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N T I S2010Attractive markets for Tea (HS 0902.40)Top 10 by size, growth, openess and current exportstop10top10 top10 current exports from NepalRank top10 SIZEGROWTH OPENESS(US$ 1,000 in 2008)1 UK Egypt India India 15,1162 Russia Australia Kyrgyzstan Germany 2393 Pakistan UAE Japan France 594 Egypt Iran Tajikistan Pakistan 315 UAE Russia Japan 276 Iran Kazakhstan Austria 177 USA USA Canada 138 Japan Germany USA 119 Germany Saudi Arabia Poland 1010 Kazakhstan UK Denmark 66) Instant NoodlesBackgroundInvented in Japan in the late 1950s, production of instant noodles in Nepal began in the early 1980s. GandakiNoodles started with the now famous ‘Rara’ brand. This came at a time when there was a growing demandfor instant noodles, which were imported mainly from Thailand. Several other companies followed over theyears. At present, there are more than 14 noodles factories scattered all over Nepal, with an installed annualproduction capacity of more than 48,890 MT. The sector is driven by large companies with well-establishedbrands (e.g. Chaudhary with ‘Wai Wai’ and Khetan with ‘Mayos’). Today, the estimated value of productionis US$28 million, with exports above US$10 million. The internal market is tight and competition is intense.After the Nepal-India treaty of 1996, Nepal-made instant noodles have found a ready market in India (and alsoBhutan), where Nepalese brands are now well-established.Nepal is the 17 th largest consumer of instant noodles in the world.Index 1: Export PerformanceTable 2.19Export Value of Instant Noodles, 2004-2008 (US$1,000)Direct data (Nepal) 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 20Exports overseas 1,196 1,574 1,783 4,171 1,927Exports to India 5,682 6,380 3,252 7,300 9,516Total exports 6,878 7,954 5,035 11,471 11,443Mirror data 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Exports overseas 19 999 274 423 1,240Exports to India 2,434 3,410 881 2,699 9,150Total exports 2,453 4,409 1,155 3,122 10,39020US$=NRs65 till 2005/06, then on US$=NRs 73.NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT51
N T I S2010As with most products, there is a significant difference between Nepalese data and mirror data, except for themost recent period. However, what is clear is that 80-90 per cent of exports go to India alone. Mirror data wasused for the calculation of indicators.Types of Exported Products: Brown and white noodles, with a large number of brands in each category.Brown type of noodles comes in three different ways: straight out of pack, cooked, or as a soup. In terms of HScodes, most exported pasta products are 1902.19 (‘uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared, nes’,with some exports of 1902.11 (‘uncooked pasta, not stuffed or otherwise prepared, containing eggs’).Current Export Destinations: According to Nepalese data, in 2008/09, exports to India constituted 83 percent, China (including Hong Kong) 14 per cent, and Bhutan 2 per cent. Very small amounts were exportedto Malaysia, Kuwait, UAE, EU, and Australia. Mirror data shows 88 per cent exports to India and 7 per centexports to Qatar.Potential Export Destinations: The largest markets for instant noodles in terms of consumption are China,Indonesia, Japan, USA, Vietnam, Korea, Philippines, Thailand, Russia, and India. India and some countries inthe Middle East have very large growth in consumption.Nepal’s World Market Share: Given the diversity of products grouped together under the applicable tariffcode, no exact calculation of the size of the world market or Nepal’s share in it is possible. However, Nepalhas almost a 100 per cent share of the Indian import market. 21Trade Balance: Nepal imports noodles from a number of countries like Italy, Turkey, and India, but the importvalue has been below US$0.5 million in recent years and some imports, such as those from Italy, are differenttypes of pasta. Wheat flour, the major input for noodle factories, is mostly supplied by domestic wheat flourfactories. But some wheat flour is imported from India due to price differences and quality considerations.Dynamism of Exports: Exports have increased substantially over recent years, both according to Nepalese andIndian data, and also by both value and volume. According to interviewed companies, many new productionunits are coming up with new brands of noodles for export markets.Index 2: World Market ConditionsInstant noodles do not have a specific tariff code in most countries. They would usually fall under the HSheading, 1902.11/19 (uncooked pasta), which also includes completely different types of noodles. That meansthe world trade indicators are not meaningful for the instant noodles sector. In the absence of trade data oninstant noodles, estimates for consumption provided by the World Instant Noodles Association (WINA) areshown. There is no comparable data on values, but with a rough assumption of a typical cost of US$10 cts. perpack, the world instant noodles production would be worth more than US$9 billion.Table 2.20Total World Consumption of Instant Noodles, 2004-2008(in million packs)2004 2005 2006 2007 200879,980 86,000 92,080 98,420 93,600Source: http://instantnoodles.org/noodles/expanding-market.html21The actual share for the main exported product (1902.19) is 80-90 per cent, but most of the remainder comes from Italy, for which one canassume that it is not a directly competing type of pasta.52NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT
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Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 20
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Table of ContentsForewordAbbreviati
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Table 2.17 Acreage and Production o
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List of BoxesBox 2.1 A Nepalese IT
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LoD Limit of DetectionM&E Monitorin
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Servic
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N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
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N T I S201016) Health ServicesBackg
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N T I S2010medical services are bei
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N T I S201017) Education ServicesBa
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N T I S2010should be interpreted ca
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N T I S2010foreign students. The me
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N T I S2010Under mode 4 (presence o
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010generate revenue of US$3
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N T I S2010monopsony power. Several
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N T I S2010The possibility of direc
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N T I S2010Dairy Products, specific
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Chapter 3Access to the Indian Marke
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N T I S2010The Nepal-India Trade Tr
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N T I S2010Most issues reported abo
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N T I S2010Nepalese Domestic Issues
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N T I S2010India’s view is that t
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Chapter 4Access to the Chinese Mark
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N T I S2010products must be wholly
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N T I S2010The findings discussed h
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N T I S20104.5 Other Impediments to
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N T I S20104.7 Recommendations: Cha
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N T I S2010inflow between 2000 and
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N T I S2010Industrial Parks and SEZ
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N T I S2010Lack of up-to-date polic
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N T I S2010Apart from the critical
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N T I S2010capabilities in all five
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N T I S20105.5. Combining Investmen
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Chapter 6Trade FacilitationN T I S2
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N T I S2010In the 2005 Trade Facili
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N T I S2010The latest phase of impl
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N T I S2010improve efficiency. Few
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N T I S2010Figure 7.1Future Organog
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N T I S2010EU countries, special pr
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N T I S2010Act 1980. So far, 130 fi
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N T I S2010The current projects inc
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N T I S2010The NBSM as a secretaria
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N T I S2010Many more organizations
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N T I S2010Table 7.8Existing Nepal
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Table 7.9Standards Issues for Ten E
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N T I S20107.14 Priority Actions an
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N T I S2010It is not clear what amo
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N T I S2010GeneralNepal’s general
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N T I S2010a crucial part of the PR
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N T I S2010residue limits (MRLs) ar
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N T I S2010The viral diseases chirk
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N T I S2010SPS issues Affecting Tra
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N T I S2010Indian phytosanitary sta
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N T I S20108.5 Conclusions and Reco
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N T I S2010Simpler requirements suc
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Table 8.4Summary of Export Environm
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N T I S2010To register a patent, a
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N T I S2010breaches of law. The Nep
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N T I S2010Intellectual Property is
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Chapter 10Barriers to Service Trade
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N T I S2010Constraints in the touri
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N T I S2010Table 10.2Nepal GATS Com
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N T I S2010locations favourable for
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N T I S2010Barriers to Exports of H
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N T I S2010Institutional IssueThe s
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N T I S2010 Strengthening sub-natio
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N T I S2010Observations from enterp
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N T I S2010Nepal Ginger Producers a
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N T I S2010 Helping paper manufactu
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N T I S2010Computer Association of
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N T I S20105. Also related to the a
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N T I S2010The key principles inclu
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N T I S2010That being said, Nepal h
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N T I S2010Nepal Business ForumOn M
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N T I S2010Third, capacity developm
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N T I S2010expected to emerge from
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N T I S201012.7 Possible Options fo
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N T I S201012.8 RecommendationsThe
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N T I S2010GoN / MoF (2009), Econom
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N T I S2010Thapa, Ajit N.S. (2006).
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S2010MainOutcomes Recommended
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S20102. GINGERStrengths Tradi
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N T I S20104. LENTILSStrengths High
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N T I S20105. TEAStrengths Very fav
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N T I S20106. INSTANT NOODLESStreng
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N T I S2010 Review, simplify, and i
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N T I S20109. SILVER JEWELRYStrengt
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N T I S201011. CHYANGRA PASHMINA PR
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N T I S201013. TOURISMStrengthsNatu
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N T I S201015. IT AND BPO SERVICESS
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N T I S201017. EDUCATION SERVICESSt
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N T I S201019. HYDRO-ELECTRICITYStr
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Appendix 1Methodology for Export Po
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N T I S2010B. Data SourcesThe analy
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Appendix 2Market Attractiveness Ind
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N T I S2010Rank13) Tourism1 Germany
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Appendix 3Updated Legislative Actio
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N T I S2010specified management sys
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N T I S2010than pesticide residues
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Appendix 5Malaysia GAP (Skim Amalam
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N T I S2010E. Document ControlQMS d
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Appendix 7Good Agricultural Practic
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