Ministry of Commerce And Supplies - Enhanced Integrated ...

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N T I S201018. ENGINEERING SERVICESStrengths Availability of well-trained manpower Some expertise in development of engineeringsoftware and geo-technical services Good English language skills among professionals Expertise in rural engineering, land development, androad design and constructionOpportunities Possibility of penetrating new markets (i.e. Japan foroutsourcing of engineering designs) Collaboration with foreign companies Massive development of infrastructure andhydropower within the country Booming construction sectors in India, other SAARCcountries, China PRC, Gulf countries, and others thatrely on foreign manpowerWeaknessesGeneral lack of experience in large-scale projects forparticipation in international tendersWeak expertise in proposal preparationLack of expertise in hydropower, irrigation, and watersupply sectorsThreatsBrain drain of qualified and experienced manpowerPolitical instabilityHigh level of corruption in construction sectorActions Formulate a sector policy supportive of export of engineering and consulting services andsupportive Act, as necessary. Inform professionals about outsourcing opportunities from Nepal (For example, ADF iscompleting an outsourcing job for a Dutch company and WELINK is exporting engineeringsoftware and carrying out consultancy for foreign companies from Nepal). Establish a consultancy development centre. (At present, Nepal has only a small desk at theMinistry of Physical Planning & Works to support this sector.)NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT289
N T I S201019. HYDRO-ELECTRICITYStrengths Huge production potential, estimated at between 43and 83 GW (some estimates are even significantlyhigher) Possible positive side-effects on irrigation and floodcontrol In addition to exports, potential for improving localpower supply with little trade-off (current demand inNepal is less than 1 GW) Could improve navigation on major rivers such as theKosi and the Ganga by raising dry season water leveland help mitigate risks of flooding, including in IndiaOpportunities High demand in India, with current peak load deficit innorthern India estimated at 5,500 MW Exports to Bangladesh, where the peak load deficit isalso significant, is technically possible Potential for export to China PRC, but long distance tourban areas High potential for fiscal revenue generation ifroyalties or other forms of taxation are set properly Additional revenue could be generated throughstorage (e.g. combined with mainly coal-poweredgeneration in India) Opportunities for export-oriented backward linkagesthrough supply to energy-intensive industriesWeaknesses Possible negative impact on environment and on ruralpopulation (resettlements) Weak regulatory body in Nepal Long lead time of 10 or more years for large-scaleprojects Limited willingness of Indian investors to pay abovecostprices (though this apparently works in Bhutan) Policy, Acts, and Regulations currently in force are notinvestment-friendly.Threats Initial likely dependence on a single buyer (namelyIndia) might create high financial risks for investors(whether foreign or Nepalese/private or public) Political instability could deter foreign investors Welfare gains may be small. They are only assured ifbuyers are willing to pay above-cost prices.Actions Formulate a proper legal framework. New Draft Act before parliament needs improvements(e.g. requirement that at least 10 per cent investment in project be Nepali does not workfor large projects due to lack of investment resources). Simplify the system of taxation androyalties to assure transparency for investors and also significant tax revenues. Overhaul the system of licence issuance for hydropower projects. Set up a planning body and develop a master plan (with focus not only on generation but alsoon transmission). Set up a regulatory body to facilitate negotiations with potential public or private foreigninvestors. Make available a single-window system for potential investors. Undertake studies that analyse the different financing and pricing options for some potentialprojects and their costs and benefits, including an assessment of how hydropower projectscould be rewarded for positive externalities (such as irrigation and flood control). Also includean analysis of Bhutan’s approach and why this approach has so far not been successful in Nepal. Accelerate negotiations with India to update the existing power trade agreement and othernecessary arrangements.290NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT
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Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 20
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Table of ContentsForewordAbbreviati
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Table 2.17 Acreage and Production o
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List of BoxesBox 2.1 A Nepalese IT
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LoD Limit of DetectionM&E Monitorin
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Chapter 1Trading Environment, Expor
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N T I S20101.3 Capacity Development
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N T I S2010Table 1.1Balance of Paym
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N T I S2010Changes in the Nepalese
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N T I S20101.5 Expanding an ‘Incl
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N T I S2010 Index 4 measures the po
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N T I S2010Table 1.9Impact of 19 Ex
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N T I S2010Table 1.10Geographical D
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N T I S20101.7 Declining Importance
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N T I S2010negotiate for the inclus
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Produc
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N T I S2010Table 2.2Large Cardamom:
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010exporters. Nepal permits
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N T I S2010RankCountryExports Nepal
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N T I S2010like China and Australia
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N T I S2010The opportunities for pr
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N T I S2010Lentils are subject to o
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nat
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: This sect
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
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N T I S2010Attractive markets for T
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N T I S2010Market Access Conditions
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: The respo
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N T I S2010Information from industr
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N T I S2010RankCountryTable 2.26Att
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N T I S2010# Botanical Name 41 Spec
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N T I S2010Current Export Destinati
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N T I S2010significant attention fr
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N T I S20109) Silver JewelryBackgro
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N T I S2010Availability and Quality
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N T I S2010Attractive Markets for S
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nep
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N T I S2010ii.iii.required for the
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N T I S201012345678910# Name of Ste
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: Female wo
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N T I S2010The value added of those
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N T I S2010sheep population, which
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N T I S201013) TourismBackgroundTou
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010There are also about 24
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010Contribution to Skill De
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Servic
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N T I S201016) Health ServicesBackg
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N T I S2010medical services are bei
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N T I S201017) Education ServicesBa
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N T I S2010should be interpreted ca
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N T I S2010foreign students. The me
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N T I S2010Under mode 4 (presence o
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010generate revenue of US$3
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N T I S2010monopsony power. Several
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N T I S2010The possibility of direc
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N T I S2010Dairy Products, specific
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Chapter 3Access to the Indian Marke
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N T I S2010The Nepal-India Trade Tr
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N T I S2010Most issues reported abo
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N T I S2010Nepalese Domestic Issues
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N T I S2010India’s view is that t
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Chapter 4Access to the Chinese Mark
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N T I S2010products must be wholly
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N T I S2010The findings discussed h
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N T I S20104.5 Other Impediments to
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N T I S20104.7 Recommendations: Cha
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N T I S2010inflow between 2000 and
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N T I S2010Industrial Parks and SEZ
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N T I S2010Lack of up-to-date polic
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N T I S2010Apart from the critical
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N T I S2010capabilities in all five
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N T I S20105.5. Combining Investmen
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Chapter 6Trade FacilitationN T I S2
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N T I S2010In the 2005 Trade Facili
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N T I S2010The latest phase of impl
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N T I S2010improve efficiency. Few
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N T I S2010Figure 7.1Future Organog
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N T I S2010EU countries, special pr
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N T I S2010Act 1980. So far, 130 fi
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N T I S2010The current projects inc
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N T I S2010The NBSM as a secretaria
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N T I S2010Many more organizations
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N T I S2010Table 7.8Existing Nepal
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Table 7.9Standards Issues for Ten E
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N T I S20107.14 Priority Actions an
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N T I S2010It is not clear what amo
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N T I S2010GeneralNepal’s general
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N T I S2010a crucial part of the PR
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N T I S2010residue limits (MRLs) ar
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N T I S2010The viral diseases chirk
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N T I S2010SPS issues Affecting Tra
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N T I S2010Indian phytosanitary sta
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N T I S20108.5 Conclusions and Reco
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N T I S2010Simpler requirements suc
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Table 8.4Summary of Export Environm
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N T I S2010To register a patent, a
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N T I S2010breaches of law. The Nep
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N T I S2010Intellectual Property is
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Chapter 10Barriers to Service Trade
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N T I S2010Constraints in the touri
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N T I S2010Table 10.2Nepal GATS Com
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N T I S2010locations favourable for
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N T I S2010Barriers to Exports of H
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N T I S2010Institutional IssueThe s
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N T I S2010 Strengthening sub-natio
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N T I S2010Observations from enterp
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N T I S2010Nepal Ginger Producers a
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N T I S2010 Helping paper manufactu
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N T I S2010Computer Association of
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Page 253 and 254: N T I S2010The key principles inclu
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Page 272 and 273: N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
Page 274 and 275: N T I S2010MainOutcomes Recommended
Page 280: N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
Page 283 and 284: N T I S20102. GINGERStrengths Tradi
Page 285 and 286: N T I S20104. LENTILSStrengths High
Page 287 and 288: N T I S20105. TEAStrengths Very fav
Page 289 and 290: N T I S20106. INSTANT NOODLESStreng
Page 291 and 292: N T I S2010 Review, simplify, and i
Page 293 and 294: N T I S20109. SILVER JEWELRYStrengt
Page 295 and 296: N T I S201011. CHYANGRA PASHMINA PR
Page 297 and 298: N T I S201013. TOURISMStrengthsNatu
Page 299 and 300: N T I S201015. IT AND BPO SERVICESS
Page 301: N T I S201017. EDUCATION SERVICESSt
Page 306 and 307: Appendix 1Methodology for Export Po
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Page 312 and 313: N T I S2010Rank13) Tourism1 Germany
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Page 320 and 321: Appendix 5Malaysia GAP (Skim Amalam
Page 322 and 323: N T I S2010E. Document ControlQMS d
Page 324 and 325: Appendix 7Good Agricultural Practic
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