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N T I S2010# Botanical Name 41 Species37 Podophyllum hexandrum Royle Berberidaceae38 Rauwolfi a Serpentina (L) Benth ex Kurz Apocynaceae39 Rheum australe D.Don Poylgonaceae4041Rhododendron Anthopogon D. Don ,(Rhododendron Lepidotum)Rubia cordifolia Linn/Manjith Roxb.exFlemingEricaceaeRubiaceaeNepali / EnglishNamesLaghupatra, MayAppleSarpagandha,ChandmaruwaPadamchal,Himalayan RhubarbSunpati / DwarfRhododendron, (Bhalisunpati)Majitho / IndianMadderAnnualCollectionin MT 42Collectionin 2007/08Qty. in MT 431.17 GPFR100 25.1 GPFR30 9.5 EOA50-100 64.0 GPFR42 Sapindus Mukorossi Gaertn. Spindaceae Riththa, Soapnut 1000 703.4 GPFR43Swerita Chirayita (Roxb.ex.Fleming)Karsten44 Tagetes glandulifera Schrank minuta L. Compositae45Taxus baccata Linn. And TaxusWallichiana Zucc.Remarks(Ref Footnotes)EOA, EPAPGentianaceae Chirayito / Chireta 300-500 72.2 BC,GPFRTaxaceae46 Terminallia bellirica Gaertner Roxburg. Combretaceae47 Terminallia chebula Ritzius. CombretaceaeJangali Sayapatri,TagetesLouthsalla/HimalayanYewBarro, BellericMyrobolonHarrro ChebulicMyrobolon10-20 9.5350 1.1200 1.5100BC,EOA,GPFREPAP,GPFR, EOA48 Tinospora sinensis (Labour.) Merr MenispermaceaeGujro / Tinospora,CordifoliaGPFR49 Trichosanthes Palmata Roxb Spp. Cucurbitaceae Indrayani, Indreni 0.35 BC, GPFR50 Valeriana Jatamansi Jones Valriananceae51 Zanthoxylum armatum DC Nepalense RutaceaeSugandhawal,Samayo IndianvalerianTimmur / zanthosylum,Nepali piper,200 36.4300-500 373.3EOA GPFREPAPBC,EOA,GPFRSutho, Ginger (Fresh52 Zingiber Offi cinale, Rosc, Jingiberaceae150,000 BC,EOAand Dried)Note: BC = Being Cultivated, GPFR= Government has Prioritized for Farming and Research, EOA = Essential Oils Available. EPAP= Export Permitted after Processing (Export permit is needed for raw Kutki), BCE = Banned for Collection and Export (Juglans regiaLinn, walnut is also BCE)Source: Field WorkNEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT63
N T I S20108) Handmade Paper and Paper ProductsBackgroundNepali handmade paper is a unique product made from the inner barks of Daphne Papysacea Wall and DaphneBholua Buch (Thymelaeaceae sp.) called ‘Lokta’ and also from a mixture of ‘Lokta’ and Argeli plant’s fibres. 44The traditional Tibetan paper-making technique was transferred and developed in Baglung district and otherparts of Nepal in the 7th century. 45,46 The paper is strong and durable and has an inherent natural resistanceto worms and insects. The raw paper is produced in more than 22 districts. 47 The production of finished paperproducts is done in Kathmandu valley and Janakpur. Such products include greeting cards, shopping bags,packing boxes, stationery sets, diaries and notebooks, folders, photo albums, wrapping papers, photo frames,curtains, wallpapers, table and ceiling lamps, wall paintings, etc. HANDPASS, the Handmade Paper Association,estimates that around 55,000 families earn a livelihood with Lokta collection and the production of handmadepaper and its products. 48 However, this work is usually on a part-time basis. The FTEE is estimated to bearound 8,000 workers.With estimated annual exports of around US$4 million, handmade paper is a niche product. It certainly has apositive socioeconomic impact, but its overall economic importance is relatively small.Index 1: Export PerformanceTable 2.28Export Value of Handmade Paper, 2005-2009 (US$1,000)2005 2006 2007 2008 2009n/a n/a n/a4,000(estimate)n/aThere is no reliable data on export of finished Lokta paper products because there is no distinction between theproducts made of normal paper and those made of Lokta in trade statistics of importing countries. Estimatesof the total export value of finished Lokta products vary. HANDPASS, the handmade paper association,estimates that annual exports are worth US$4 million. 49 In the absence of reliable estimates over severalyears, exports of HS Code 4802.10, which accounts only for raw Lokta paper (‘Paper, handmade, uncoated, inrolls or sheets’), is used for the calculation of export growth rates. These exports have been slowly decliningfrom US$734,000 in 2005 to US$531,000 in 2008.Types of Exported Products: Both handmade paper and finished products made of handmade paper areexported (such as notebooks, lampshades, etc).44These plants grow well at elevations ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 m, Department of Plant Resources, “Medicinal Plants of Nepal”, Bulletin No28, 2007, p. 46 and 239.45Bibendra Prasad Singh, Nepali Paper Industry, Lokta: An Introduction, SMARIKA, HANDPASS, 2062, p. 1.46Jesper Tier, An Introduction to Handmade Paper in Nepal, Ancient Paper of Nepal, Nepal Handmade Paper Association, SMARIKA, 2062, p. 5.47These 22 districts are: Aachham, Baglung, Bajura, Bajhang, Bhojpur, Dailekh, Dolakha, Gorkha, Ilam, Jajarkot, Myagdi, Okhaldhunga,Panchathar, Parbat, Ramechhap, Rolpa, Rukum, Sankhuwasabha, Sindhupalchowk, Solukhumbu, Taplejung, and Terahthum.48Nepal Handmade Paper Association, Loktapatra, Vol 3, Issue 1, January 2009.49This is roughly in line with an estimate by Bhishma P. Subedi et al (Handmade Paper Value-Chain in Nepal, 2006). They estimate that totalvalue-added of the industry is around US$6 million, not all of which goes into export.64NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT
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Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 20
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Table of ContentsForewordAbbreviati
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Table 2.17 Acreage and Production o
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List of BoxesBox 2.1 A Nepalese IT
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LoD Limit of DetectionM&E Monitorin
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Chapter 1Trading Environment, Expor
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N T I S20101.3 Capacity Development
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N T I S2010Table 1.1Balance of Paym
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N T I S2010Changes in the Nepalese
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N T I S20101.5 Expanding an ‘Incl
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N T I S2010 Index 4 measures the po
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Page 51 and 52: N T I S2010The opportunities for pr
Page 53 and 54: N T I S2010Lentils are subject to o
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Page 60 and 61: N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
Page 62 and 63: N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
Page 64 and 65: N T I S2010Attractive markets for T
Page 66 and 67: N T I S2010Market Access Conditions
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Page 70 and 71: N T I S2010Information from industr
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Page 78 and 79: N T I S2010Current Export Destinati
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Page 84 and 85: N T I S2010Availability and Quality
Page 86 and 87: N T I S2010Attractive Markets for S
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Page 96 and 97: N T I S2010Gender Impact: Female wo
Page 98 and 99: N T I S2010The value added of those
Page 100 and 101: N T I S2010sheep population, which
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Page 104 and 105: N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
Page 106 and 107: N T I S2010There are also about 24
Page 108 and 109: N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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Page 112 and 113: N T I S2010Contribution to Skill De
Page 114 and 115: N T I S2010Types of Exported Servic
Page 118 and 119: N T I S201016) Health ServicesBackg
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Page 122 and 123: N T I S201017) Education ServicesBa
Page 124 and 125: N T I S2010should be interpreted ca
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N T I S2010foreign students. The me
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N T I S2010Under mode 4 (presence o
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010generate revenue of US$3
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N T I S2010monopsony power. Several
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N T I S2010The possibility of direc
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N T I S2010Dairy Products, specific
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Chapter 3Access to the Indian Marke
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N T I S2010The Nepal-India Trade Tr
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N T I S2010Most issues reported abo
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N T I S2010Nepalese Domestic Issues
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N T I S2010India’s view is that t
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Chapter 4Access to the Chinese Mark
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N T I S2010products must be wholly
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N T I S2010The findings discussed h
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N T I S20104.5 Other Impediments to
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N T I S20104.7 Recommendations: Cha
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N T I S2010inflow between 2000 and
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N T I S2010Industrial Parks and SEZ
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N T I S2010Lack of up-to-date polic
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N T I S2010Apart from the critical
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N T I S2010capabilities in all five
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N T I S20105.5. Combining Investmen
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Chapter 6Trade FacilitationN T I S2
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N T I S2010In the 2005 Trade Facili
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N T I S2010The latest phase of impl
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N T I S2010improve efficiency. Few
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N T I S2010Figure 7.1Future Organog
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N T I S2010EU countries, special pr
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N T I S2010Act 1980. So far, 130 fi
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N T I S2010The current projects inc
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N T I S2010The NBSM as a secretaria
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N T I S2010Many more organizations
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N T I S2010Table 7.8Existing Nepal
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Table 7.9Standards Issues for Ten E
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N T I S20107.14 Priority Actions an
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N T I S2010It is not clear what amo
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N T I S2010GeneralNepal’s general
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N T I S2010a crucial part of the PR
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N T I S2010residue limits (MRLs) ar
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N T I S2010The viral diseases chirk
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N T I S2010SPS issues Affecting Tra
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N T I S2010Indian phytosanitary sta
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N T I S20108.5 Conclusions and Reco
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N T I S2010Simpler requirements suc
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Table 8.4Summary of Export Environm
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N T I S2010To register a patent, a
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N T I S2010breaches of law. The Nep
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N T I S2010Intellectual Property is
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Chapter 10Barriers to Service Trade
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N T I S2010Constraints in the touri
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N T I S2010Table 10.2Nepal GATS Com
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N T I S2010locations favourable for
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N T I S2010Barriers to Exports of H
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N T I S2010Institutional IssueThe s
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N T I S2010 Strengthening sub-natio
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N T I S2010Observations from enterp
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N T I S2010Nepal Ginger Producers a
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N T I S2010 Helping paper manufactu
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N T I S2010Computer Association of
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N T I S20105. Also related to the a
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N T I S2010The key principles inclu
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N T I S2010That being said, Nepal h
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N T I S2010Nepal Business ForumOn M
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N T I S2010Third, capacity developm
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N T I S2010expected to emerge from
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N T I S201012.7 Possible Options fo
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N T I S201012.8 RecommendationsThe
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N T I S2010GoN / MoF (2009), Econom
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N T I S2010Thapa, Ajit N.S. (2006).
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S2010MainOutcomes Recommended
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S20102. GINGERStrengths Tradi
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N T I S20104. LENTILSStrengths High
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N T I S20105. TEAStrengths Very fav
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N T I S20106. INSTANT NOODLESStreng
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N T I S2010 Review, simplify, and i
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N T I S20109. SILVER JEWELRYStrengt
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N T I S201011. CHYANGRA PASHMINA PR
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N T I S201013. TOURISMStrengthsNatu
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N T I S201015. IT AND BPO SERVICESS
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N T I S201017. EDUCATION SERVICESSt
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N T I S201019. HYDRO-ELECTRICITYStr
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Appendix 1Methodology for Export Po
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N T I S2010B. Data SourcesThe analy
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Appendix 2Market Attractiveness Ind
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N T I S2010Rank13) Tourism1 Germany
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Appendix 3Updated Legislative Actio
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N T I S2010specified management sys
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N T I S2010than pesticide residues
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Appendix 5Malaysia GAP (Skim Amalam
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N T I S2010E. Document ControlQMS d
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Appendix 7Good Agricultural Practic
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