530 $DDSW DC *-* DSW FOR THE DISK PMN05250OODE 0002 0531 $1490 BSS E 2 CONTENTS OF ACCUMULATOR, EXT. PMN0526000E0 0 0000 0532 $1492 DC *-* PMN052700080 0 0533 $SYSC ECU *-1 VERSION AND MOD NO. PMN0528000E1 0 0800 0534 DC , /0E00 IOCC FOR SENSE IOCC FOR KB/CP PMN0579000E7 0001 0535 $1494 BSS 1 PATCH AREA PMN0530000E3 0 0300 05360538DC /0300 IOCC FOR SENSING ILSW042-2PMN05110PMN051300539 PATCH AREA 2-2 PMN053400540 FIX FOR APAR N5044 2-2 PMN053500541 2-2 PMN053600084 n 0000 0542 $1496 DC *-* XR3 SETTING DURING XE0 2-2 PMN0537000E5 0 OF01 0543 DC /0E01 SENSE KEY BOARD W RESET2-2 PMN053800544 * 2-2 PMN0539000E6 0 0000 0545 $1420 DC *-* ENTRY POINT FLUSH JOB 2-2 PMN0540000E7 0 08FC 0546 X10 $1496 SENSE KEY BOARD W RESET2-2 PMN0541000E8 00 4C40008A 0547 BOSC L $1425 TURN OF INTERRUPT 2-2 PMN0542000FA 00 44000038 0548 $1425 BSI L $DUMP BRANCH TO WAIT OUT PEND2-2 PMN0541000EC 0 FFEE 0549 DC -2 *INTER AND GET AUX SUP 2-2 PMN054400550 * 2-2 PMN0545000ED 0001 0551 BSS 1 PATCH AREA 2-2 PMN0546000E8 0 0000 055? $011SY DC *-* NON-ZERO WHEN DISK I/O BUSY PMN05470D1SKZADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS I0/SEQN00554 *************************************************** PMN054900555 * * PMN055000556 *STATUS-VERSION 2, MODIFICATION IL PMN055100557 * * PMN055200558 *PROGRAM NAME- * PMN055300559 * *FULL NAME-FORTRAN/SYSTEM DISK I/0 SUBROUTINE * PMN055400560 *CALLING SEQUENCE- * pmN055500561 * ion PARAM * PMN055600562 * BSI L 02000 * PMN055700563 * WHERE PARAM IS THE LABEL OF A DOUBLE-WORD * PMN055800564 * CELL CONTAINING THE FUNCTION CODE AND THE * PMN055900565 * AIM OF THE I/O BUFFER,1.E., ADDR OF WD CNT. * PMN056000566 * SFE 'CAPABILITIES' FOR DISCUSSION OF PARAM- * PMN056100567 FTERS. * PMN056200568 * PMN05630Appendix B. Listings 329

AODR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OpC0 TT OPERANDS ID/SEQN00569 *PURPOSE- * PMN056400570 * TO PROVIDE A SUBROUTINE TO PERFORM DISK OPERA-* PMN056500571 * TIONS. THIS SUBROUTINE IS INTENDED FOR USE BY * PMN056600572 * MONITOR PROGRAMS AND USER PROGRAMS WRITTEN IN * pMN056700573 * FORTRAN. THUS,IT IS INTENDED FOR USE IN AN * pMN056800574 * ERROR-FREE ENVIRONMENT. * PMN056900575 * pmN057000576 *METHOD- * PMN057100577 * DISKZ REQUIRES A BuFFER,THE LENGTH OF WHICH IS* pmN05720057P * 7 GREATER THAN THE NO. WORDS TO BE READ/WRIT- * PMN057300579 * TEN. * PmN0574005 80 * PMN057500581 *CAPABILITIES AND LIMITATIONS- * PMN057600582 * THE WC CNT,AS WELL AS DZ000,MUST BE ON AN EVEN* PMN057700583 * BOUNDARY,MuST BE TN THE RANGE 0-32767. THE * pMN057800584 * DRIVE CODE MUST BE IN BITS 1-3 OF THE SECTOR * PMN057900585 * ADDR,WHICH FOLLOWS THE WD CNT. THE FUNCTION * PmN058000586 * INDICATOR MUST RE XX00 FOR A READ OR XX01 FOR * PMN058100587 * A WRITE,WHERE 'XX' MEANS ANY 2 HEXADECIMAL * PMN058200588 * CHARACTERS. A WD CNT OF ZERO INDICATES A SEEK.* pMN058300589 * (READ OR WRITE MAY BE INDICATED.) AUTOMATIC * PMN058400590 * SEEKING IS PROVIDED AS A PART OF READ/WRITE. * PmN058500591 * A WRITE IS ALWAYS WITH A READ-BACK-CHECK. * PMN058600597 * DISKZ MAKES NO PREOPERATIVE PARAMETER CHECKS. * PMN058700593 * PMN058800594 *SPECIAL FEATURES- * PMN058900595 * ntSKZ PROVIDES ONLY THOSE FUNCTIONS MENTIONED * PMN059000596 * ABOVE. DISKZ ANO DISKN OFFER THIS BASIC SET OF* PMN059100597 * FUNCTIONS PLUS OTHERS. * pMN059200598 * pmN059300599 ************************************** ****** ******* pMN059400601 * PROVIDE PARAMETERS FOR SYSTEM LOADER PMN059600602 PMN0597010E0 0000 0603 RSS r 0 pmN0598000F0 0 OOEF 0604 DC *ZEND-* DISKZ WORD COUNT PMN0599000F1 0 FF6A 0605 CC -.0ZID PHASE ID PmN0600010f2 0 10E8 0606 CC SZEND-6-*+1 AODR Of SIFT EXTRACT pmN0601000F1 0 0001 0607 DC 1 NO. ENTRIES IN SLET EXTRACT PMN0607000F4 0608 ORG *-7 pMN0603000F2 0 0000 0610 01000 DC *-* ENTRY POINT PMN06050OOF3 00 740000EE 0611 MDX L SDBSV,0 LOOP UNTIL OPERATION IN pmN0606000F5 0 70F0 0612 MDX *-3 *PROGRESS IS COMPLETE PmN0607000F6 0 7002 0613 MOx 07020 BR AROUND INT ENTRY POINT PMN060800614 PMN060900615 * INTERRUPT ENTRY POINT PmN061000616 PMN0611000F7 0 0000 0617 nZ010 DC *-* INTERRUPT ADDRESS PmN0612000F8 0 7015 0618 MDX OZ 180 BR TO SERVICE INTERRUPT PMN06130noF9 0 690F 0619 D7020 STX 1 D7100+1 SAVE XRI pMN0614000FA 0 6610 0670 SIX 7 DZI00+3 SAVE XR7 PmN0615000FR 0 1008 0621 SLA 8 SHIFT INDICATOR 8 BITS pmN06160OOFC 0 003C 0622 ST0 07945 SAVE FUNCTION INDICATOR PMN06170OnFn 0 1800 0623 RTF 16 PMN0618000FF 0 0056 06 24 STO OZ235+1 SAVE ODOR OF THE I/O AREA PMN06190()OFF 0 6711 0625 DZ010 LOX (TCNT TURN ROSY INDICATOR ON AND pmN062000100 0 6AE1) 0626 STx 2 SOBS), *SET RETRY COUNT pmN062100101 0 COF0 06 27 LO 07000 PmN062200102 0 00F4 06 28 STD 07010 PMN062300103 0 704E 06 29 MDx 07230 BR TO CONTINUE PMN062400104 00 4C000000 0610 DZ060 BSC L *-* BR TO SERVICE THE INTERRUPT PMN062500631 pMN062600632 * START ALL DISK OPERATIONS PMN062700633 * PMN062800106 0 6908 0614 DZ070 STX 1 DZI80*1 SAVE ADDR Of THE I/O AREA PMN062900107 0 OR1E 0615 XIO DZ904 START AN OPERATION pMN061000636 PMN063100637 * RETURN TO USER pmN063200638 * PmN0633001C8 00 65000000 0639 DZ100 LOX LI *-* RESTORE XR1 PMN063400108 00 66000000 0640 LOX 17 5-5 RESTORE XR2 PMN061500100 00 4CB000F7 0641 BSC I DZ010 RETURN PMN063600642 * PmN063700643 * SERVICE ALL INTERRUPTS PMN063800644 * PmN06390010F 00 65000000 0645 DZ180 LOX LI *-* AMR OF I/O AREA TO XR1 pMN064000110 00 660000E2 0646 Lox L2 01000 ADDR OF DZ000 TO XR2 pMN064100112 0 0819 0647 x10 01910 SENSE THE DSid PMN064700113 0 00C9 0648 STO SODSW SAVE THE DSW PMN064300114 0 4850 0649 BOSC -SKIP IF ERROR BIT SET PMN064400115 0 70FE 0650 MDX 07060 BRANCH IF ERROR BIT NOT SET PMN064500116 0 C800 0651 D7185 LCD 01902 RESTORE WORD COUNT PMN064600117 0 0900 0657 STO 1 0 *AND SECTOR ADDRESS PMN06470330

ADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS IC/SEQNO0118 00 74FF00EE 0653 MDX L SD8SY,-1 SKIP IF 16 RETRIES DONE pMN06480011A 0 7039 0654 MDX 07235 BRANCH IF LESS THAN 16 PMN064900655 pmN065000656 * TRAP OUT TO POSTOPERATIVE TRAP pmN065100657 pmN065200118 0 0812 0658 ICC 02912 1+SCTR ADDR TO EXTENSION PMN065300110 0 c014 0659 LD 079I5 PMN065400110 0 4793 0660 02190 BSI 2 SPST2-X2 BR TO POSTOPERATIVE ER TRAP PMN06550011F 0 1810 0661 SRA 16 CLEAR PMN06560011.F 00 04800191 0662 STO I D2350+1 *ARM POSITION PMN065700121 0 7000 0663 MDX 02030 RETRY OPERATION PMN065800664 * PMN065900665 * CONSTANTS AND WORK AREAS pMN066000666 PMN066100127 0000 0667 BSS F 0 PMN066200668 * EVEN-NUMBERED LABELS ARE ON EVEN BOUNDARIES PMN066300122 0 0001 0669 02900 DC I CONSTANT,READ-AFTER-SEEK WD CNT PMN066400123 0 0000 0670 02401 DC 0 CURRENT ARM POSITION pMN066500174 0 0000 0671 01902 DC *-* LAST TWO WORDS OF SECTOR PMN066600175 0 0000 0672 DC *-* *PREVIOUSLY READ PMN066700126 C 0000 0673 02904 DC *-* foCC FOR OPERATION CURRENTLY PMN066800177 0 0000 0674 n2905 DC *-* *BEING PERFORMED PMN066900128 0 0000 0675 02906 DC *-* SAVE AREA FOR IOCC FOR pmN067000179 0 0000 0676 D2907 DC *-* *USER-REQUESTED OPERATION PMN067100026 0 0127 0677 07908 DC D2900 TOCC FOR READ PMN067200128 0 0000 0678 D2909 DC *-* *AFTER SEEK PMN067300I20 0 0000 0679 02910 DC *-* 2ND WORD OF SEEK IOCC PMN067400120 0 0000 0680 D2911 DC *-* SENSE IOCC pmN06750012E C 0000 0681 02912 DC *-* INTERMEDIATE WORD COUNT pmN067600128 0 0000 0682 02913 DC *-* ADDR OF NEXT SEQUENTIAL SECTOR PMN067700130 0 5002 0683 07914 DC /5002 WRITE SELECT/POWER UNSAFE INOR PMN067800131 0 5004 0684 0Z915 DC /5004 READ/WRITE/SEEK ERROR INDICATOR PMN067900132 0 FECO 0685 D2916 DC -320 TO BE USED TO SIMULTANEOUSLY pMN068000133 0 0001 0686 DC 1 *DECR WD CNT, INCR SCTR ADDR pmN068100114 0 0080 0687 02920 DC /0080 REAC CHECK BIT FOR 10Cc PmN068200135 0 0600 0688 02925 DC /0600 2ND WD OF READ IOCC W/0 AREA CC PMN068300116 0 0008 0689 02910 pc 8 NO. SECTORS PER CYLINDER pMN068400137 0 5000 0690 02935 DC /5000 NOT READY DISPLAY CODE pmN068500138 0 OFF8 0691 D2940 DC /OFF8 'AND' OUT DR CODE, SCTR ADDR PMN068600119 0 0000 0692 02 945 DC *-* FuNt INDICATOR (00READ,1NWRITE) pMN06870011A 0 0701 0693 07950 CC /0701 SENSE IOCC W/O AREA CODE PMN068800138 0 0007 0694 D2955 DC /0007 'AND' OUT ALL BUT SCTR NO. pMN06890011C 0 0004 0695 02960 DC $DCYL-$CYLN BASE DEFECTIVE CYL ADDR pMN069000110 0 009F 0696 D2965 DC $ACDE BASE AREA CODE ADDR pmN06910011E 0 FFFB 0697 02970 DC SCYLN-SACDE BASE ARM POSITION ADDR PMN06920013F 0 0000 0698 02975 DC *-* 2ND WORD OF READ CHECK IOCC pMN069300140 0 0400 0699 D2980 DC /0400 2ND WO OF SEEK IOCC W/0 AREA CD PMN069400141 0 0141 0700 02985 DC 321 No. WORDS PER SECTOR 114/ ADDRI pMN069500147 0 0000 0701 02990 DC *-* CURRENT SECTOR NO. PMN069600143 0 FFFF 0702 D2995 DC -1 MASK FOR COMPLEMENTING PMN069700703 pMN069800704 * RESERVED FOR SAVING CORE ON A DUMP ENTRY TO SKEL PmN069900705 pMN0700001440082 00007 07000707BSS 7 THIS AREA MUST BE AT SCIBA+319X2 ECUD2000PMN07010pMN070200708 PmN070300709 PMN07040n710pMN070500146 00147 01810004607110712D2210 SRA 16STOCLEAR $D8Sy BUSY INDICATORPMN07060pmN070700148 00 74FF0032 0713 MDX L SIOCT,-1 DECREMENT IOCS COUNTER PMNOTOBO014A 00148 01000708007140715NOPMDX 02100TO EXITPMN07090pmN071000716 pMN071100717 * PREPARE TO TRAP OUT ON 'POWER UNSAFE' CONDITION PMN071200718 pMN07130014C 0 C0E3 0719 n2215 LO 02914 PMN071400140 0 700F 0720 MDX 02190 BR TO TPAR OUT pmN071500721 PMN071600727 * PREPARE TO TRAP OUT ON 'NOT READY' CONDITION PMN071700723 pmN07180014E 0 C0E8 0724 02220 LD 0Z935 FETCH ERROR CODE pMN07190014F 00 44000028 0725 BSI L SPRET 8R TO PREOPERATIVE ERR TRAP PMN072000151 0 7036 0726 MDX D2340 RETRY THE OPERATION pMN072100727 PMN072200728 STATEMENTS MOVED 2-1 PMN072300729 PMN072400157 00 74010032 0730 D2230 MDX L $100T,1 INCREMENT TOCS COUNTER PMN072500154 00 65000000 0731 D2215 LOX LI *-* ADDR 1/0 AREA TO XR1 pMN072600156 0 c900 0732 LDD 1 0 PMN072700157 00158 0MCC080507330714STD 02902 SAVE WORD COUNT, SCTR ADDRSTD 07917PMN07280pmN07290Appendix R Listings 331

ADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS IC/SEONO0159 0 1810 0735 07240 SRA 16 pMN073000I54 0 1084 0736 SLT 4 DRIVE CODE IN BITS 12-15 PmN073100155 n 000E 0737 STO n7280+1 PMN073200150 0 80E0 0738 A 07965 COMPUTE AND STORE THE PIN073300150 0 DOIC 0719 STO D7110+1 *ADDR OF THE AREA CODE PMN07340115E 0 800F 0740 A DZ970 COMPUTE AND STORE THE PMN07350015F n 0031 0741 STO 0Z350+1 *ADDR OF THE ARM POSITION PMN071600160 0 8008 0742 A D7960 ADO IN BASE DT ADDR pmN073700161 0 8008 0743 A 07280+1 ADD IN THE DRIVE pMN073800162 0 8007 0744 A 07280+1 *CODE TWICE MORE PMN073900163 0 D006 0745 STO 07280+1 PMN074000164 0 62F0 0746 LOX 2 —3 INITIALIZE COUNTER FOR LOOP PMN074100165 0 6902 0747 STx 1 0Z906 PMN074200166 0 C101 0748 LO 1 1 FETCH OESIRED SECTOR ADDR PMN074300167 0 EODO 0749 AND 07940 'AND' OUT SECTOR NO. PMN074400168 0 0101 0750 07250 STO 1 1 *AND DRIVE CODE PMN074500169 00 94000000 0751 07280 S L *—* SUB DEFECTIVE CYLINDER ADDR PMN074600168 0 4828 0752 8SC 7+ SKIP IF BAD CYLINDER PmN074700160 0 7007 0753 MDX 07300 BR 10 CONTINUE PROCESSING PMN074800160 0 C101 0754 LO I 1 PMN07490016F 0 8007 0755 A 02930 INCREMENT SCTR ADDR BY 8 pmN07500016F 00 74010164 0756 MDX L 01280+1.1 POINT TO NEXT DEFECTIVE CYL PMN075100171 0 7201 0757 MDX 2 1 SKIP AFTER 3RD PASS PMN075200172 0 70F5 0758 MDX 07250 COMPARE w/ NEXT DEF CYL ADR Pmt375300173 0 0101 075 9 STO 1 1 SCTR ADDR WITH 3 DEF CYL2-4 PMN075350760 PMN075400761 * CONSTRUC THE 2ND WORD OF ALL IOCC . S PMN075500762 * PMN075600174 00 660000F2 0763 02300 LOX 12 07000 ADDR OF 07000 TO XR2 PMN075700176 0 C730 0764 Lo 2 07913— x2 FETCH SECTOR ADDRESS pMN075800177 0 E249 0765 AND 2 02955—x2 'AND' OUT ALL BUT SECTOR NO PMN075900178 0 D250 0766 STO 2 0Z990—X2 SAVE SECTOR NO. pMN076000179 00 04100000 0767 0Z131) L *—* FETCH AREA CODE PMN076100179 0 EA4F 0768 OR 2 01980-12 'OR' IN SEEK FUNCTION CODE PMN076200170 n 0714 0769 STO 2 07910 — X2 SEEK TOCC MINUS DIRECTION PMN076300170 0 FA41 0770 0R 2 07925—X2 'OR' IN READ FUNCTION CODE PM007640017F 0 D239 n771 STD 2 07909— x2 TOCC FOR READ— AFTER — SEEK EMN07650017F 0 EA50 0772 OR 2 D7990—X2 'OR' IN SECTOR NO. PMN076600180 0 9247 0773 2 07945—x2 COMPLETE READ/WRITE CODE pMN076700181 0 0237 0774 STO 2 01907—X2 2ND WD OF READ/WRITE IOCC PmN076800117 0 E442 0775 OR 2 01920—x? 'OR' IN READ CHECK BIT PMN076900183 0 8747 0776 A 2 07945— X2 pMN077000184 0 0240 0777 STO 2 0Z975—X2 2ND WD OF READ CHECK IOCC PMN077100185 0 8448 0778 OR 2 07951—x2 'OR' IN SENSE IOCC BITS PMN077200186 0 0238 0779 STO 2 07911—X2 COMPLETED SENSE IOCC PMN077300137 0 CA3C 0780 LOD 7 DZ91?— x7 1+SCTR ADDR TO EXTENSION PMN077400188 0 0418 0781 D1340 x10 2 07910—x2 SENSE FOR DISK READY pMN077500189 0 07E8 0782 STO 2 cDDSW—X2 SAVE THE DSW PMN07760018A 0 4828 0783 BSC 7+ SKIP UNLESS POWER UNSAFE OR PMN077700188 D 7000 0784 MDX 02215 *WRITE SELECT, RR OTHERWISE PMN077800180 0 100? 0785 SLA 2 BR TO PREOPERATIVE ERR TRAP PMN077900I80 0 41128 0786 BSC 2+ *IF DISK NOT READY, SKIP PMN07800018F 0 708E 0787 MDX 07220 *OTHERWISE pMN078100788 * STATEMENTS REMOVED 2-1 PMN07820018F 0 0101 0789 LO 1 I FETCH DESIRED CYLINDER ADDR PMNO7R300190 00 94000000 0790 D7350 5 L *—* SUBTRACT ARM POSITION PMN0784001970193004818701807910792BSCMDX+-0Z400SKIP IF SEEK NECESSARYRANCH TO PERFORM OPERATIONPMN07850pMN078600793 PMN078700794 * SEEK PmN078800795 PMN078900194 0 1893 0796 SRT 19 PUT NO. CYLINDERS IN EXT PMN079000195 0 I800 0797 sRA 15 + OR — SIGN TO BIT 15 pMN079100196 0 1002 0798 SLA 2 SHIFT SIGN TO BIT 13 pMN079200197 1 E434 0799 OR 2 01910—x2 IN REMAINDER Of IOCC PMN079300198 0 1800 0800 RTF 16 pmN079400199 0 4810 0801 8SC SKIP IF SEEK TOWARD HOME PMN07950019A 0 7002 0802 MDX 07380 BRANCH 1E SEEK TOWARD CENTR PMN079600198 0 F25I 0803 FOR 7 DZ995—X7 COMPLEMENT NO. CYLS TO BE PMN079700190 0 8230 0804 A 2 07900— x2 *SOUGHT TO GET POSITIVE NO. PMN079800190 0 0434 0805 07380 STD 2 07904-12 PmN079900198 0 07E8 0806 In 2 SODSw—x2 FETCH THE DSW 2-1 PMN08000019F 0 1000 0807 SLA 13 2-1 PMN080100140 0 4810 0808 8SC 2-1 PMN080200181 0 7001 0809 MDX 0Z390 2-1 PMN080100182 0 0101 0810 02385 LD 1 1 FETCH SECTOR ADDR 2-1 pMN080400143 0 1803 0811 SRA CONVERT TO CYLINDER ADDR2-1 PMN080500144 0 0234 0817 STO 2 D7904—X2 *AND STORE IN IOCC 2-1 pMN080600145 0 4213 0813 07390 BSI 2 02070-1—x2 START SEEK 2-1 PMN08070332

ADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS ID/SEQN00814 PMN080800815 * SEEK COMPLETE INTERRUPT PROCESSING PMN080900816 pmN0810001A6 0 C438 0817 LOD 2 D2908-X2 SET UP MCC FOR pmN0811001A7 0 DA34 0818 STD 2 02904-X2 *READ AFTER SEEK PmN081200148 0 4213 0819 85I 2 0207 0-1-X2 START READ-AFTER-SEEK pmN081300820 * pmN081400821 * READ-AFTER-SEEK COMPLETE INTERRUPT PROCESSING PmN08t500822 pMN0816001A9 0 0231. 0823 ID 2 02901-x2 FETCH ADR OF SCTR JUST READ pmN081700144 00 04800191 0824 STO I 02350+1 UPDATE ARM POSITION pmN0818001Ac 0 9101 0825 S 1 1 SUB DESIRED SCTR ADDR pMN0819001AD 00 4C200116 0826 BSC L 07185,2 BR IF SEEK UNSUCCESSFUL pMN082000877 * pMN082100828 pmN082200829 * READ/WRITE pmNn82100830 PMN0824001AF 0 CA3C 0831 02400 LOC 2 02912-X7 FETCH INTERMEDIATE WD CNT PMN08250OIRO n 4808 0832 BSC SKIP, WD CNT NOT EXHAUSTED PMN082600191 0 7094 0833 07410 MDX 02210 BRANCH IF READ/WRITE DONE PMN082700182 0 8440 0834 AD 2 02916-x7 DECREMENT WORD COUNT AND pmN082800193 0 033C n835 STD 2 0Z917-X2 *INCREMENT SECTOR ADDRESS PMN082900184 0 4830 0836 BSC Z- SKIP IF THIS IS LAST SECTOR PMN083000185 0 1810 0837 SRA 16 CLEAR ACCUMULATOR pMN083100186 0 824F 0838 A 2 02985-x2 ADD BACK 321 TO WO CNT pmN083200157 0 0100 0819 STO 1 0 STORE RESULT IN I/O AREA pmN083100188 0 CA36 0840 100 2 02906-X2 RESTORE TOCC FOR ORIGINALLY PMN083400189 0 DA34 0841 STD 2 02904-x? *REQUESTED OPERATION pmN083500184 0 C101 0842 LO 1 1 ADD SECTOR NO. TO SECTOR PMN083600198 0 EA50 0843 OR 2 02990-x2 *ADDRESS PmN08370018C 0 01.01. C844 STO 1 1 PMN083800180 0 4213 0845 BSI 2 02070-1-X2 START READ/WRITE OPERATION PMN083900846 pMN084000847 * READ/WRITE COMPLETE INTERRUPT PROCESSING pMN084100848 pmN08420018E 0 0740 0849 LO 2 02975-X2 SET UP FOR READ CHECK PMN0843001RF 0 n235 0850 STO 2 02905-x2 PMN08440OICO 0 C247 0851 LO 2 02945-X2 FETCH FUNCTION INDICATOR PMN084500101 0 4820 0852 BSC SKIP IF READ REQUESTED pMN084600102 0 4211 0853 BSI 2 02070-1-x2 START READ CHECK OPERATION PMN084700103 0 CAl? 0854 LOD 2 D1902-X2 RESTORE LAST 2 WDS OF SEC- PMN084800104 0 D900 0855 STD I 0 *TOR PREVIOUSLY READ pmN084900105 0 C21C 0856 LD 2 02912-x2 FETCH INTERMEDIATE WD CNT PmN085000106 0 4808 0857 BSC SKIP IF MORE READING/WRTING PMN085160107 0 70E9 0858 MDX 02410 BRANCH IF FINISHED pmN0852001C8 00 75000140 08 59 MDX LI 320 POINT XR1 TO NEW I/O AREA PMN08530O1CA 0 0900 0860 LDD 1 0 SAVE LAST 2 WDS OF SECTOR PMN085400108 0 0432 0 86 1 sT0 2 D1902-X2 *JUST READ/WRITTEN PMN0855001CC 0 CA3C 0867 LCD 2 02912-x2 WD CNT, SCTR ADDR NEXT OP pMN085601100 0 9900 0863 STD 1 0 STORE BOTH IN NEW I/O AREA pMN08570OICF 0 708A 0864 MDX 02240 BACK TO SET UP NEXT OPERATN PMN085800865 * pmN085900866 * pmN0860001CF 0008 0867 ASS PATCH AREA 2-4 PMN086100868 pMN086200869 * pmN086300104 n 0040 0870 DC I CILI ID NO. OF CORE IMAGE LDR,P1 PMN086400108 0 0000 0871 SCUM OC *-* CORE ADDR/C10 NO. PMN08650010C 0 0000 0872 DC WORD COUNT PmN086600t nn 0 0000 0873 00 *-* SCTR ADDR PMN08670010E 0002 0874 BSS 2 WO CNT, SCTR ADDR CORE LDS PMN0868001E0 0 0875 szEND ECM 1 1- END OF DISKZ PMNOB690Appendix B. Listings 333

EQUIVALENCESADOR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS ID/SEQNO.0877 * PmN087100878 * EQUIVALENCES FOR DOOM PARAMETERS PMN087200879 * PMN087301004 0 0880 /INANE EQU 4 NAME OF PROGRAM/GORE LOAD PMN087400006 0 08(11 (MKT ECU 6 BLOCK CT OF PROGRAM/CORE LOAD PPIN087500007 0 0882 fFCNT ECU 7 FILES SWITCH PMN087600008 1 0883 NSYSC EQU 8 SYSTEM/NON-SYSTEM CARTRIDGE INOR PMN087700009 0 0884 NJBSW ECU 9 JOBT SWITCH PMN087800008 0 0885 ((COSH EQU 10 CLB-RETURN SWITCH PMN087900008 0 0886 NLCNT ECU 11 NO. OF LOCALS PMN088000000 0 0887 NMPSW EQU 12 CORE MAP SWITCH PMN08810000(1 0 0888 IPMDF1 EQU 13 NO. DuP CTRL RECORDS (MODIF) PMNO8B2Q000E 0 0889 NMDF2 EQU 14 ACDR OF moOlF BUFFER PMN08810000F 0 0890 NNCNT EQU 15 NO. OF NOCALS PMN088400010 0 0891 NENTY ECU 16 RLTV ENTRY ADDR OF PROGRAM PMN088501011 0 0892 ORP67 EQU 17 1442-5 SWITCH PMN088600017 0 0893 4TOOR EQU 18 OBJECT WORK STORAGE DRIVE CODE PMN088700014 0 0894 NEHOL EQU 70 AMR LARGEST HOLE IN FIXED AREA PMN088800015 0 0895 NESZE EQU 71 BLK CNT LARGEST HOLE IN FXA PMN088900016 0 0896 OUHOL EQU 22 A00IR LARGEST HOLE IN USER AREA PMN089000017 0 0897 NUSZE ECU 73 BLK CNT LARGEST HOLE IN UA. PMN089100018 0 0898 NOCSW EQU 24 OUP CALL SWITCH PmN089200019 0 0899 NPIOD ECU 25 PRINCIPAL I/0 DEVICE INDICATOR PMN08910001A 0 0900 NPPIR EQU 26 PRINCIPAL PRINT DEVICE INDICATOR PMN089400018 0 0901 NCIAD ECU 77 RLTV ADDR IN 'STRT OF CIL ADDR PMN08950001C 0 0902 NACIN ECU 28 AVAILABLE CARTRIDGE INDICATOR PMN089600010 n 0903 41GRPH ECU 29 2750 INDICATOR 2G2 PMN08970001E 0 0904 NGCNT ECU 10 ND. G7750 RECORDS 2G2 PMN08980001E 0 0905 NLOSW EQU 11 LOCAL-CALLS-LOCAL SWITCH 2-2 PMN089900020 0 0906 NxiSW EQU 37 SPECIAL ILS SWITCH 2-2 PMN090000071 0 0907 NECNT ECU 33 NO. OF *EQUAT RCOS 2-4 PMN090050021 0 0908 NANDU ECU 35 1+BLK ADM FIND OF UA (ADJUSTED) PMN090100071 0 0909 NONDU ECU 40 1+BLK ADDR END OF UA (BASE) PmN090200020 0 0910 NFPAD EQU 45 FILE PROTECT ADDS PMN090300032 0 0911 NPCID EQU 50 CARTRIDGE ID, PHYSICAL DRIVE PmN090400017 0 0917 ILION EQU 55 CARTRIDGE ID, LOGICAL DRIVE PMN090500010 0 0913 4018A ECU 60 SCTR ADDS OF 018 PMN090600041 (1 0914 FISCRA EQU 65 SCTR ADDR Of SCRA PMN090700046 0 0915 NFMAT EQU 70 FORMAT OF PPOG IN WORKING STG PMN090800048 0 0916 NFLET ECU 75 SCTR ADOR 1ST SCTR Of FLET PMN090900050 0 0917 NULET EQU 80 SCTR ADDR 1ST SCTR OF LET PMN091001055 0 0918 NWSCT EQU 85 BLK CNT OF FROG IN WORKING STG PMN09110005A 0 0919 NCSHN ECU 90 NO. SCTRS IN CUSHION AREA P811091200970 * PMN091300921 * EQUIVALENCES FOR PHASE ID NUMBERS pMN091400922 * PMN09150106E 0 0923 'MCRA EQU 110 PHASE ID FOR MCRA PMN091600073 0 0924 eSUP6 ECU 115 PHASE ID FOR DUMP PROG 2-4 PMN09170n074 0 0925 'SUPT ECU 116 PHASE ID FOR AUX SURV 2-4 PMN091800078 0 0926 ,C180 ECU 120 PHASE ID FOR CLB, PHASE 0/1 PMN09190on8C 0 0927 '1403 EQU 140 PHASE ID FUR SYS 1403 SUER pMN092000080 0 0928 '1132 EQU 141 PHASE ID FOR SYS 1132 SUBR pMN09210008E (1 0929 .012TR ECU 142 PHASE ID FOR SYS CP SUBS pMN09220008E 0 0930 '2501 EQU 143 PHASE ID FOR SYS 2501 SUBR PMN092300090 0 0931 '1442 ECU 144 PHASE ID FOR SYS 1442 SUBS p8N09240n091 n 0932 '1134 EQU 145 PHASE ID FOR SYS 1134 SUBS pMN092500092 0 0933 .KBCP EQU 146 PHASE ID FOR SYS KB/CP SUBR pMN092600093 0 0934 'CDCV ECU 147 PHASE 10 FOR SYS CD CONY pMN092700094 0 0935 .1710CV EQU 148 PHASE 10 FOR SYS 1134 CONV pMN092800095 1 0936 'KBCV ECU 149 PHASE TO FOR SYS KB CONV pMN092900096 n 0937 .DZID EQU 150 PHASE ID FOR DISKZ pMN093000097 n 0938 10110 EQU 151 PHASE ID FOR DISK) pMN093100098 0 0939 'ONID ECU 152 PHASE ID FOR DISKN pmN093200040 0 0940 .0111 ECU 160 PHASE 10 FOR CI LOADER,PH 1 pMN093300041 0 0941 1C112 ECU 161 PHASE ID FOR CI LOADER,PH 2 pmN093400942 * pMN093500943 * EQUIVALENCES FOR RESIDENT MONITOR PMN093600944 * PMN093700014 0 0945 $LKNM EMI SMASH SAVE AREA FOR NAME OF LINK pMN093800016 0 0946 ORMSW MI $HASH+2 EXIT-LINK-DUMP Sw(-1,001) pMN091900017 0 0947 $CXR1 EQU $HASH+3 SAVE AREA FOR XR1 PMN094000011 0 0948 $CLSW EQU $HASH+4 SW FOR CORE IMAGE LOR,PH 2 PMN094100019 0 0949 $DMPF EQU SHASH+5 DUMP FORMAT CODE pMN0942000LA 1 0950 $ACEX EQU $HASH+6 ACC AND EXT WHEN ENTER DUMP PMN09430005A 0 0951 SCILA ECU 55150+1 AMR OF END OF DK I/O - 3 PMN0944000139 0 0952 51872 EQU 51705+1 ADR OF SERVICE PART OF DKI0 pMN094500104 1 0953 $1874 EQU $1405+1 ADS. OF THE IBT PmN09460DOFF 0 0954 ssNLT ECU $DBSy+1 SENSE LIGHT INDICATOR pMN0947000E0 0 0955 SPAUS ECU 131000-2 PAUSE,14TERRUPT INDICATOR PMN094800081 0 0956 $RWCZ ECU 07000-1 READ/WRITE SWITCH (CARDZ) PMN0949000E4 0 0957 SXR3X EQU $1496 x83 SETTING DURING XEQ 2-2 R101095000958 * PMN095103:34

AMA REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS ID/SEQNO0959 * EQUIVALENCES FOR ABSOLUTE SECTOR ADDRESSES PMN095200960 PMN095300000 0 0961 'LOAD EQU 0 ADOR OF SCTR WITH ID,DEF CYL AOR PMN095400001 0 0962 'OCOM EQU 1 ADDR OF SCTR CONTAINING OCOM PMN095500002 0 0963 'RIAD EQU 2 ADDROOF SCTR CONTAINING RES IMGE PMN095600003 0 0964 'SLET EQU 3 ADOR OF SCTR CONTAINING SLET PMN095700006 0 0965 'P181 EQU 6 AMR Of SCTR CONTAINING RELD TBL PMN095800007 0 0966 'HONG EQU 7 ADDR OF SCTR CONTAINING PAGE MDR PMN095900000 0 0967 15TRT EQU 0 ADDR OF SCTR W/ COLD START PROG PMN096000968 PMN096100969 * EQUIVALENCES FOR THE CORE IMAGE HEADER PMN096200970 * PMN096300000 0 0971 eXEQA EQU 0 PITY AMR OF CORE LOAD EXEC ADOR PMN096400001 0 0972 'CMON EQU I 1/LTV ADDR Of WO CNT OF COMMON PMN096500002 0 0973 'DREQ EQU 2 RLTV ADDR OF DISK I/0 INDICATOR PMN096600003 0 0974 'FILE EQU 3 RLTV ADOR OF NO. FILES DEFINED PMN096700004 0 0975 "MKT EQU 4 PITY ADDR OF WD CNT OF CI HEADER PMN096800005 0 0976 'LSCT EQU 5 SCTR CNT OF FILES IN MK STORAGE PMN09690n006 0 0977 'LOAD EQU 6 PITY ADDR OF LOAD AMR CORE LOAD PMN097000007 0 0978 'XCTL EQU 7 RLTV ADDR OISKI/DISKN EXIT CTRL PMN097100008 0 0979 'TVWC EQU 8 RLTV ADDR OF WO CNT OF TV PMN097200009 0 0980 'WONT EQU 9 RLTV AMR OF WO CNT OF CORE LOAD PMN09730000A 0 0981 'XR3X EQU 10 RLTV ADOR OF EXEC SETTING OF XR3 PMN09740ODOR 0 0982 'TTVX EQU 11 RLTV ADDR OF 1ST WD OF ITV PMN097500011 0 0983 'TLS4 EQU 17 RLTV ADM OF 1ST WD OF IBT4 PMN09760nnIA 0 0984 'OVSW EQU 26 RLTV ADDR OF LOCAL/SOCAL SWITCH PMN097700010 0 0985 'CORE EQU 28 CORE SIZE OF BUILDING SYSTEM PMN097800010 0 0986 'MONO EQU 29 RLTV ADDR OF LAST WD OF CI HDR PMN097900987 * PMN098000988 * EQUIVALENCES FOR LET/FLET PMN098100005 00989 *0990 'LEH° EQU OF LET/FLET HEADER 5 WORD COUNTPMN09820PMN098300003 n eLFEN OF PER LET/FLET ENTRY PMN098400000 0 0992 'SCTN EQU 0 RITY ADDR OF LET/FLET SCTR NO. PMN09850EQU 3 NO WDS 09910001 0 0993 'UAFX EQU 1 RLTV ADOR OF SCTR ADDR OF UA/FXA PMN098600003 0 0994 'WDSA EQU 3 RLTV ADDR OF NOS AVAIL IN SCTR PMN098700004 0 0995 'NEXT EQU 4 RLTV ADOR OF ADDR NEXT SCTR PMN098800000 0 0996 1LFNM EQU 0 PITY ADDR OF LET/FLET ENTRY NAME PMN098900002 0 0997 1BLCT EQU 2 PITY ADDR OF LET/FLET ENTRY OBCT PMN099000998 * PMN099100999 * MISCELLANEOUS EQUIVALENCES PMN099200033 01000 *1001 "ISTV EQU FACTOR 2-1 51 ISS NO. ADJUSTMENTPMN09930PMN099400005 0 1002 1MXDR EQU SUPPORTED 5 MAX NO. DRIVES PMN099500380 0 LIMIT FOR DISKZ PMN099600400 0 1004 'COMI EQU 1216 LOW COMMON LIMIT FOR DISKI PMN099700600 0 1005 'COM2 EQU 1536 LOW COMMON LIMIT OF DISKN PMN099801003 'COMZ EQU 896 LOW COMMON0011 n 1006 'TCNT EQU 17 NO. TRIES BEFORE DISK ERROR PMN0999000F9 0 1007 'OKEP MI 02000+7 LIEF ENTRY TO DISKI/N PMN100000087 0 1008 'DKIP EQU 02000+5 DISK I/O INTERRUPT ENTRY PT PMNI00100010 0 1009 'SCIB EQU 16 CIB SECTOR COUNT 2-2 PMNI00200003 0 1010 'HCTB EQU 3 HIGH COMMON SECTOR COUNT 2-2 PMN100301000 0 1011 'MCOR EQU 4096 SIZE OF MINIMUM CORE 2-2 pMNI00400078 0 1012 Y EQU 127 PMN100501013 * PMN100600004 0 1014 1CION EQU 4 RLTV ADM CARTRIDGE ID 2-2 PMN100700005 0 1015 'COPY EQU 5 RLTV ADDR COPY INDICATOR 2-2 PMN100800001 0 1016 'OCTB EQU 1 ;MTV ADDR DEFECTIV CYL TBL 2-2 PMN100900008 0 1017 'DTYP EQU 8 RLTV ADDR DISK TYPE INOR 2-2 PMN10100Appendix B. Listings 335

COLD START PROGRAMADDR REL CPRJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCO FT OPERANDS ID/SUNO1019 ***** * ****** ************************* ********* ***** pmN101201020 * PMN101301021 *STATUS - VERSION 2, monifICATION LEVEL 5. * pMN101401022 * pmN101501021 *FUNCTION/OPERATION - * PMN101601024 * THIS PROGRAM IS READ INTO CORE FROM SECTOR 0 * PmE)101701025 * OF THE SYSTEM CARTRIDGE AND TRANSFERRED TO BY * pMN101801026 * THE COLD START CARD. DEFECTIVE CYLINDER * PMN101901027 * ADDRESSES, CARTRIDGE ID AND DISK? ARE ALSO ON * pmN102001028 * SECTOR 0 AND ARE READ IN AT THE SAME TIME. * pMN102101029 * ALL THAT REMAINS FOR THE COLD START PROGRAM IS* PMN102201030 * TO READ IN THE RESIDENT IMAGE, SAVE THE * PMN102301031 * CARTRIDGE ID AND TRANSFER TO THE AUXILIARY * PMN102401032 * SUPERVISOR THROUGH SOUMP IN THE RESIDENT * pmN102501033 * MONITOR. * PMN102601034 • pMNIO2701035 *ENTRY - CR010-2 * pmN102801036 * ENTER PROGRAM BY TRANSFER FROM COLD START CARD* PMN102901037 * pMN103001038 *INPUT - * pMN103101039 * THE CARTRIDGE ID OF LOGICAL DRIVE ZERO (THE * PMN103201040 * SYSTEM CARTRIDGE) IS READ IN FROM SECTOR 0 * PMNI03301041 * WITH THE COLD START PROGRAM. * pmNI01401042 * pmN103501043 *OUTPUT - * pmNI03601044 * * THE RESIDENT IMAGE IS READ INTO CORE FROM * PMN103701045 THE DISK. * PMN103801046 * * IN COMMA- * PMN103901047 SACDE * pmN104001048 sCIBA-I * pmN104101049 SCION * pMN104201050 SCYLN * pMN104301051 SOBSY * pMN104401052 SIOCT * PMN10450L053* PMN104601054 *EXTERNAL REFERENCES - * pmN104701055 * OZ000 SUBROUTINE TO PERFORM DISK I/0. * pmNI04801056 * pmNI04901057 *EXITS - * pMN105001058 * THE ONLY EXIT IS TO THE AUXILIARY SUPERVISOR * PMN105101059 * AS FOLLOWS- * pmNI05201060 BSI SouMP * pms1105301061 DC -1 * PmNI05401062 * * pmN105501063 *TABLES/WORK AREAS - N/A * pmNI05601064 * pMN105701065 *ATTRIBUTES - * pMN105801066 * THIS PROGRAM IS NOT NATURALLY RELOCATABLE. * PmN105901067 * * PmN106001068 *NOTES - * pmN106101069 * DISK ERRORS RESULT IN A WAIT AT S p ST2. * PmN106201070 *** **** *****•**** ********* *********** ************ ** pmN106301072 PMN106501073 * READ THE RESIDENT IMAGE INTO CORE PmN106601074 PMN1067001E0 0 6I7F 1075 LOX 1 Y PMN1068001E1 0 087E 1076 Lon CR920 SET UP WORD COUNT AND SCTR PMNI069001E2 00 00000004 1077 CR010 STD L scIBA-1 *ADDR OE RESIDENT IMAGE PmN1070001E4 0 0125 107s STO 1 SOCYL- y *INITIALIZE DEF CYL NO. 1 PMNI071001E5 0 0184 1079 Lo 1 3-y FETCH LOG DRIVE 0 AREA CODE PMN1.072001F6 0 0120 1080 STO 1 SACDE-Y *AND STORE IT IN COMMA pmN1073001E7 0 0029 1081 sTO CR920+1 SAVE THE AREA CODE PmN1074001E9 0 0156 1082 LD I 02000-2-27-Y FETCH AND SAVE THE PmNI075001E 9 0 DOE1 1083 STO SCION *CARTRIDGE ID pmN10760(ILEA 0 COER 1084 LO CR010+1 FETCH CORE ADDR OF RESIDENT PMN1077001E9 0 1890 1085 SRT 16 *IMAGE AND PUT IN EXTENSION PMN1078001 EC 0 016E 1086 STO 1 soBSY-Y CLEAR DISK BUSY INDICATOR PmN10790DIED 0 0118 1087 STO 1 SCYLN-Y INITIALIZE ARM POSITION pMN10800OlEE 0 4173 1088 BSI 1 01000- y FETCH RESIDENT IMAGE PMN10810OIEF 0 1000 1089 WAIT WAIT Our THE INTERRUPT pmN108201090 PmNi09101091 * INITIALIZE ITEMS IN COMMA pmp4108401092 pmN1085001E0 0 1810 1093 SRA 16 PmN1086001E1 0 0193 1094 STO 1 slOCT-Y CLEAR IOCS COUNTER PmNI087001E2 0 C81B 1095 Lon CR910 pmNI088001E1 0 0985 1096 STD 1 SCIBA-I-Y *FOR SAVING CORE ON THE CIB PMN1089001F4 0 COIC 1097 LO CR920+1 FETCH AREA CODE PMNI090001E5 0 01 20 1098 STo 1 SACDE-Y RESET AREA CODE PmN1091001F6 0 C016 1099 LO CR905 INITIALIZE WO ZERO TO BR TO PMN1092001E7 0 0181 1100 STO 1 0-Y *DUMP ENTRY POINT PLUS 1 Pms1109301101 PMN109401102 * TRANSFER TO THE AUXILIARY SUPERVISOR pMN10950336

ADDR REL OBJECT ST.NO. LABEL OPCD FT OPERANDS ID/SEQN01103 TO COMPLETE11041 *INITIALIZATION PMNI0960PMNI097001F8 0 4100 1105 BSI 1 (DUMP—Y BR TO AUXILLIARY SUPERVISOR PMN1098001F9 0 FFF 11061107 *DC —1 *FOR JOB PROCESSING PMN10990PMN1100001FA no13 110811091*855 19 PATCH AREA PMN11010PMN11020CONSTANTS AND WORK AREAS PMN110301111 * PMNII04011100700 0 703F 1112 CR905 MD% X $DUMP+1-1 TO BE STORED IN LOCN ZERO PMN11050070E 0 0000 1113 CR910 DC 0 WC CNT,SCTR ADDR OF 2-5 PMNI1060020F 0 000 1114 DC 'HONG *HARMLESS WRITE TO DISK PMN110700210 0 00F8 1115 CR920 DC fi4fg—$CH12 WD CNT AND SCTR PMN110800211 0 0002 1116 DC*ADDR OF RESIDENT IMAGE PMN110900212 021 1117 END * PMN11100CROSS—REFERENCESYMBOLCR010CR905CR910CR97007000010100Z020010300106001117001100D118007185D2190012100121501220D1730nz,150124001250077800710007110073400135007110011850139007400D741007900019010190201904079050790601907079080790907910D19110191201913D2914079150791601970019750191001915079400194502950019550196001965VALUE01F20700020E021000F200F700F9()0FF010401060108010E0116011001460I4C014E015201540159016801690174017901880190019D01420165OlAF01010122017101740126012701780129017A0128012C0170012F017E013001110132013401150176013701380139011A0111301300130REL DEEM0 1077000000 1112111311150610061706190 062500 061006340 06390 06450 06510 06600 07110 07190 07240 07100 07710 07350 07500 07510 07630 07670 07810 07900 080500 081008I10 08310 08330 06690 06700 06710 06730 06740 06750 06760 06770 06780 06790 06800 06810 06820 06830 06840 06850 06870 0688000 0689069006910 06920000 0693069406950696REFERENCES1084109910951076 1081 10970323 0350 0627 06460628 06410613066306500813 0819 0845 08530619 0670 07150618 06340826077008330784078706290674 0654086407580737 0743 0744 07450757071907260662 0741 082408020809079208580677 080408230651 0713 0854 08610635 C805 0812 081808500747 C8400774081707710647 0769 0781 079907790658 0734 0780 08310764071906590834077507700755072407490622 0773 0776 08510778076507420718070707560841083507630856095508620956 1007 1008 1082 1088Appendix B. Listings 337

SYMBOL VALUE REL DEFN REFERENCES01970 011E 0 0697 074001975 013F 0 0698 0777 C84902980 0140 0 0699 076801985 0141 0 0700 083807990 0142 0 0701 0766 0772 084302995 0141 0 0702 0803SAME 009F 0 0437 0646 0697 1080 1098SACEX 00IA 0 0950 0317SCCAD 0074 0 0164SCH12 0006 0 0254 1115SCILA 0005 0 0253 0311 1077 1096SCION 0108 0 0871 1083SCILA 005A 0 0951 0348SCLSW 0018 0 0948SCOMN 0007 0 0255SCORE 000E 0 0267SCPTR 007F 0 0374SCTSW 000F 0 0268SCWCT 0072 0 0162SCXR1 0017 0 0947 0319SCYLN 009A 0 0427 0695 0697 1087SOADR 0010 0 0269SOBSY 00EF 0 0552 0611 0626 0653 0712 0954 1086SDCDE 0077 0 0367SDCYL 00A4 0 0448 0695 1078SODSW 000D 0 0530 0648 078? 0806SOMPF 0019 0 0949 0321SDREQ 0012 0 0271(DUMP 003F 0 0316 0120 0548 1105 1112SDZ1N 0076 0 0366(EXIT 0038 0 0302$FLSH 0071 0 0360SEPAO 0095 0 0418SGCOM 0063 0 0354(GRIN 0064 0 0355(HASH 0014 0 0273 0945 0946 0947 0948 0949 0950SPBSY 0013 0 0272SI8T2 0089 0 0952SI8T4 0004 0 0953SIOCT 0032 0 0293 0330 0713 0710 1094SIREQ 002C 0 0287 0514SI200 0083 0 0474 0261 048511205 0088 0 0480 0952$1210 008A 0 0481 0475 0476 047751290 00C2 0 0486 0478 0484(1400 00C4 0 0506 0263 0525$1403 0000 0 05(6 0513$1405 0003 0 0520 0953$1410 0005 0 0521 0508 0509 0510$1420 00E6 0 0545$1425 00F4 0 0548 054711490 000E 0 0531 0507 0524$1492 00E0 0 0532 0511$1494 00E2 0 0535 051711496 00E4 0 0542 0546 0957SKCSW 007C 0 0372(LAST 0033 0 0294SLFVO 0008 0 0259(LEVI 0009 0 0260SLEV2 000A 0 0261SLEV3 000B 0 0262SLFV4 nooC 0 0263SLEV5 000D 0 0264SLINK 0039 0 0306 0340SLKNM 0014 0 0945 0346SLSAD 0075 0 0365SNOUP 0034 0 0295SNXEQ 0035 0 0296SPAUS 00F0 0 0955SPBSY 0036 0 0297(FOCI 0037 0 0298SPHSF 0078 0 0368SPRET 0028 0 0282 0284 0725$P511 0081 0 0380 0382SPIT? 0085 0 0386 0388 0660$P513 0089 0 0392 0394$P314 0080 0 0398 0400SRMSW 0016 0 0946 0339$RWCZ 00E1 0 09561115338

SYMROL VALUE REL DEFN REFERENCESSSCAN 0020 0 0276$SCAT 0011 0 0270 0331$SNLT 00EF 0 0954$STOP 0091 0 0405 0264 0407$SYSC 00E0 0 0533$5000 0052 0 0338 0302$S100 0053 0 0339 0308 0325$5150 0059 0 0345 0951$5200 005E 0 0349$5250 0048 0 0329 0318 0333 0147 0.351$5300 004C 0 0330 0332$5900 0030 0 0310 0322 0324$S910 003E 0 0312 0338$UFDR 0070 0 0373suF10 0079 0 0369SULET 002D 0 0288$WR01 007B 0 0371$WSDR 007A 0 0370$XR3X 00F4 0 0957VEND 01E0 0 0875 0604 0606$1132 007E 0 0375$1403 0080 0 0376X2 00F2 0 0707 0660 0764 0765 0766 0768 0769 0770 0771 0772 0773 0774 0775 0776 0777 07780779 C780 0781 0782 0799 0803 0804 0805 0806 0812 0813 0817 0818 0819 08230831 0834 0835 0838 0840 0841 0843 0845 0849 0850 0851 0853 0854 0856 08610862007F 0 1012 1075 1078 1079 1080 1082 1086 1087 1088 1094 1096 1098 1100 1105NACIN 001E 0 0902NANDU 0023 0 0908N8NDU 0078 0 0909NCBSW 000A 0 0885SCIAD 0018 0 0901NCIBA 001C 0 0913NCIDN 0037 0 0912NCSHN 005A 0 0919NDFICT 0016 0 0881NOCSW 0018 0 0898NECNT 0021 0 0907/FENT ,/ 0010 0 0891NECNT 0007 0 0882#FHOL 0014 0 0894IFLET 0048 0 0916#FMAT 0046 0 0915NFPAD 0070 0 0910NEWE 0015 0 0895#GCNT 001E 0 0904NGRPH 0010 0 0901NJBSW 0009 0 0884#LCNT 0008 0 0886OLOSw 00IF 0 0905NMDF1 000D 0 08884m0F2 000E 0 0889NmPSW 000C 0 0887#NAME 0004 0 0880NNCNT 000F 0 0890OPCID 0037 0 0911NPIOD 0019 0 0899NPPTR 00IA 0 0900#RP67 0011 0 0892NSCRA 0041 0 0914#SYSC 0008 0 08834TODR 0012 0 0893NUHOL 0016 0 0896NULET 0050 0 0917fuszE 0017 0 0897NWSCT 0055 C 0918NX1Sw 0020 0 09061 13LCT 0002 0 0997'CDCV 0093 0 0934. cInN 0004 0 10141 C1L1 00A0 0 0940 0870'CIL? 00A1 0 09411 CLR0 0078 0 09261 CMON 0001 0 0972I Ccm7 0380 0 10031 COM1 0400 0 1004'COM2 0600 0 1005'COPY 0005 0 1015• Appendix B 338. 1

SYMBOL VALUE REL DEFN REFERENCES'CORE 0010 0 0985'CPTR 008E 0 0929'OCOM 0001 0 0962'OCT8 0001 0 1016"DKEP 00F9 0 1007'OUP 0177 0 1008"ONTO 0098 0 0939'DREG? 0002 0 0973'07YP 0008 0 1017. nzin 0096 0 0937 0605'DUD 0097 0 0938'FILE 0003 0 0974'HC19 0003 0 1010'HONG 0007 0 0966 1114'MEND 001D 0 0986'HWCT 0004 0 C975' - LOAD 0000 0 0961'TIS4 0011 0 0983"157V 0033 0 1001'ITVX 000B 0 0982'KBCP 0092 0 0933'KICV 0095 0 0936'1040 0006 0 0977'LEEN 0003 0 0991"LEND 0005 C 0990'LFNM 0000 0 0996°1507 0005 0 0976'HCOR 1000 0 1011'MCRA 006E 0 0923'MXDR 0005 0 1002'NEXT 0004 0 0995'OVSW 001A 0 0984• RTCV 0094 0 0935'RIAD 0002 0 0963 1116'RT51 0006 0 0965'5C19 0010 0 1009'SCTN 0000 0 0992'SIFT 0003 0 0964'STRT 0000 0 0967'5UP6 0073 0 0924'SUET 0074 0 0925'TCNT 0011 0 1006 0625"TVWC 0008 0 0979'UAFX 0001 0 0993'WONT 0109 0 0980s wnss 0003 0 0994'XCTL 0007 0 0978'XEOA 0000 0 0971'XR3X 0004 0 0981'1132 onsn 0 0928'1134 0091 0 0932'1403 ow 0 0927'1442 0090 0 0931'2501 008F 0 0930338.2•

APPENDIX C. ABBREVIATIONSBelow is a list of the abbreviations used in the Abbreviation Meaninglistings of the 1130 Disk Monitor System, Version2. Included in this list are the abbreviations used CC Card Columnin current 1130 and 1800 systems. CD CardCDE CodeAbbreviation Mea nilai CHAN ChannelCHAR CharacterABS AbsoluteCHK CheckACC Accumulator, Accumulate CHG ChangeACCT AccountCHKPT CheckpointACT ActualCIB Core Image BufferADDL Additional CIL Core Image LoaderADDR AddressCLB Core Load BuilderADJ AdjustCLD Core LoadADV AdvanceCLR ClearAI Analog Input CLS CloseALG Algebraic CMN COMMONALLOC AllocateCMP CompareALLOCN Allocation CMPL ComplementALPHA Alphabetic COMMA Communication AreaALT Alternate, Alteration COMP ComputeAO Analog Output CNSL ConsoleAPPDGE Appendage CNT CountAPPROX Approximate COL ColumnARITH Arithmetic COMM CommunicationASDNG Ascending CON ConstantASM Assembler COND ConditionASMBL Assemble CONT ContinueASGN AssignCORR CorrectionAUX Auxiliary CP Console Printer, Control ParameterAVAIL Availability CPLD CoupledAVG AverageCPTN ComputationCTR CounterBEGNG Beginning CTRL ControlBFR BufferCURB CurrentBKSP Backspace CVRT ConvertBLK BlockCYL CylinderBLKCNT Block CountBLNK BlankDAO Digital-Analog OutputBR BranchDB Disk BlockBM Buffer Mark DC Data ChannelDCMT DocumentCAD Core Address DEC DecisionCALC Calculate, Calculator DECML DecimalCAR Channel Address Register DECR DecrementCARR Carriage DEF DefectiveCART Cartridge DEFN DefineCAT CatalogDEL DeleteCATLGD Cataloged DESCG DescendingAppendix C. Abbreviations 339

Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation MeaningDE TM Determine FREQ FrequencyDEVC Device FUNC FunctionDGT Digit FWD ForwardDI Digital Input FXA Fixed AreaDICT Dictionary FXD FixedDIM DimensionDIRCTY Directory GEN GeneratorDISP Displacement GENL GeneralDISPCHG Dispatching GM Group MarkDK Disk GT Greater ThanDLMTER Delimeter GTE Greater Than or Equal ToDPC Direct Program ControlDR Drive HDLER HandlerDSW Device Status Word HDR HeaderDT Defective Track HEX HexadecimalDUP Disk Utility Program HI HighDUPCTN Duplication HLT HaltHSK HousekeepingEBC EBCDIC HYPER HypertapeE LIM EliminateELT Element TAR Instruction Address RegisterENT Entry IC Instruction CounterEOF End Of File ID IdentificationE OJ End Of Job IDX IndexEOR End Of Reel ILS Interrupt Level SubroutineEP Extended Precision ILSW Interrupt Level Status WordEQ Equal, Equate INCR IncrementEQU Equate IND IndicateERP Error Parameter INDN IndicationERR Error INDR IndicatorES Electronic Switch INFO InformationETV Executive Transfer Vector INITLZ InitializeEVAL Evaluate INQ InquireEXCH Exchange INT InitialEXEC Execute INTFCE InterfaceEXP Exponent INTLD InterludeEXPR Expression INTM InterimEXTYP Exit Type INTMD IntermediateEXTR Extract INTNL InternalINTRPT InterruptFAC Floating Accumulator I/O Input/OutputFOR FORTRAN IOAP I/O Area ParameterFIO FORTRAN I/O IOCC I/0 Control CommandFLD Field IOCR I/0 Control RoutineFLDL Field Length INST InstructionFIG Figure INTERP InterpretFLET The Location Equivalence Table INVAL Invalidfor the Fixed Area ISS Interrupt Service SubroutineFLT Floating ITER Iterate, IterationFMT Format ITG IntegerFR From I/P Input340

Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation MeaningKB Keyboard OPN OpenKP Keypunch OPND OperandOPTN OptionLBL Label OPTR OperatorLCT List Control Table ORG OriginLD Load OVFLO OverflowLET Location Equivalence Table for OVLP OverlapUser Area OVLY OverlayLFT LeftLH Left-Hand, Leftmost PAPT Paper TapeLINKB Link/Busy Word PARAM ParameterLIT Literal PARTL PartialLN Line PERF Perforate, Perforated, PerforationLNG Length PERPHL PeripheralLO Low PFM PerformLOC Location PG PageLOCAL Load-on-Call Subroutine PGLIN Page and LineLT Less Than PH PhaseLTE Less Than or Equal To PHYS PhysicalLTR Letter PK PackLVL Level PKD PackedPNCH PunchMACH Machine PNDG PendingMAGT Magnetic Tape POS PositionMAINT Maintain, Maintenance PR PrintMAL F Malfunction PRE C PrecisionMAX Maximum 'PRE V PreviousMEM Memory PRGE PurgeMIN Minimum PRI PriorityMISC Miscellaneous PRINC PrincipalML Mainline PROC ProcessMN Mnemonic PROG ProgramMOD Modification PROT ProtectMON Monitor PRTN PartitionMPXR Multiplexor PRVNT PreventMPY Multiply PT Pointer, PointMRGE Merge PTR PrinterMSG Message PTV PositiveMSTR MasterQUALFD QualifiedNEC Necessary QUANT QuantityNEG Negative QUE QueueNO. NumberNORM Normalize, Normalized RAND RandomNUM Numeric R + S Reset and StartNXT Next R/W Read/WriteRCD RecordOBJ Object RCV ReceiveOP Operation RD Read0/P Output RDY ReadyAppendix C. Abbreviations 341

Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation MeaningREF Reference SUB SubtractREG Register SUBP SubprogramREL Release SUBR SubroutineRELOC Relocate, Relocatable SUBSC SubscriptREQ Request, Require SUMM SummarizeRET Return SUP SuppressRH Right-Hand, Rightmost SUP SupervisorRI Read in SYNC Synchronize, SynchronizerRLS Reels SYM SymbolRLTV Relative SYSRx System Reserved Word (x is a digit)RM Record Mark SYST SystemRO Read Out SW SwitchRPT ReportRSLT Result TBL TableRST Reset TECHNQE TechniqueRSTRT Restart TEMP TemporaryRT Right TERM Terminal, TerminateRTE Route TM TapemarkRTN Routine TMN TransmissionRWD Rewind TMT TransmitTOT TotalSAD Sector Address TP TapeSAT Satellite TR TransferSAR System Action Required TRK TrackSCHEI) Schedule, Scheduler TRLR TrailerSCN Scan TRUNC Truncate, TruncationSCTR Sector TST TestSECT Section TU Tape UnitSEL Select TV Transfer VectorSEN Sense TW TypewriterSEQ SequenceSEQNO Sequence Number UA User AreaSER Serial UAR User Action RequiredSEG Segment UFLO UnderflowSIG Signal UNC UnconditionalSIM Simulator UNLD UnloadSK Skeleton UNPKD UnpackedSLET System Location Equivalence Table UTIL UtilitySMStorage MaskSNGL Single V VersionSOCAL System Load-On-Call Subroutine VAL ValueSP Space VAR VariableSRCH Search VIOL ViolationSPEC Specification, Specify VOL VolumeSTStoreSTA Station WD WordSTD Standard WM Word MarkSTG Storage, Storing WR WriteSTMNT Statement WRK WorkSTP Standard Precision WS Working Storage342

Abbreviation Meaning Abbreviation MeaningW/ With 1st FirstW/O Without 2nd Second3rd ThirdXPL Explain, Explanation 4th FourthXR1 Index Register 1 5th FifthXR2 Index Register 2 6th SixthXR3 Index Register 3 7th SeventhXTR Extra 8th Eighth9thNinthZZeroZNZoneAppendix C. Abbreviations 343

APPENDIX D. MICROFICHE REFERENCE TABLEDisk Monitor Microfiche Disk Monitor MicroficheSystem Component Identification System Component IdentificationSystem Loader Phase 17 KAA. 017.00(Paper Tape) Phase 18 KAA. 018.00Bootstrap BAA. 001.00 Phase 19 KAA. 019.00Phase 1 BAA. 002.00 Phase 20 KAA. 020.00Phase 2 BAA. 003.00 Phase 21 KAA. 021.00Phase 22 KAA. 022.00System Loader (Card) Phase 23 KAA. 023.00Bootstrap BAA. 004.00 Phase 24 KAA. 024.00Core Image Loader BAA. 005.00 Phase 25 KAA. 025.00Phase 1 BAA. 006.00 Phase 26 KAA. 026.00Phase 2 BAA. 007.00 Phase 27 KAA. 027.00Disk Utility ProgramAssembler ProgramDUPCO JAA. 001.00 Phase 0 MAA. 001.00DCTL JAA. 002.00 Phase 1 MAA. 007.00STORE JAA. 003.00 Phase 1A MAA. 008.00FILEQ JAA. 004.00 Phase 2 MAA. 012.00DDUMP JAA. 005.00 Phase 2A MAA. 013.00DMPLT JAA. 006.00 Phase 3 MAA. 010.00DE LET JAA. 007.00 Phase 4 MAA. 011.00DFINE JAA. 008.00 Phase 5 MAA. 015.00DEXIT JAA. 009.00 Phase 6 MAA. 016.00CDFAC JAA. 010.00 Phase 7 MAA. 017.00KBFAC JAA. 011.00 Phase 7A MAA. 018.00PTFAC JAA. 012.00 Phase 8 MAA. 019.00PRE CI JAA. 013.00 Phase 8A MAA. 020.00Phase 9 MAA. 014.00FORTRAN Compiler Phase 10 MAA. 003.00Phase 1 KAA. 001.00 Phase 10A MAA. 009.00Phase 2 KAA. 002.00 Phase 11 MAA. 004.00Phase 3 KAA. 003.00 Phase 12 MAA. 005.00Phase 4 KAA. 004.00 Error Message Phase MAA. 006.00Phase 5 KAA. 005.00 Punch ConversionPhase 6 KAA. 006.00 Phase MAA. 021.00Phase 7 KAA. 007.00 Read Conversion Phase MAA. 002.00Phase 8 KAA. 008.00Phase 9 KAA. 009.00 SupervisorPhase 10 KAA. 010.00 Monitor Control RecordPhase 11 KAA. 011.00 Analyzer NAA. 001.00Phase 12 KAA. 012.00 System Core DumpPhase 13 KAA. 013.00 Program NAA. 002.00Phase 14 KAA. 014.00 Auxiliary Supervisor NAA. 003.00Phase 15 KAA. 015.00Phase 16 KAA. 016.00 Core Load Builder OAA. 001.00Appendix D. Microfiche Reference Table 345

Disk Monitor Microfiche Disk Monitor MicroficheSystem Component Identification System Component IdentificationSystem Device Subroutines PAA. 001.00 FIXI SAA. 005.00FLOAT SAA. 005.00Standard Precision IFIX SAA. 005.00Arithmetic and Function NORM SAA. 005.00Subroutines SNR SAA. 005.00FADI) RAA. 001.00 XDD SAA. 006.00FAXI RAA. 001.00 XMD SAA. 006.00FDIV RAA. 001.00 XMDS SAA. 006.00FDVII. RAA. 001.00FGETP RAA. 001.00 FORTRAN CommonFLD RAA. 002.00 Subroutines (NoFMPY RAA. 002.00 Precision)FSBR RAA. 002.00 FBTD TAA. 001.00FABS RAA. 002.00 IABS TAA. 001.00FATN RAA. 002.00 XSQR TAA. 001.00FAXB RAA. 003.00 PAUSE TAA. 001.00FEXP RAA. 003.00 STOP TAA, 002.00FLN RAA. 003.00 SUBIN TAA. 002.00FSIGN RAA. 003.00 SUBSC TAA. 002.00FS1N RAA. 003.00 TTEST TAA. 002.00FSQR RAA. 004.00 DATSW TAA. 002.00FTANH RAA. 004.00 DVCHK TAA. 003.00SEAR RAA. 004.00 FCTST TAA. 003.00SFIF RAA. 004.00 ISIGN TAA. 003.00OVERF TAA. 003.00Extended Precision PDUMP TAA. 003.00Arithmetic and Function SLITE TAA. 004.00Subroutines TSTOP TAA. 004.00EADD SAA. 001.00 TSTRT TAA. 004.00EAXI SAA. 001.00EDIV SAA. 001.00 FORTRAN TraceEDVR SAA. 001.00 SubroutinesEGETP SAA, 001.00 SGOTO TAA. 009.00ELD SAA. 002.00 STAR TAA. 009.00EMPY SAA. 002.00 SIIF TAA. 009.00ESBR SAA. 002.00EABS SAA. 002.00 FORTRAN ConversionEATN SAA. 002.00 Subroutines and TablesEAXB SAA. 003.00 EBCTB TAA. 006.00EEXP SAA. 003.00 GETAD TAA. 006.00ELN SAA. 003.00 HOLEZ TAA. 007.00ESIGN SAA. 003.00 HOLTB TAA. 007.00ESIN SAA. 003.00ESQR SAA. 004.00 FORTRAN I/O SubroutinesETANH SAA. 004.00 SDFIO TAA. 004.00SEAR SAA. 004.00 SDFND TAA. 005.00SEIF SAA. 004.00 SFIO TAA. 005.00FARO' SAA. 004.00 UFIO TAA. 006.00346

Disk Monitor Microfiche Disk Monitor MicroficheSystem Component Identification System Component IdentificationFORTRAN Device ZIPCO UAA. 007.00Subroutines BIDE C UAA. 007.00CARDZ TAA. 006.00 BIND C UAA. 007.00PAPTZ TAA. 007.00 BINHX UAA. 007.00PNCHZ TAA. 007.00 CPE BC UAA. 008.00PRNTZ TAA. 008.00 CPHOL UAA. 008.00PRNZ TAA. 008.00 CPPT3 UAA. 008.00READZ TAA. 008.00 DCBIN UAA. 008.00TYPE Z TAA. 008.00 DE CBI UAA. 008.00WRTYZ TAA. 008.00 EBCCP UAA. 009.00EBHOL UAA. 009.00Interrupt Level EBPA UAA. 009.00Subroutines (ILS s) EBPT3 UAA. 009.00ILSOO UAA. 001.00 HLE BC UAA. 009.00ILSO1 UAA. 001.00 HLPT3 UAA. 010.00ILSO2 UAA. 001.00 HOLCP UAA. 010.00ILSO3 UAA. 001.00 HOLL UAA. 010.00ILSO4 UAA. 001.00 PR TY UAA. 010.00PT3CP UAA. 010.00Interrupt Service PT3EB UAA. 011.00Subroutines (ISSs) PTHOL UAA. 011.00CARDO UAA. 002.00CARD1 UAA. 002.00 Utility Dump SubroutinesOMPR1 UAA. 002.00 DMP80 UAA. 011.00PAPT1 UAA. 002.00 DMTDO UAA. 011.00PAPTN UAA. 002.00 DMPD1 UAA. 012.00PAPTX UAA. 003.00PLOT1 UAA. 003.00 System SubroutinesPNCHO UAA. 003.00 SYSUP UAA. 013.00PNCH1 UAA. 003.00 FLIPR UAA. 012.00PRNT1 UAA. 004.00PRNT3 UAA. 004.00 Mainline ProgramsREADO UAA. 004.00 ADRWS UAA. 014.00READ1 UAA. 004.00 COPY UAA. 014.00TYPE 0 UAA. 005.00 DISC UAA. 015.00WRTYO UAA. 005.00 DLCIB UAA. 016.00DSLE T UAA. 016.00Conversion Subroutines IDENT UAA. 017.00and Tables ID UAA. 017.00EBPRT UAA. 005.00 MODIF UAA. 018.00HOLE B UAA. 005.00 PTUTL UAA. 019.00HOLPR UAA. 006.00 CALPR UAA. 019.00HXBIN UAA. 006.00 FSLEN UAA. 019.00PAPEB UAA. 006.00 RDREC UAA. 020.00PAPHL UAA. 006.00PAPPR UAA. 006.00 Plotter SubroutinesSPEED UAA. 007.00 E CHAR VAA. 001.00Appendix D. Microfiche Reference Table 347

Disk Monitor Microfiche Disk Monitor MicroficheSystem Component Identification System Component IdentificationECHRX VAA. 001.00 PRNT2 WAA. 002.00EGRID VAA. 001.00 SCAT1 WAA. 003.00EPLOT VAA. 001.00 STRTB WAA. 004.00ERULE VAA. 002.00FCHAR VAA. 002.00 Stand-alone ProgramsFCHRX VAA. 002.00 Cold Start Card ZAA. 001.00FGRID VAA. 002.00 Console PrinterFPL OT VAA. 003.00 Core DumpFRULE VAA. 003.00 (Paper Tape) ZAA. 003.00PLOTI VAA. 003.00 Console PrinterPLOTX VAA. 003.00 Core DumpPOINT VAA. 003.00 (Card) ZAA. 002.00SCALE VAA. 004.00 DCIP ZAA. 004.00SCALE VAA. 004.00 1132/1403 PrinterXYPLT VAA. 004.00 Core Dump(Paper Tape)SCA Interrupt Service Phase 1 ZAA. 007.00Subroutines (ISSs),Conversion Subroutines,and Conversion TablesPhase 21132/1403 PrinterCore Dump (Card)ZAA. 008.00EBC48 WAA. 001.00 Phase 1 ZAA. 005.00110L48 WAA. 001.00 Phase 2 ZAA. 006.00HOLCA WAA, 001.00 PTREP ZAA. 009.00HXCV WAA. 001.00 UCART ZAA. 010.00:348

APPENDIX E: DISK DATA FORMATSFORTRAN Integer Data:A FORTRAN integer can always be contained in oneword (16 bits) regardless of the amount of disk storageallocated for the integer. If the *ONE WORDINTEGERS control card is used in the job whichcreates the FORTRAN disk data file, one data wordis allocated for each integer; otherwise, disk storageallocation for each integer is that specified forreal variables (2 or 3 words).Example: The integer field +32767 appears on adisk file beginning * at record word n as describedbelow.With one word integers and standard or extendedprecision specified:RecordWord:Content: /7FFFWith standard precision only specified:RecordWord: n-1Content: /7FFF /XXXXwhere /XXXX represents a fill word (meaninglessdata).With extended precision only specified:RecordWord: n-2Content: /7FFFn-1/XXXX /XXXXwhere /XXXX represents a fill word.*FORTRAN disk file build proceeds backwards fromthe 320th word of each disk sector.Two Word Integer Data:A two-word integer is an integer which can be representedin two or less words (32 bits). Two words ofdisk storage are allocated for each two-word integer.One word integers may appear in the same disk datafile as two-word integers, but extended precisionreal variables may not be used in a file which containstwo-word integers.Example: Thetwo-word integer field +500 appearson a disk file beginning at record word n asRecordWord: n-1Content: /0000 /01 F4FORTRAN REAL DATA:A complete description of FORTRAN real data appearsin the IBM 1130 Subroutine Library, FormC26-5929.FORTRAN A-FORMATTED DATA (integer and real):This data format is described in the IBM 1130/1800Basic FORTRAN IV Language, Form C26-3715.Commercial Subroutine Package (CSP) Al FORMAT:CSP Al format consists of 1 character per 16-bitword, left-justified:D character I blankbits I7The righthand 8 bit always contain the blank character/40. This blank is inserted by the CSP subroutines.CSP A2 FORMAT:CSP A2 format consists of two characters per word:character 1 characterbits 78CSP A3 FORMATCSP A3 format represents 3 characters as a one-wordinteger. The user supplies a 40 character translationtable and the A3 integer is formed from the relative(to card column 40) positions of each character in thistable.A3 integer = (N1-20)*1600+(N2*40)+N3where N1, N2 and N3 are the relative translationtable positions of the first, second and third chara-15• APPENDIX E. 349

cters respectively.CSP D1 FORMAT:CSP Dl format consists of one digit per word, rightjustified,representation as described below:00000000 0000 digitbits 0 78 15Example: The six-digit field 001968 appears ona disk file beginning at record word n as follows:RecordWord: n-5 n-4 n-3 n-2 n-1 nContent: /0008 /0006 /0009 /0001 /0000 /0000The sign of the field is reflected in the low order(digit) word of the field, this word being the ones'complement of the digit if the field is negative.Example: The six-digit field -001968 appears ona disk file beginning at record word n as follows:RecordWord: n-5Content: /FFF7n-4 n-3 n-2 n-1/0006 /0009 /0001 /0000 /0000CSP D4 FORMAT:CSP D4 format consists in general of four decimaldigits per word, with each digit occupying four bitsof the word. However, since the low order digitcarries the sign of the field, it is handled separately,and is placed by itself in the last word of the D4field. Any 4-bit blocks not used in the field arefilled with /F. This format is best illustrated withexamples.Example 1: The five-digit field +12345 appears ona disk file beginning at record word n as follows:RecordWords n-1Content: /0005 /1234Example 2: The six-digit field +123456 appears ona disk file beginning at record word n as follows:RecordWord: n-2Content: /0006RecordWord: n-2Contents /FFF8n-1/5FFF /1234Example 3: The seven-digit field -1234567 appearson a disk file beginning at record word n as follows:n-1/56FF /1234349. 1 •

APPENDIX F: DIAGNOSTIC CAPABILITIESAll DFCNV error messages and their identifying conversion begins. Any diagnostic except warningnumbers (listed below) are printed on the principal messages (indicated below) causes program terprinter.All diagnostics are printed before data mination.No. Message CauseF01INVALID DESCRIP-TION CARD FIELD-COL, XX1) 1.Numeric field at card column XX outside11 allowable field range.' 2. Unrecognizable character in field atcard column XX.F02 FILE NAME NOT 1) 1. LET/FLET entry not found for file namedIN LET/FLET-Y „ on File Description card." 2. File name given on File Description cardinvalid.Y=1, input file error=0, output file errorF03FILE SIZE INVALID- 1) File size calculated from File DescriptionYdata exceeds actual file size.4)F04 INVALID FIELD SPE- 1. Numeric field of specification startingCIFICATION SYN- at card column XX outside allowable fieldTAX-COL. XXrange.2. Unrecognizable Character in field of3) specification starting at card column XX.Embedded s or intervening blanks onField Specification card.4. J-field type specification detectedstarting at card column XX when extendedprecision was specified.F05 CSP A3 TABLE No A (col 72) card precedes/■ card whenMISSINGF-field specified.F06 INVALID CARD 2) 1. Unrecognizable card precedes /*cardS EQUENCE il (column 72 not D, S, or A).;( 2. Multiple File Description cards read.p 3. File Description card out of order." 4. No Field S ecification card precedes/• card.No. Message Cause,5) F07 TRUNCATIONOCCURS AT COL.XXX.2)High order truncation occurs in output fieldat column XXX.1)F08 CARD INPUT Card input is specified when principal inputINVALIDdevice is console keyboard.F09 OUTPUT RECORD Sum of individual field lengths exceedsLENGTH INVALID specified record length for output.F10FIELD OUT OFRANGE AT COL.XXX OF RECORbYYYYY2)RPG real number field starting at columnXXX has been set to zeroes or nines inrecord YYYYY.1) Program termination immediate.2) Warning only.3) No columns indication.4) It is noted that certain invalid field specification formats and/or invalidcontinuation marks (comma or blank allowable) which produce the F04error message offset the "next" specification checked for validity. Thatis, the field specification immediately following is performed and no compressionis built.Example: The Field Specification cardCol. 1 726-16,I-15,X4produces the following error message. F04 INVALID FIELD SPECIFICA-TION SYNTAX - COL. 01.The invalid specification 1-15 will not be diagnosed until the specification6-16 is corrected to read 6-16.0.5) Extraneous truncation warnings may result from certain invalid fieldspecifications.• APPENDIX F. 349. 2

APPENDIX G: FIELD TYPE COMPRESSIONSCompression for I-, J- and R-field type:Compression for X-field type:Word Contents1 Address of I-, J- or R-conversion subroutine. Word Contents2 The displacement in characters to the start of the 1 Address of X-conversion subroutine3 bit 0-7bit 8bits 9-15RPG output field in binary (equivalent to thespecified RPG column -1),Precision (field length) of output field in binary1 if output field is to be packed, 0 if not.Scale of output field in binary2 Number of words to be bypassedCompression for B- and C-field type:Word Contents123 bits 0-7bits 8-9bits 10-15Address of B (C) - conversion subroutineThe displacement in characters to the start of theRPG output field in binary (equivalent to the specifiedRPG column -1).Precision of output field in binary.Number of words per entry.Number of characters per entry.Compression for D- and E-field type:Word Contents123 bits 0-7bit 8bits 9-154 bits 0-7bits 8-15Address of D- or E-conversion subroutineThe displacement in characters to the start of theRPG output field in binary (equivalent to the specifiedRPG column -1).Precision of output field in binary1 if output field is to be packed, 0 if notScale of output field in binaryCSP precision in binaryCSP scale in binaryCompression for F-field type:Word Contents1 Address of F-conversion subroutine2 The displacement in characters to the start of theRPG output field in binary (equivalent to the specifiedRPG column -1)3 Hexadecimal constant /03414 Number of characters to be converted349.3.

INDEXAssembler program 65Communications area 66Core layout 71Double-buffering 67Error message phase 71Flowcharts 220General 65Intermediate I/O 67Introduction 2Overlay area 66Phase 0 67Phase 1 67Phase lA 67Phase 2 68Phase 2A 68Phase 3 68Phase 4 68Phase 5 68Phase 6 69Phase 7 69Phase 7A 69Phase 8 69Phase 8A 69Phase 9 69Phase 10 70Phase 10A 71Phase 11 71Phase 12 71Phase 13 71Program operation 65Punch conversion phase 71Read conversion phase 71Symbol table 66Auxiliary supervisor 23Cartridge-dependent parametersCOMMA 3DCOM 3CIB (see core image buffer)Cold start loader 15Cold start program 15Cold start programs 15Cold start loader 15Cold start program 15Core layout 15Flowcharts 191Introduction 1COMMA (in-core communication area) 3(see also resident monitor)Communications areas 3Cartridge-dependent parameters 3Disk-resident (DCOM) 3Drive-dependent parameters 3Introduction 1In-core (COMMA) 3Core image buffer (CIB)Core load builder 34Core image loader 27Core layout 28Debugging/analysis aids 30Flowcharts 203Introduction 1Phase 1 27Phase 2 27Special techniques 27, 28Core load builder 33Core image buffer (CIB) 34Core layout 33Debugging/analysis aids 42DEFINE FILE table 39Disk buffers 34FILES information 35Flowcharts 205General comments 33G2250 information 35Interrupt branch table (IBT) 35Interrupt level subroutines (ILSs) 37Introduction 2ISS table 35Linkage to LOCALs 37Linkage to SOCALs 38Load table 35LOCAL information 35LOCALs 37NOCAL information 35Overlay scheme 33Pass 1 36Pass 2 36Phase 0 40Phase 1 40Phase 2 40Phase 3 41Phase 4 41Phase 5 41Phase 6 42Phase 7 42Phase 8 42Phase 9 42Phase 10 42Phase 11 42Phase 12 42Phase 13 42SOCALs 37Transfer vector (TV) 37DCIP 111DCOM 3DEFINE FILE table (DFT)Core load builder 39DFT (see DEFINE FILE table)Disk cartridge initialization program (DCIP) 111Index 350

Disk I/O subroutineResident monitor 17Subroutine data charts 125System library 102Disk utility program (DUP) 43CFACE phase 59Communications area (CATCO) 45Control records 44Core layout 43DCTL phase 51DDUMP phase 55DEFINE phase 57DELETE phase 57Delete Temporary LET 21DEXIT phase 58Diagnostic aids 63DUMPLET/DUMPFLET phase 56DUPCO phase 49FILEQ phase 54Fixed location equivalence table (FLET) 44Flowcharts 207Introduction 2KFACE phase 60Location equivalance table (LET) 44PFACE phase 60PRECI phase 62STORE phase 52Disk-resident communications area (DCOM) 3Drive-dependent parametersCOMMA 3DCOM 3DUP (see disk utility program)FILES control record processingDisk utility program 54Supervisor 22FILES information in SCRADisk utility program 55Supervisor 22Fixed location equivalence table (FLET) 44FLET 44Flowcharts 185Assembler program 220Cold start programs 191Core image loader 203Core load builder 205Disk utility program 207FORTRAN compiler 244Supervisor 193System library 274System loader 186FORTRAN compiler 73Communications area 76Compilation errors 81Compiler I/O 81Core layout 75Flowcharts 244General 73Introduction 2Phase area 77Phase objectives 73Phase 1 82Phase 2 82Phase 3 83Phase 4 83Phase 5 84Phase 6 84Phase 7 85Phase 8 85Phase 9 86Phase 10 86Phase 11 87Phase 12 88Phase 13 89Phase 14 89Phase 15 90Phase 16 91Phase 17 92Phase 18 93Phase 19 94Phase 20 94Phase 21 95Phase 22 95Phase 23 95Phase 24 96Phase 25 96Phase 26 96Phase 27 96Statement string 80String area 77Symbol table 78GraphicsAssembler program 69,71G2250 control record processingDisk utility program 55Supervisor 22G2250 information in SCRADisk utility program 55Supervisor 22IBT (see interrupt branch table)ILSs (see interrupt level subroutines)Interrupt branch table (IBT)Core load builder 35Interrupt level subroutines (ILSs)Core load builder 37Skeleton supervisor 17System library 105Interrupt service subroutines (ISSs)Subroutine data charts 152System library 102Introduction 1ISSs (see interrupt service subroutines)Job Control Record Processing 20LET 44LOCAL control record processingDisk utility program 54Supervisor 22LOCAL information in SCRADisk utility program 55Supervisor 22LOCAL linkage in TV 37LOCALs 37Location equivalence table (LET) 44351

Master cartridge updating 97MCRA (see monitor control record analyzer)Monitor control record analyzer (MCRA) 19JOB control record processing 19Other control record processing 20System update program 20NOCAL control record processingDisk utility program 54Supervisor 22NOCAI, information in SCRADisk utility program 55Supervisor 22ProceduresCore dump 115Core location 115Generalized subroutine maintenance/analysis 120Identification of the failing component or function 113Program analysis 113Subroutine looping 120Trace back 120Program analysis procedures 113Core block diagrams 115Core dump procedures 115Core Location procedures 115Generalized subroutine maintenance/analysis procedure 120Identification of the failing component or function 113Introduction 113Subroutine data charts 125Subroutine error number list 115Subroutine error stop list 115Subroutine looping capabilities 120Summary 113Trace back procedure 120Reload tableSystem loader 14Resident monitor 17COMMA 17Disk I/O subroutine 17Flowcharts 193Introduction 1Skeleton supervisor 17SCRA (see supervisor control record area)Skeleton supervisor 17CALL LINK, CALL EXIT, CALL DUMP processor 17Error traps 17ILSs 17SLETSystem loader 13SOCAL linkage in TV 38SOCALs 37Stand-alone utilities 111DCIP 111Introduction 2UCART 112Subroutine data charts 125CARDZ 140CARDO 152CARD1 154DISKN 180DISKZ 138DISK1 177OMPR1 174PAPTN 170PAPTZ 150PAPT1 168PLOT1 172PNCHZ 142PNCHO 158PNCHI 160PRNTZ 148PRNT1 164PRNT3 166PRNZ 147READZ 144READO 156READ1 157System device subroutine for console printer 130System device subroutine for disk 138System device subroutine for keyboard/console printer 125System device subroutine for 1132 132System device subroutine for 1134/1055 136System device subroutine for 1403 134System device subroutine for 1442/1442 126System device subroutine for 2501/1442 128TYPEZ 145TYPEO 162WRTYZ 146WRTYO 176Subroutine error numbers 115Subroutine error stops 115Supervisor 19Job Control Record Processing 20System update Program 20Delete Temporary LET 21Auxiliary supervisor 23Core layout 24Introduction 1Monitor control record analyzer (MCRA) 19XEQ control record processor 21System core dump program 23Supervisor control record area (SCRA)Disk utility program 55Supervisor 22Supervisor control record processingDisk utility program 54Supervisor 22Symbol tableAssembler program 66FORTRAN compiler 78System core dump program 23System device subroutines 109Introduction 2Subroutine data charts 125System library 99Arithmetic and function subroutines, common 100, 102Index 352

Arithmetic and function subroutines, extended precision 99, 101Arithmetic and function subroutines, standard precision 100, 101Conversion subroutines 103Conversion tables 103Disk Data File Conversion Program 107.1Flowcharts 107. 1General program description 1 07.1Part 1. Entry Point 107. 2Internal Subroutines-part 1 1 07.1Part 2. Entry Point 107.1Internal Subroutine-part 2 1 07.1Part 3. Entry Point 107. 2Internal Subroutine-part 3 107. 2Part 4. Entry Point 107.2Internal Subroutines-part 4 107. 3External Subroutines-part 4 107. 3Flowcharts 274FORTRAN common 99, 101FORTRAN conversion 101FORTRAN I/O 100FORTRAN sign transfer 99FORTRAN trace 100Interrupt level subroutines (ILSs) 104, 105Interrupt service subroutines (ISSs) 102Introduction 2Mainline programs 104, 105Plotter subroutines 104SCA subroutines 103SCAT 1 108SCAT 2 108. 5SCAT 3 108.12Utility subroutines 99System Loader 9Cartridge identification sector 13Core layout 12Flowcharts 186Introduction 1Phase 1 9Phase 2 10Reload table 14System location equivalence table (SLET) 13System location equivalence table (SLET)System loader 13I System update Program 20Transfer vector (TV)Core load builder 37TV (see transfer vector)XEQ control record processor 21Supervisor control record area (SCRA) 22Supervisor control record processing 22XEQ control record processing 21353

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