Cheyenne & Arapaho Tribes Comprehensive Plan - Cheyenne and ...
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“We are the l<strong>and</strong>. Weacknowledge our relationshipto the l<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> the legacyour ancestors entrusted tous, which is a remnant ofour once vast l<strong>and</strong> holdings.We envision a futureof cultural wealth <strong>and</strong>wholeness where ourchildren <strong>and</strong> elders livein a prosperous <strong>and</strong>sustainable l<strong>and</strong>scapethat is our territory asTsistsistas <strong>and</strong> Hinónóéí.”
Néá’êšemenoNéá’ešeHohóúNéá’ešeHahóoNéá’êšemenoHahóoNéá’êšemenoBébi’íniNéá’êšemeHohóúHahóoNéá’ešeBébi’íni HahóoHohóú Néá’êšeme Bébi’íniNéá’êšemenoNéá’ešeBébi’íniNéá’ešeNéá’êšemeNéá’ešeNéá’êšemeHahóoHohóúNéá’êšemeNéá’êšemenoMelvin Roman Nose, Coordinator, EnergyConservation/ EECBGMinita Runningwater, Executive Director,Department of HealthLarry Scott, Construction Manager, EconomicDevelopmentLaDonna Tall Bear, EPAHerbert Whitebuffalo, Project Specialist, RoadsConstruction ProgramMichael Whitecloud, Culture & HeritageEconomic DevelopmentBrian Foster, CEO, CasinosGloria Smith, General Manager, Feather WarriorCasinoChester Whiteman, Director, EconomicDevelopmentBilly Williamson, Media, Department of EducationDeborah Woolworth, Executive Director, TribalEnrollmentOklahoma City <strong>and</strong> Oklahoma State Data ServicesAmerican Horse CouncilAECOMDesign + <strong>Plan</strong>ningBruce Meighen, AICP, Principal-in-ChargeCameron Gloss, AICP, Project ManagerMegan Moore, ASLA, Assoc. AIA, Design LeadMaria Michieli-Best, Graphic LayoutGretchen Bustillos, Graphic DesignCasey Smith, GISEconomicsChris BrewerWes LeBlancRichard StarrSpecial Thanks To:Carolyn Washee Freel<strong>and</strong>, CWF <strong>Plan</strong>ning Services,LLC
A WelcomeThis <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> represents a sharedvision for the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong><strong>and</strong> the necessary steps to achieve the vision.Based on over twenty public events spreadover 6,000 square miles <strong>and</strong> attended by over350 participants, this <strong>Plan</strong> is written as a clearguide to future Tribal decision-making far intothe future.The <strong>Plan</strong> focuses on:• A description of the rich <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> cultures <strong>and</strong> those uniquequalities associated with the <strong>Tribes</strong>’substantial l<strong>and</strong> holdings.• An extensive public involvement processto underst<strong>and</strong> Tribal members’ vision forfuture economic growth, transportation,utilities, l<strong>and</strong> use, recreation, employment<strong>and</strong> housing.
The purpose of the <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> is tosupport the traditional culture <strong>and</strong> valuesof the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people...The <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>:• Gives general, advisory guidance;• Is long-range (50+ years); <strong>and</strong>• Is the official policy document adopted by the <strong>Tribes</strong>.A <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> creates an environment thatfosters an enhanced quality of life for Tribal residents<strong>and</strong> helps the <strong>Tribes</strong> respond effectively to citizens’ social,environmental, <strong>and</strong> development concerns.To that end, the <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> will be designed to:• Improve the health, safety, quality oflife, <strong>and</strong> welfare of the <strong>Tribes</strong>;• Provide a unified vision for the <strong>Tribes</strong>;• Achieve rational <strong>and</strong> logical patternsof growth;• Identify feasible economicdevelopment strategies;• Maintain a desirable level ofenvironmental quality;• Be fiscally sustainable; <strong>and</strong>• Be built on the core valuesof Kinship, Trust <strong>and</strong> Loyalty,Teamwork, Respect, KindredSocieties, <strong>and</strong> Self Identity
...<strong>and</strong> to make strategic future decisionsabout where to acquire l<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> invest inroads, utilities <strong>and</strong> economic enterprises sothat the l<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> culture of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> is preserved.• Evaluation of options for future economicopportunities on l<strong>and</strong>s controlled by the<strong>Tribes</strong>, including means to achieve greaterTribal self-sufficiency.• Preparation of a detailed implementationstrategy that creates a blueprint for futureaction.To start the comprehensive plan effort,existing information was collected to create abaseline of current conditions, conclusions <strong>and</strong>recommendations of existing plans; providinga catalog of current conditions including social,environmental, <strong>and</strong> economic factors; <strong>and</strong>identifying initial areas of opportunity <strong>and</strong>constraint. Included was an assessment ofneeds <strong>and</strong> opportunities, a survey of existingnatural conditions, <strong>and</strong> an evaluation ofthe <strong>Tribes</strong>’ l<strong>and</strong> holdings <strong>and</strong> status. Thisinformation provided necessary analytical datato test options, develop policies, <strong>and</strong> refine thevision.Existing <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> planningstudies consulted include:• 2009 Base Studies Report, 2009. CWF<strong>Plan</strong>ning Services• Economic Impact Study, 2007. WHPacific.• Culture <strong>and</strong> Heritage Survey, 2008.<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Culture <strong>and</strong>Heritage Program.• <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> DemographicHealth <strong>and</strong> Communities Survey, 2009.University of Oklahoma, Dr. Loretta Bass.• <strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> Housing Study, 2009• <strong>Comprehensive</strong> Economic DevelopmentStrategy, 2011.This document is composed of five Chapters:Chapter One, Our Foundation, begins byreflecting historical notes, stories <strong>and</strong> images ofTribal culture, history <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong> use traditions.Chapter Two, Values-Based Vision, describesthe values of Tribal members <strong>and</strong> how thosevalues shape the vision of future growth.Chapter Three, Guiding Principles, takesthe vision to the next level, outlining theframework for development <strong>and</strong> the growth <strong>and</strong>preservation principles applied to Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s.Chapter Four, Community Asset Areas,describes the physical places where the <strong>Tribes</strong>see the greatest opportunity to create change.Ten sites, their economic potential, <strong>and</strong> specificactions to see them realized are explored.Chapter Five, <strong>Plan</strong> Implementation, shows howthe <strong>Tribes</strong> can capture economic opportunities,<strong>and</strong> outlines a specific set of goals organizedby immediate, short-, mid-, <strong>and</strong> long-termmeasures.
<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
table of contentsChapter One Foundation 1Chapter Two Values-Based Vision 25Chapter Three Guiding Principles 39Chapter Four Community Asset Areas 61Chapter Five <strong>Plan</strong> Implementation 93Appendix A Values Polling Results 125Welcome
OneOur FoundationCulture, history <strong>and</strong> the l<strong>and</strong> form the basis ofour unique identity as <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>.Chapter One, Our Foundation, includes anexplanation of our historical origins <strong>and</strong>traditions. Elements covered in this sectioninclude our relationship with nature, ourtraditional housing, our clothing, stories, songs,food <strong>and</strong> art. With this underst<strong>and</strong>ing of ourpast, we are able to paint a picture of a futurethat reflects our Tribal culture <strong>and</strong> history.Our cultural heritage can be retained onlyby passing down this knowledge throughthe education of the Tribal population,particularly the youth. Education will occurinformally through our families <strong>and</strong> day-to-dayinteractions with fellow Tribal members <strong>and</strong>,in a more structured way, through Tribal youthprograms <strong>and</strong> the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>Tribal College.
WheelerRoger MillsOur L<strong>and</strong>The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Tribal L<strong>and</strong>s areheld in a fragmented checkerboard patternover a nine-county area. Just over 80,000 acres(125 square miles) of the 6,676 square miles ofl<strong>and</strong> within the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> servicearea is controlled as l<strong>and</strong> held in trust by theU.S. Government, either for the <strong>Tribes</strong> or forindividual Tribal members. About 10,000 acresare leased for grazing, crop production <strong>and</strong>energy development.This checkerboard Tribal ownership patternwas created largely as a result of the GeneralAllotment Act of 1887 (Dawes Act). Under thisAct, each head of a family received a 160-acreallotment; each single person over 18 <strong>and</strong> everyorphan received an 80-acre allotment for astatutory period of 25 years.The government opened the sale of any surplusl<strong>and</strong> within the former reservation area to non-Native American settlement, thus creating thecheckerboard pattern. <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>l<strong>and</strong> ownership eroded over time as propertyheirs further divided l<strong>and</strong>. Much of the originall<strong>and</strong> allotted to the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> wassold after the statutory period lapsed.LipscombEllisHemphillEllisHemphillRoger MillsWoodwardEllisRoger MillsBeckhamWheelerBeckham§¨¦ 40CollingsworthBeckhamBeckhamGreerB2 <strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Our CultureTsistsistas <strong>and</strong> Hinónóéí are among the 564 first nations referred to as indigenous peoples,xamaa-voestaneo’o, <strong>and</strong> “the natural, ordinary, simple people of this l<strong>and</strong>.”Tribal philosophers concur that the <strong>Tribes</strong>’ life, culture <strong>and</strong> environment is composed of thefour basic elements: water, earth, wind <strong>and</strong> fire. The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> exist in aninterdependent, interrelated extended family where everything st<strong>and</strong>s in proper relationshipto everything else. They are a part of the environment <strong>and</strong> the environment is a part of them.Literally planted in the l<strong>and</strong>’s surface, they are to live as responsible stewards of the earth.WaterThe first of the four elements traditionallyequated with life is water. Since the humanbody is nearly 75% water, we consist of therivers, streams, lakes <strong>and</strong> ponds around us.Water forges relationships, resulting in auniversal connection of all life, from humanbeings to plants <strong>and</strong> animals. Water formsconnections, whether it falls from the skies asrain or st<strong>and</strong>s in lakes <strong>and</strong> pools, whether itflows in rivers <strong>and</strong> streams or is stored deepunderground in aquifers, whether frozen as ice,heated as steam, or circling as fog.EarthEarth (or l<strong>and</strong>) symbolizes the kinship ofall life. Red earth is the beginning of allsubstances on earth, in which humans arespiritually rooted or attached. Molded fromdirt, soil, clay, mud or dust, we come from theearth, belong to the earth, journey in life acrossthis earth, <strong>and</strong> in the end, return to this earth.WindIt is said that in the beginning, the “AllSpirit” breathed upon the world, thus givingit life. Life is that magnificent human journeybetween two breaths, the first at birth, thelast at death. Wind is associated with breath<strong>and</strong> words. Words contain the power to bringhappiness or to hurt, <strong>and</strong> must be usedcarefully. The breath of earth is the invisible<strong>and</strong> odorless mixture of gases which envelops<strong>and</strong> protects the earth, holding all life togetherin an interconnected whole.4 <strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Medicine WheelFireThe fourth basic element is fire or light. Thereis an unseen fire hidden within that gives offwarmth; the fire we carry within makes usrelated to fire, firelight <strong>and</strong> sunlight, <strong>and</strong> to thesun. It is this fire that burns in all life.Source: Dr. Henrietta MannOur Foundation5
Our CultureBen Depew, Life Among the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>s (pg. 13c).ShelterTipiAs <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> cultures becamemore nomadic, they used tipis constructed ofbuffalo hides that could be easily erected <strong>and</strong>taken down as each Tribe moved from place toplace. Since they moved frequently to followthe buffalo herds, a tipi had to be carefullydesigned to set up <strong>and</strong> break down quickly. Anentire village could be packed up <strong>and</strong> ready tomove on within an hour.Both <strong>Tribes</strong> utilize a three-pole tripod as thebasic support structure. Similar in appearance,tipis are designed to accommodate an indoorfire for heating <strong>and</strong> cooking. Two smoke flapsat the top of the tipi can be adjusted with longpoles. These smoke flaps are set at right anglesto the wind, preventing it from blowing in. Theliner adds insulation in winter, <strong>and</strong> assists incirculating air within the tipi. In hot weather,the lining is removed <strong>and</strong> the outside skin isunpegged <strong>and</strong> rolled up to create ventilation.Image source: http://www.c-a-tribes.org/historical-photographcollection,September 2010.6 <strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
ENGLISH CHEYENNE ARAPAHOOne Na’ėstse CeeseyTwo Néše NiisThree Na’he NeesoFour Neve YeinFive Nóho Yoo3onMan Hetane HinenWoman Hé’e HiseiDog Hotame or Oeškeso He3Sun Éše’he HiisiisMoon Taa’é-eše’he BiikousiisWater Mahpe NecWhite Vo’kome Nonoocoo’Yellow Heove Niihooyoo’Red Ma’ė Bee’ee’Black Mo’ohta Wo’oteeyoo’Eat Emese Bii3ihSee Evoohta Nonoohooto’Hear Enesta NeniitonootSing Enemene NiibeiinooLeave Enoohta Nonoo3ootLanguageThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> languages arepart of a larger group of Algonquian languageshistorically spoken on the Great Plains, <strong>and</strong>are related to the Blackfoot <strong>and</strong> Gros Ventre.One of the key characteristics of the languagesis that they have been passed down historicallythrough the spoken word.The importance of retaining the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> languages has been elevated inrecent years, as there have been increasedconcentration on promoting cultural pride<strong>and</strong> awareness, but there remains a threat tothe traditional languages. Previous efforts atlanguage preservation have produced a largebody of knowledge, but these efforts havenot led to a growth in the number of youngerfluent or semi-fluent speakers. <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> children learn traditional phrases, butare challenged to achieve fluency due to lack ofuse in the home.The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> LanguageProgram has been designed to try <strong>and</strong> counterthe loss of the traditional languages. TheProgram trains tribal members to be potentialteachers, to learn the languages in a naturalsetting, create teaching methodology <strong>and</strong>participate in an Apprenticeship Program. TheProgram also teaches <strong>and</strong> trains interestedTribal members to become leaders in usinglanguage in the home <strong>and</strong> the community.Our Foundation7
Our CultureGirl in buckskin dress. Photo courtesy Sharon Antelope, Leslie Panana.ClothingThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> used similarclothing designs as other Plains Indian tribes.Most clothing was made of animal hides <strong>and</strong>parts, using everything from buffalo to deer<strong>and</strong> elk. <strong>Arapaho</strong> women wore moccasins, kneelengthleggings <strong>and</strong> a dress. <strong>Arapaho</strong> men worea breechcloth, sometimes a shirt, hip-lengthdeerskin leggings <strong>and</strong> a robe. <strong>Cheyenne</strong> menwore moccasins <strong>and</strong> women wore high fringedboots. A <strong>Cheyenne</strong> women’s dress or warrior’sshirt was fringed <strong>and</strong> often decorated withporcupine quills, shells <strong>and</strong> elk teeth.8 <strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>Buckskin dress. Photo by Jeannette Sequaptawa-McNeil.Buckskin DressAlthough designs differed, both <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> women wore long buckskin dresses.<strong>Cheyenne</strong> dresses are known for the rectangledesign across the front <strong>and</strong> the shoulders.Earth paint is used to color the bottom of thedress. <strong>Cheyenne</strong> buckskin dresses traditionallyhad short fringes on the sleeves, <strong>and</strong> includethree pouches that hang down the back fromthe belt for a knife, an awl, <strong>and</strong> medicine.The <strong>Arapaho</strong> dresses were ankle-length <strong>and</strong>fringed with buckskin. Porcupine-quills,paint, elk-teeth <strong>and</strong> beads were used forornamentation. Their knee-length leggingslaced in the front <strong>and</strong> were often decoratedwith yellow ochre <strong>and</strong> b<strong>and</strong>s of quillwork.<strong>Arapaho</strong> clothing did not traditionally includepockets, so pouches were tied to the belt.
Jeannette Sequaptawa-McNeil <strong>and</strong> her baby in a cradleboard Photo byUrsula Craig, Salt Lake City, Utah.CradleboardUsed to carry babies, cradleboards are madefrom beaded leather, lined with soft cloth, <strong>and</strong>mounted on a wooden backboard. <strong>Cheyenne</strong>women used cradleboards with long decoratedpieces of wood that could be attached tothe side of the horse when traveling. Thisparticular example includes beadwork knownas “lazy stitch”, with seven beads in a row.Cradleboards were often lined with cattails orcottonwood to absorb liquid <strong>and</strong> odor.Moccassins <strong>and</strong> Pipe bags by Jeannette Sequaptawa-McNeilMoccasin DesignBoth the men’s <strong>and</strong> women’s moccasins weremade of rawhide soles <strong>and</strong> buckskin tops.Traditional <strong>Cheyenne</strong> men’s moccasins havethree matching designs along the sides <strong>and</strong>a “cedar tree” at the toe. <strong>Arapaho</strong> men’smoccasins predominately include longitudinalstripes along the top of different widths <strong>and</strong>designs.Pipe BagsThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> used pipe bags to hold thehighly respected pipes <strong>and</strong> tobacco. The pipebag represents the leadership characteristics ofsociety members, chiefs <strong>and</strong> headmen.Source: Jeannette –Sequaptawa-McNeil, Ursule Brian PrairieChiefOur Foundation9
Our CultureMusicSong <strong>and</strong> DanceThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> use music <strong>and</strong>dance as a way to celebrate, court, sacrifice<strong>and</strong> pray. Ceremonial <strong>and</strong> celebratory song<strong>and</strong> dance can be tradition, created by Tribalmembers, or received in visions. Most arepassed on orally; the Sun Dance, Vision Quest,<strong>and</strong> of war are the oldest documented, althoughit is very likely there are many older songs.Instruments<strong>Arapaho</strong> musical instruments are used toaccompany singing <strong>and</strong> sometimes dancing,<strong>and</strong> often symbolize the sounds of nature <strong>and</strong>animals. Large doubled-skinned bass drumscommonly accompany singing.DrumsThe drum remains sacred within the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> cultures; <strong>Arapaho</strong>s consider thedrum to be an animate object <strong>and</strong> refer to it thesame way they would a person or animal. It is,in a sense, alive.Both large <strong>and</strong> small drums are used during<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> events, dependentupon the occasion <strong>and</strong> number of participants.Drums used during a powwow, for example, arelarger than those used for personal spiritualpractice. Often referred to as h<strong>and</strong> drums,those used for personal playing are only largeenough for one person hold in one h<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong>strike with a drumstick.When singing with the drum at a powwow orother gathering, many people can hit the drumtogether. A typical drum group consists of tento twelve male drummer/singers, accompaniedby female singers who join partway through10Rock art<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>Sources: The <strong>Arapaho</strong> Project, Nettle. 1965.
Color Guardthe song at a higher pitch. Series of harddrumbeats occur at specific points duringthe songs, “honoring” the drum <strong>and</strong> workingin conjunction with the dancers. Dancersacknowledge the beats in different waysaccording to their style of dance. As a sign ofrespect for the instrument, a drum is not leftunattended during a powwow.FlutesAs one of the only instruments to be playedunaccompanied, the flute plays a largepart in the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> culture.Constructed with two air chambers, theinterior is separated by a wall that creates atop <strong>and</strong> bottom air chamber. The top chambergives the flute its particular sound.Flute makers historically use woods basedon the desired tone of the instrument <strong>and</strong>the material’s availability. Softwoods such assoft maple provide softer tones produced bythe wood. Other harder woods such as ash,cottonwood, harder maples, cherry <strong>and</strong> walnutproduce a clear, crisp tone that has a clearerrange of notes. Cedar is a preferred wood formaking contemporary flutes because it is soft<strong>and</strong> straight-grained, making it easier to carve.Cedar also contains natural oils that preventthe wood from becoming saturated by moisturefrom the musician’s breath.Traditional flutes were constructed using sizebased on the user’s body. The length of the flutewould be the distance from armpit to wrist,the length of the top air chamber would beone fist-width, the distance from the whistleto the first hole also a fist-width, the distancebetween holes would be one thumb-width, <strong>and</strong>the distance from the last hole to the end wouldgenerally be one fist-width.Our Foundation11
Our CultureHistoric Food SourcesThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> originallysubsisted on harvested crops <strong>and</strong> gatheredwild plant foods, in addition to the hunting ofbuffalo, elk <strong>and</strong> deer. Once the <strong>Tribes</strong> acquiredhorses, reliance on farming decreased, <strong>and</strong>greater focus was placed on following theseasonal migration of buffalo.The buffalo has held great significance to the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>. Like many otherplains tribes, the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>relied on the buffalo as a critical naturalresource. Buffalo bones, hooves, hide, guts,horn, sinew, fat <strong>and</strong> flesh were all used. Itprovided food, housing, medication, tools,ritual, <strong>and</strong> adornment. Every part of theanimal had a use <strong>and</strong> a purpose.A massive slaughter of buffalos occurredduring the 1800’s that almost exterminatedthe species. More than 60 million buffaloroamed North America prior to 1600, but, by1885, the number dwindled to 500. Buffalowere slaughtered for a multitude of reasons.At first, buffalo was a food source for railroadconstruction workers, but the numbers killedrapidly rose as hunters found buffalo to behighly profitable <strong>and</strong> recreational shooting ofbuffalo became popular with tourists. Manyalso speculate that settlers killed buffalo asa way to exercise greater control over Tribalcommunities. The destruction of buffalo herdsdisrupted the self-sufficient lifestyle of the<strong>Tribes</strong>.Ranchers, state <strong>and</strong> federal parks <strong>and</strong> tribesstarted bringing back buffalo by the end ofthe 19h century. At that time, tribes began tosign treaties with the U.S. Government in anattempt to protect the l<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> the buffalo fortheir future generations.The largest Tribal buffalo herd in Oklahomabelongs to the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong>.There are currently 260 head of buffalo on3,000 acres of native grassl<strong>and</strong>s located onthe Concho Reserve. <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>members of the Inter Tribal Buffalo Council(ITBC), understood that reintroduction of thebuffalo to tribal l<strong>and</strong>s would help heal thespirit of both the Indian people <strong>and</strong> the buffalo.Source: ITBC12<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> relied on the buffalo as a criticalnatural resource; every part had a use <strong>and</strong> a purpose.TANNED HIDE: clothes,tipi covers, moccasins,blankets, “quilts” totransport fresh buffalomeat, harnesses, bridles,braided ropes, shieldsRAW HIDE: par fleche,masks, water troughs,buckets, cinches,ornaments, rattles, sheaths,snowshoes, moccasin soles,caps, drums, rafts, saddles,trunks, quivers, ropes,shields, lariats, shroudsMEAT: immediate use,pemmican, sausage, driedmeat/jerkyTENDONS / MUSCLES /SINEW: rope, bow strings,eaten raw, boiled or dried,arrow ties, bowstrings,cinches, TONGUE, combs/hairbrushes, foodSHOULDER BLADE: hoes,skinning/butchering knivesSPINAL COLUMN: crushed<strong>and</strong> boiled to extract greaseHOOVES: glues, hatchets,bells, toolsINTESTINES: driedfor string, charms <strong>and</strong>pendantsSKULL: decorated <strong>and</strong> usedin religious rituals, altars,dehairing toolsHORN CAPS: cups, ladles,fire containersFUR: string, jewelry, fillerfor cushions, saddles,pillows, hairpieces,blankets, saddle covers,gloves/mittensTAIL: decorations,flyswatters, knife sheaths,medicines, switches <strong>and</strong>whipsHOOF SHEATH:containers, glues, rattles,spoons, wind chimesSTOMACH CONTENTS:medicines, paintsDEW CLAWS: glues,rattles, wind chimesBLADDER: food pouches,medicine bags, watercontainersDUNG: diaper powders,fuelsGALL: yellow paintBLOOD: paints, puddings,soupsBRAINS: food, hidepreparationSTOMACH LINING:cooking vessels, watercontainersLIVER: food, tanning agentHORNS: arrow points, cups,fire carriers, headdresses,ladle, medications,ornaments, powderhorns,signals, spoons, toysBONES: arrowheads,war clubs, toys, splints,eating utensils, awls,fleshing tools, game die,jewelry, knives, paintingtools, pipes, sleds, shovels,scrapersFAT: soaps, tallows, hairgreases, cosmetics, filledpipe sealers, tanning agentsFOOT BONES: teethingtoys, horse/buffalo toysOur Foundation13
Our HistoryThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> represent thewesternmost groups of the large Algonquianfamily that spread prehistorically over thenorthern <strong>and</strong> eastern woodl<strong>and</strong>s of the UnitedStates. Many facts of their w<strong>and</strong>ering havebeen lost in the shadows of pre-history, but theearliest known evidence began around the year1600.The <strong>Arapaho</strong> were located east of theheadwaters of the Mississippi River, borderingthe western end of Lake Superior in Minnesota.The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> were situated along the eastbank of the Mississippi River in what is nowsoutheastern Minnesota.MigrationThe first known migration in what was tobecome a relentless “moving about” tookplace around 1675, with both groups movingwestward into the Dakota country. The<strong>Arapaho</strong> relocated along the headwaters of theMissouri River, while the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> settledin the same general area of North Dakota.Another move further west occurred during theearly 1700s, but south into the Black Hills ofSouth Dakota.Yellow WomanBen Depew, Life Among the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>s (pg. 13b).Thomas Bear Robe14<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
As late as 1724, these uprooted farmers stillused dog travois to haul their goods. By 1770,the Chippewa’s became sufficiently armed <strong>and</strong>powerful enough to destroy the main <strong>Cheyenne</strong>settlement in North Dakota. By 1796, the datewhich marks the definite beginning of thePlains culture, the Sioux acquired horses. Nottoo long after, the smallpox epidemic of 1800eliminated nearly one-half of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>Tribe.In 1804, Lewis <strong>and</strong> Clark reported some<strong>Cheyenne</strong> still residing in the Black Hills area;however, another migration was imminent,taking the Tribe south to the upper branches ofthe Platte River in Wyoming <strong>and</strong> Nebraska.Migration patterns of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>.Image source: http://www.c-a-tribes.org/historical-photograph-collection, September 2010. Map source: National Park Service, WashitaOur Foundation15
Our HistoryL<strong>and</strong> allotment paper from March 3rd, 1981 Treaty. Courtesy of Sharon Antelope <strong>and</strong> Leslie Panana<strong>Arapaho</strong> women16<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Treaties <strong>and</strong> AgreementsThe first treaty signed by <strong>Cheyenne</strong> chiefs onbehalf of the Tribe took place at a gathering inMontana in 1825 on the Teton River. Around1835, a portion of the Tribe separated itselffrom the main body to become known as theSouthern <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>, settlingalong the Arkansas River in Colorado. It is thisgroup that currently resides in several of thenorthwestern counties of Oklahoma.1851 marked the final separation of theSouthern <strong>Cheyenne</strong> from the main body,subsequently known as the Northern<strong>Cheyenne</strong>. As a result of the westwardexpansion of the non-natives, the Southern<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> ceded all of their l<strong>and</strong>claims in Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado <strong>and</strong>Wyoming to the United States on February18, 1861 at Fort Wise, Kansas. The UnitedStates in turn was to provide a reservationfor them on a branch of the Arkansas River inColorado. The <strong>Arapaho</strong> Tribe was assigned tothe eastern portion of the reservation, whereasthe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> Tribe was given the westernportion. However, the agreement was neverconsummated.After the S<strong>and</strong> Creek Massacre (describedon page 18), an agreement was signedwhereby the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> agreed torelinquish the never occupied reservation insoutheastern Colorado <strong>and</strong> accept in place areservation further south in Kansas <strong>and</strong> IndianTerritory. The agreement was formalizedunder the Medicine Lodge Treaty of October28, 1867. The <strong>Tribes</strong> never lived on the l<strong>and</strong>described in the treaty <strong>and</strong> did not desire to.Then, by proclamation issued August 10, 1869,President Grant approved the transfer of theiroriginal reservation to the present day westernOklahoma location. It was this latter areawhich the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> occupied as areservation held in common from 1869 to 1890,<strong>and</strong> which makes up l<strong>and</strong> known today as the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> - <strong>Arapaho</strong> L<strong>and</strong> Base (or under theCensus Bureau as the “<strong>Cheyenne</strong> - <strong>Arapaho</strong>Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area”).The “Jerome Agreement” of 1890 provided,in part, for the dissolution of the Reservation<strong>and</strong> the relinquishment by the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> of all the l<strong>and</strong>s embraced within theexterior boundaries of the reservation exceptfor allotments to individual Indians <strong>and</strong>reserves for military, agency, school, schoolfarms,religious or other public uses. Underthis agreement, each Indian was to retain 160acres <strong>and</strong> the excess l<strong>and</strong>s opened to othersettlers. The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> countrywas opened for white settlement on April 19,1892.In 1937, the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> organizeda government for their common welfare <strong>and</strong>adopted a Constitution <strong>and</strong> by-laws pursuantto the Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act.Decisions <strong>and</strong> policies once made by chiefswere enacted in a representative committee ofeight members elected for four-year terms, ona staggered two-year basis. A Constitutionalrevision in 1975 restructured the governingbody of the <strong>Tribes</strong> to an eight member BusinessCommittee with an equal representation of<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> members. The newrevised Constitution also established the TribalCouncil, which consists of all tribal membersover the age of eighteen.On April 4, 2006, the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong><strong>Tribes</strong> formally adopted a new Constitution<strong>and</strong> by-laws. The Constitution now requires aTribal Legislature to enact an annual budgetby law, which includes an appropriation ofoperating funds for the Tribal Council, theExecutive Branch <strong>and</strong> the Judicial Branch.Source: <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> 2009 Base Studies Report;www.c-a-tribes.orgOur Foundation17
Our HistoryS<strong>and</strong> Creek, ColoradoDuring the fall of 1863, settlers in Coloradobecame alarmed by inflammatory rumors ofa general Native American uprising. Thisperspective of Colorado settlers, combined withan anti-Native American attitude, prevailed<strong>and</strong> culminated in the attack by white soldiers<strong>and</strong> volunteers on the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>Indian encampment under Chief Black Kettle.Black Kettle was a peace-seeking chief of ab<strong>and</strong> of nearly 600 Southern <strong>Cheyenne</strong>s <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong>s that followed the buffalo alongthe Arkansas River of Colorado <strong>and</strong> Kansas.Believing they were under the protection of theU.S. Army, about 500 <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>people were winter camped along the northbank of Big S<strong>and</strong>y Creek. The village consistedmainly of women, children <strong>and</strong> the elderly;many of the men were away seeking food.Although informed that Chief Black Kettle hadalready surrendered, a force of about 700 menassembled at Fort Lyon, <strong>and</strong> plans were madefor an attack on the Indian encampment. Inthe early morning hours of November 29, 1864,many <strong>Cheyenne</strong>, mostly women <strong>and</strong> children,were killed in what is known as the “S<strong>and</strong>Creek Massacre.”The S<strong>and</strong> Creek Massacre National HistoricSite was designated in November 2000 topreserve <strong>and</strong> commemorate the site of theS<strong>and</strong> Creek Massacre. In the summer of2005, the Secretary of Interior accepted trustresponsibility for 1,465 acres within the site,owned by the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong>.This area, the former Dawson Ranch, wasacquired by the <strong>Tribes</strong> in 2003.Source: National Park Service.http://www.nps.gov/s<strong>and</strong>/historyculture18<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Bear Butte, South DakotaBear Butte, which resembles a reclining bearfrom a distance, st<strong>and</strong>s on the periphery of theBlack Hills in South Dakota. Its highest pointresembles a tipi; it is said that all the sacredpowers of the world assembled within to teachthe great <strong>Cheyenne</strong> prophet Sweet Medicinethe ways of the people. From there he broughtthe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> many peaceful teachings, whichcontinue to sustain them as they walk the roadof life. The <strong>Cheyenne</strong>s refer to Bear Butte astheir teaching mountain.Charles Sooktis, late Keeper of the SacredBuffalo Hat, has observed that there wereother tribes besides the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>s whoseways center upon Bear Butte. He contendsthat the <strong>Arapaho</strong>, too, received sacred objects<strong>and</strong> teachings from this “hill that gives.” The<strong>Arapaho</strong> lived in the Black Hills <strong>and</strong> its vicinitybefore the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>s arrived, <strong>and</strong> it was therein the shadow of the Black Hills that theyjoined in the historic alliance that the southernb<strong>and</strong>s of both groups continue to honor today.Source: Dr. Henrietta MannOur Foundation19
our governmentThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> governmentconsists of a Tribal Council, ExecutiveBranch, Legislative Branch <strong>and</strong> JudicialBranch. The Tribal Council includes all Tribalmembers over the age of 18. The Governor<strong>and</strong> Lieutenant Governor lead the ExecutiveBranch. The Legislative Branch is made up oflegislators from the four <strong>Arapaho</strong> districts <strong>and</strong>four <strong>Cheyenne</strong> districts. The Judicial Branchincludes a Supreme Court, including one ChiefJustice <strong>and</strong> four Associate Justices, a TrialCourt, <strong>and</strong> any lower courts deemed necessaryby the Legislature.Executive Branch Organizational StructureGovernorLieutenant GovernorChief-of-StaffLegal AssistantExecutiveAssistant IChief AnalystPublic RelationsManagerExecutiveAssistant IIReceptionistGamingCommissionElectionCommissionHealthCommissionHousingCommissionDept. of SocialServicesDept. ofAdministrationDept. of HealthDept. ofEnrollmentDept. of JusticeDept. ofHousingDept. of LawDept. ofTreasuryDept. ofEducationSource: 2009 Base Studies Report.20<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Judicial Branch Organizational StructureJudicial Commission (5)Supreme CourtAssociate Judges (4)Trial CourtChief JudgeAssociate JudgeCourt ClerkPublic DefenderDeputy Court ClerkProbation OfficerSource: 2009 Base Studies Report.Legislative Branch Organizational StructureDistrict I<strong>Cheyenne</strong> Representative<strong>Arapaho</strong> RepresentativeDistrict II<strong>Cheyenne</strong> Representative<strong>Arapaho</strong> RepresentativeDistrict III<strong>Cheyenne</strong> Representative<strong>Arapaho</strong> RepresentativeDistrict IV<strong>Cheyenne</strong> Representative<strong>Arapaho</strong> RepresentativeOffice of LegalCounselSpeaker of the LegislatureLegislativeClerkLegislativeOffice AssistantDirector ofLegislative StaffSpeaker’sAdministrative AideOffice of Inter-Governmental AffairsOffice of LegislativeAffairsOffice of LegislativeBudgetOffice of LegislativeOversightInter-GovernmentalAffairs OfficerDirectorCoordinatorof LegislativeCommitteesDirectorAnalystDirectorAdministrativeAssistantAdministrativeAssistantAdministrativeAssistantAdministrativeAssistantSource: 2009 Base Studies Report.Our Foundation21
Our PeopleOf the 12,232 enrolled <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>Oklahoma Tribal members, 4,876 reside withinthe nine-county service area. Children up toage 17 number 1,600, represented 33% of thistotal. Adults age 18 to 54 represented 57%(2,755) of the population. Elders over the age of55 made up 11% of the population.The last pattern shows a small percentageof elders, which indicates a natural decreasein the population attributed to higher deathrates. Comparing the older age cohorts with theyounger age cohorts, displays how the overall<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> population is slightlydeclining.The Tribal Population Pyramid below showsa smaller number of youth within the Tribalpopulation. The next pattern on the pyramidshows a large number of working age Tribalmembers. Within the next twenty years,a portion of this age group will enter theretirement or elder population.<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Tribal Population Pyramid(March 2009)Age 80 <strong>and</strong> UpAge 75 to 79Age 70 to 74Age 65 to 69Age 60 to 64Age 55 to 59Age 50 to 54Age 45 to 49Age 40 to 44Age 35 to 39Age 30 to 34Age 25 to 29Age 20 to 24Age 15 to 19Age 5 to 9Age 10 to 14Age 0 to 4800 600 400 200 0 200 400 600 800MaleFemaleSource: 2009 Base Studies Report.22<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Jeannette Sequaptewa-McNeil <strong>and</strong> child. Photo by Jeannette Sequaptewa-McNeil.Our Foundation23
TwoOur Values-Based Vision VisionAs described in Chapter One, Foundation,having a strong cultural foundation isnecessary to determining our future vision.One of the primary goals of the <strong>Comprehensive</strong><strong>Plan</strong> is to establish the future collective visionof Tribal members based on an inclusive publicprocess. This Tribal community participationhelped to craft a plan that responds to themost important issues to the Tribal community,both collectively <strong>and</strong> individually.Values-Based Vision describes the creativeapproaches <strong>and</strong> key events used to engage aTribal population spread over great distances<strong>and</strong> formulate comments received during publicmeetings in to an overall vision for the future.A four phased approach was used to developthis plan <strong>and</strong> involve Tribal members.Phase 1: Vision + Start-up• A Project Kickoff was conducted tointroduce the project to Tribal members.• A detailed <strong>Plan</strong> for involving the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> Tribal community was developed.• Key Tribal members <strong>and</strong> other groups wereinterviewed about what is desired.• Visioning workshops were held tounderst<strong>and</strong> Tribal values <strong>and</strong> create anoverall vision for the future.Phase 2: Opportunities• L<strong>and</strong>s most suitable for Tribalopportunities <strong>and</strong> focus were identified.• A map was prepared showing a possiblepattern for development of Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s.• Workshops were held to evaluateopportunities to meet the Vision.• Community Choice workshops were held toexamine each community asset site.• Youth were involved through an artcompetition.Phase 3: Scenarios• Long-term development of communityassets were illustrated through maps <strong>and</strong>diagrams.• A preferred Overall Framework <strong>Plan</strong> <strong>and</strong>site plans were developed.• Community Asset <strong>Plan</strong>s were reviewed withthe community at the Powwow.Phase 4: Prepare the <strong>Plan</strong>• A draft <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> was prepared,including the steps to implement.• The draft <strong>Plan</strong> was presented to Tribalmembers throughout the process using suchtools as the <strong>Plan</strong> Van.• The <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> document wasfinalized.
Tribal InvolvementMutualOver 20 public events were spread overthe 6,676 square mile service area.ViciCamargo*Seiling Events• VisioningWorkshop• <strong>Plan</strong> Van TourFLeedeyPutnamBlack Kettle National Grassl<strong>and</strong>Hammon Events• Visioning WorkshopReydon*• <strong>Plan</strong> Van Tour<strong>Cheyenne</strong>HammonXWHammon ReserveButlerCuster CityWashita National Wildlife RefugeFoss State Park<strong>Arapaho</strong>Elk CityCanute*ClintonClinton Events• VisioningWorkshop• CommunityBessieChoices Workshop• <strong>Plan</strong> Van TourSayreDill CityCordellTexolaErickCarter*EventLocationPotential <strong>Plan</strong> Van RouteWillowSentinelRockyGoteboHobartAltus-Lugert Wildlife Management Area26<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Amesonda Tribal TrustCornThomasCanton Wildlife life Management AreaLongdaleLake ProjectCanton Events• <strong>Plan</strong> Van Tour*OakwoodWeatherfordHydroEakly*Colony Events• Powwow DisplayFort Cobb Wildlife Management Area• <strong>Plan</strong> Van TourBridgeportHintonHitchcockLookebaOkeene*Watonga Events• Visioning WorkshopGreenfield• <strong>Plan</strong> Van TourBingerGearyKingfisherEvents• VisioningWorkshop*• <strong>Plan</strong> VanTourConcho Events• Visioning Workshop• <strong>Plan</strong> Van TourCalumetConcho Reserve*XWSout*Southwestern Livestock <strong>and</strong> Forage Research StationHennesseyUnincorporatedYukonEl Reno Events• Kickoff Event• SteeringCommitteeMeetings (4)• CommunityPiedmontNot IncorporatedChoices Workshop TuttleMinco• <strong>Plan</strong> Van TourPocassetGracemontAmberFort Cobb State ParkMountain ViewCarnegieFort CobbRiverside Indian SchoolVerdenAnadarkoChickashaValues-Based Vision27
Tribal InvolvementStudent artists, clockwise from top: Joseph Dyer, Jr.; Keenan Four Horns; Cameron LongKnife; Kaycee Hatten; Kionna Four Horns; <strong>Cheyenne</strong> Redhat;<strong>Cheyenne</strong> Scott; Cameron LongKnifeStudent Art CompetitionDespite modern societal pressure, the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> continue todemonstrate the importance of art <strong>and</strong>culture in contemporary life. Expressedthrough painting, drawing, dress or music,art helps to impart historical perspective <strong>and</strong>underst<strong>and</strong>ing <strong>and</strong> the expression of beliefs.A Student Art Competition was hosted by the<strong>Tribes</strong>’ <strong>Plan</strong>ning Office <strong>and</strong> the RESpECTProgram to inspire students to explore thefuture of their native culture through visual<strong>and</strong> performance art. The competition, whichcelebrates the continuation of our uniqueculture, was an important way to get Tribalyouth thinking about their heritage <strong>and</strong> theirvision.The event was open to all federally recognizedTribal students in grades Pre-K through 12within the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> TribalL<strong>and</strong>s.Entries related to the theme “Envisioning theFuture of the Tsistsistas <strong>and</strong> Hinónóéí” <strong>and</strong>reflect the importance of culture <strong>and</strong> heritageas the future generations of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong>. Submissions were judged infour different grade levels, <strong>and</strong> prizes awardedto 1st, 2nd <strong>and</strong> 3rd place winners in both theVisual Arts <strong>and</strong> Performance Arts categories.Winning art was presented in a slide showat the 66th Annual <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>Powwow, as part of the Labor Day Celebrationin Colony, <strong>and</strong> prizes were awarded at thattime.28<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Student artist: Paisley Grace LoneBearValues-Based Vision29
Tribal InvolvementValues workshop, El RenoValues workshop, ClintonValues workshop, HammonValues WorkshopsSix values workshops were conducted duringthe first phase of the <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>effort. During the workshops, Tribal memberswere asked to answer the question, “Wheredo the <strong>Tribes</strong> see themselves far in thefuture?” These workshops included a visualpreference survey, which used a series ofimages to gauge participants perspectiveson various options for l<strong>and</strong> use, housing,new commercial developments, locations ofservices, <strong>and</strong> other factors. The result of thisexercise was the creation of an overall visionstatement <strong>and</strong> a summary of Tribal valuesthat make up the basic underpinning of theplan recommendations. A detailed account ofthe values workshops polling can be found inAppendix A.What We LearnedThe <strong>Tribes</strong>:Like the rural character <strong>and</strong> natural/ openspace areas …...<strong>and</strong> would choose to live on large residentiallots.Recognize that the loss of culture is one of theirmajor issues……with continuation of their language, creationof cultural centers, <strong>and</strong> continuation of tribalevents being the most important ways toprotect this...Would like to see additional economicdevelopment opportunities……specifically within the renewable energysector, industrial/manufacturing <strong>and</strong> research<strong>and</strong> development fields.30<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Tribal ValuesThe Future is Intertwined with the PastWe hold Value to the L<strong>and</strong>SacredP ROSPERITYWe Cannot Forget about our Elders, our Language & CultureEnhance, Preserve, Conserve & ProtectEnvironmental ConsciousnessTake Care of the L<strong>and</strong> & the L<strong>and</strong> will Take Care of YouEverything Works in a Circle…in ContinuityAppreciation of our CultureReverenceResources within OurselvesRichness of CultureVision to Creation to CompletionEnhance SovereigntyValues-Based Vision31
Tribal InvolvementAll photos this page: Community Choices workshop, ClintonCommunity Choices WorkshopsOnce the Tribal vision was determined, conceptplans for ten major community asset areaswere created to make this a reality. Theseareas were chosen for their availability aseconomic viability, the ability to fulfill specificcommunity needs (grocery, housing, etc.), <strong>and</strong>their strategic locations.Two Community Choices workshops wereconducted to underst<strong>and</strong> the details outlinedin the concept plans <strong>and</strong> refine key elements.Specific elements included the over teneconomic development projects, such asubstance abuse facility, housing, <strong>and</strong> supportfor a new Tribal college.32<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Community Choices workshop, ClintonWhat We LearnedEconomic development was a key emphasis forattendees. Overall market recommendationsgleaned from the workshops were:1. Add casino amenities (hotels, concert areas,related commercial) <strong>and</strong> exp<strong>and</strong> casinos2. Add cultural attractions (heritage tourism)related to the buffalo herd, an interpretivecenter, <strong>and</strong> historic sites3. New renewable energy production (gas,wind, etc.)4. New retail at strategic locations5. Long-term development of Canton Lakearea (camping, housing, etc.)6. Additional medical services7. New retirement communities <strong>and</strong> assistedliving8. New industrial activities (meat <strong>and</strong> tobaccoprocessing)9. Development of distribution (trucking)facilities10. Creation of recreation <strong>and</strong> tourism(hunting, fishing,lodge, equestrian)11. Exp<strong>and</strong>ed education facilities (TribalCollege)12. New detention facilitiesValues-Based Vision33
Tribal Involvement<strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> display booth <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> display booth Powwow performers<strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> display booth Colony Powwow 2010Annual Colony Powwow 2010A <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> display booth was setup at the 2010 Labor Day Powwow to provideinformation to Tribal members. On displaywere rolling slide shows giving an overview ofthe focus area site development options, imagesof the winning visual art categories in the<strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> Art Contest <strong>and</strong> a video ofthe Art Contest gr<strong>and</strong> champion performing onthe traditional flute.The booth was staffed from 12:00 noon onSaturday until 1:00 am on Sunday. Severalhundred Powwow participants passed thebooth, <strong>and</strong> many engaged in conversation aboutthe <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>, the public process<strong>and</strong> their concerns <strong>and</strong> desires about Triball<strong>and</strong>s.34<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Powwow performersValues-Based Vision35
Tribal Involvement<strong>Plan</strong> Van Tribal interviews<strong>Plan</strong> VanPublic workshops provided a great startingpoint for decision-making, but the projectplanning team realized that more needed tobe done to increase opportunities for Tribalmembers to participate, particularly thoseliving in more remote parts of the service area,<strong>and</strong> individuals facing significant economic<strong>and</strong> transportation challenges. The thoughtwas that the best way to reach the populationwas to go to them, making it easier <strong>and</strong> moreconvenient.Given the fact that Tribal members are spreadover such large distances, a mobile workshopformat was used. This mobile workshop, knownas the “<strong>Plan</strong> Van”, allowed the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>& <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>ning staff to visit severalcommunities in a self-contained mobile unit - inthis case, a retrofitted ambulance - containingmaps, a slide show, <strong>and</strong> copies of the draft<strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>.<strong>Plan</strong> Van participants were provided a slideshow <strong>and</strong> information about the choicesavailable to them at each of the communityasset sites. Tribal member were asked to fillout a survey ranking each implementationelement shown in the community asset plansin terms of their priority. Respondents wereasked whether an implementation measurehad a high, medium or low-priority or wasnot needed. In addition to the survey, 33elders recorded their personal accounts, <strong>and</strong>traditional <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> legends <strong>and</strong>tales, through storytelling.We hope that many enjoyed participating inthe <strong>Plan</strong> Van because the outreach is in theircommunity where they are most comfortable<strong>and</strong> familiar with the environment.36<strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
“Seven Sons”Seven sons were camping whenthey came under attack. Unable towin, one brother, a medicine man,turned the rest into arrows <strong>and</strong>shot them in to the stars. Theybecame the Big Dipper, formedfrom the seven sons.Original story told by Jimmy Washee, <strong>Cheyenne</strong>/<strong>Arapaho</strong> fromWeatherford, Oklahoma.<strong>Plan</strong> Van Tribal interviewsMarie WhitemanThe <strong>Plan</strong> VanValues-Based Vision37
Painting by Kiyah Four Horns
ThreeL<strong>and</strong> Use Framework <strong>and</strong>Guiding PrinciplesGoals <strong>and</strong> PoliciesA strong Foundation (Chapter One) <strong>and</strong> a Values-Based Vision (Chapter Two) tell the <strong>Tribes</strong>where they have been <strong>and</strong> where they want tobe going. The goals <strong>and</strong> policies laid out in L<strong>and</strong>Use Framework <strong>and</strong> Guiding Principles willshow them how to get there by providing policyguidance to implement plan recommendations.The following Goals are general in nature.Policies are defined as more specific strategiesthat implement the goals; these will be a guidefor decision-making. The <strong>Plan</strong>’s L<strong>and</strong> UseFramework map <strong>and</strong> resulting policies outlinethe future l<strong>and</strong> use <strong>and</strong> general guidance forthe location of community economic centers,agricultural <strong>and</strong> rural l<strong>and</strong> preservation,sustainability <strong>and</strong> energy, <strong>and</strong> Tribal resources.Guiding Principles39
L<strong>and</strong> Use Framework40 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Guiding Principles41
Future L<strong>and</strong> UseSeiling*Seilingsee page 86Hammon(Red Moon)see page 82(Red Moon)**see page 76Elk Citysee page 76*see page 68Clintonsee page 6842 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Cantonsee page 62see page 62**WatongaWatongasee page 88Conchosee page 70**Gear Gearysee page 84*E El Renosee page 80*Colonysee page 90Mixed Use Economic CenterRural/AgricultureEnergyOil/Gas ProductionExisting Wind FarmPotential Wind Power AreasL<strong>and</strong> UseResidentialRural/NaturalResourcesCultural/NaturalChisholm TrailCultural SitesRiver Buffer +EmploymentRural/EnergyBaseRural/EnergyJurisdictionBoundaryElectric SubstationsExisting Transmission LineProposed Transmission LineProtected L<strong>and</strong>sTransportationProposed Transit RouteInterstate InterchangesGuiding Principles43
Framework Element:Since most Tribal members live within or nearcities <strong>and</strong> towns spread over a large servicearea, investments in housing, Tribal services<strong>and</strong> infrastructure should be focused in thesecommunities, providing the opportunity forexisting <strong>and</strong> future Tribal residents to live, work<strong>and</strong> recreate. The areas should provide a greaterrange of housing opportunities, support transitconnections between communities, ensure vibrantcommercial <strong>and</strong> employment opportunities <strong>and</strong>provide much needed Tribal services.HousingGoalProvide <strong>and</strong> promote safe, adequate <strong>and</strong>affordable housing opportunities for the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people. Create a healthyliving environment for <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>families through initiatives that address social<strong>and</strong> economic concerns.PoliciesPromote Multi-Generational Housing. Ensurethat diverse opportunities are available to meetthe <strong>Tribes</strong>’ residential <strong>and</strong> economic needs,including single units <strong>and</strong> attached units,ownership <strong>and</strong> rental opportunities, special needsgroup housing <strong>and</strong> workforce housing.Elder Housing. Address the needs of an agingpopulation. Provide residential areas with avariety of housing styles <strong>and</strong> prices that meet theparticular needs of elders <strong>and</strong> enable residentsto “age in place”. Housing can vary from singleunits, townhouses <strong>and</strong> apartments.Accessible Housing. Encourage accessiblehousing units for populations with special needs,including a main floor bedroom, wider hallways/doorways, main floor baths, first floor laundry<strong>and</strong> level entries without steps.Promote Housing Rehabilitation. Improvesubst<strong>and</strong>ard housing. Support activities thatencourage <strong>and</strong> provide housing rehabilitationimprovements.Strategically Placed Higher Residential Densities.Target attached or multifamily housing units tolocations that are accessible to <strong>and</strong> integratedwith proposed economic centers, communitiesserved by transit, <strong>and</strong> medical services.Home Ownership Training. Educate Tribalmembers about successful homeownership <strong>and</strong>property stewardship.Projected Housing Units within Community Asset AreasLocationL<strong>and</strong> Area Residential Units by Type(gross acreage)Canton 750 Acres 1800 units (100 large single units on large lots, 750 singleunits,Clinton 24 Acres 134 units (74 Independent Living units, 60 Assisted Livingunits)Colony 16 Acres 13 single unitsConcho 153 Acres 293 single units, 30 elder housing unitsEl Reno 86 Acres 206 units (134 single units, 40 townhouses units, 32apartment units)Hammon (Red 245 Acres 98 clustered Single UnitsMoon)Watonga(Franklin)4.5 Acres 25 Independent Living Units44 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
CommunitiesMulti-Generational HousingStarter HomesFamily HousingElder HousingGuiding Principles45
Framework Element:Tribal ServicesGoalTo capitalize on investments in capitalimprovements, new development <strong>and</strong>redevelopment will be located in areas whereadequate public services <strong>and</strong> facilities presentlyexist or are planned to be provided.PoliciesCapital Improvement Program. The <strong>Tribes</strong> willdevelop <strong>and</strong> maintain a Capital ImprovementsProgram for Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s. The CapitalImprovements Program, within the frameworkof a responsible budget of balanced revenues <strong>and</strong>expenditures, schedules the necessary capitalprojects to ensure maintenance of an adequaterange of services.Adequate Public Facilities. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will permitadditional development or redevelopment if thefull range of public facilities <strong>and</strong> services areavailable, or alternatively, funding sources havebeen committed for such adequate facilities thatcan ensure their provision in a timely fashion.Allocation of annual funds should be set aside tofund future public facility needs.Service Provider Coordination. Coordinate withother municipal service providers on Tribaldevelopment requests to ensure that necessaryservices not provided by the <strong>Tribes</strong> are integratedinto local utility provider’s plans.Emergency Preparedness. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will putmeasures in place to protect Tribal membersfrom harm caused by tornadoes <strong>and</strong> other naturaldisasters. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will maintain an emergencyresponse team <strong>and</strong> establish a response protocolwith federal, state <strong>and</strong> local officials. All newstructures on Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s should be designed toinclude either basements or other suitable stormshelters in reasonable proximity to residences<strong>and</strong> businesses.Needed Tribal Service <strong>and</strong> FacilitiesArea Regional Facility Local FacilityHammon Grocery StorexHammon Community Recreation CenterxCanton Rehabilitation CenterxCanton Nursing <strong>and</strong> Residential Care FacilitiesxConcho Rehabilitation CenterxConcho CourthousexElk City Radio & Television StationxSeiling Radio & Television StationxCanton Community ServicesxClinton Community ServicesxConcho Educational CampusxConcho Youth Campx46 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
CommunitiesInfrastructureGoalEnsure that the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> peopleare adequately <strong>and</strong> efficiently served with awell planned, coordinated, <strong>and</strong> maintainedinfrastructure of water, sewer <strong>and</strong> all relatedutility services. Ensure that all new Tribaldevelopment is efficiently integrated into existinginfrastructure.PoliciesUtility Collaboration. Collaborate withadjacent cities, towns, special service districts,various Federal, State, <strong>and</strong> County agencies,<strong>and</strong> appropriate service providers to providecoordinated <strong>and</strong> sustainable development ofTribal l<strong>and</strong>s.Utility Extensions Consistent with the<strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>. The installation <strong>and</strong>extension of all utilities will be consistent withthe provisions of the comprehensive plan.Water Quality. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will continue to meetstate <strong>and</strong> Federal water quality st<strong>and</strong>ards <strong>and</strong>treatment practices to maintain a high level ofhealth protection for its members.Adequacy of Service. Ensure that storm drainage,water <strong>and</strong> wastewater systems are adequateto meet the dem<strong>and</strong>s of existing <strong>and</strong> planneddevelopment per Utility Service Master <strong>Plan</strong>sdeveloped for each community asset area.Improvement <strong>and</strong> Maintenance. Continue toexp<strong>and</strong> efforts <strong>and</strong> funding programs to maintain<strong>and</strong> improve the infrastructure on Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s.Well <strong>and</strong> Septic Systems. Discourage the use ofwell <strong>and</strong> septic systems within each communityasset area except in cases of very low-densityresidential development.Future InfrastructureArea Water System Improvements Sanitary Sewer ImprovementsCanton Water main extensions City of Canton lagoon improvements,sewer main extensionsClintonWater main extensions/improvementsConcho New water treatment plant New sewage treatment systemEl RenoWater main extensionsBuffalo MeatProcessingFacilityMust be connected to district ormunicipal water system to meet watervolume dem<strong>and</strong>sMust be connected to municipal ordistrict sewage treatment plantSeiling Lift station, water main extensions Sewer main extensionsHammon (RedMoon)Well system to serve low-intensityresidential/non-residential developmentSeptic system to serve low-intensityresidential/non-residential developmentGuiding Principles47
Framework Element:Transportation & TransitGoalProvide the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people with a safe mode of transportation infrastructure (roads,bridges <strong>and</strong> trails) through innovation <strong>and</strong> partnership with federal, state <strong>and</strong> county governments.Foster improvements in the quality of life of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people by preserving <strong>and</strong>improving the efficiency <strong>and</strong> safety of the existing transportation system.Tribal Transportation ImprovementsArea Project RegionalImprovementLocalImprovementDesignated Transit Transit System ExpansionxRoutesHammon (Red Moon) Residential local street system xHammon (Red Moon) Trail xClinton Clinton I-40 access improvements xRodeo Joe’s Street paving xColonyLocal street system serving newxneighborhood & equestrian-relatedfacilitiesWatonga (Franklin) Street paving Road 0820 East xCanton Arterial street improvements xCantonLocal street system serving newxneighborhoods <strong>and</strong> community facilitiesSeilingAcceleration/deceleration lane onxHighway 270El RenoCollector <strong>and</strong> local street system servingxresidential neighborhoodEl Reno Acceleration/deceleration lane on S.xCountry Club Road serving commercialusesConchoLocal street system servingadministrative <strong>and</strong> governmentcomplexes, single unit <strong>and</strong> elder housing<strong>and</strong> hotelx48 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
CommunitiesPoliciesTransit System. Continue to increase ridership<strong>and</strong> exp<strong>and</strong> the Tribal Transit Program toprovide efficient connections to communitieswithin the <strong>Tribes</strong>’ Service Area <strong>and</strong> to provideadequate door-to-door programs for the elderly<strong>and</strong> disabled.Intertribal Facilities Connectivity. The <strong>Tribes</strong>shall work with state <strong>and</strong> Federal agenciesto provide better roadway access between thecenters of Tribal development as well as increasedroadway connections to key centers.Strategic Roadway Investments. Continue tostrategically invest in roadway improvements toimprove their aesthetics <strong>and</strong> promote walkability.Transportation Corridors <strong>and</strong> Transit Stops.Encourage growth along existing <strong>and</strong> plannedtransportation corridors <strong>and</strong> transit stops.Regional Transit. Work cooperatively withadjacent County, City <strong>and</strong> Oklahoma Cityregional transit districts to maximize the Tribaltransit system, including transit connections toOklahoma City.Trails <strong>and</strong> Sidewalks. Promote trails <strong>and</strong>sidewalks in any new development. Add trails<strong>and</strong> sidewalks to current developed areas.Recreation <strong>and</strong> Interpretive Trails. In supportof tourism, develop a series of hiking <strong>and</strong> bikingtrails with associated interpretive signs, inassociation with the Chisolm Trail, the buffaloherd <strong>and</strong> other natural or cultural resources.New trails, trailhead <strong>and</strong> overlook inConcho will guide visitors <strong>and</strong> localsabout the history <strong>and</strong> culture of thebuffalo, a rich part of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> culture <strong>and</strong> economy.Guiding Principles49
Framework Element:Economic Centers are the primary places that provide employment opportunities for Tribal members.In recent years, this economic activity has been focused primarily on gaming <strong>and</strong> tobacco sales. The<strong>Tribes</strong> will strive to create additional employment opportunities for Tribal members that build on <strong>and</strong>enhance existing economic <strong>and</strong> employment centers.Future DevelopmentGoalProtect, preserve <strong>and</strong> maintain the sovereignidentity <strong>and</strong> treaty rights of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong>. The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>people will be fully <strong>and</strong> effectively engaged inthe life <strong>and</strong> decisions of the <strong>Tribes</strong>. Promote<strong>and</strong> enhance Tribal identity, cultural values,<strong>and</strong> environmental resources <strong>and</strong> ensure thatthe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people are effective,accountable <strong>and</strong> responsive. Guide growth toprotect the environment <strong>and</strong> to ensure vitaleconomic opportunities to create a variety oflivable, sustainable communities throughout the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> communities.Oklahoma CityConcho & El RenoRodeo Joe’sColonyPoliciesHigh Quality Design. Through its policies <strong>and</strong>programs, the <strong>Tribes</strong> shall encourage high qualityarchitecture <strong>and</strong> site design when designing newbuildings <strong>and</strong> developing property. Architecture<strong>and</strong> design elements should reflect the uniqueculture of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>.Protect Community Image. Unique community<strong>and</strong> neighborhood identities, settings <strong>and</strong>histories, <strong>and</strong> the sense of place as recognizedby citizens, shall be respected by Tribal policymakers. The desired context <strong>and</strong> character ofexisting neighborhoods <strong>and</strong> commercial centerswill be considered so that new development iscompatible with the surrounding area.Resource Protection. L<strong>and</strong> use patterns <strong>and</strong>intensities should be designated so as to notadversely impact identified natural resources,wildlife habitats <strong>and</strong> cultural sites.Weatherford - ThomasFranklin/WatongaClintonCantonElk CityHammon/ Red MoonSeilingAmarillo,Texas50 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Economic CentersRetail processed meat salesEconomic Concerns & EmploymentGoalAchieve a vital, diverse, <strong>and</strong> sustainable economyin which the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people <strong>and</strong>the endeavors of the Tribal Business Enterpriseswill have the opportunities to thrive <strong>and</strong> succeed.Engage in an array of economic opportunitiesthat will create jobs <strong>and</strong> provide educationalprosperity for the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people.PoliciesEconomic Development Strategy. Create anEconomic Development Strategy that capitalizeson gaming, tobacco, energy production,agriculture, <strong>and</strong> other economic opportunities <strong>and</strong>supports businesses to maximize wealth for allTribal members. Establish financial security forboth short-term <strong>and</strong> long-term Tribal needs.Financial Accountability. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will operatea sound financial program based on accountabilityto Tribal members <strong>and</strong> transparency in decisionmaking.Employment Opportunities. Ensure that thereare adequate opportunities for all Tribal membersfor technical training, business incubatoropportunities <strong>and</strong> educational programs that willsupport Tribal businesses.Buffalo Program. Support the Tribal Buffaloherd expansion <strong>and</strong> corresponding buffalo meatprocessing facilities.Economic Partnership. Market <strong>and</strong> partnerwith the public, private <strong>and</strong> nonprofit sectors todevelop key properties.Targeted Industries. The Tribe will support adiversified employment base, reflecting Triballabor force capabilities <strong>and</strong> recognizing amenitiesfor emphasizing targeted industries.Community Asset Areas. The <strong>Tribes</strong> shouldtarget economic development projects as outlinedin Chapter Four, Community Asset Areas <strong>and</strong>Chapter Five, <strong>Plan</strong> Implementation of thisdocument.Guiding Principles51
Framework Element:The majority of Tribal trust l<strong>and</strong>s are used for farming or ranching purposes reflecting the topography<strong>and</strong> regional development pattern. The flat <strong>and</strong> moderately rolling hills have been typically grazedareas or held for crop production, while the eroded ravines, canyons <strong>and</strong> river bottoms have remainedin a natural, undeveloped state. A variety of part-time <strong>and</strong> full-time agricultural activities take placeon both irrigated <strong>and</strong> non-irrigated l<strong>and</strong>. Grazing l<strong>and</strong>s provide needed forage <strong>and</strong> support livestockoperations.View of ColonyTribal buffalo herdCanton Lake52 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Agricultural & Rural L<strong>and</strong>PreservationCanton agricultural l<strong>and</strong>sAgricultural & Rural L<strong>and</strong>PreservationGoalAgricultural l<strong>and</strong>s shall be reserved <strong>and</strong>maintained for farm use, consistent with existing<strong>and</strong> future agricultural needs of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people. Enhance <strong>and</strong> preserve rurall<strong>and</strong>s for existing <strong>and</strong> future generations.PoliciesAgricultural Production. The <strong>Tribes</strong> shallcontinue to study <strong>and</strong> implement programs thatassist the business of farming <strong>and</strong> ranching,including promoting new technologies <strong>and</strong> farmcrops.Grazing <strong>and</strong> cropl<strong>and</strong> leases. The <strong>Tribes</strong> willsupport the lease of Tribal l<strong>and</strong> for agriculturaluses in those cases where best agriculturalmanagement practices are met.Buffalo Program. Tribal Buffalo herd expansionwill be supported in order to fulfill Tribaleconomic <strong>and</strong> cultural objectives.Eradicate Noxious Weeds. Tribal trust l<strong>and</strong>swill be protected from noxious weeds thatmay degrade the l<strong>and</strong> ecologically <strong>and</strong> reduceagricultural production value.Cluster Development. Cluster rural residentialhousing away from important agricultural fields.Diversify Agricultural Production. Crops locatedon Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s should be rotated <strong>and</strong> diversifiedin order to protect soil health, increase cropproductivity, reduce the likelihood of pestinfestation <strong>and</strong> use of pesticides, <strong>and</strong> reduce therisk of market fluctuations on the price of crops.Guiding Principles53
Framework Element:The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> L<strong>and</strong> Base holdssignificant energy production potential. Inaddition to the oil <strong>and</strong> gas wells that have beenproductive for more than fifty years, some ofarea possesses wind speeds sufficient to supportcommercial applications. Similarly, the areahas a high percentage of sunny days with acorrespondingly high incidence of solar radiationthat can be captured through photovoltaic (pv)cells.Energy Production & ConservationGoalPromote <strong>and</strong> guide future l<strong>and</strong> development tomaximize conservation efforts of all forms ofenergy. Foster sound decisions to ensure thesafety, health <strong>and</strong> welfare of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> people. Maintain, protect <strong>and</strong> preservethe sacred relationship of <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>people with the l<strong>and</strong>, air <strong>and</strong> water.PoliciesRenewable Energy. Invest in the siting ofwind farms <strong>and</strong> solar generation facilities, <strong>and</strong>the necessary infrastructure to support suchfacilities, on Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s.Energy Efficiency. Encourage the use of energyefficient lighting, appliances, <strong>and</strong> other devicesin new development, redevelopment <strong>and</strong> Tribaloperations. Retrofit existing Tribal buildings formaximum energy efficiency.Natural Lighting. Encourage building designsthat maximize the use of natural light <strong>and</strong>passive solar energy, thus diminishing the needfor energy consuming supplemental lighting <strong>and</strong>heating.Incorporation of wind farm with future Tribal housingL<strong>and</strong>scape Design. Encourage the use ofl<strong>and</strong>scaping that assists energy savings byplanting wind buffers <strong>and</strong> that admits solarenergy gain in the winter <strong>and</strong> shade in thesummer.The <strong>Tribes</strong> should encourage designs thatminimize the need for supplemental irrigationby encouraging the use of drought resistant <strong>and</strong>native species.54 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Sustainability & EnergyTribal Waste Reduction. Continue effortsto reduce waste generation from municipaloperations <strong>and</strong> explore methods for additionalreduction. Consider the purchase of supplies withrecycled content when feasible.Waste Reduction Education. Continue to promoteTribal education related to the value, methods<strong>and</strong> techniques of recycling, resource recovery<strong>and</strong> waste reduction.Recycled Materials. Encourage the use ofrecyclable building materials <strong>and</strong> buildingmaterials with recycled content in newdevelopment, redevelopment <strong>and</strong> in Tribaloperations.Recycling. Support efforts to create a Tribalrecycling drop-off at Tribal facilities. Collaboratewith waste management districts to providerecycling services for each drop-off area.Guiding Principles55
Framework Element:Agricultural production near CantonAs outlined in Chapter One, Foundation, the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> are stewards to uniquecultural <strong>and</strong> natural resources which must beconserved <strong>and</strong> protected based upon the beliefthat they are valuable to Tribal members,individually <strong>and</strong> collectively. The <strong>Tribes</strong> havethe ability to invigorate the local economy <strong>and</strong>become more economically sustainable over timeby preserving <strong>and</strong> carefully developing theirsubstantial assets. These Tribal resources aresignificant, <strong>and</strong> range from historic sites such asthe Chisholm Trail, Caddo Springs <strong>and</strong> Colonyschool; to beautiful natural features like CantonLake; to the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> buffalo herd.Natural ResourcesGoalProtect <strong>and</strong> enhance the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong><strong>Tribes</strong>’ natural environments <strong>and</strong> ecology byprotecting <strong>and</strong> preserving the l<strong>and</strong>, air <strong>and</strong>water quality. These resources promote ahealthy environment <strong>and</strong> natural l<strong>and</strong>scape thatcontributes to the spiritual humble existence ofthe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people.Natural drainagewayPoliciesNatural Habitat Protection. Encouragepreservation of l<strong>and</strong>s with unique naturalhabitat, features or other key characteristicsthrough cluster development, gifts, greenwaycapital projects, cultural ecotourism or othermeans as appropriate <strong>and</strong> financially feasible.L<strong>and</strong> Conservation Techniques. When developingin proximity to significant natural l<strong>and</strong>scapesemploy open l<strong>and</strong> conservation techniques,including, but not limited to, the use of clusterdevelopment.Conservation Easements. Place conservationeasements on the most sensitive l<strong>and</strong>s to ensuretheir protection. Incorporate recreation facilitieswhen appropriate.Hunting, Hiking, <strong>and</strong> Fishing. Promote wiseuse of l<strong>and</strong>s such as hunting, hiking <strong>and</strong> fishingby tourists <strong>and</strong> the <strong>Tribes</strong> as a recreation,preservation <strong>and</strong> economic development strategy.56 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Tribal ResourcesCaddo Springs at ConchoFloodplain Protection. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will discouragedevelopment within 100-year floodplains <strong>and</strong>ensure that future development comply withFederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)st<strong>and</strong>ards for building construction relative tofloodplain elevations.Protection <strong>and</strong> Enhancement of Natural Habitat<strong>and</strong> Ecosystems. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will seek to preserve,protect <strong>and</strong> enhance sensitive natural featuressuch as wetl<strong>and</strong>s, riparian areas <strong>and</strong> wildlifehabitat, including buffering sensitive habitats.Air Quality Protection. The <strong>Tribes</strong> will workwith Federal, State <strong>and</strong> County health officialsto reduce the health risks posed by toxic airpollutants. Further, the <strong>Tribes</strong> will recognize theeffect of local wind patterns <strong>and</strong> topography onair quality, when considering potential sites forstationary air pollution sources.Recommended Natural Habitat Buffer DistancesLocation Sites DistanceWashita River Allotted L<strong>and</strong>s 300 feetNorth Canadian River Concho Reserve 300 feetCanadian River Allotted L<strong>and</strong>s 660 feetSalt Creek Allotted L<strong>and</strong>s 50 feetKingfisher Creek Allotted L<strong>and</strong>s 50 feetCobb Creek Colony Reserve 50 feetSalt Creek Allotted L<strong>and</strong>s 50 feetFoss Reservoir Allotted L<strong>and</strong>s 50 feetCanton Lake Canton Reserve 300 feetRiparian Areas Tribal L<strong>and</strong>s 50 feetGuiding Principles57
Framework Element:Cultural ResourcesGoalProtect <strong>and</strong> preserve the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>sacred traditions, culture, heritage song,language <strong>and</strong> ceremonies through educationalinvestments of the past, present <strong>and</strong> futuretraditional knowledge <strong>and</strong> traditional culturalexpressions of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people.PoliciesTraditional Language. Establish the use of<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> language, alongsideEnglish works, on all signs posted on <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> l<strong>and</strong>s, buildings <strong>and</strong> wayfindingsignage. Promote the teaching of traditionallanguage through an officially-approved publicschool curriculum, the Tribal language program,<strong>and</strong> the Tribal College.Art Partnerships, Promotion, <strong>and</strong> Education.Promote the development <strong>and</strong> expansion ofcultural facilities, including a Tribal interpretivecenter, performing arts <strong>and</strong> art exhibitionfacilities, Tribal College <strong>and</strong> community centers.Continue to foster partnerships with schools,arts organizations <strong>and</strong> encourage arts educationwithin the Tribal population to increase bothTribal member <strong>and</strong> general public awareness ofthe <strong>Tribes</strong>’ presence <strong>and</strong> cultural heritage.Cultural Site LocationsLocationSiteColonySeger SchoolColonyPowwow GroundsConchoCeremonial GroundsConchoConcho SchoolConchoChisholm TrailConchoPowwow GroundsConchoCaddo SpringsCantonCantonment SchoolBuildingCantonBurial GroundsCantonPowwow GroundsEl RenoFort Reno<strong>Cheyenne</strong>Washita BattlefieldNational Historical SiteSeilingBurial GroundsSeilingCeremonial GroundsEads, Colorado S<strong>and</strong> Creek MassacreNational Historical SiteSturgis, South Dakota Bear Butte NationalMonumentRed MoonCeremonial GroundsTraditional Art. Support the display of artin Tribal buildings <strong>and</strong> spaces that invitesinteraction <strong>and</strong> reflects Tribal spirit, history <strong>and</strong>culture.Historic Properties <strong>and</strong> L<strong>and</strong>marks. Developa detailed preservation strategy establishingthe <strong>Tribes</strong>’ goals for its historic properties <strong>and</strong>cultural l<strong>and</strong>marks <strong>and</strong> the necessary steps toreach those goals.Rock art58 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Tribal ResourcesHistoric Resource Identification. Identify <strong>and</strong>protect buildings, districts, <strong>and</strong> sites of historical,architectural, archaeological, or culturalsignificance. Encourage a survey of local historicresources on a local, state, or federal level <strong>and</strong>incorporate results <strong>and</strong> recommendations of ahistoric resource survey into a preservation planfor the <strong>Tribes</strong>.Education <strong>and</strong> Interpretation. Create historicpreservation education <strong>and</strong> outreach with thepublic through educational <strong>and</strong> interpretive sites<strong>and</strong> programs, <strong>and</strong> through cooperation <strong>and</strong>coordination with State <strong>and</strong> area preservationgroups.Compatibility between New Construction<strong>and</strong> Cultural Resources. Where possible, newconstruction should complement nearby historicbuildings.Education through Signage Design. Develop signgraphic st<strong>and</strong>ards that will be applied to signsdisplayed at Tribal facilities that reinforce the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> language, history <strong>and</strong>culture.Rock artImage source: Sharon Antelope <strong>and</strong> Leslie PananaImage source: Sharon Antelope<strong>and</strong> Leslie PananaGuiding Principles59
Ben Depew, Life Among the <strong>Cheyenne</strong>s, page 12b
FourCommunity Asset AreasAt the heart of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong><strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> is a series of communityasset area plans. Development on eachcommunity asset site aims to improve economicopportunities to individual Tribal members<strong>and</strong> the whole of the <strong>Tribes</strong>, creating a focus ofactivity that can act as a catalyst in achieving theoverall regeneration <strong>and</strong> growth of the impactedcommunities.Specific recommendations found in this chapterrelate to the following ten community asset areasites:• Canton• Clinton• Concho• Elk City• El Reno• Hammon (Red Moon)• Geary• Seiling• Watonga (Franklin Reserve)• ColonyStrategies developed for the sites were notproduced based on preconceived ideas aboutwhat the <strong>Tribes</strong> need. Like all other aspects ofthe <strong>Plan</strong>, recommended strategies were createdby evaluating input from Tribal members <strong>and</strong>taking into account market considerations. Inaddition to receiving input from Tribal members,representatives from many departments in theTribal administration provided great insight intospecific attributes of each site <strong>and</strong> the appropriate“fit” of recommended l<strong>and</strong> uses <strong>and</strong> developmentstrategies.Community Asset Areas61
Community Asset Area:Lodge, Casino & Spa with rentalcabins; Integration of Pow wowGrounds & Historic Property/FoundationsPreservation & Expansion ofExisting Indian CemeteryRoad 2460 NorthWalk-in Campgrounds& Rental Cabins withShoreline AccessCurrent ShorelineImprovement ProjectWalk-in Campgrounds &Rental Cabins with BoatLaunch & Marina AccessBoat Launch & New MarinaHighway 58APreservation/Restoration of Inlet,Steep Slopes & VegetationSingle unit HousingFlood Level Elevation/Safe Development LineOpen Space PreservationBelow Flood LevelElevationLake View HousingLocal Recreation/Community Center &Head Start FacilitySingle UnitHousingPreservation ofSteep Slopes/Riparian CorridorExisting Pow WowGrounds & SmokeShopRehabilitation Center/Transitional Center/Detention CenterHighway 51Natural ResourcesGateway & ContinuousBuffer Along Entry RoadL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 800’ 1600’ 3200’62 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
CantonInset - Canton Lodge concept planCommunity Asset Areas63
Canton LakeThe Canton Reserve offers long-term naturalresource-based recreation, communitydevelopment, recreation <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong> managementopportunities. This 2,235 acre (3.5 square miles)reserve includes one mile of shoreline on the westside of Canton Lake <strong>and</strong> the most desirable coveon the lake. The area represents a unique Tribalasset that brings economic opportunity togetherwith natural resource stewardship.The Canton Lake area is also known as one ofthe region’s best for hunting <strong>and</strong> fishing. Bestknown for an abundance of walleye, the areaoffers a variety of fish species. Canton PublicHunting Area, located along the north <strong>and</strong> westportion of the lake, covers 16,775 acres of l<strong>and</strong><strong>and</strong> is managed by the Oklahoma Department ofWildlife Conservation.The Corps of Engineers operates five multiuserecreation areas at Canton Lake with acombination of overnight camping <strong>and</strong> day-useopportunities. The park facility is to the publicyear-round for camping, fishing, <strong>and</strong> equestrianuses in addition to boating <strong>and</strong> water skiing onthe lake. The gently sloping s<strong>and</strong>y beach on theeast shoreline provides for swimming <strong>and</strong> otherrecreation.The Canton Lake conceptual communityasset area plan is divided into 3 major areas:waterfront lodge resort with casino <strong>and</strong> marina,new Tribal community composed of residentialneighborhoods, <strong>and</strong> a Tribal service centeraddressing social needs such as rehabilitation<strong>and</strong> a detention facility.Manage the Lake Shoreline <strong>and</strong> OtherNatural ResourcesDuring the public outreach process, participantsasked that the <strong>Plan</strong> promote protection of thelake shoreline, which has become badly eroded.The <strong>Plan</strong> calls for shoreline plantings, which arethe best protection against lake degradation.Use of native trees <strong>and</strong> shrubs will providean effective way to control the flow of excessnutrients to the lake <strong>and</strong> maintain a naturalisticquality. Shoreline plantings hold the nutrientsduring the growing season <strong>and</strong> the establishedroot systems give the shoreline more resistanceto erosion caused by currents, wave action <strong>and</strong>water level fluctuation.Protect FloodplainsClose to Canton Lake are areas located within the100-year floodplain, meaning that the areas have64 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Historic Cantonment Building (Headstart Program)a 1% chance of flooding in a given year <strong>and</strong> canundergo flooding more frequently than once every100 years.The proposed strategy for developmentappropriately locates permanent structures abovethe 100-year elevation. Floodplains have beencarefully mapped, <strong>and</strong> buildings not proposedfor those areas. Further, naturally vegetatedwetl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> riparian areas located within thefloodplain <strong>and</strong> that are home to wildlife wouldbe protected. The wetl<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> riparian systemscan help to accommodate natural storage offloodwaters during a major flood event.Create a New CommunitySouth of the historic Cantonment School (nowthe Headstart Program) would be a series ofnew amenitized neighborhoods characterizedby a variety of single unit housing styles withparks, sidewalks <strong>and</strong> trails. The plan for thisarea generally reflects housing provided in arural Oklahoma community, with smaller parcelstoward the interior of the neighborhood <strong>and</strong>larger lots located near the edge. Housing typesrange from small-scale cottages sited to respectprivacy <strong>and</strong> provide options for elder housing orsmall families to larger lots that accommodatelarger families.Provide Community ServicesPolicies geared toward the prevention ofsubstance abuse call for creation of a treatmentcenter that is readily accessible to those beingtreated <strong>and</strong> their family members. Providingtreatment for substance abuse for the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> is a high priority given that thealcohol <strong>and</strong>/or drug abuse has been identifiedas the number one problem facing the Tribalcommunity.Tribal members have indicated support forcreating a substance abuse rehabilitation center/transition center near Canton, as well as adetention facility.Action Items1. Work with casino <strong>and</strong> hotel operator toprogram <strong>and</strong> design a new lodge, casino,campground <strong>and</strong> marina2. Develop a specific shoreline protectiondesign3. Work collaboratively with the CantonPublic Works Authority to upgrade sewagelagoons <strong>and</strong> extend public sewer mains tonewly developing areas4. Develop a housing master planCommunity Asset Areas65
CasinoCampingCabinsCampingCabinsMarinaLodge66 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Canton LakeLodge & CasinoCreate a Tourist Destination Resort Based onOutdoor Recreation <strong>and</strong> GamingA new resort hub for recreation <strong>and</strong> gamingwould be built on Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s overlooking CantonLake, maximizing use of the west shoreline.The area’s centerpiece would be a combinationCanton Casino & Lodge that takes advantageof the boating, hunting, fishing, <strong>and</strong> hikingopportunities already provided in the area.The site would include a marina providing boatstorage <strong>and</strong> a fishing pier. Clusters of cabins areproposed along the northern edge of the lodge/casino that would provide an exp<strong>and</strong>ed visitoraccommodation choice. Cabins would be sited sothat the main rooms or porches overlook the lake.The area would capitalize on its proximity toOklahoma City as well as the inlet, dam, river,<strong>and</strong> the numerous surrounding recreationalamenities.Community Asset Areas67
Community Asset Area:Road 1030 EastExpansion/ Improvementof existing IndependEnt-living Facilities/ ElderHousingRoad 2270 NorthPossible L<strong>and</strong> Acquisitionfor Single Unit HousingNeighborhoodsPreservation ofL<strong>and</strong> for Futurefuneral HomePreservation/Expansion ofExisting CemeteryMedicalResearch/IndustrialFacilitiesPreservationof RiparianCorridor &SlopesExisting Medical/Health CenterPreservation ofExisting HistoricBuildingsSingle Unit &Independent LivingHousingCommunity/Recreation CenterPossibleExpansionof ExistingSenior CenterPossible L<strong>and</strong>Acquisition forExpansion ofMedical Research/Industrial FacilitiesExisting SeniorCenter & FireStationExpansion of SmokeShop Retail Centerwith Preservation ofHistoric ChurchCasino ExpansionWith Hotel &Water ParkMedical Research/Industrial FacilitiesNeighborhood-Scale Retail/CommercialCenterHousingAdministration &ActivitiesCenterPossible L<strong>and</strong>Acquisition toHighwayL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 150’ 300’ 600’68 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
ClintonAction Items1. Work collaboratively with Oklahoma Department of Transportation to reconfigure the currentinterchange to improve access to tribally-owned l<strong>and</strong>.2. Develop a detailed hotel plan that coordinates with future expansion plans for the Lucky StarCasino.3. Study Tribal medical activity to determine niche medical services.4. Identify grant opportunities to fund water system improvements needed to serve futuredevelopment.The Clinton Reserve enjoys significant regionalconnectivity through easy access to Interstate40 <strong>and</strong> Highway 183. There is a variety of sitesconducive to different types of developmentwithin Tribally controlled l<strong>and</strong>s in Clinton,including the established commercial anchor ofthe Lucky Star Casino <strong>and</strong> Clinton Smoke Shop<strong>and</strong> offices for the Tribal Housing <strong>and</strong> ReSPECTprograms.The area provides essential Tribal healthservices, including the Indian Health ServicesCenter, the Senior Center, Assisted LivingCenter, Emergency Medical Services, theSubstance Abuse Program, HeadStart program,childcare facilities <strong>and</strong> fitness center.Clinton will be the <strong>Tribes</strong>’ hub for medical care<strong>and</strong> related uses. This opportunity for medical<strong>and</strong> health care related industries will likelybe tied to changes in demographics <strong>and</strong> otherrelated factors. With its central location withinthe service area <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong> readily available to bedeveloped, Clinton is ideally situated to providemedical services <strong>and</strong> housing geared toward anaging Tribal population.Serving the population to the east is no problem;however, traffic from the west does not haveaccess at the current interchange. This limitedaccess may affect the recommended new uses.Proposed development concepts build upon theexisting pattern of uses. Tribal members wouldlike to exp<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> enhance the existing elderlycare services <strong>and</strong> housing options in the ClintonReserve in order to provide convenient access tobasic goods, services <strong>and</strong> medical facilities.Community Asset Areas69
Community Asset Area:Boy/ Girl ScoutCampgrounds& Rental CabinsFuture Single Unit HousingNaturalized Gateway FeatureImprovements/ Expansion ofHousing to include Assisted/Independent/ Elder HousingL<strong>and</strong> Acquisition forBuffalo Herd ExpansionRelocatedPowwowGroundsAt Lake edgeHighway 81150th Street NEImprovements/ Expansionof Existing Fairgrounds &Connections to Chisholm trailBuffalo Processing <strong>Plan</strong>t inconjunction with the BuffaloHerd ExpansionImproved & Exp<strong>and</strong>ed TribalGovernmental Complex withSpace for BIA & IHSBuffalo HerdExpansionRetailExpansion withIndian Village& Tribally-Made ProductsJustice CenterCultural/ Visitor Center/Buffalo OverlookFuture Single Unit HousingPreservation ofStreamway & ChisholmTrail SystemPreservation ofSlopes & StreamwaysContinuation ofAgricultureNaturalizedGatewayFeatureCasinoExpansionCasino Hotel/Spa/ ResortAreaEast Hefner RoadL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 800’ 1600’ 3200’70 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
ConchoThe Concho Reserve is home to the soon to beexp<strong>and</strong>ed Lucky Star Casino, a variety of Tribaladministrative offices <strong>and</strong> functions, <strong>and</strong> thebuffalo herd.The conceptual plan maximizes the value of thecasino asset. The development strategy at Conchocalls for an expansion of l<strong>and</strong> uses around theexisting casino, including a hotel <strong>and</strong> indoor oroutdoor performance venue that will attract moreguests with a bigger attraction <strong>and</strong> encouragethem to stay multiple days. This is accomplishedby providing a variety of new cultural, retail,recreation <strong>and</strong> accommodation options that arewell-designed <strong>and</strong> thoughtfully arranged tomaximize the enjoyable experiences of visitors. Byidentifying the types of desired future l<strong>and</strong> usesahead of time, they can be planned <strong>and</strong> arrangedin such a way that building them out over timewill not hinder the development of other futureopportunities.New development north of the Casino/hotel entryarea is designed to enhance existing culturalheritage sites, such as the Chisholm Trail, CaddoSprings, <strong>and</strong> the Tribal buffalo herd, providinga great tourism attraction as well as a way toeducate others about the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>culture. This area will also provide essentialTribal services <strong>and</strong> housing primarily gearedtoward Tribal staff. New government buildingswill also be built in this area.<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> AdministrativeComplexFuture additions to the Concho area will offer theopportunity to exp<strong>and</strong> the centralized locationof <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong>’ services <strong>and</strong>those provided by other public agencies like theBureau of Indian Affairs. This will involve theconstruction of new, high-quality buildings <strong>and</strong>redevelopment of key Concho school buildings.Action Items1. Develop a new Tribal water supply, watertreatment package plant <strong>and</strong> distributionsystem2. Fund-raising feasibility study forInterpretive Center3. Complete asbestos remediation <strong>and</strong>rehabilitation of Concho school buildings<strong>and</strong> convert space to Tribal offices4. Seek grant for high-tech businessincubatorTribal HousingAs the casino, hotel <strong>and</strong> other areas of Conchodevelop <strong>and</strong> attract more jobs to the immediatevicinity, the need for affordable, proximatehousing will increase. There is a greatopportunity to meet these housing needs on l<strong>and</strong>north of the Tribal administrative complex. Theseresidential areas will cater to those that work in<strong>and</strong> around the Concho area.Base EmploymentIn addition to Tribal government positions, newemployment is planned through the creation of ahigh tech office center/business incubator, wherepeople can run small businesses, meat processing<strong>and</strong> tourism related jobs.Grocery StoreDensity in the area is sufficient to support a smallgrocery store to serve Tribal members.Community Asset Areas71
Exp<strong>and</strong>ed LuckyStar CasinoThemed Hotel <strong>and</strong>Performing ArtsNew Entryway ExperienceA unified l<strong>and</strong>scape <strong>and</strong> signage treatment willcreate a positive entry experience for visitors toConcho. The l<strong>and</strong>scape development charactershould help to create a unifying element thatcomplements the varied architectural styles foundwithin the area. Signs should similarly reflectthis common design theme.L<strong>and</strong> uses within the entryway area include anexp<strong>and</strong>ed Lucky Star casino core area with ahotel <strong>and</strong> outdoor performance area, the Tribalsmoke shop, fuel sales <strong>and</strong> convenience retail.72 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Concho Reserve:New Entryway ExperienceFreest<strong>and</strong>ingDirectorySignThemed Fuel Sales +Convenience RetailTribal SmokeShopUnified ‘prairie style”l<strong>and</strong>scape treatmentsCommunity Asset Areas73
Tribal Arts & CraftsDisplay <strong>and</strong> SalesInterpretiveCenter Display,Museum <strong>and</strong> GiftShopShopping Street Leadsto Tribal GovernmentBuildings74 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Concho Reserve: <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> Interpretive Center<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Interpretive CenterThe Interpretive Center will be dedicatedto restoring <strong>and</strong> preserving an awareness ofthe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> people <strong>and</strong> theirhistorical, cultural, material <strong>and</strong> present-dayinfluence. Visitor information would be providedthrough exhibits, events <strong>and</strong> educationalprograms. Other important components of theCenter will be a sales area with outdoor bazaar,that provides the opportunity to purchase Tribalarts, crafts, <strong>and</strong> a viewing area for the Buffaloherd that includes interpretive signage. Buffalotours would be led from the interpretive center.Buffalo Viewing AreaTrails to CabinsSimulatedEncampmentCommunity Asset Areas75
Community Asset Area:N. Lester St.N. Eastern Ave.Interstate 40 40ExistingResidential AreaFocal/Entry FeatureRealigned InternalCirculationTruckStopPreserve ExistingL<strong>and</strong>scapeas Buffer toResidentialWrapped RetailFacing 7th StreetCasino withIntegratedRetailPassengerVehicle StopShared ConvenienceRetail/ CommercialGateway FeatureL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 150’ 300’ 600’76 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Elk CityThe Elk City community asset area is a welllocated48 acre site with direct access <strong>and</strong>visibility to Interstate 40. Members of the Tribalcommunity agree that this site should be thefocus of economic generation.Due to the new Super Wal-Mart directly acrossInterstate 40, the immediate interchangearea is on its way to becoming a highwaycommercial center, <strong>and</strong> Tribally-owned l<strong>and</strong>provides significant additional opportunity toexp<strong>and</strong> commercial uses to the north side of theinterchange.Action Items1. Design water <strong>and</strong> sewer main extensionsto the City of Elk City utility system.2. Develop retail market analysis, identifyingtargeted merchants.3. Complete site <strong>and</strong> architecturaldevelopment plans.Complementary uses that can capture passthrough traffic from the interstate are auto <strong>and</strong>truck repair, fuel stations <strong>and</strong> small to mediumsizerestaurants <strong>and</strong> convenience type retailbuildings that are easily accessible from adjacentroads <strong>and</strong> the highway. The plan includes a newhotel <strong>and</strong> casino.Travel plaza integrated with retail, northern ColoradoCommunity Asset Areas77
Casino/Hotel/EntertainmentBased on the site attributes, the conceptualcommunity asset area plan creates a blueprintfor a large-scale casino, hotel <strong>and</strong> retail complexgeared toward the motoring public travelingthe Interstate highway. The site provides theopportunity for larger-scale, more conventionalautomobile-oriented commercial <strong>and</strong> largerfootprint shopping. These uses, along withthe Casino <strong>and</strong> hotel should be designedunder adopted architectural st<strong>and</strong>ards toensure a consistent character. In addition tosubstantiating the market desirability of thislocation, the existing Wal-Mart facility is a majorcustomer draw on a year-round basis that willspill over to adjacent areas.L<strong>and</strong>scape BufferSeparating Residences tothe NorthRetail &Services78 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Elk City:Commercial Center & CasinoCasino/HotelAuto/Truck Service &RetailFuel Sales &ConvenienceRetailRetail &ServicesCommunity Asset Areas79
Community Asset Area:County Club RoadInterstate 40Single Unit HousingNeighborhoodsHotel/ Neighborhood-scale RetailL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceMiscellaneousExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsTrails SystemsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds 0 150’ 300’ 600’80 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
El RenoThe <strong>Tribes</strong> have recently purchased a 90-acreparcel fronting Interstate 40, just southeastof the South Country Club Road interchange.Given the site’s proximity to the Oklahoma Citymetropolitan area, traffic volume is high, withover 25,000 vehicles passing through this sectionof I-40 daily.The site has the following opportunities:• Proximity to Interstate Highway• Access is relatively good, with an accessapproximately ¼ mile from the interchange• Proximity to the Oklahoma City regionalmarket• Suitable for highway-related businesses (i.e.retail, services, food / beverage, etc.)Key considerations include:Action Items1. Extend existing City of El Reno watermain to the east.2. Re-zone property from Agricultural-Adistrict.3. Receive access permit to South CountryClub Road.• Competition from existing restaurant <strong>and</strong>motel chains• Visibility is excellent from the Interstate,but more than half of the frontage along theabutting street, South Country Club Road,has already been developed which restrictsaccess to a certain degree• Area road pattern <strong>and</strong> infrastructure isreportedly limited at presentCommunity Asset Areas81
Community Asset Area:Road 2035 NorthContinuation ofAgricultureRoad 2050 NorthContinuation ofAgriculturePreservation/Expansion of PowWow GroundsPreservation ofRiparian CorridorsRoad 0940 EastContinuation ofAgricultureNew Community/Recreation CenterConservation / ClusterNeighborhoodsNeighborhood-ScaleRetail AreaHighway 34L<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 400’ 800’ 1200’82 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Hammon (Red Moon)The Hammon (Red Moon) Reserve site is locatednortheast of the small agricultural communityof Hammon. The reserve abuts a rural highway(SH 33) that carries limited traffic volumes,with vehicles traveling at relatively high speeds.Most of the 1,280 acres within the reserve arecultivated in winter wheat or used as pasture.The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> have ceremonialgrounds on a small portion of the reserve.The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> also own theHammon Community Center near the center ofthe Town of HammonTribal Residential <strong>and</strong> Supporting Retail thatPreserve the Area’s Rural CharacterThe conceptual design for the Hammon Reservecontains a mix of uses, including agriculturalproduction <strong>and</strong> housing. Various sizes of singleunit housing would be built, ranging fromsmall cottages to larger conventional homes.Housing would be setback from the highway toreduce noise impacts <strong>and</strong> increase livability forresidents. Entrances to the new neighborhoodsshould complement the character of the area bymaintaining an appearance that does not detractfrom the rural scenery. Housing developmentwould likely be financed with Tribal funds.Commercial uses should contain visualelements that are sensitive to, <strong>and</strong> reinforce,the surrounding rural character. Buildings <strong>and</strong>commercial signs would be designed to reflect thevernacular design characteristics found in thearea.Agricultural Production <strong>and</strong> GrazingContinuing agricultural uses in this locationrecognizes the contribution of agriculture to therural l<strong>and</strong>scape as well as support grazing <strong>and</strong>crop production as a viable economic resource.Action Items1. Upsize the Frontier DevelopmentAuthority’s existing 3” water main servingthe area.2. Develop detailed housing lot planSmall CasinoThe <strong>Tribes</strong> have discussed the possibility ofa casino fronting on SH33, although marketanalysis indicates that such a facility would notbe supported at this location.Preserve Riparian CorridorsSeveral creeks cross through Hammon Reservethat are worthy of long-term protection due tothe riparian wildlife habitat found along thebanks of such streams. These riparian habitatsare ecologically diverse <strong>and</strong> may be home to awide range of plants, insects <strong>and</strong> amphibians thatmake them ideal for different species of birds.Development within riparian areas should beavoided <strong>and</strong> in those cases where disturbanceoccurs, riparian habitat of equal or greaterhabitat function should replace the disturbedarea.Small-Scale Grocery Store within the Town ofHammonThe Hammon community has an insufficientnumber of households to support a full-servicegrocery store; however, the <strong>Tribes</strong> can partnerwith a small grocer to operate with a limitedproduct line that can provide convenience goodsto the community, while designing the building<strong>and</strong> site to accommodate daily convenience-typeshopping.Community Asset Areas83
Community Asset Area:Interstate 40Retail/Restaurant/GreenhouseL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceMiscellaneousExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsTrails SystemsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds 0 100’ 200’ 400’84 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
GearyThe 6.8 acre Rodeo Joe’s property is located offof Interstate 40, west of El Reno <strong>and</strong> just southof Geary at the Hwy 281 interchange. This sitehouses a pre-fabricated metal building.Adaptively Reuse the Existing Building asa Combination <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Arts<strong>and</strong> Crafts Shop, Small Restaurant <strong>and</strong>GreenhouseThe <strong>Plan</strong> recommends conversion of a portion ofthe existing building into a small <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> arts <strong>and</strong> crafts retail outlet, with theremainder as a restaurant <strong>and</strong> greenhouse. Thegreenhouse would allow the <strong>Tribes</strong> to producehigh value fruit <strong>and</strong> vegetables, which could besold on-site as well as included within traditional<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> dishes served at therestaurant. The site also allows sufficient spacefor a parking area to serve all of the intendedfunctions.Action Items:1. Pave the adjacent roadway accessing thesite.2. Develop an architectural plan <strong>and</strong>construction documents to convert theexisting building to a store, restaurant<strong>and</strong> greenhouse.3. Develop detailed l<strong>and</strong>scaping, siteimprovement <strong>and</strong> signage plan.An alternative short-term use for the propertymight be as a regional storage, industrial orlogistics facility. Retrofitting the existing buildingwith these uses would likely enable low-costentry into the market, while providing immediaterevenue to the <strong>Tribes</strong>.Greenhouse at <strong>Cheyenne</strong> Botanic Gardens, <strong>Cheyenne</strong>, Wyoming. Photo by Mark Kosmos, design by AECOM.Community Asset Areas85
Community Asset Area:Highway 270/281 270/281Elm StreetPreservation/ Expansionof Tribal CeremonialGroundsContinuation ofAgricultureHighway 60Continuation of ExistingUsesTruck stop & Truckrelated Businesses withHighway AccessWarehouse/ StorageFacilities with HighwayAccessPreservation of RiparianArea/ GreenwaysL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 150’ 300’ 600’86 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
SeilingThe Seiling community asset area is located alongHighway 281 along the south <strong>and</strong> east side of theTown of Seiling.The conceptual community asset area plan callsprimarily for industries related to trucking <strong>and</strong>storage, <strong>and</strong> continuation of existing l<strong>and</strong> usessuch as agricultural production <strong>and</strong> grazing.Truck Stop <strong>and</strong> RepairSeiling’s location at the intersection of twohighways, US 183 <strong>and</strong> US 281, <strong>and</strong> two localroads, County Roads 3 <strong>and</strong> 51, along with thehigh volume of regional trucking, suggests thatthe area can function as a trucking hub. Thehighway network provides convenient truckroutes toward Amarillo to the west, Tulsa to theeast, <strong>and</strong> the Interstate 40 corridor to the south.This trucking hub would be located on acquiredTribal l<strong>and</strong> on the north side of Highway 281 <strong>and</strong>composed of a commercial truck stop, truck repair<strong>and</strong> sleeping accommodations. The commercialtruck stop facility would provide fuel, parking,<strong>and</strong> food services to motorists <strong>and</strong> truck drivers.Full-service maintenance facilities for heavytrucks, as well as truck washing services, wouldbe provided.Warehousing <strong>and</strong> StorageDecentralized regional or local distributionwarehouses may be a synergistic use with thetrucking hub. The flat, 155 acre site located onthe south side of Highway 281 is appropriatelysized to accommodate a substantial warehousingfacility.Action Items1. Collaborate with the Seiling Public WorksAuthority to finance a water lift stationto serve the site <strong>and</strong> construct water <strong>and</strong>sewer main extensions.2. Complete a market feasibility analysis forboth the truck stop <strong>and</strong> repair uses <strong>and</strong>distribution warehouses.3. Complete a transportation impactanalysis <strong>and</strong> access permit from ODOTfor sites accessing the highway. Theanalysis will determine the level of accessimprovements needed to accommodatefuture development.Community Asset Areas87
Community Asset Area:Highway 270/281Road 2575 NorthExpansion of ExistingTribal ServicesExisting BuildingComplex With ExistingHealth Center & FoodDistribution CenterExisting CasinoIndustrial/ WarehouseFacilities with RailroadAccessIndependent/ AssistedLiving Facilities orRehabilitation FacilitiesPark Space withPreservation of ExistingVegetationExisting RailroadRoad 0820 EastL<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 150’ 300’ 600’88 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Watonga (Franklin Reserve)The Watonga site (Franklin Reserve) is thelocation of the Feather Warrior Casino, IndianHealth Center, <strong>and</strong> a food distribution facility.The site has relatively good road access <strong>and</strong>includes an existing rail line. Proposed additionalpotential activities include an industrial /manufacturing area (i.e. possible call centerconcept) exp<strong>and</strong>ed Tribal services functions,senior housing development linked to the healthcenter <strong>and</strong> possible casino related activity.From a location perspective, the Watongacommunity asset area is well suited for theproposed functions. The casino <strong>and</strong> proposedindustrial / manufacturing functions link wellto the areas road access <strong>and</strong> proximity to theOklahoma City regional markets. The healthcenter <strong>and</strong> food distribution activity can servesimilar Tribal markets <strong>and</strong> senior housingdevelopment would also link to existing activity.The call center proposal appears well-suited toTribal employment needs <strong>and</strong> probable skills.Industrial/ManufacturingThe l<strong>and</strong> lying east of the rail line is well-locatedfor light industrial development due to bothproximity to the highway <strong>and</strong> potential railwayaccess. Locating the industrial developmentbehind the existing trees lining both sides of therailway will minimize visual impact to the area.Elder HousingIt is important that the housing opportunitiesfor elders be located within an easy walk of civicservices, parks, <strong>and</strong> other residents to fosterhealthy community interactions that allowelders to stay in a familiar place. The conceptualplan provides for a continuum of care, fromseparate “independent” living units for those inthe younger edge of the spectrum, to an elderresidential care facility where food <strong>and</strong> basicmedical services are provided in a group setting.This full range of elder housing would be sitedsouth of the Feather Warrior Casino <strong>and</strong> HealthCenter, just west of the future Tribal communitypark site.Action Items1. Design water main extension to theindustrial site <strong>and</strong> bore under railroadline.2. Prepare architectural <strong>and</strong> site design forthe community Center.3. Develop l<strong>and</strong>scape design for TribalCommunity Park.4. Conduct a feasibility study of building<strong>and</strong> operating an Assisted Living <strong>and</strong>Independent Living facility to serve the<strong>Tribes</strong>’ elders, seniors, <strong>and</strong> the disabled.5. Develop incentives package for a callcenter.Tribal Community ParkWith this concentration of activity at Watonga, aneighborhood-scale park on the north side of Road0820 East would create an important gatheringspot. This park would be situated in a locationfor residents to the proposed elder housing <strong>and</strong>community/recreation center.Community Asset Areas89
Community Asset Area:The Colony Reserve is in an attractive rural setting approximately 15 miles south of Interstate40. The traditions of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> can be found at Colony, centered on the Powwowgrounds. Here, people gather on a regular basis to learn about <strong>and</strong> enjoy Tribal culture <strong>and</strong> history.The largest individual event is the annual Labor Day Powwow, where thous<strong>and</strong>s gather to experiencetraditional dance, music <strong>and</strong> food <strong>and</strong> purchase traditional arts <strong>and</strong> crafts.L<strong>and</strong> Use TypesMiscellaneousRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial CommercialResort/ Hotel/ Tourism CommercialCivic/ CulturalClustered HousingSingle-Family HousingAgricultureParks/ Open SpaceExisting RoadwaysInterior ConnectionsRiparian/ Open Space PreservationWaterways/ Ponds0 400’ 800’ 1200’Highway 54BRoad 2410 NorthDowntown PreservationImprovements/ Expansionof Existing Pow WowGrounds & Preservationof Historic PropertiesSingle Unit HousingPreservationOf Low-LyingRiparian AreaRoad 2430 NorthContinuation ofAgricultureEquestrian/Outdoor Events/Equestrian-BasedRehabilitationCenterGuest Ranch, RentalCabin Sites & CampingRoad 1160 eastHunting Preserve <strong>and</strong>/or Cattle Production/AgricultureRoad 1170 East90 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Road 2430 NorthColonySince future changes to Colony Reserve are basedon protection <strong>and</strong> enhancement of the area as aspecial rural place, future development has beentaken to an appropriately smaller scale. Thedevelopment strategy calls for restoration <strong>and</strong>reuse of the existing historic buildings to create anew core <strong>and</strong> focal point for the area <strong>and</strong> providethe potential for supportive new residential areas<strong>and</strong> equestrian-oriented business that maintainthe area’s strong rural character.Restore the Historic Seger School <strong>and</strong>GroundsThe historic Seger School is an important pieceof the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong>’ modernhistory that should remain intact <strong>and</strong> be wellrepresented in the future. This school representsa page in the <strong>Tribes</strong>’ history, <strong>and</strong> it can remain acornerstone of the Colony community even whenused for another purpose. Appropriate uses couldinclude Tribal events <strong>and</strong> as a cultural educationcenter.Preserve AgricultureContinuing agricultural uses in the <strong>Tribes</strong>’special rural places as Colony is a fundamentalcomponent of the area’s rural lifestyle.Preservation ofRiparian Area &StreamwaysIt is important to protect these l<strong>and</strong>s <strong>and</strong> torecognize them as viable economic resources.The existing mix of grazing <strong>and</strong> agriculturalproduction would be enhanced by the inclusion ofthe equestrian center.Develop New Housing that ComplementsColony’s SettingThe conceptual community asset area plancalls for a new residential neighborhood to beconstructed south of the town <strong>and</strong> west of thePowwow grounds <strong>and</strong> school site. Proposedhousing would be conventional single unithomes at a variety of house sizes. These newresidences complement the character of the areathrough careful house siting, which maintains anappearance that does not detract from the ruralscenery.Create an Equestrian Center with SupportingUsesThe equestrian center would provide horseboarding, training, rehabilitation <strong>and</strong> the abilityto host small competitions. The Center’s locationprovides access to open the beautiful rural l<strong>and</strong>ssurrounding Colony. Related to the equestrianuses would be a “Guest Ranch”, where guests canexperience the western ranching lifestyle.Action Items1. Create a detailed l<strong>and</strong>scape restoration<strong>and</strong> building rehabilitation plan for theformer Seger Indian School <strong>and</strong> grounds2. Obtain grants for environmentalremediation <strong>and</strong> rehabilitation of theformer school <strong>and</strong> surrounding structures<strong>and</strong> grounds, <strong>and</strong> apply for listing of thesestructures on the National Register ofHistoric Places.3. Work with Washita Co. Rural WaterDistrict #2 to upsize the existing watermain that will serve the new residentialneighborhoodCommunity Asset Areas91
Photo by Scott Reyman, AECOM
Five<strong>Plan</strong> ImplementationAs part of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong><strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>ning process, AECOMEconomics evaluated economic <strong>and</strong> market trendsapplicable to l<strong>and</strong> under <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>Tribal jurisdiction. This chapter summarizes the<strong>Tribes</strong>’ ability to capture an increasing shareof the region’s economic growth, addresses thelocal needs of Tribal members, <strong>and</strong> providesinsight on the development of ten prospectivecommunity asset areas. The market assessmenttakes a long-term view, recognizing that many ofthe suggested investments will be implementedincrementally over the coming decades.Market conditions were evaluated within the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Service Area with respectto housing, employment (office <strong>and</strong> industrialuses), recreation <strong>and</strong> tourism, <strong>and</strong> supportingservices such as commercial retail <strong>and</strong> lodging,to underst<strong>and</strong> how recent trends <strong>and</strong> economicconditions affect development opportunities. Thisinformation was utilized in economic models thatevaluate overall development potentials for usesin the 10 community asset areas as well as othersites under Tribal control.The primary findings summarized withinthis chapter reflect data derived from readilyavailable federal, state <strong>and</strong> local sources, afield investigation, <strong>and</strong> information gatheredfrom interviews with key Tribal staff (refer toAppendix A for a list of individuals interviewed).The following specific information <strong>and</strong> methodswere used to determine market feasibility:• Data generated from the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> &<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> 2009 Base Studies Report(CWF <strong>Plan</strong>ning Services, LLC 2009) <strong>and</strong><strong>Cheyenne</strong> & <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> Economic Study(WHPacific, November 2007);• Jobs skills within the Tribal work force;• Traffic count data from the OklahomaDepartment of Transportation (ODOT),County <strong>and</strong> local sources;• Oklahoma tourist trade data; <strong>and</strong>• An examination of partnerships with federal,state <strong>and</strong> local governments, <strong>and</strong> other publicagencies;In addition to testing market potential for usesidentified in the <strong>Plan</strong>, the recommendationsare also intended to guide the critical decisionsrequired by the <strong>Tribes</strong>.<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation93
Summary of Key FindingsKey findings <strong>and</strong> recommendations from themarket analysis are summarized below:The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> arewell-positioned to take advantage ofthe national <strong>and</strong> regional rise in culturalheritage tourism.Nationally, there has been an increase in“cultural heritage tourism”. The National Trustdefines cultural heritage tourism as travelingto experience the places <strong>and</strong> activities thatauthentically represent the people, history<strong>and</strong> culture of a particular region. 1 There isno singular definition for cultural or heritagetourism or development strategy as each programbuilds upon the resources that are available ina particular area. However, at its core is that inmany instances, preserving <strong>and</strong> sharing localculture <strong>and</strong> heritage with visitors can bringeconomic benefits to a community. Examplesof cultural heritage tourism can range fromsmall museum tours highlighting the food <strong>and</strong>architecture of local cultures to performancesarts to historic trails.The 2006 Travel Activities <strong>and</strong> MotivationsSurvey (TAMS) by Lang Research surveyedUS travelers for participation in 98 activities<strong>and</strong> events that could be considered culture orentertainment oriented. AECOM Economicshas highlighted the top twenty that were mostcommon for US travelers. Of these twentyactivities, over half could realistically be part of atourism development program with a cultural orheritage focus. Visiting historic sites, museums<strong>and</strong> galleries (41.2 percent); visiting theaters,casinos <strong>and</strong> comedy clubs (35.1 percent); <strong>and</strong>visiting fairs <strong>and</strong> festivals (31.7 percent) werethe most common activities with a cultural orheritage focus for US travelers (Source: LangResearch, Inc., Travel Activities <strong>and</strong> MotivationsSurvey, 2006.). These activities match the currentdevelopment program in areas like Concho <strong>and</strong>Colony.1 http://www.nationaltrust.org/heritage_tourism/index.htmlIn general, research has demonstrated thattravelers who participate in cultural <strong>and</strong>heritage-related activities are well-educated <strong>and</strong>have above-average levels of income. Researchindicates that over half of participants havepost-secondary degrees. This is in comparison toroughly 39 percent of all traveling households.Activities characterized by the greatest shareof participants with post-secondary degreesinclude archeological digs (74.6 percent) <strong>and</strong>high art performances (74.2 percent). Notsurprisingly, activities characterized by thehighest levels of participant education are alsocharacterized by the highest average householdincomes. Archeological digs ($95,591), highart performances ($89,361), wine, beer <strong>and</strong>food tasting ($89,722) <strong>and</strong> fine dining <strong>and</strong>spas ($91,604) are activities with participantscharacterized by the highest average householdincomes. All the activities match well with theexp<strong>and</strong>ed casino amenities.Oklahoma’s experience reflects that of the nation,with heritage tourism as a fast growing industrysegment in the state where museums, culturalsites <strong>and</strong> similar destinations are projected to seea 63% increase in visitors over the ten-year periodfrom 2004-2014 (Source: Oklahoma 2014).94 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> have theability to invigorate the local economy <strong>and</strong>become more economically sustainable over timeby preserving <strong>and</strong> developing their substantialcultural heritage assets.These Tribal assets are significant, <strong>and</strong> rangefrom historic sites such as the Chisholm Trail,Caddo Springs <strong>and</strong> Colony school; to beautifulnatural features like Canton Lake; as well asthe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> buffalo herd <strong>and</strong>the future Interpretive Center. Going h<strong>and</strong>in-h<strong>and</strong>with development of these assets aresupport services like lodging, hunting, fishing <strong>and</strong>equestrian guide services, restaurants servingtraditionally-prepared <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>foods, <strong>and</strong> the sale of traditional arts <strong>and</strong> crafts.Tourism visitation to areas offering interpretivethemes based on Tribal culture <strong>and</strong>, morespecifically, attractions emphasizing nativelanguage, art, <strong>and</strong> the area’s natural historycan be significant should they be designed,programmed <strong>and</strong> marketed appropriately,even in relatively remote locations, shouldthey be designed, programmed <strong>and</strong> marketedappropriately. AECOM’s experience workingwith cultural <strong>and</strong> historic facilities in similarcontexts suggests that visitation to <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> cultural facilities <strong>and</strong> sites wouldgenerate revenues through public use (entry feesplus vending/gift shops expenditures), associatedwith research <strong>and</strong> educational uses (local schools<strong>and</strong> the Tribal College), longer visits, as well assponsored special events. Opportunities for NetOperating Income (NOI) related to such revenueswould need to be evaluated on a case-by-casebasis <strong>and</strong> are dependant on the particular concept<strong>and</strong> experience being considered.Chisholm Trail. Image source: Engineering Department of the OklahomaState Wyoming Commission<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation95
Calumet Grocery StoreStrategic business operations by the<strong>Tribes</strong> will capture Tribal members’expenditures <strong>and</strong> provide needed goods<strong>and</strong> services.There are certain markets within the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> jurisdiction where Tribal membersare inadequately served <strong>and</strong> will benefit fromTribally operated stores <strong>and</strong> services locatedcloser to the population. The location of goods <strong>and</strong>services needed by the Tribal population requiresa long distance commute for essentials such asgroceries <strong>and</strong> medical care. This relative lack ofservices suggests that there is some ‘leakage’ ofTribal member expenditures in the conveniencegood, general merch<strong>and</strong>ise <strong>and</strong> eating <strong>and</strong>drinking categories that could be captured all orin part by the <strong>Tribes</strong>.When identifying sites for retail outlets,restaurants, medical facilities <strong>and</strong> othercommercial uses, developers rely on demographicdata including the trade-area population, trafficcounts, median household income <strong>and</strong> theemployment base to determine where they willlocate. At the present time, many of the identified<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> community asset areas, aswell as the immediately surrounding areas, haveinsufficient population density, so real estateinvestors are deterred from developing those sitesfor retail <strong>and</strong> commercial uses.<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> buffalo herdTherefore, in order to provide the Tribal servicesneeded, the <strong>Tribes</strong> need to take a strategic <strong>and</strong>incremental approach to development. To besuccessful, many of the services need to enter themarket with small-scale facilities <strong>and</strong> the builtincapacity to grow over time. A good example isa grocery store serving the Tribal population in<strong>and</strong> around the Town of Hammon. In this case,the <strong>Tribes</strong> should begin with the operation of avery small-scale grocery, either retrofitting anexisting building or constructing a small buildingdesigned with an eye on future expansion, <strong>and</strong>carefully monitoring sales over a period to time tounderst<strong>and</strong> the level of market support.In order for commercial development to besuccessful, households should be concentratedin the community asset areas within walkingdistance or a short drive of commercialenterprises, which should be near keyintersections.96 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
US Photovoltaic Solar Resource: Flat Plate Tilted at Latitude; US 50 Meter Wind Power ResourceThe <strong>Tribes</strong> should position themselvesto take advantage of renewable energyresources.Opportunities will be explored to maximizedevelopment of wind energy <strong>and</strong> solar powertechnologies. Some of the l<strong>and</strong>s within the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> jurisdiction possesswind speeds sufficient to support commercialapplications, with wind ratings ranging from“fair” to “excellent” <strong>and</strong> running at average windspeeds of 14.3 – 17.9 miles per hour (measured50 meters above the ground). Similarly, thearea has a high percentage of sunny days witha corresponding incidence of solar radiationranging from 5.5 to 4.63 kWh per square meterper day that can be captured through photovoltaic(pv) cells (source: National Renewable EnergyLaboratory).In order to be commercially viable, wind farmproperties need to be selected based upon thepresence of consistently high wind speeds inaddition to their proximity to appropriately-sizedelectric substations <strong>and</strong> transmission lines thatcan transfer the power being generated.Building new transmission lines can costanywhere from $100,000 per mile to $1,000,000per mile, depending on the size <strong>and</strong> length ofthe lines. This can add considerable costs to theoverall project. With this in mind, it is in the bestinterest of the <strong>Tribes</strong> to find wind farm sites asclose as possible to transmission lines as well assubstations.Critical to the evaluation of wind sites will bewind speed <strong>and</strong> pattern data that has beencollected through anemometers over a sufficienttimeframe to ensure adequate wind resources arepresent. The best locations for wind generationfacilities are identified on the <strong>Comprehensive</strong><strong>Plan</strong> Future L<strong>and</strong> Use map.Casinos operated on Tribal l<strong>and</strong>s havesuccessfully captured regional marketshare <strong>and</strong> will continue to be successfulin this competitive market if strategicgaming enhancements are made.Gaming program enhancement typically includescreating destination attractions such as lodging,support activities, entertainment <strong>and</strong> enhancedmembership benefits. This process exp<strong>and</strong>s thefacility’s primary market areas <strong>and</strong> facilitatesovernight visitors. Experience has showngaming programs to be very competitive withina given market if the right enhancements aremade over time. Therefore, maintaining theeconomic benefits <strong>and</strong> share of the availablegaming market should be a key economic focusof the overall planning process. Key actions haveincluded new hotels, performing arts facilities,retail <strong>and</strong> restaurants.<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation97
Market Trends / DevelopmentFrameworkMarket Trends <strong>and</strong> OpportunitiesThe <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Tribal areaencompasses a nine-county region in westernOklahoma. The area has a total population ofapproximately 200,000 people with an estimated4,900 members of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong><strong>Tribes</strong> residing within this area. An additional7,356 Tribal members reside outside this ninecountyarea. With the exception of CanadianCounty, at the western edge of OklahomaCity, the overall area has a stable or modestlydeclining population base. Data indicates thatTribal activity in the nine-county area has anestimated annual economic impact of $174 milliondollars, <strong>and</strong> includes over 1,800 jobs, about half ofwhich result from Tribal casino activity.At a regional level, the population during the2000-2009 period grew at an annual rate of0.85%, from 991,432 to 1,080,603. During thissame period the median household income for theregion increased from $35,035 to $46,214, a rateof 3.1%. The average household size in the regiondecreased from 2.45 down to 2.43 for an annualgrowth rate of -0.1%.In each of the community asset areas, thepopulation growth has been similar to that ofthe region. Watonga has seen the highest rate ofgrowth with 1.6% while some, such as Seiling <strong>and</strong>Canton, have seen a decrease annually of -0.4%.The Tribal median household incomes have allincreased at a slightly lower rate than the regionwith the range being from 2.1% in Canton to2.7% in Elk City, Clinton <strong>and</strong> El Reno. The realvalue of the median household income in 2009was highest in El Reno, which was $42,867, <strong>and</strong>lowest was Canton at $31,950. All of the sitestudy areas saw a decrease in average householdsize which mirrored the regional rate, rangingfrom -0.1-0.3%.The community asset area sites for this study arelocated geographically west of Oklahoma Cityin several counties. They are found near smalltowns of varying size <strong>and</strong> demographic makeup.For a closer examination of each site, a 10-mileradius study area was drawn to determine thelocal population. For most sites these study areasdo not overlap, but in the case of the Concho<strong>and</strong> El Reno sites there is significant overlap.As such, these sites should not be combined in acumulative fashion. Rather, a 75-mile regionalstudy area has been defined to examine theCommunity Asset Area Comparisons – 10 -Mile Market RadiusCanton Seiling Watonga Concho El Reno Geary Colony Clinton Elk CityRedMoon2009Population 2,267 2,291 7,100 20,597 22,003 5,992 2,286 11,337 14,792 1,145PopulationGrowth(2000-2009) -0.4% -0.4% 1.6% 0.4% 0.6% 0.5% 0.2% -0.2% 0.9% -0.3%2009Households 969 948 1,840 7,537 8,020 2,056 863 4,404 5,926 4452009 Med.HouseholdIncome $31,950 $34,603 $34,847 $40,675 $42,867 $37,074 $35,751 $35,746 $37,337 $37,2502009 OwnerOccupied % 82% 80% 73% 68% 69% 79% 73% 67% 69% 78%Source: ESRI Business Analyst, AECOM98 <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
GearyMarket Service AreasTotal Population by Block Groupbroader regional trends. A point to note with thisbroader study area is that the western portion ofthe Oklahoma City Metropolitan Statistical Area(MSA) is captured.The individual sites follow roughly the I-40corridor west of Oklahoma City, as is the casewith seven of the sites, or the Route 281 highwayheading northwest. Concho, El Reno <strong>and</strong> Gearyare in proximity to Oklahoma City on the I-40corridor <strong>and</strong> have some degree of overlap betweentheir community asset areas. Colony lies south ofthe I-40 corridor partway between The Elk City/Clinton/Hammon cluster of community assetareas. Watonga, Canton <strong>and</strong> Seiling lie along thestate <strong>and</strong> federal routes heading northwest.The population as previously mentioned isconcentrated heavily in the eastern portion of thestudy area surrounding Oklahoma City. However,along I-40 surrounding the Elk City area, thereis also a significant concentration of population.The cities of Lawton to the south <strong>and</strong> Enid to thenorth east are population concentrations that aresome distance from any of the community assetareas.<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation99
Market Trends / CommunityAsset Area Sites EvaluationConsidering the identified general economicmarket trends <strong>and</strong> their probable market implications,an overview assessment of the ten communityasset areas <strong>and</strong> the initial proposed developmentconcepts were evaluated to maximize Tribaldevelopment opportunities <strong>and</strong> their economicbenefits. The real estate market considerationsare incorporated into the implementation measuresfound in the <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>.The following assessment overviews thecommunity asset area sites <strong>and</strong> the initiallyidentified potential development concepts froma real estate market <strong>and</strong> project feasibilityperspective. Information provided regardingTribal member development objectives revealseveral common themes including job creation;Tribal heritage; <strong>and</strong> addressing Tribal members’health, substance abuse, <strong>and</strong> other problems.The employment priorities can generally beincorporated when reviewing alternative marketopportunities at the community asset area sites.The Tribal functions <strong>and</strong> personal issues (i.e.substance abuse, alcoholism, teenager problems,etc.) will be primarily Tribal decisions based onresources <strong>and</strong> leadership agreement.Immediate-Term (next 1-3 years)Tribal Cultural Center, Truck Stop & Gas Station <strong>and</strong> infrastructureConchoupgrades; Create Tribal Construction CompanyCantonHousing Master <strong>Plan</strong>Highway/ Roadway-related retail <strong>and</strong> service development, including TruckElk CityStop & Gas StationShort-Term (3-5 years)All Applicable Sites Hotel Expansion/Feasibility StudiesConchoHousing Master <strong>Plan</strong>ConchoTribal Farm & Ranch Business <strong>Plan</strong>Mid-Term (5-10 years)El RenoInfrastructure Improvements; Business <strong>Plan</strong> for Tribal Event CenterFuture site development for Tribal Arts & Crafts Store, restaurant <strong>and</strong>GearygreenhouseBuffalo Meat/By-Products Facility; Feasibility Study for metal building salesConcho<strong>and</strong> distributionClintonFeasibility Study for Light Manufacturing100<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Several program concepts have been identified byTribal planners:• Tribal heritage <strong>and</strong> cultural center – servesTribal members <strong>and</strong> location should reflectappropriate site environments, Tribalpopulation concentrations <strong>and</strong> other Tribalconsiderations.• Tribal center to serve tourists <strong>and</strong> visitors– commercial attraction visible from or nearRoute 40.• Possible combination of Tribal <strong>and</strong> visitorprograms possibly near Concho Casino <strong>and</strong>Tribal offices (i.e. an area familiar to all Tribalmembers as well as a visitor draw).As the planning process continues, there willbe opportunities to define priority projectsfrom a market perspective in terms of scale,coordinated functions, operation, etc. Data canalso be assembled for potential developmentsites adjacent to identified trust l<strong>and</strong> in selectedpriority development areas.Considering modest economic growth rates in theregion, development of the community asset areasmust be focused. Some sites are well-positionedfor development in the near term, while otherswill take several years for market conditions <strong>and</strong>infrastructure investments to “catch up” so thatthe sites can be successfully developed. Based onour analysis, the three tiers for community assetarea development are as outlined in the precedingtable.1. Canton LakeCanton Lake is a premier regional recreationalamenity <strong>and</strong> adjacent to several key areas thatthe <strong>Tribes</strong> already own. Road access via Route270 <strong>and</strong> proximity to the Oklahoma City marketare both positive market assets. Potential Tribalproperty opportunities that have been identifiedinclude a mixed-use casino/lodge concept, marina,<strong>and</strong> various beach <strong>and</strong> lake amenities. Currentdevelopment activity in the area is modest, asis the existing casino facility. The initial marketconclusion is that Canton Lake <strong>and</strong> the potentialmarket opportunities offered by the OklahomaCity area provide a variety of opportunities fora long-term, phased, multi-use recreationaldevelopment project. The key attraction couldbe a larger-scale, high-end casino with relatedlodging <strong>and</strong> entertainment activity potentiallylocated on the Lake. This strategy should be aphased program over a period of years limitingrisk <strong>and</strong> necessary infrastructure investment.As with similar gaming programs, this creates adestination attraction targeted to current priorityprogram participants as well as targeted marketsin more distant locations (such as Texas).Additional development concepts <strong>and</strong> theirprobable market considerations may include:• Casino, Lodging <strong>and</strong> Entertainment – Themarket opportunity for a casino/resort projectmaximizing lake access, pristine cove <strong>and</strong>appropriate lodging activity is a potentialTribal opportunity. In order for the highendlodge <strong>and</strong> casino to be economicallysuccessful, social <strong>and</strong> business conferenceevent space including banquet facilities maybe a necessary element to the operation. Useof the facility for thematic events year-roundwill help to bridge the gap between strongsummer /shoulder seasons <strong>and</strong> the slowerwinter market.• Marina – A marina project was recentlyconsidered but did not proceed for a varietyof reasons, including some reported shorelineerosion problems. Recent national markettrends are not positive for boating, especiallyin areas undergoing economic downturns.An option could be to preserve an appropriatesite for a potential marina <strong>and</strong> phase it inonce the lodging <strong>and</strong> casino are in place.<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation101
102Canton Lake• Cabins <strong>and</strong> Campgrounds – Several existingrecreational areas are currently in place,including several state parks. Indications arethat there has been a downturn in camping<strong>and</strong> fishing, which is not uncommon in today’ssimilar recreational areas. Small deluxecabins are a new market in the area <strong>and</strong> couldbe linked to the lodge <strong>and</strong> marina to assurea level of use that would assure financialfeasibility.• Housing - Over the long-term, proximity to thelake <strong>and</strong> potential expansion of entertainmentactivity create opportunities for futureresidential neighborhoods. The market basisfor housing is from growth within the <strong>Tribes</strong><strong>and</strong> retirement housing for those seekingamenities such as a lake, marina, golf course,casino <strong>and</strong> restaurants.Development of a mixed use project on attractiveCanton Lake is an obvious Tribal opportunity.However, drawing people to this location willrequire a significant financial commitment, <strong>and</strong>will need to be carefully phased <strong>and</strong> consist ofwell-integrated development components.<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>Site Market Opportunities• Numerous amenities associated with CantonLake• Road access• Proximity to Oklahoma City <strong>and</strong> other urbanregional markets• Dem<strong>and</strong> for retirement homes• Proposed activity can be phased over timeSite Market Constraints• Significant investment will be needed tocreate a new quality destination project• Substantial future upgrades to the CantonPublic Works Authority sanitary sewersystem will add potentially significant cost tofuture development• Housing will need available support amenities• Competition from other Canton Lake <strong>and</strong>state park attractionsThe US Army Corps of Engineers is presentlyconstructing a $149 million auxiliary spillway<strong>and</strong> channel project at Canton Dam. Thisauxiliary spillway <strong>and</strong> accompanying channel areneeded to h<strong>and</strong>le maximum probable floodwaters.The next project phase will include constructionof a highway bridge crossing the auxiliaryspillway. The entire improvement project isprojected for completion in September 2015. Thespillway improvement project will reduce thepossibility of flooding on Tribally-owned l<strong>and</strong>s.
2. ClintonAlthough the Clinton community asset area isclose to Interstate 40, the current interchangeonly has a westbound exit ramp <strong>and</strong> eastboundentrance ramp. The area’s focus on medicalactivity, including the vacant former hospitalspace, has generated a potential developmentfocus on:• Casino <strong>and</strong> Entertainment - There has beendiscussion of casino expansion <strong>and</strong> a relatedhotel concept.• Medical Activity - From a market perspective,there should be continued focus on Tribalmedical needs, the creation of a medicalcluster, <strong>and</strong> extended service for the existingelderly population. Serving the populationto the east is no problem; however, trafficfrom the west has no access at the currentinterchange. How this limited access willimpact new uses such as medical or potentialcasino expansion is a potential issue. Adetailed review of Tribal medical activity<strong>and</strong> needs should be conducted to determinealternative program solutions <strong>and</strong> facilities tofill niche medical markets.• Housing - Tribal housing appears to be alogical l<strong>and</strong> use, especially if some of thesupport amenities (i.e. restaurants, retail,3. ColonyThe Colony Reserve is an outdoor environmentapproximately 15 miles south of Interstate 40 (I-40) adjacent to the small Town of Colony. Colonyis home to the historic Segar Indian TrainingSchool buildings <strong>and</strong> a cemetery. A portion of theformer school l<strong>and</strong> is used for Tribal Pow-wowactivities, including the annual <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong><strong>Arapaho</strong> Labor Day Pow-wow <strong>and</strong> other culturalevents. The balance of l<strong>and</strong> within the ColonyReserve, totaling over 2,445 acres, is held inpasture or cropl<strong>and</strong>s.Tribal facility development should focus onbuilding a place that fosters connections betweenthe natural setting <strong>and</strong> the <strong>Tribes</strong>’ culturalhistory that is evident in Colony. A primecommercial opportunity exists with creation ofservices, etc.) that would serve medical <strong>and</strong>casino visitors are implemented. Seniorhousing in proximity to medical services isalso a possible opportunity.• Hotel - A hotel with linkage to the casino<strong>and</strong> medical visitors would provide anotheramenity, although this concept would bechallenging given the current interchangelimitations.Site Market Opportunities• Excellent access from east• Build-off current medical activity• Medical services are a growth business• Medical activity generates nearby potentialhousing activity, especially for elderly orassisted living programs.• Supportable market conditions <strong>and</strong> housingfor retail.Site Market Constraints• Activity primarily linked to highway trafficwill currently be limited. It should be notedthat the Tribal program has a workingrelationship with ODOT. Medical programactivity <strong>and</strong> casino expansion be directlylinked to improved highway access.a guest ranch. The term “guest ranch” generallyrefers to ranches that offer one or more horsebackriding experience, which can include cattle drives,working with livestock, <strong>and</strong>/ or trail riding.Facilities are either working ranches or moreformal ranch “resorts”, which offer the experienceof ranch living with modern amenities <strong>and</strong> morediverse offerings. Accommodations tend to berustic in nature, particularly if the location is a“working ranch” rather than a resort.For working ranches, the terrain (ridingenvironment) influences the experience; i.e.meadow or prairie.In general, these facilities are not large,offering capacity for up to 30 guests in notedcases. Examples of similar facilities within the<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation103
<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Service area are locatednear Sayre, Oklahoma <strong>and</strong> include:• Flying W Guest Ranch - The facility offersabout 2,000 acres with trail <strong>and</strong> wagon rides,several forms of accommodation (RV sites <strong>and</strong>cabins) <strong>and</strong> a restaurant. General focus is onthe Great Plains l<strong>and</strong>scape with cattle <strong>and</strong>buffalo present.• Red River Ranch Retreat - This is a 700-acre“working ranch” with cattle <strong>and</strong> horses, ratherthan solely a resort. The facility is equinefocused.A complementary use to a working ranch wouldbe a Tribal equestrian facility with a direct tieto the Southwestern Oklahoma State UniversityPre-Veterinary Medicine Program, the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Tribal College <strong>and</strong> the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Farm <strong>and</strong> Ranch Program. Thefacility would provide the <strong>Tribes</strong>’ youth anopportunity to learn more about the care of horses<strong>and</strong> riding, <strong>and</strong> experience traditional horseh<strong>and</strong>ling techniques.Federal grants may be available through the SaveAmerica’s Treasures grant program to restoreexisting historic buildings <strong>and</strong> grounds thatcontribute to the character of the area. Similarly,the development of a comprehensive preservationplan for the Colony School site could be eligiblefrom the Historic Preservation Fund.Proposed equestrian activity was also identifiedas a source of jobs. Although there has been ageneral nationally decline in equestrian markets,Oklahoma ranks fourth nationally in total equinenumbers <strong>and</strong> first in per capita. According to theBureau of Labor Statistics, veterinary serviceswill be one of the fastest growing employmentmarkets in the future.Site Market Opportunities• Suitable location for exp<strong>and</strong>ed Tribal heritageactivity• Reasonably easy to access for potentialvisitors to Tribal programs• Capitalize on the historic Seger Colony school• Compatible with guest ranch conceptSite Market Constraints• None for identified functions• Wind farm development would be costly dueto extensive transmission line constructionnecessary to connect the project to the powergrid104Near historic Seger School <strong>and</strong> Powwow grounds, Colony<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
4. ConchoThe Concho Reserve is the home of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Tribal government, the site of themajor, soon-to-be-exp<strong>and</strong>ed Lucky Star Casino,<strong>and</strong> the home of the buffalo herd. Concho willremain the Tribal governmental, business<strong>and</strong> service center as well as one of the <strong>Tribes</strong>major casino locations. The primary marketopportunities for the area are based on fourfactors; proximity to Oklahoma City; proximityto El Reno; status as the center for the <strong>Cheyenne</strong><strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> government, <strong>and</strong> the location forone of the <strong>Tribes</strong>’ larger casinos. Developmentconcepts identified include:• Retail development by gateway area inproximity to the smoke shop• Gas station (presently in the design phase)• Independent living facility• Casino expansion <strong>and</strong> hotel / resort• Future housing development• Interpretive center <strong>and</strong> local crafts center• Exp<strong>and</strong>ed buffalo herd <strong>and</strong> tours• Youth camps• New governmental buildings• Justice centerFrom a market perspective, exp<strong>and</strong>ing the casinoprogram <strong>and</strong> casino-related amenities such asa hotel <strong>and</strong> concert facilities will result in thelargest impact to economic development. Smaller,regional gaming facilities, like the Lucky Star,have increased their regional draw by creating“entertainment clusters”, where a hotel <strong>and</strong>conference center is joined with gaming. A newgas station or related commercial near the smokeshop could be developed as visitation increases.Other opportunities will not generate as manyjobs, but will result in visitors staying longerin the area. Expansion of the buffalo herd <strong>and</strong>associated l<strong>and</strong>s may become a regional <strong>and</strong>national destination if done properly, creatingone of the largest Native American herds inOklahoma. Visitors could tour the herd, stay atthe hotel <strong>and</strong> visit the casino <strong>and</strong> interpretivecenter.An Interpretive Center at Concho would havevisitation drawing power if well-designed <strong>and</strong>integrated into the mix of entertainment <strong>and</strong>lodging uses. The proposed Interpretive Center’scapital cost would not be supported solely bythe private market. Federal assistance wouldbe necessary to construct a facility that wouldrepresent the culture of the <strong>Tribes</strong>. Operationsshould focus more on facility tours <strong>and</strong> retailsales from the associated local crafts center thanthrough a static “museum type” display.Considering the size of the resident populationin <strong>and</strong> near the Concho Reserve, a smallconvenience-scale grocery store would be viablein the near-term, with market support for a smallgrocery of up to 15,000 square feet in size as theresident <strong>and</strong> visitor population increases over thenext several years.The size of the grocery store is based on dem<strong>and</strong>within the trade area, which is largely a functionof the number of residents within realistic drivingdistances. In a densely populated urban market,grocery trade areas can be as small as a threemile radius; in more rural areas, market sizelogically increases. Within the past five years,the market has dictated that newly constructedgrocery stores either tend to be very large (above55,000 square feet) or smaller (10,000 to 15,000square feet).Grocery (food <strong>and</strong> beverage) stores typically fallinto several specific formats:• Larger format stores operated by nationalchains, typically larger than 60,000 squarefeet in size. These stores focus on high volume<strong>and</strong> low prices.• Traditional grocery stores, generally from30,000 to 50,000 square feet. Stores inthis size range have been challenged bycompetition with larger formats such as Wal-Mart <strong>and</strong> Target.• Smaller grocery stores range from smallconvenience stores to chains such Trader Joes,which can be up to 15,000 square feet in size.Smaller convenience stores stock fewer items,offset by higher prices, with fewer fresh items(produce).<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation105
The following table summarizes generalizedfactors for the number of households that wouldbe needed to sustain grocery stores of differentsizes, assuming no competition, sustainable storesales of $500 per square foot, <strong>and</strong> average yearlyspending of $7,200 on grocery <strong>and</strong> personal careproducts. The chart shows that while over 3,800households are needed to sustain one largerformat grocery store, only about 300 are needed tosupport a 5,000-square foot convenience-orientedgrocery store.Store Size(square feet)NecessaryStore Sales55,000 $27,500,000 3,80035,000 $17,500,000 2,40015,000 $7,500,000 1,0005,000 $2,500,000 3002,5000 $1,250,000 200SupportableNumber ofHouseholdsSite Market Opportunities• Creation of a nationally-renown buffalo herd• Well-known site for Tribal members <strong>and</strong>casino visitors• Short-term development will provide asufficient number of households to support aconvenience-scale grocery, with the market fora small grocery store in the future• Good local road access• Casino support amenities can be added,making it an entertainment destination• Tribal activity opportunities (e.g. culturalcenter, events, services)• Employment <strong>and</strong> Tribal activity mayencourage housing development• Proximity to Oklahoma City <strong>and</strong> El RenoSite Market Constraints• Somewhat removed from highway access(limited visibility to draw first time visitors)• Currently limited non-casino activity forpotential hotel visitors• Tribal activity center <strong>and</strong> casino are differentfunctions (limited market sharing)a. Infrastructure limitations in the area[water service extensions from CanadianCounty RWS (aka Green Valley) wouldrequire annexation to water district]b. Water service from City of El Reno costprohibitivec. Substantial development will requireconstruction of a packaged watertreatment plant sized to accommodateultimate buildout of the Concho Reserve106<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
5. Elk CityElk City is a well-located community asset areawith direct access <strong>and</strong> visibility to Interstate40. The only present activity is the BAR-Smeat packing facility <strong>and</strong> trucking lot. The sitereportedly has poor infrastructure, which iscurrently being improved.The primary market consideration is the newSuper Wal-Mart directly across Interstate 40. Inaddition to substantiating the market desirabilityof this location, the Wal-Mart facility is a majorcustomer draw on a year-round basis. While it isimportant to note that related development willlikely occur around the Wal-Mart attraction (i.e.service station, dining, etc.), the Tribal propertywill be in an excellent position to pursue newmarket opportunities including:• Hotel/Casino• Entertainment• Retail opportunities• Highway-related businesses in Travel Plaza -oriented more to the long-haul traveler, bothtrucks <strong>and</strong> automobiles (i.e. automotive, reststop, care of basic needs, etc.)• National or regional chain restaurants onPAD sitesThe proposed retail activity, including a grocery<strong>and</strong> restaurants, are supportable due to theamount of local housing <strong>and</strong> number of travelerson I-40. The location on a prime interchangewith great access makes this an immediateopportunity for the <strong>Tribes</strong>.Site Market Opportunities• Excellent highway access <strong>and</strong> visibility• Proximity to Wal-Mart project• Retail <strong>and</strong> restaurant uses oriented to thetraveling public• Opportunity site for a Tribal culturalcommercial business center (i.e. visitorsintroduced to <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>and</strong> provided withrelated retail amenities)Site Market Constraints• None identified6. El Reno (90 acres)The <strong>Tribes</strong> have recently purchased a 90-acreparcel fronting I-40, just southeast of the SouthCountry Club Road interchange. Given the site’sproximity to the Oklahoma City metropolitanarea, traffic volume is high, with over 25,000vehicles passing through this section of I-40 daily.A hotel becomes feasible on this El Reno area siteas growth continues from Oklahoma City to thewest. The El Reno hotel market is largely limitedservice in nature, with up to 8 hotels locatedproximate to the Country Club Road <strong>and</strong> I-40interchange.Br<strong>and</strong>s include:• Days Inn• Best Western• Baymont Inn• Motel 6The Best Western is the market leader, withaverage pricing of about $75 per room. Otherhotels are pricing in the $50 range per night.Super 8 <strong>and</strong> Budget are also in this market.Hotel pricing opportunities improve to the eastin Yukon along Garth Brooks Avenue, wheremainstream br<strong>and</strong>s such as Hampton Inn, LaQuinta Inn & Suites, <strong>and</strong> Holiday Inn Express &Suites have hotels; pricing for these properties ishigher in the $70 to $100 range per night.<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation107
There is a regional hospital near this interstateinterchange, which likely influences dem<strong>and</strong>.Securing a reputable national chain hotel to buildan “upscale budget” hotel on this site is the mostviable commercial option at this time.Site Market Opportunities• Excellent site visibility from the InterstateHighway• Access is relatively good, with an accessapproximately ¼ mile from the interchange• Proximity to the Oklahoma City regionalmarket• Suitable for highway-related businesses(motel, automotive-related)• Potential retail development siteSite Market Constraints• Competition from existing restaurant <strong>and</strong>motel chains• Visibility is excellent from the Interstate,but more than half of the frontage along theabutting street, S. Country Club Road, hasalready been developed which restricts accessto a certain degree.7. Hammon (Red Moon)Hammon is somewhat isolated site in termsof access <strong>and</strong> activity, but was selected due toreports of major unused Tribal property. Severalpotential development concepts were identifiedincluding single-family housing, Powwowgrounds, agricultural activity, <strong>and</strong> small-scaleretail on Highway 33. An additional considerationidentified was possible feedlots that could benefitfrom Tribal tax breaks.From a market perspective, the site is in a veryrural area with limited road traffic <strong>and</strong> has thelowest population within a ten mile radius of anycommunity asset area site under consideration soit has little value as a commercial site.A large casino is not well- suited to the site,particularly in light of its proximity to Elk Citysite <strong>and</strong> the lack of nearby population or ease ofaccess to major population centers. The Elk Citywill intercept competition —i.e., the better located<strong>and</strong> more proximal sites will experience customerdem<strong>and</strong> first.Site Market Opportunities• Tribal activity• Agriculture - explore potential tax advantagesSite Market Constraints• Site removed from marketing activity,population centers <strong>and</strong> the Interstate 40corridor108Existing wind farm near Hammon<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
8. GearyThe Geary Community Asset Area is located offInterstate 40, west of El Reno <strong>and</strong> ¼ mile southof Geary at the Hwy 281 interchange. Trafficvolumes begin dropping off along this sectionof I-40 from the Oklahoma City area, with totaldaily traffic at approximately 23,000 vehicles.Unlike the El Reno <strong>and</strong> Elk City sites along I-40,traffic counts are not expected to increase due to alack of traffic generation, i.e., major employment,major retail uses or housing.This Tribally-owned site is relatively small atapproximately 6.8 acres in size, <strong>and</strong> houses apre-fabricated metal building. The developmentconcept discussed to date for this site includesa Tribal arts <strong>and</strong> crafts outlet. This site couldsupport retail sales, such as an arts <strong>and</strong> craftsoutlet; however, the store size would be relativelysmall given the location, since larger retailstores type generally rely on significantly higherpopulation densities for support or a locationdirectly fronting a high-visibility highway withhigher traffic counts. Market potential at thisinterchange suggests that the site would not meetlarger-scale retail needs in the foreseeable future.An alternative to the greenhouse concept wouldbe to target businesses with storage needsthat can be accommodated within the existingbuilding, e.g., construction staging, l<strong>and</strong>scapecontracting, or oil <strong>and</strong> gas drilling equipmentoperations. Retrofitting the existing buildingwould likely enable low-cost entry into themarket, while providing more immediate revenueto the <strong>Tribes</strong>.Site Market Opportunities• Access has potential if improved• Proximity to Oklahoma City regional market• Utilities are availableSite Market Constraints• Limited site development area• Existing building has potential to beadaptively reused for other purposesA viable use of the property would be to converta portion of the building into a small arts <strong>and</strong>crafts outlet, along with supportive uses for thebalance of the building, such as a greenhouse <strong>and</strong>accompanying small restaurant. Growing produceon the site in conjunction with the Tribal Farm<strong>and</strong> Ranch program would allow high value fruit<strong>and</strong> vegetable crops to be produced without therisks caused by the extreme Oklahoma weatherconditions. Production will allow distribution ofnutritious whole foods to Tribal members at areasonable cost <strong>and</strong> will also support the Tribalfood canning programs. The restaurant couldspecialize in traditional <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>foods created with fresh ingredients produced inthe greenhouse.<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation109
9. SeilingThe Seiling community asset area is locatedalong Highway 281 <strong>and</strong> is proposed primarily forindustrial / manufacturing activity, with possibleconsideration of a storage space facility. ODOTdata suggests that a high volume of trucks comethrough the area, with a total of 5,200 vehiclesper day (mix of cars/trucks) at the intersection ofHighways 281 <strong>and</strong> 183 (281/183).Site Market Opportunities• The intersection of 281/183, along withCounty Roads 3 <strong>and</strong> 51 at Seiling, providesa trucking hub for the area. These roadsfunction as convenient truck routes towardAmarillo to the west, Tulsa to the east, <strong>and</strong>the I-40 corridor to the south.• Manufacturing uses may hold a locationaladvantage given existing truck routesSite Market Constraints• No trust l<strong>and</strong>s at site• Removed from the Oklahoma City regionalmarket <strong>and</strong> I-40 corridor.10. Watonga (Franklin Reserve)The Watonga site is the location of the FeatherWarrior Casino, Indian Health Center <strong>and</strong> afood distribution facility. The site has relativelygood road access <strong>and</strong> includes an existinggrain-hauling railroad route (AT&L Railroad).Proposed additional potential activities includean industrial / manufacturing area (such as apossible call center concept), exp<strong>and</strong>ed Tribalservices functions, senior housing developmentlinked to the health center <strong>and</strong> possible casinorelated activity.From a locational perspective, the Watongacommunity asset area is well-suited for theproposed functions. The casino <strong>and</strong> proposedindustrial / manufacturing functions link wellto the areas road access <strong>and</strong> proximity to theOklahoma City regional markets. The healthcenter <strong>and</strong> food distribution activity can servesimilar Tribal markets <strong>and</strong> senior housingdevelopment would also link to existing activity.The call center proposal appears well-suited toTribal employment needs <strong>and</strong> probable skills.Site Market Opportunities• Access is good, improved by ODOT at Tribalrequest• Activity related to casino or health services• Proximity to Oklahoma City regional marketSite Market Constraints• Utilities are City-owned• Possible soil (s<strong>and</strong>) issues identified110<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Tribal PrioritiesAs outlined, market opportunities varyconsiderably. Implementing proposeddevelopment projects, especially for Tribalactivities <strong>and</strong> needs, will be directly linked toavailable financial development <strong>and</strong> operationalresources. As reviewed with project planners,Tribal leadership will determine which facilitiesto pursue. AECOM’s experience is that access <strong>and</strong>infrastructure physical considerations, as wellas proximity to Tribal population concentration,should be considered. From an economic<strong>and</strong> market perspective, the prime Tribaldevelopment considerations should include:• Protection <strong>and</strong> strengthening of the importantemployment <strong>and</strong> income generating Tribalgaming program;• Maximization <strong>and</strong> prioritization of siteswith the best access to the I-40 corridor <strong>and</strong>Oklahoma regional market; <strong>and</strong>• Determination of the most efficient methodsto meet identified Tribal needs with primefocus on employment, health, education <strong>and</strong>heritage.As indicated in the summary information, thesites under consideration have a range of nearterm<strong>and</strong> longer-tem opportunities. The sites,however, have varying strengths <strong>and</strong> weaknesses<strong>and</strong> the types of possible developments mayrequire many different real estate approaches -developer partnerships, Tribal led, public privatepartnerships, etc. In general we find that four ofthe sites have potential for medical, gaming, <strong>and</strong>highway / roadway leveraged development, withthe remaining sites having longer-term potentialacross a variety of uses <strong>and</strong> functions. Key issuesfor consideration include how the developmentgrowth pattern of Oklahoma City may impact thesites over time, particularly the extent to whichaccessibility makes business <strong>and</strong> developmentmore viable on specific sites.PhasingConsidering limited Tribal resources <strong>and</strong>generally slow population <strong>and</strong> economic growthof the region, community asset area developmentshould be prioritized. Some are well-positionedfor development in the near-term, while otherswill take several years for market conditions<strong>and</strong> infrastructure investments to “catch up”so that the sites can be successfully developed.Based on this analysis, the four timing tiersfor development <strong>and</strong> over 70 actions have beendeveloped.The <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Plan</strong> has along planning horizon, identifying measures thatwill take up to 50 years to accomplish. Within thisoverall timeframe, measures were categorizedinto four incremental planning periods:• Immediate: 1-3 years• Short-term: 3-5 years• Mid-term: 5-10 years• Long-term: 10+ yearsThese implementation actions are not regulatory,but are intended to provide direction to the<strong>Tribes</strong>’ leaders <strong>and</strong> Tribal departments, publicagencies <strong>and</strong> other entities as they developwork plans, so that staff <strong>and</strong> resources can beappropriately assigned over time. Implementationof the <strong>Plan</strong> will require coordination <strong>and</strong>alignment between this <strong>and</strong> other adoptedplans <strong>and</strong> strategies to ensure a commonvision <strong>and</strong> consistent policy recommendations.Implementation actions our described in thefollowing implementation tables.<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation111
Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 6Year 7Year 8Year 9Year 10Year 11Year 12Year 13Year 14Year 15Year 16Year 17Year 18Year 19Year 20Year 21Year 21Year 23Year 24Year 25Immediate Actions:Project ActionKey Action StepsConcho Tribal Cultural Center, Truckstop <strong>and</strong>Gas Station <strong>and</strong> Infrastructure UpgradesAdopt Buffer St<strong>and</strong>ards for Riparian/Wetl<strong>and</strong>/Habitat AreasCreate recycling drop-off areas on Reserves<strong>and</strong> enter into recycling agreements with wastemanagement districtsChisholm Trail Development <strong>and</strong> InterpretiveFacilitiesConcho Buffalo Interpretive Trail <strong>and</strong>Interpretive FacilitiesConcho Tribal Construction CompanyCanton Housing Master <strong>Plan</strong>Create Zoning DistrictsFeasibility Study Federal Assistance,Development of Matching FundsCreate habitat buffer st<strong>and</strong>ardsPrepare Cost Assessment for Recycling dropofffacilitiesGrants, State Historic Preservation Office;Design <strong>and</strong> constructionGrants, State Historic Preservation Office;Design <strong>and</strong> constructionDevelop 8A Tribal business to offer Tribalconstruction servicesTribal housing master plans, preliminaryengineering reports; environmentalassessments; architectural design; constructionof a variety of housing typesFinalize Mapping based on Future L<strong>and</strong> UseMap; Create zoning regulations112<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Year 26Year 27Year 28Year 29Year 30Year 31Year 32Year 33Year 34Year 35Year 36Year 37Year 38Year 39Year 40Year 41Year 42Year 43Year 44Year 45Year 46Year 47Year 48Year 49Year 501-3 YearsPartnershipsIndian Health Services, Department of the Interior - Indian Arts <strong>and</strong> Crafts BoardOklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, Oklahoma Cooperative ExtensionServiceCity, County, <strong>and</strong> District waste management providersOklahoma Historical SocietyLegislativeAction•••Oklahoma Historical SocietyCities, Towns <strong>and</strong> Counties•<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation113
Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 6Year 7Year 8Year 9Year 10Year 11Year 12Year 13Year 14Year 15Year 5Year 16Year 17Year 18Year 19Year 20Year 21Year 21Year 23Year 24Year 25Actions for theProject ActionKey Action StepsConcho Tribal Housing Master <strong>Plan</strong>Concho, Canton, Clinton, El Reno, Colony HotelExpansion/ Feasibility StudyConcho Tribal Farm <strong>and</strong> Ranch BusinessFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyBusiness <strong>Plan</strong>Concho Buffalo Herd Expansion Acquire Adjacent L<strong>and</strong>, New Stock, IncreaseStaff, Acquire Equipment, DevelopmentMarketing Program, Begin ToursColony L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionFeasibility StudyElk City Truck Stop <strong>and</strong> Gas StationFeasibility Study114<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Year 26Year 27Year 28Year 29Year 30Year 31Year 32Year 33Year 34Year 35Year 36Year 37Year 38Year 39Year 40Year 41Year 42Year 43Year 44Year 45Year 46Year 47Year 48Year 49Year 50Short-Term: 3-5 YearsPartnershipsIndian Health Services, BIA HousingBIA Branch of Fish, Wildlife <strong>and</strong> Recreation<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation115
Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 6Year 7Year 8Year 9Year 10Year 11Year 12Year 13Year 14Year 15Year 5Year 16Year 17Year 18Year 19Year 20Year 21Year 21Year 23Year 24Year 25Actions for theProject ActionKey Action StepsTribal Energy Board/AuthorityTribal Water Board/AuthorityConcho Water Quality ResearchEl Reno Property DevelopmentGeary Art <strong>and</strong> Craft Market, Restaurant,GreenhouseConcho Metal Building BusinessClinton Light Manufacturing BusinessConcho Buffalo Meat/By-products BusinessAgricultural Production - multiple sitesEl Reno Tribal Event CenterCanton Marina <strong>and</strong> Camping FacilitiesDevelopment of BoardDevelopment <strong>and</strong> ResearchResearchFeasibility <strong>and</strong> Marketing StudyBusiness <strong>Plan</strong>Business Development <strong>Plan</strong>Feasibility/Marketing StudyBusiness DevelopmentBusiness DevelopmentFeasibility <strong>and</strong> Business <strong>Plan</strong>Final Design <strong>and</strong> Construction116<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
Year 26Year 27Year 28Year 29Year 30Year 31Year 32Year 33Year 34Year 35Year 36Year 37Year 38Year 39Year 40Year 41Year 42Year 43Year 44Year 45Year 46Year 47Year 48Year 49Year 50Mid-Term: 5-10 YearsPartnershipsOklahoma Water Resources BoardU.S. Army Corps of Engineers<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation117
MeasureYear 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5Year 6Year 7Year 8Year 9Year 10Year 11Year 12Year 13Year 14Year 15Year 16Year 17Year 18Year 19Year 20Year 21Year 21Year 23Year 24Year 25Actions for the Long-Term:Key Action StepsCanton Nursing & Residential Care FacilitiesClinton L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionConcho L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionEl Reno L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionElk City L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionHammon L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionSeiling L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionWatonga L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionWind Energy DevelopmentConcho PV Solar DevelopmentOil & Gas ProductionHammon (Red Moon) Tobacco Production <strong>and</strong>SalesClinton Smoke ShopsClinton Medical FacilitiesClinton Nursing & Residential Care FacilitiesConcho Nursing & Residential Care FacilitiesConcho Exp<strong>and</strong>ed Public AdministrationExp<strong>and</strong>ed Gaming/ Restaurant/EntertainmentFood Services/Kitchen/CateringConcho Grocery StoreHammon Small Grocery StoreFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyWind Studies, Site Selection, EnvironmentalClearances, Power Purchase AgreementsSite Selection, Environmental Clearances,Power Purchase AgreementsFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility Study118<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
10+ YearsPartnershipsYear 29Year 30Year 31Year 32Year 33Year 34Year 35Year 36Year 37Year 38Year 39Year 40Year 26Year 27Year 28Year 41Year 42Year 43Year 44Year 45Year 46Year 47Year 48Year 49Year 50Indian Health ServicesNational Indian Energy Group, BIA Office of Indian Energy, utility companiesNational Indian Energy Group, BIA Office of Indian Energy, utility companiesBIA Division of Energy <strong>and</strong> Mineral DevelopmentNational Center for American Indian EnterpriseIndian Health ServicesIndian Health ServicesIndian Health ServicesBIA HousingNational Center for American Indian EnterpriseNational Center for American Indian EnterpriseNational Center for American Indian Enterprise<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation119
Actions for the Long-Term:MeasureKey Action StepsCanton Marina <strong>and</strong> Associated ServicesColony Equestrian Development & ActivitiesColony Hunting <strong>and</strong> Fishing Guide ServicesCanton Tribal HousingClinton Tribal HousingSeiling Call CenterCanton Rehabilitation FacilityConcho Educational CampusConcho Youth CampConcho Commercial kitchen.Canton Exp<strong>and</strong>ed Gaming/ Restaurant/EntertainmentClinton Exp<strong>and</strong>ed Gaming/ Restaurant/EntertainmentConcho Exp<strong>and</strong>ed Gaming/ Restaurant/EntertainmentHammon Gaming/ Restaurant/EntertainmentElk City Radio & Television StationSeiling Radio & Television StationClinton Light ManufacturingEl Reno Light ManufacturingWatonga Light ManufacturingElk City DistributionSeiling DistributionHouse ConstructionCanton L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionWeatherford L<strong>and</strong> AcquisitionCanton Community ServicesClinton Community ServicesConcho Community ServicesWatonga Medical FacilitiesSeiling Light ManufacturingConcho Water BottlingEl Reno Water BottlingTribal Constitution Reform ProjectFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyFeasibility StudyAction <strong>Plan</strong>120<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
10+ Years (continued)PartnershipsBIA Fish, Wildlife <strong>and</strong> Recreation ProgramBIA Fish, Wildlife <strong>and</strong> Recreation ProgramBIA Fish, Wildlife <strong>and</strong> Recreation ProgramIndian Health Services, BIA HousingBIA HousingIndian Health Services, BIA Division of Tribal Government ServicesOffice of Indian EducationBIA Fish, Wildlife <strong>and</strong> Recreation ProgramIndian Health Service, National Center for American Indian EnterpriseNational Center for American Indian EnterpriseIndian Health Service, National Center for American Indian EnterpriseNational Center for American Indian EnterpriseBIA Division of Tribal Government ServicesIndian Heath ServicesIndian Health Services, <strong>Tribes</strong>Indian Health Services, <strong>Tribes</strong>Indian Health Services, <strong>Tribes</strong>Indian Health Services, <strong>Tribes</strong>Indian Health Services, <strong>Tribes</strong>BIA Division of Tribal Government ServicesBIA Division of Tribal Government ServicesBIA Division of Tribal Government ServicesBIA HousingIndian Health Services, Oklahoma Water Resources BoardIndian Health Services, Oklahoma Water Resources BoardIndian Health Services, Oklahoma Water Resources Board<strong>Plan</strong> Implementation121
AppendixValues Polling ResultsAs part of the <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong><strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>ning process, AECOMEconomics evaluated economic <strong>and</strong> market trendsapplicable to l<strong>and</strong> under <strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong>Tribal jurisdiction. This chapter summarizes the<strong>Tribes</strong>’ ability to capture an increasing shareof the region’s economic growth, addresses thelocal needs of Tribal members, <strong>and</strong> providesinsight on the development of ten prospectivecommunity asset areas. The market assessmenttakes a long-term view, recognizing that many ofthe suggested investments will be implementedincrementally over the coming decades.Market conditions were evaluated within the<strong>Cheyenne</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Arapaho</strong> Service Area with respectto housing, employment (office <strong>and</strong> industrialuses), recreation <strong>and</strong> tourism, <strong>and</strong> supportingservices such as commercial retail <strong>and</strong> lodging,to underst<strong>and</strong> how recent trends <strong>and</strong> economicconditions affect development opportunities. Thisinformation was utilized in economic models thatevaluate overall development potentials for usesin the 10 community asset areas as well as othersites under Tribal control.Appendices123
what we learned: clinton100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Nature & Open SpaceTrail ServicesJobsRural LivingFarming & RanchingCulture & HeritageOil & Gas ResourcesTourism/GamingAll of the AboveLoss of Tribal CultureLack of Employment OpportunitiesHousingLevel of Educational OpportunitiesLack of AmenitiesSocial ServicesCrimeSubstance/Alcohol AbuseSolid Waste DisposalHealth Related IssuesPreservation of existing natural resourcesExpansion of the buffalo herdContinuation of cultural eventsPromotion of agricultural usesCreation of nodes of cultural influenceInclusion of cultural museumsLanguageSongFeatherworkTipi MakingClustered single unit residencesSingle unit residencesLarge lot residentialTown homesApartmentsMixed UseRetail areasPersonal ServicesParksTrailsHealth <strong>and</strong> Recreation CenterCultural CentersSchoolsGovernment ServicesWhichattribute doyou like mostabout yourcommunity?What is yourcommunity’sgreatest assets?What do you feel is yourcommunity’s biggestchallenge?What is the besttechnique to maintainculture <strong>and</strong> heritage?Where wouldyou like tolive?What amenity ismost needed inyour community?124<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
19%At each, people feel that the most needed amenities in Clinton includepersonal services, health <strong>and</strong> recreational centers, <strong>and</strong> cultural centers.100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%Community CenterRecreation CenterChurchTrailsPlaygrounds/ParksAthletic FieldsRestaurantsCasinosHighway oriented developmentDowntown neighborhood retail areasGrocery StoresTourist related developmentOffice <strong>and</strong> IndustrialMixed use areasLarge research/employment centersEnergy sector developmentBuild more casinosCreate a <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> Museum <strong>and</strong>Cultural CenterCreate new highway-oriented businessExp<strong>and</strong> the Buffalo herd, creating a tourist draw<strong>and</strong> source for meat <strong>and</strong> related productsDevelop alternative energy production, i.e. wind<strong>and</strong> solar farmsIncorporate manufacturing <strong>and</strong> industrialbusinessesLease hunting <strong>and</strong> fishing areasConcentration of tourist-related industriesshowcasing Tribal culturePromotion of organic farmingConvenience AreasSmall GroceryLarge Retail AreasOffice BuildingCommercial TourismFactory/IndustrialMulti-use trailsNew roads <strong>and</strong> road expansionTransitTraffic calming <strong>and</strong> safety improvementsAdditional connections to existing <strong>and</strong> futureneighborhoodsSingle Unit ResidentialMulti –Unit ResidentialRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial/ Manufacturing CommercialResort/ Parks/ Tourism IndustryTribal Governmental CenterCultural/ Heritage CenterEducational CenterJail/ Detention Center0%Where wouldyou like torecreate?What are the greatesteconomic needs?What economic strategy bestfits your community’s needs?Wherewouldyoulike toshop?Wherewouldyoulike towork?Whattransportationenhancementwould you likemost?What type ofdevelopment is mostneeded within yourDistrict?Appendices125
what we learned: seiling100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Nature & Open SpaceTrail ServicesJobsRural LivingFarming & RanchingCulture & HeritageOil & Gas ResourcesTourism/GamingAll of the AboveLoss of Tribal CultureLack of Employment OpportunitiesHousingLevel of Educational OpportunitiesLack of AmenitiesSocial ServicesCrimeSubstance/Alcohol AbuseSolid Waste DisposalHealth Related IssuesPreservation of existing natural resourcesExpansion of the buffalo herdContinuation of cultural eventsPromotion of agricultural usesCreation of nodes of cultural influenceInclusion of cultural museumsLanguageSongFeatherworkTipi MakingClustered single unit residencesSingle unit residencesLarge lot residentialTown homesApartmentsMixed UseRetail areasPersonal ServicesParksTrailsHealth <strong>and</strong> Recreation CenterCultural CentersSchoolsGovernment ServicesWhichattribute doyou like mostabout yourcommunity?What is yourcommunity’sgreatest assets?What do you feel is yourcommunity’s biggestchallenge?What is the besttechnique to maintainculture <strong>and</strong> heritage?Where wouldyou like tolive?What amenity ismost needed inyour community?126<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
69%of citizens polled in Seiling would prefer factory / industrial jobs overworking in an office building or in commercial tourism.100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%Community CenterRecreation CenterChurchTrailsPlaygrounds/ParksAthletic FieldsRestaurantsCasinosHighway oriented developmentDowntown neighborhood retail areasGrocery StoresTourist related developmentOffice <strong>and</strong> IndustrialMixed use areasLarge research/employment centersEnergy sector developmentBuild more casinosCreate a <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> Museum <strong>and</strong>Cultural CenterCreate new highway-oriented businessExp<strong>and</strong> the Buffalo herd, creating a tourist draw<strong>and</strong> source for meat <strong>and</strong> related productsDevelop alternative energy production, i.e. wind<strong>and</strong> solar farmsIncorporate manufacturing <strong>and</strong> industrialbusinessesLease hunting <strong>and</strong> fishing areasConcentration of tourist-related industriesshowcasing Tribal culturePromotion of organic farmingConvenience AreasSmall GroceryLarge Retail AreasOffice BuildingCommercial TourismFactory/IndustrialMulti-use trailsNew roads <strong>and</strong> road expansionTransitTraffic calming <strong>and</strong> safety improvementsAdditional connections to existing <strong>and</strong> futureneighborhoodsSingle Unit ResidentialMulti –Unit ResidentialRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial/ Manufacturing CommercialResort/ Parks/ Tourism IndustryTribal Governmental CenterCultural/ Heritage CenterEducational CenterJail/ Detention Center0%Where wouldyou like torecreate?What are the greatesteconomic needs?What economic strategy bestfits your community’s needs?Wherewouldyoulike toshop?Wherewouldyoulike towork?Whattransportationenhancementwould you likemost?What type ofdevelopment is mostneeded within yourDistrict?Appendices127
what we learned:kingfisher100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Nature & Open SpaceTrail ServicesJobsRural LivingFarming & RanchingCulture & HeritageOil & Gas ResourcesTourism/GamingAll of the AboveLoss of Tribal CultureLack of Employment OpportunitiesHousingLevel of Educational OpportunitiesLack of AmenitiesSocial ServicesCrimeSubstance/Alcohol AbuseSolid Waste DisposalHealth Related IssuesPreservation of existing natural resourcesExpansion of the buffalo herdContinuation of cultural eventsPromotion of agricultural usesCreation of nodes of cultural influenceInclusion of cultural museumsLanguageSongFeatherworkTipi MakingClustered single unit residencesSingle unit residencesLarge lot residentialTown homesApartmentsMixed UseRetail areasPersonal ServicesParksTrailsHealth <strong>and</strong> Recreation CenterCultural CentersSchoolsGovernment ServicesWhichattribute doyou like mostabout yourcommunity?What is yourcommunity’sgreatest assets?What do you feel is yourcommunity’s biggestchallenge?What is the besttechnique to maintainculture <strong>and</strong> heritage?Where wouldyou like tolive?What amenity ismost needed inyour community?128<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
80%of Kingfisher pollsters felt that a recreation center would be thebest place for them to recreate.100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%Community CenterRecreation CenterChurchTrailsPlaygrounds/ParksAthletic FieldsRestaurantsCasinosHighway oriented developmentDowntown neighborhood retail areasGrocery StoresTourist related developmentOffice <strong>and</strong> IndustrialMixed use areasLarge research/employment centersEnergy sector developmentBuild more casinosCreate a <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> Museum <strong>and</strong>Cultural CenterCreate new highway-oriented businessExp<strong>and</strong> the Buffalo herd, creating a tourist draw<strong>and</strong> source for meat <strong>and</strong> related productsDevelop alternative energy production, i.e. wind<strong>and</strong> solar farmsIncorporate manufacturing <strong>and</strong> industrialbusinessesLease hunting <strong>and</strong> fishing areasConcentration of tourist-related industriesshowcasing Tribal culturePromotion of organic farmingConvenience AreasSmall GroceryLarge Retail AreasOffice BuildingCommercial TourismFactory/IndustrialMulti-use trailsNew roads <strong>and</strong> road expansionTransitTraffic calming <strong>and</strong> safety improvementsAdditional connections to existing <strong>and</strong> futureneighborhoodsSingle Unit ResidentialMulti –Unit ResidentialRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial/ Manufacturing CommercialResort/ Parks/ Tourism IndustryTribal Governmental CenterCultural/ Heritage CenterEducational CenterJail/ Detention Center0%Where wouldyou like torecreate?What are the greatesteconomic needs?What economic strategy bestfits your community’s needs?Wherewouldyoulike toshop?Wherewouldyoulike towork?Whattransportationenhancementwould you likemost?What type ofdevelopment is mostneeded within yourDistrict?Appendices129
what we learned:watonga100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Nature & Open SpaceTrail ServicesJobsRural LivingFarming & RanchingCulture & HeritageOil & Gas ResourcesTourism/GamingAll of the AboveLoss of Tribal CultureLack of Employment OpportunitiesHousingLevel of Educational OpportunitiesLack of AmenitiesSocial ServicesCrimeSubstance/Alcohol AbuseSolid Waste DisposalHealth Related IssuesPreservation of existing natural resourcesExpansion of the buffalo herdContinuation of cultural eventsPromotion of agricultural usesCreation of nodes of cultural influenceInclusion of cultural museumsLanguageSongFeatherworkTipi MakingClustered single unit residencesSingle unit residencesLarge lot residentialTown homesApartmentsMixed UseRetail areasPersonal ServicesParksTrailsHealth <strong>and</strong> Recreation CenterCultural CentersSchoolsGovernment ServicesWhichattribute doyou like mostabout yourcommunity?What is yourcommunity’sgreatest assets?What do you feel is yourcommunity’s biggestchallenge?What is the besttechnique to maintainculture <strong>and</strong> heritage?Where wouldyou like tolive?What amenity ismost needed inyour community?130<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
56%56% of citizens polled in Watonga feel that their community’sgreatest economic need is large-scale research / employment centers.100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%Community CenterRecreation CenterChurchTrailsPlaygrounds/ParksAthletic FieldsRestaurantsCasinosHighway oriented developmentDowntown neighborhood retail areasGrocery StoresTourist related developmentOffice <strong>and</strong> IndustrialMixed use areasLarge research/employment centersEnergy sector developmentBuild more casinosCreate a <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> Museum <strong>and</strong>Cultural CenterCreate new highway-oriented businessExp<strong>and</strong> the Buffalo herd, creating a tourist draw<strong>and</strong> source for meat <strong>and</strong> related productsDevelop alternative energy production, i.e. wind<strong>and</strong> solar farmsIncorporate manufacturing <strong>and</strong> industrialbusinessesLease hunting <strong>and</strong> fishing areasConcentration of tourist-related industriesshowcasing Tribal culturePromotion of organic farmingConvenience AreasSmall GroceryLarge Retail AreasOffice BuildingCommercial TourismFactory/IndustrialMulti-use trailsNew roads <strong>and</strong> road expansionTransitTraffic calming <strong>and</strong> safety improvementsAdditional connections to existing <strong>and</strong> futureneighborhoodsSingle Unit ResidentialMulti –Unit ResidentialRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial/ Manufacturing CommercialResort/ Parks/ Tourism IndustryTribal Governmental CenterCultural/ Heritage CenterEducational CenterJail/ Detention Center0%Where wouldyou like torecreate?What are the greatesteconomic needs?What economic strategy bestfits your community’s needs?Wherewouldyoulike toshop?Wherewouldyoulike towork?Whattransportationenhancementwould you likemost?What type ofdevelopment is mostneeded within yourDistrict?Appendices131
what we learned: el reno100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Nature & Open SpaceTrail ServicesJobsRural LivingFarming & RanchingCulture & HeritageOil & Gas ResourcesTourism/GamingAll of the AboveLoss of Tribal CultureLack of Employment OpportunitiesHousingLevel of Educational OpportunitiesLack of AmenitiesSocial ServicesCrimeSubstance/Alcohol AbuseSolid Waste DisposalHealth Related IssuesPreservation of existing natural resourcesExpansion of the buffalo herdContinuation of cultural eventsPromotion of agricultural usesCreation of nodes of cultural influenceInclusion of cultural museumsLanguageSongFeatherworkTipi MakingClustered single unit residencesSingle unit residencesLarge lot residentialTown homesApartmentsMixed UseRetail areasPersonal ServicesParksTrailsHealth <strong>and</strong> Recreation CenterCultural CentersSchoolsGovernment ServicesWhichattribute doyou like mostabout yourcommunity?What is yourcommunity’sgreatest assets?What do you feel is yourcommunity’s biggestchallenge?What is the besttechnique to maintainculture <strong>and</strong> heritage?Where wouldyou like tolive?What amenity ismost needed inyour community?132<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
47%of those polled in El Reno feel that a cultural / heritage center is apriority development in their community.100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%Community CenterRecreation CenterChurchTrailsPlaygrounds/ParksAthletic FieldsRestaurantsCasinosHighway oriented developmentDowntown neighborhood retail areasGrocery StoresTourist related developmentOffice <strong>and</strong> IndustrialMixed use areasLarge research/employment centersEnergy sector developmentBuild more casinosCreate a <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> Museum <strong>and</strong>Cultural CenterCreate new highway-oriented businessExp<strong>and</strong> the Buffalo herd, creating a tourist draw<strong>and</strong> source for meat <strong>and</strong> related productsDevelop alternative energy production, i.e. wind<strong>and</strong> solar farmsIncorporate manufacturing <strong>and</strong> industrialbusinessesLease hunting <strong>and</strong> fishing areasConcentration of tourist-related industriesshowcasing Tribal culturePromotion of organic farmingConvenience AreasSmall GroceryLarge Retail AreasOffice BuildingCommercial TourismFactory/IndustrialMulti-use trailsNew roads <strong>and</strong> road expansionTransitTraffic calming <strong>and</strong> safety improvementsAdditional connections to existing <strong>and</strong> futureneighborhoodsSingle Unit ResidentialMulti –Unit ResidentialRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial/ Manufacturing CommercialResort/ Parks/ Tourism IndustryTribal Governmental CenterCultural/ Heritage CenterEducational CenterJail/ Detention Center0%Where wouldyou like torecreate?What are the greatesteconomic needs?What economic strategy bestfits your community’s needs?Wherewouldyoulike toshop?Wherewouldyoulike towork?Whattransportationenhancementwould you likemost?What type ofdevelopment is mostneeded within yourDistrict?Appendices133
what we learned:hammon100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Nature & Open SpaceTrail ServicesJobsRural LivingFarming & RanchingCulture & HeritageOil & Gas ResourcesTourism/GamingAll of the AboveLoss of Tribal CultureLack of Employment OpportunitiesHousingLevel of Educational OpportunitiesLack of AmenitiesSocial ServicesCrimeSubstance/Alcohol AbuseSolid Waste DisposalHealth Related IssuesPreservation of existing natural resourcesExpansion of the buffalo herdContinuation of cultural eventsPromotion of agricultural usesCreation of nodes of cultural influenceInclusion of cultural museumsLanguageSongFeatherworkTipi MakingClustered single unit residencesSingle unit residencesLarge lot residentialTown homesApartmentsMixed UseRetail areasPersonal ServicesParksTrailsHealth <strong>and</strong> Recreation CenterCultural CentersSchoolsGovernment ServicesWhichattribute doyou like mostabout yourcommunity?What is yourcommunity’sgreatest assets?What do you feel is yourcommunity’s biggestchallenge?What is the besttechnique to maintainculture <strong>and</strong> heritage?Where wouldyou like tolive?What amenity ismost needed inyour community?134<strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> <strong>Tribes</strong> <strong>Comprehensive</strong> <strong>Plan</strong>
91%of those polled in Hammon would prefer to live inlarge lot residential developments.100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%Community CenterRecreation CenterChurchTrailsPlaygrounds/ParksAthletic FieldsRestaurantsCasinosHighway oriented developmentDowntown neighborhood retail areasGrocery StoresTourist related developmentOffice <strong>and</strong> IndustrialMixed use areasLarge research/employment centersEnergy sector developmentBuild more casinosCreate a <strong>Cheyenne</strong>-<strong>Arapaho</strong> Museum <strong>and</strong>Cultural CenterCreate new highway-oriented businessExp<strong>and</strong> the Buffalo herd, creating a tourist draw<strong>and</strong> source for meat <strong>and</strong> related productsDevelop alternative energy production, i.e. wind<strong>and</strong> solar farmsIncorporate manufacturing <strong>and</strong> industrialbusinessesLease hunting <strong>and</strong> fishing areasConcentration of tourist-related industriesshowcasing Tribal culturePromotion of organic farmingConvenience AreasSmall GroceryLarge Retail AreasOffice BuildingCommercial TourismFactory/IndustrialMulti-use trailsNew roads <strong>and</strong> road expansionTransitTraffic calming <strong>and</strong> safety improvementsAdditional connections to existing <strong>and</strong> futureneighborhoodsSingle Unit ResidentialMulti –Unit ResidentialRetail CommercialOffice CommercialIndustrial/ Manufacturing CommercialResort/ Parks/ Tourism IndustryTribal Governmental CenterCultural/ Heritage CenterEducational CenterJail/ Detention Center0%Where wouldyou like torecreate?What are the greatesteconomic needs?What economic strategy bestfits your community’s needs?Wherewouldyoulike toshop?Wherewouldyoulike towork?Whattransportationenhancementwould you likemost?What type ofdevelopment is mostneeded within yourDistrict?Appendices135