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N T I S2010E. Document ControlQMS documents must be relevant to the operation and adequately controlled. These include internaldocuments relating to compliance, operating procedures, work instructions, and recording forms. Relevantexternal standards must also be controlled documents. The document control system is based on ISO 9000and includes the necessity for review and approval of new and altered documents by authorized personsbefore issue and distribution and must have issue number, issue date/review date, and be appropriatelypaged. A copy of all relevant documentation must be available where the QMS is being controlled. Obsoletedocuments must be effectively rescinded.F. RecordsGroup records must demonstrate effective control of the GAPs QMS requirements and compliance and keptfor a minimum period (often three years). Such records must be genuine, legible, stored and maintained insuitable conditions, and accessible for inspection.G. Complaint HandlingA system for effectively managing customer complaints is essential. This must be through a documentedprocedure that describes how complaints are received, registered, identified, investigated, followed up andreviewed. The procedure must be available to customers, as required.H. Internal Audits and InspectionsThe internal audit system in place must both assess the adequacy and compliance of the documented QMSand inspect the producers and farms against the GAP standards. Internal auditors must comply with the GAPrequirements set for an internal group auditor, be suitably trained and independent of the area being audited.The GAP QMS must be audited at least annually. Records of the internal audit plan, audit findings, and followupon corrective actions resulting from an audit must be maintained and available.I. Producer and Production Location InspectionsAn internal inspection system must be in place to inspect the producers and farms against the GAP standards.Internal inspectors need to comply with the GAP requirements set for an internal group inspector andinspections carried out at each registered producer and production location at least once a year. Review ofinspection reports and producer status must take place. New members of the group must always be internallyinspected before admitting them into the GAPs registered producers list.J. Non-Compliances and Corrective Action SystemsA procedure to identify and handle non-compliances and corrective actions which may result from internal orexternal audits and/or inspections, customer complaints or failures of the QMS must be in place.NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT309
N T I S2010K. Product Traceability and SegregationProducts meeting the requirements of GAPs standard and marketed as such must be traceable and handledin a manner that prevents mixing with non-GAPs approved products. This must be a documented procedurefor the identification of registered products to enable traceability of all products, both conforming and nonconformingto the applicable production sites. A mass balance exercise needs to be carried out to demonstratecompliance with the legal entity.L. Sanctions and Non-ConformanceThe group must operate a system of sanctions and non-conformance with their producers that meets GAPrequirements in individual contracts. Records must be maintained of all sanctions, including evidence ofsubsequent corrective actions and decision-making processes.M. Withdrawal of Certified ProductThere must be documented procedures in place to effectively manage the withdrawal of registered productsas well as procedures that identify the types of event which may result in a withdrawal, persons responsiblefor taking decisions on the possible withdrawal of product, the mechanism for notifying customers and theGAP’s approved certification body and methods of reconciling stock.N. SubcontractorsAny services subcontracted to third parties must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of theGAPs standards.O. Internal Producer Group Inspector/Auditor: Formal QualificationsInternal inspectors’ qualifications and experience must be verified for each sub-scope by the producer group,e.g. at least a post-high school diploma in a discipline related to the scope of certification (crops and/orlivestock and/or aquaculture) or an agricultural high school qualification with a determined number of yearsof experience in the relevant sub-scope after qualification.P. Technical Skills and QualificationsThe internal inspector needs to have taken a practical inspection course setting out basic principles ofinspection (internally carried out by the group) and follow two inspections (accompanying an audit or shadowaudits by the certifying body). Where there is more than one internal inspector there should be records ofshadow audits between them. The internal inspector should comply with the following requirements: Training in QMS/HACCP principles either as part of formal qualifications or by the successful completionof a formal course based on the principles of Codex Alimentarius; Food hygiene training either as part of formal qualifications or by the successful completion of a formalcourse; For crop audits: plant protection, fertilizer and IPM training either as part of formal qualifications or bythe successful completion of a formal course; For livestock and aquaculture audits: basic veterinary medicine and animal production training,including animal health and welfare issues.310NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT
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Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 20
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Table of ContentsForewordAbbreviati
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Table 2.17 Acreage and Production o
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List of BoxesBox 2.1 A Nepalese IT
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LoD Limit of DetectionM&E Monitorin
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Chapter 1Trading Environment, Expor
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N T I S20101.3 Capacity Development
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N T I S2010Table 1.1Balance of Paym
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N T I S2010Changes in the Nepalese
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N T I S20101.5 Expanding an ‘Incl
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N T I S2010 Index 4 measures the po
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N T I S2010Table 1.9Impact of 19 Ex
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N T I S2010Table 1.10Geographical D
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N T I S20101.7 Declining Importance
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N T I S2010negotiate for the inclus
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Produc
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N T I S2010Table 2.2Large Cardamom:
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010exporters. Nepal permits
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N T I S2010RankCountryExports Nepal
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N T I S2010like China and Australia
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N T I S2010The opportunities for pr
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N T I S2010Lentils are subject to o
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nat
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: This sect
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
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N T I S2010Attractive markets for T
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N T I S2010Market Access Conditions
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: The respo
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N T I S2010Information from industr
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N T I S2010RankCountryTable 2.26Att
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N T I S2010# Botanical Name 41 Spec
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N T I S2010Current Export Destinati
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N T I S2010significant attention fr
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N T I S20109) Silver JewelryBackgro
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N T I S2010Availability and Quality
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N T I S2010Attractive Markets for S
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nep
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N T I S2010ii.iii.required for the
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N T I S201012345678910# Name of Ste
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: Female wo
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N T I S2010The value added of those
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N T I S2010sheep population, which
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N T I S201013) TourismBackgroundTou
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010There are also about 24
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010Contribution to Skill De
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Servic
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N T I S201016) Health ServicesBackg
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N T I S2010medical services are bei
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N T I S201017) Education ServicesBa
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N T I S2010should be interpreted ca
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N T I S2010foreign students. The me
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N T I S2010Under mode 4 (presence o
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010generate revenue of US$3
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N T I S2010monopsony power. Several
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N T I S2010The possibility of direc
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N T I S2010Dairy Products, specific
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Chapter 3Access to the Indian Marke
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N T I S2010The Nepal-India Trade Tr
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N T I S2010Most issues reported abo
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N T I S2010Nepalese Domestic Issues
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N T I S2010India’s view is that t
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Chapter 4Access to the Chinese Mark
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N T I S2010products must be wholly
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N T I S2010The findings discussed h
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N T I S20104.5 Other Impediments to
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N T I S20104.7 Recommendations: Cha
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N T I S2010inflow between 2000 and
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N T I S2010Industrial Parks and SEZ
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N T I S2010Lack of up-to-date polic
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N T I S2010Apart from the critical
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N T I S2010capabilities in all five
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N T I S20105.5. Combining Investmen
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Chapter 6Trade FacilitationN T I S2
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N T I S2010In the 2005 Trade Facili
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N T I S2010The latest phase of impl
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N T I S2010improve efficiency. Few
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N T I S2010Figure 7.1Future Organog
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N T I S2010EU countries, special pr
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N T I S2010Act 1980. So far, 130 fi
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N T I S2010The current projects inc
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N T I S2010The NBSM as a secretaria
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N T I S2010Many more organizations
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N T I S2010Table 7.8Existing Nepal
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Table 7.9Standards Issues for Ten E
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N T I S20107.14 Priority Actions an
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N T I S2010It is not clear what amo
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N T I S2010GeneralNepal’s general
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N T I S2010a crucial part of the PR
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N T I S2010residue limits (MRLs) ar
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N T I S2010The viral diseases chirk
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N T I S2010SPS issues Affecting Tra
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N T I S2010Indian phytosanitary sta
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N T I S20108.5 Conclusions and Reco
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N T I S2010Simpler requirements suc
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Table 8.4Summary of Export Environm
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N T I S2010To register a patent, a
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N T I S2010breaches of law. The Nep
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N T I S2010Intellectual Property is
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Chapter 10Barriers to Service Trade
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N T I S2010Constraints in the touri
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N T I S2010Table 10.2Nepal GATS Com
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N T I S2010locations favourable for
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N T I S2010Barriers to Exports of H
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N T I S2010Institutional IssueThe s
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N T I S2010 Strengthening sub-natio
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N T I S2010Observations from enterp
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N T I S2010Nepal Ginger Producers a
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N T I S2010 Helping paper manufactu
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N T I S2010Computer Association of
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N T I S20105. Also related to the a
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N T I S2010The key principles inclu
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N T I S2010That being said, Nepal h
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N T I S2010Nepal Business ForumOn M
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N T I S2010Third, capacity developm
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N T I S2010expected to emerge from
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N T I S201012.7 Possible Options fo
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N T I S201012.8 RecommendationsThe
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N T I S2010GoN / MoF (2009), Econom
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N T I S2010Thapa, Ajit N.S. (2006).
Page 272 and 273: N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
Page 274 and 275: N T I S2010MainOutcomes Recommended
Page 280: N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
Page 283 and 284: N T I S20102. GINGERStrengths Tradi
Page 285 and 286: N T I S20104. LENTILSStrengths High
Page 287 and 288: N T I S20105. TEAStrengths Very fav
Page 289 and 290: N T I S20106. INSTANT NOODLESStreng
Page 291 and 292: N T I S2010 Review, simplify, and i
Page 293 and 294: N T I S20109. SILVER JEWELRYStrengt
Page 295 and 296: N T I S201011. CHYANGRA PASHMINA PR
Page 297 and 298: N T I S201013. TOURISMStrengthsNatu
Page 299 and 300: N T I S201015. IT AND BPO SERVICESS
Page 301 and 302: N T I S201017. EDUCATION SERVICESSt
Page 303 and 304: N T I S201019. HYDRO-ELECTRICITYStr
Page 306 and 307: Appendix 1Methodology for Export Po
Page 308 and 309: N T I S2010B. Data SourcesThe analy
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Page 312 and 313: N T I S2010Rank13) Tourism1 Germany
Page 314 and 315: Appendix 3Updated Legislative Actio
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Page 320 and 321: Appendix 5Malaysia GAP (Skim Amalam
Page 324 and 325: Appendix 7Good Agricultural Practic
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