Medical Tourism in Developing Countries

236 ● Indexhealth careon airplanes 47–48in developing countries 170–72,171teconomic growth and 172–75equality in 163global expenditure on 169inequalities in, macroeconomicpolicy and 169–85models of 151price in source countries 51–52primary, components of 179public expenditures for 182–84quality of 52unavailability of 52health-care inequalitiesmacroeconomic policy and 169–85perceptions of 178thealth-care providersfrom developing countries 6import of 29See also medical workershealth-care serviceseconomic activity from 22outsourcing of 5health-care systemfuture scenario for 167– 68globalized 108health indicators 171–72, 171thealth insurance. See insurancehealth sectorcosts of 163–64public sector in 67–70health-care tourismdefined 43See also medical tourismhigh income economies 14Hirshman, Albert 32hospitalsdomestic, decreased demandfor 165–66links with globally recognizedhospitals 83Houellebecq, Michel 121human capital 31–32, 95, 99–109brain drain/gain of 105–9education and training of 102–4indicators of 103tlanguage fluency of 104–5quality and quantity of 100–102Human Development Index, rankingof 15Huntington, Samuel 23Iimmigration policy 102, 191n17income, medical tourist 53–54income inequalities 172India 2accreditation in 213n25advantages of 99alternative medicine in 132BCI ranking of 126biotech and pharmaceutical advancesin 111–12border medicine in 49, 58brain drain from 105–6capital accumulation in 77cell phone use in 116cost of services in 76doctors trained in 6economic growth in 4, 25economic ranking of 14economies of scale in 76educated labor in 99electricity consumption in 117emerging economy of 15foreign investment in 85foreign patients in 3generic drug production in 141health care expenditures of 183health indicators in 171, 171thip replacement in 59hospital partnerships in 83–84Internet information for 61investment by 86JCI accredited institutions in 149tlack of infrastructure in 113