Microleakage of various cementing agents for full cast crowns

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452 marginal gap size of 120 mm (as defined by Mc Lean and Von Frauenhofer [40]) in all test groups. As in our own study, White et al. [9] did not find any correlation between marginal gaps and microleakage. Their study examined full cast crowns made of a non-precious alloy that had been cemented with a zinc-phosphate cement (Flecks; Mizzy, Cherry Hill, NJ, USA), a polycarboxylate cement (Durelon; 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), a glass–ionomer cement (Ketac-Cem; 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), a microfilled resin with dentin bonding (Thin Film Cement and Tenure; Den Mat Corp., Santa Maria, CA, USA), and a resin cement (Panavia Ex; Kuraray, Osaka, Japan). Nor did the study of Lindquist and Connolly [10] find any correlation between microleakage and marginal gap when using a zinc-phosphate cement (Flecks; Mizzy, Cherry Hill, NJ, USA) and a resinmodified glass–ionomer cement (Vitremer (now RelyX Luting); 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany). However, more research is needed to determine the relationships between restoration-associated diseases and the variables of microleakage, marginal opening, and host factors. Although we used established protocols to simulate the oral environment, the real-life scenario is too complex to be fully reproduced by experimental set-ups of this type. On balance, it is reasonable to assume that the data obtained in the various study groups constituted a viable basis for comparison. In clinical practice, however, additional factors such as biocompatibility, thermal/electric conductivity, ease of use, and, most important, the specific requirements of each case (e.g. height of the residual tooth structure and preparation angle) must enter the equation to find out which cementing agent is most appropriate. Conclusions 1. None of the cementing agents investigated in this study yielded a perfect seal at the bonding interface in enamel or dentin. 2. All cementing agents investigated were associated with higher degrees of microleakage when the tooth substrate was located in dentin. 3. The self-adhesive universal resin cement (RelyX Unicem) revealed the smallest degree of microleakage both in enamel and in dentin. 4. After artificial aging differences in the marginal gap quality were observed. 5. An association between marginal gap and microleakage was not observed. References A. Piwowarczyk et al. [1] Crim GA, Chapman KW. Reducing microleakage in class II restorations: an in vitro study. Quintessence Int 1994;25: 781–5. [2] Bergenholtz G, Cox CF, Loesche WJ, Syed SA. Bacterial leakage around dental restorations: its effect on the dental pulp. J Oral Pathol 1982;11:439–50. [3] Cox CF, Keall CL, Keall HJ, Ostro E, Bergenholtz G. Biocompatibility of surface-sealed dental materials against exposed pulps. J Prosthet Dent 1987;57:1–8. [4] Going RE, Sawinski VJ. Microleakage of a new restorative material. J Am Dent Assoc 1966;73:107–15. 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Microleakage of various cementing agents for full cast crowns

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