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N T I S2010Table 7.7Packaging Materials Used for Export Products from NepalProductPackaging MaterialsTeawrapped in wax paper and aluminium foil and packed in tea chestOrthodox (Leaf Tea)/Green TeaTop Grade Leaf TeaMedium and Small Leaf TeaCTC TeaLentilHoneyEssential OilFresh GingerInstant Noodles/PastaSilver JewelryPashmina and Woollen Productsmulti-wall inner aluminium foil lined, 4 or 5 ply Kraft paper sacks mainly of the valvemouthedtype and pallet able (average weight of 20 to 25 kg)paper sacks of valve mouthed typepolyethylene/polypropylene (PE/PP) bags. The tea-bagging industry is still in itsnascent stage with hardly any packers having modern machineryjute bags of 80 to 100 kg, palletable multilayer Kraft paper sacksunit package of honey is done either in glass bottles or edible grade PET bottles ofdifferent sizesexport bulk pack in food grade plastic barrels (capacity 300 kg) kept inside metal drumsfi lled in aluminium containers (25 kg capacity), tightly sealed and wrapped inpolyethylene bags to avoid leakages and then put in galvanized iron drums, asshipping containergunny bagsfl exible packaging materials of BOPPwrapped in handmade papers/polyethylene bags and then put in wooden or tin boxes.Cotton/foams are used as fi lling/cushion materials in some cases and tin tapes areused for sealing the wooden or tin boxesmaterials required are mostly corrugated paper boxes and plasticwrappers for unit itemsIssues and Problems in the Packaging Sector Lack of standards to guide manufacturers affects the quality of domestic products Lack of national and/or company standards on relevant packaging products and sizes Inconsistent supply of quality materials for conversion into packaging No access to advanced technology Most of the packaging materials used for export of food items and essential oils imported from India,Sri Lanka, and ASEAN countries Lack of facilities for testing packaging material quality and strength Lack of standards to enforce transport packaging Limited range of options for packaging among small users Disposal of used packaging materials a problem Increasing use of laminated flexible pouches/plastic pun nets, multiplayer paper sacks, styrofoamboxes, aluminium-coated plastic films, transport packs for fruits and vegetables, pressure-sensitivetapes/reinforcement traps, aseptic packaging materials. However, no standards for such packagingtypes.NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT181
N T I S2010Table 7.8Existing Nepal Standards for PackagingCurrent Nepalese StandardsNeed for New Standards*Packaging material/containers• HDPE• LDPE• Paper boardsPackaging materials• Flexible packaging fi lm-laminated• Pressure sensitive taps: PP• Reinforcement straps: BOPP/PVCPackaging containers• PE Containers• Tea Chests• Plastic containers up to 5 litre capacity• PE bags• HDPE woven bags• Aluminium caps• Jute bags• Corrugated fi bre board boxes• Tin-coated containers of different capacityPackaging containers• Corrugated fi bre board boxes: telescopic• Plastic bottles• Pillow pouches-PP/LDPE• Plastic pun nets-PET• Woven net bags: HDPE/PA• EPS trays• Woven plastic bags• Multilayer Kraft paper sacksNote: * Wherever relevant and covering important parameters such as Thickness, Dimensions, Bond Strength, SealWidth, Heat Sealing Strength, Grammage, Bursting Strength, Compression Strength, Ventilation Holes, Number ofPlies, Design of Boxes.7.13 Pertinent Issues and Concerns for Export Potential ProductsChapter 2 has identified 19 export potential sectors for priority attention. These include: Agriculture products: Cardamom, ginger, honey, lentils, tea (green and black), uncooked pasta/noodles, NTFPs: Herbs and aromatic plants and their essential oils, handmade paper and paper products Handicrafts and Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SME) products: Pashmina, woollen products,silver jewelry, fabricated metalThe export trend of SPS-sensitive agricultural products is examined more carefully in Chapter 8. Issues raisedby producers and exporters in the course of the fieldwork associated with the preparation of this chapter aresummarized in Table 7.9.The key issues with respect to the TBT requirements are as follows:1. Insufficient support from the NBSM due to delays in the amendment of the Nepal Standards (CertificationMark) Act, the promulgation of a new Act on National Accreditation Board and the issuance of newregulations associated with these Acts;2. Wide consultation process seems missing, particularly in the case of the draft Act for the new NationalAccreditation Board;3. Only a few products of export interest have national standards. When they do, the relevance of thestandards to exports is minimal. There is a need to focus on standards formulation for significantexport products or export potentials. For instance, LCEAN, the association for the large cardamomsector, has been asking for national grade standards for large cardamom;4. None of the Nepal standards have been notified to the WTO, as required under the TBT regime. Manytechnical regulations of TBT concern have been introduced by government agencies other than theNBSM/DFTQC. They do not appear in the draft WTO notifications. The MoCS needs to take measuresto ensure TBT commitments are met;182NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT
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Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 20
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Table of ContentsForewordAbbreviati
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Table 2.17 Acreage and Production o
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List of BoxesBox 2.1 A Nepalese IT
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LoD Limit of DetectionM&E Monitorin
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Chapter 1Trading Environment, Expor
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N T I S20101.3 Capacity Development
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N T I S2010Table 1.1Balance of Paym
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N T I S2010Changes in the Nepalese
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N T I S20101.5 Expanding an ‘Incl
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N T I S2010 Index 4 measures the po
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N T I S2010Table 1.9Impact of 19 Ex
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N T I S2010Table 1.10Geographical D
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N T I S20101.7 Declining Importance
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N T I S2010negotiate for the inclus
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Produc
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N T I S2010Table 2.2Large Cardamom:
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010exporters. Nepal permits
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N T I S2010RankCountryExports Nepal
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N T I S2010like China and Australia
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N T I S2010The opportunities for pr
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N T I S2010Lentils are subject to o
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nat
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: This sect
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
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N T I S2010Attractive markets for T
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N T I S2010Market Access Conditions
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: The respo
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N T I S2010Information from industr
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N T I S2010RankCountryTable 2.26Att
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N T I S2010# Botanical Name 41 Spec
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N T I S2010Current Export Destinati
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N T I S2010significant attention fr
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N T I S20109) Silver JewelryBackgro
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N T I S2010Availability and Quality
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N T I S2010Attractive Markets for S
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nep
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N T I S2010ii.iii.required for the
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N T I S201012345678910# Name of Ste
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: Female wo
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N T I S2010The value added of those
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N T I S2010sheep population, which
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N T I S201013) TourismBackgroundTou
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010There are also about 24
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010Contribution to Skill De
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Servic
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N T I S201016) Health ServicesBackg
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N T I S2010medical services are bei
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N T I S201017) Education ServicesBa
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N T I S2010should be interpreted ca
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N T I S2010foreign students. The me
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N T I S2010Under mode 4 (presence o
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010generate revenue of US$3
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N T I S2010monopsony power. Several
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N T I S2010The possibility of direc
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N T I S2010Dairy Products, specific
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Chapter 3Access to the Indian Marke
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N T I S2010The Nepal-India Trade Tr
Page 144 and 145: N T I S2010Most issues reported abo
Page 146 and 147: N T I S2010Nepalese Domestic Issues
Page 148 and 149: N T I S2010India’s view is that t
Page 150 and 151: Chapter 4Access to the Chinese Mark
Page 152 and 153: N T I S2010products must be wholly
Page 154 and 155: N T I S2010The findings discussed h
Page 156 and 157: N T I S20104.5 Other Impediments to
Page 158: N T I S20104.7 Recommendations: Cha
Page 161 and 162: N T I S2010inflow between 2000 and
Page 163 and 164: N T I S2010Industrial Parks and SEZ
Page 165 and 166: N T I S2010Lack of up-to-date polic
Page 167 and 168: N T I S2010Apart from the critical
Page 169 and 170: N T I S2010capabilities in all five
Page 171 and 172: N T I S20105.5. Combining Investmen
Page 174 and 175: Chapter 6Trade FacilitationN T I S2
Page 176 and 177: N T I S2010In the 2005 Trade Facili
Page 178 and 179: N T I S2010The latest phase of impl
Page 180: N T I S2010improve efficiency. Few
Page 183 and 184: N T I S2010Figure 7.1Future Organog
Page 185 and 186: N T I S2010EU countries, special pr
Page 187 and 188: N T I S2010Act 1980. So far, 130 fi
Page 189 and 190: N T I S2010The current projects inc
Page 191 and 192: N T I S2010The NBSM as a secretaria
Page 193: N T I S2010Many more organizations
Page 197 and 198: Table 7.9Standards Issues for Ten E
Page 199 and 200: N T I S20107.14 Priority Actions an
Page 201 and 202: N T I S2010It is not clear what amo
Page 203 and 204: N T I S2010GeneralNepal’s general
Page 205 and 206: N T I S2010a crucial part of the PR
Page 207 and 208: N T I S2010residue limits (MRLs) ar
Page 209 and 210: N T I S2010The viral diseases chirk
Page 211 and 212: N T I S2010SPS issues Affecting Tra
Page 213 and 214: N T I S2010Indian phytosanitary sta
Page 215 and 216: N T I S20108.5 Conclusions and Reco
Page 217 and 218: N T I S2010Simpler requirements suc
Page 219 and 220: Table 8.4Summary of Export Environm
Page 221 and 222: N T I S2010To register a patent, a
Page 223 and 224: N T I S2010breaches of law. The Nep
Page 225 and 226: N T I S2010Intellectual Property is
Page 228 and 229: Chapter 10Barriers to Service Trade
Page 230 and 231: N T I S2010Constraints in the touri
Page 232 and 233: N T I S2010Table 10.2Nepal GATS Com
Page 234 and 235: N T I S2010locations favourable for
Page 236 and 237: N T I S2010Barriers to Exports of H
Page 238: N T I S2010Institutional IssueThe s
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Page 243 and 244: N T I S2010Observations from enterp
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N T I S2010Nepal Ginger Producers a
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N T I S2010 Helping paper manufactu
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N T I S2010Computer Association of
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N T I S20105. Also related to the a
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N T I S2010The key principles inclu
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N T I S2010That being said, Nepal h
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N T I S2010Nepal Business ForumOn M
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N T I S2010Third, capacity developm
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N T I S2010expected to emerge from
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N T I S201012.7 Possible Options fo
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N T I S201012.8 RecommendationsThe
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N T I S2010GoN / MoF (2009), Econom
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N T I S2010Thapa, Ajit N.S. (2006).
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S2010MainOutcomes Recommended
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S20102. GINGERStrengths Tradi
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N T I S20104. LENTILSStrengths High
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N T I S20105. TEAStrengths Very fav
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N T I S20106. INSTANT NOODLESStreng
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N T I S2010 Review, simplify, and i
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N T I S20109. SILVER JEWELRYStrengt
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N T I S201011. CHYANGRA PASHMINA PR
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N T I S201013. TOURISMStrengthsNatu
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N T I S201015. IT AND BPO SERVICESS
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N T I S201017. EDUCATION SERVICESSt
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N T I S201019. HYDRO-ELECTRICITYStr
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Appendix 1Methodology for Export Po
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N T I S2010B. Data SourcesThe analy
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Appendix 2Market Attractiveness Ind
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N T I S2010Rank13) Tourism1 Germany
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Appendix 3Updated Legislative Actio
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N T I S2010specified management sys
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N T I S2010than pesticide residues
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Appendix 5Malaysia GAP (Skim Amalam
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N T I S2010E. Document ControlQMS d
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Appendix 7Good Agricultural Practic
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