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N T I S2010The first two projects are already in the final stage of implementation. These projects are complementary.However, the progress made under those has been very slow and many of the programme activities are yet tobe pursued and are unlikely to be completed within the year 2010.7.9 Infrastructure of Government and Private Sector Laboratoriesin the Areas of TBTThe following government organizations have laboratory facilities available for testing of products underrespective jurisdictions. The general status of the laboratories and their upgrading is summarized in Table7.4.Table 7.4General Status of Government Laboratories and Upgrading ProcessOrganisationLaboratoriesNepal Bureau ofStandards andMetrology (NBSM),Ministry of IndustryDepartment ofFood Technologyand Quality Control(DFTQC), Ministryof Agriculture andCooperativesDepartment ofDrug Administration(DDA)/ Ministryof Health andPopulationDepartment ofBotany , Ministryof Forests and SoilConservationTen major laboratories for different product testing and legal metrology. Fourlaboratories are being upgraded (metrology, chemical, microbiological, and textilelaboratories)New laboratory complex built. Chemical and microbiological laboratories are beingupgradedNational Medicine Laboratory (upgrading status unknown)Essential oils, some natural ingredient identifi cation and determination in herbs andherbal products (some upgrading is taking place with its own internal resources)There are around nine specialized private sector laboratories established for different purposes from wateranalysis to soil analysis and from food testing to pharmaceutical product testing. Exceptfor a few, most of theprivate laboratories remain low profile facilities, as the cost of establishing laboratories are very high and theexpected returns from the current level of services are very low.7.10 Laboratory Accreditation‘Accreditation’ is an internationally accepted system that recognizes that an organization is able to provideits services in a professional, reliable, and efficient manner. Accreditation bodies use criteria given in the ISOGuidelines. In case of laboratories, the ISO/IEC: 17025-2005(E) guideline is used. This guideline specifies a totalof 24 requirements (14 management requirements and ten technical requirements). Apart from compliancewith the management requirements, accreditation assesses the technical competence of the infrastructureand human resources and the reliability of the test and calibration results.NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT177
N T I S2010The NBSM as a secretariat of the Nepal Council for Standards under the existing Act has been given responsibilitiesto develop a Nepal Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (NEPLAS) for accrediting laboratories operating in Nepal.NEPLAS is based on SINGLAS (Singapore/ISO Guide 25). In this connection, the NBSM has developed laboratoryaccreditation directives and criteria against which laboratories are accredited in line with the internationalstandards and guidelines, including ISO/IEC 17025 and ISO/IEC Guideline 43. This programme has beenlaunched and the NBSM is aiming at greater participation of private laboratories. The NBSM laboratory isserving as a control and verification centre. So far, seven laboratories have been accredited under this scheme(NEPLAS) and a few more are in the pipeline. None of the government laboratories have been accredited evenunder the scheme of NEPLAS. The NBSM is collaborating with various international laboratory accreditationschemes such as NATA, TELRAC, HOKLAS, and APLAC, in proficiency testing programmes.As a part of complying with the WTO/TBT agreement, Nepal needs to form a separate national accreditationbody with international recognition. All government and private sector laboratories need to go for accreditationif their conformity assessment report and test results are to be recognized internationally. Unless a newaccreditation board is formed and unless the capacity of the new board is internationally recognized, Nepaleselaboratories will have to be accredited by some international accreditation bodies based in other countries ifthey want their conformity certification to be recognized outside Nepal. The current laboratory accreditationprocess adopted by the NBSM remains meaningless as its own laboratories are yet to be accredited from anyinternationally recognized accreditation body.The current projects like the SAARC regional SMTQ Phase II project and the EU-Nepal WTO AssistanceProgramme are assisting both the NBSM and the DFTQC in refurbishing and upgrading their laboratories andstarting the process of accreditation for certain testing and analyses by internationally recognized accreditingbodies.JICA has been supporting the construction of a new laboratory complex for the DFTQC and new equipmentand instruments like HPLC, GC/MS, and AAS have been secured. Furthermore, gap analysis has been done byexperts under the EU/Nepal WTO Assistance project to meet the accreditation requirements of the DFTQC’schemical and microbiological laboratories. The procurement of additional equipment/instruments andglassware has been initiated. It is expected that, by the end of 2010, all the requirements of equipment,documentation and staff will have been met and the accreditation process will begin.For establishing a credible calibration system with international traceability, the NBSM is strengthening its legalmetrology laboratory with support from the SMTQ Phase II project and the EU-WTO project, implementedby PTB Germany. Laboratory upgrading and staff training are nearly completed. The expectation is that theprocess of accreditation of the laboratory for calibration parameters, particularly mass and temperature, by areputed international accreditation board will also be completed within 2010.Currently, the NBSM is upgrading and refurbishing its chemical and microbiological laboratories for accreditationby some internationally reputed accreditation body, as in the case of the DFTQC.The current status of accreditation of major government and private laboratories of Nepal is shown in Table7.5.178NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT
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Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 20
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Table of ContentsForewordAbbreviati
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Table 2.17 Acreage and Production o
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List of BoxesBox 2.1 A Nepalese IT
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LoD Limit of DetectionM&E Monitorin
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Chapter 1Trading Environment, Expor
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N T I S20101.3 Capacity Development
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N T I S2010Table 1.1Balance of Paym
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N T I S2010Changes in the Nepalese
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N T I S20101.5 Expanding an ‘Incl
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N T I S2010 Index 4 measures the po
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N T I S2010Table 1.9Impact of 19 Ex
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N T I S2010Table 1.10Geographical D
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N T I S20101.7 Declining Importance
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N T I S2010negotiate for the inclus
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Produc
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N T I S2010Table 2.2Large Cardamom:
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010exporters. Nepal permits
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N T I S2010RankCountryExports Nepal
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N T I S2010like China and Australia
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N T I S2010The opportunities for pr
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N T I S2010Lentils are subject to o
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nat
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: This sect
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
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N T I S2010Attractive markets for T
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N T I S2010Market Access Conditions
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: The respo
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N T I S2010Information from industr
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N T I S2010RankCountryTable 2.26Att
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N T I S2010# Botanical Name 41 Spec
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N T I S2010Current Export Destinati
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N T I S2010significant attention fr
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N T I S20109) Silver JewelryBackgro
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N T I S2010Availability and Quality
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N T I S2010Attractive Markets for S
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nep
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N T I S2010ii.iii.required for the
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N T I S201012345678910# Name of Ste
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: Female wo
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N T I S2010The value added of those
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N T I S2010sheep population, which
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N T I S201013) TourismBackgroundTou
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010There are also about 24
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010Contribution to Skill De
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Servic
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N T I S201016) Health ServicesBackg
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N T I S2010medical services are bei
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N T I S201017) Education ServicesBa
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N T I S2010should be interpreted ca
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N T I S2010foreign students. The me
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N T I S2010Under mode 4 (presence o
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010generate revenue of US$3
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N T I S2010monopsony power. Several
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N T I S2010The possibility of direc
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N T I S2010Dairy Products, specific
Page 140 and 141: Chapter 3Access to the Indian Marke
Page 142 and 143: N T I S2010The Nepal-India Trade Tr
Page 144 and 145: N T I S2010Most issues reported abo
Page 146 and 147: N T I S2010Nepalese Domestic Issues
Page 148 and 149: N T I S2010India’s view is that t
Page 150 and 151: Chapter 4Access to the Chinese Mark
Page 152 and 153: N T I S2010products must be wholly
Page 154 and 155: N T I S2010The findings discussed h
Page 156 and 157: N T I S20104.5 Other Impediments to
Page 158: N T I S20104.7 Recommendations: Cha
Page 161 and 162: N T I S2010inflow between 2000 and
Page 163 and 164: N T I S2010Industrial Parks and SEZ
Page 165 and 166: N T I S2010Lack of up-to-date polic
Page 167 and 168: N T I S2010Apart from the critical
Page 169 and 170: N T I S2010capabilities in all five
Page 171 and 172: N T I S20105.5. Combining Investmen
Page 174 and 175: Chapter 6Trade FacilitationN T I S2
Page 176 and 177: N T I S2010In the 2005 Trade Facili
Page 178 and 179: N T I S2010The latest phase of impl
Page 180: N T I S2010improve efficiency. Few
Page 183 and 184: N T I S2010Figure 7.1Future Organog
Page 185 and 186: N T I S2010EU countries, special pr
Page 187 and 188: N T I S2010Act 1980. So far, 130 fi
Page 189: N T I S2010The current projects inc
Page 193 and 194: N T I S2010Many more organizations
Page 195 and 196: N T I S2010Table 7.8Existing Nepal
Page 197 and 198: Table 7.9Standards Issues for Ten E
Page 199 and 200: N T I S20107.14 Priority Actions an
Page 201 and 202: N T I S2010It is not clear what amo
Page 203 and 204: N T I S2010GeneralNepal’s general
Page 205 and 206: N T I S2010a crucial part of the PR
Page 207 and 208: N T I S2010residue limits (MRLs) ar
Page 209 and 210: N T I S2010The viral diseases chirk
Page 211 and 212: N T I S2010SPS issues Affecting Tra
Page 213 and 214: N T I S2010Indian phytosanitary sta
Page 215 and 216: N T I S20108.5 Conclusions and Reco
Page 217 and 218: N T I S2010Simpler requirements suc
Page 219 and 220: Table 8.4Summary of Export Environm
Page 221 and 222: N T I S2010To register a patent, a
Page 223 and 224: N T I S2010breaches of law. The Nep
Page 225 and 226: N T I S2010Intellectual Property is
Page 228 and 229: Chapter 10Barriers to Service Trade
Page 230 and 231: N T I S2010Constraints in the touri
Page 232 and 233: N T I S2010Table 10.2Nepal GATS Com
Page 234 and 235: N T I S2010locations favourable for
Page 236 and 237: N T I S2010Barriers to Exports of H
Page 238: N T I S2010Institutional IssueThe s
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N T I S2010 Strengthening sub-natio
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N T I S2010Observations from enterp
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N T I S2010Nepal Ginger Producers a
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N T I S2010 Helping paper manufactu
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N T I S2010Computer Association of
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N T I S20105. Also related to the a
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N T I S2010The key principles inclu
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N T I S2010That being said, Nepal h
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N T I S2010Nepal Business ForumOn M
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N T I S2010Third, capacity developm
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N T I S2010expected to emerge from
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N T I S201012.7 Possible Options fo
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N T I S201012.8 RecommendationsThe
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N T I S2010GoN / MoF (2009), Econom
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N T I S2010Thapa, Ajit N.S. (2006).
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S2010MainOutcomes Recommended
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S20102. GINGERStrengths Tradi
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N T I S20104. LENTILSStrengths High
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N T I S20105. TEAStrengths Very fav
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N T I S20106. INSTANT NOODLESStreng
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N T I S2010 Review, simplify, and i
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N T I S20109. SILVER JEWELRYStrengt
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N T I S201011. CHYANGRA PASHMINA PR
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N T I S201013. TOURISMStrengthsNatu
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N T I S201015. IT AND BPO SERVICESS
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N T I S201017. EDUCATION SERVICESSt
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N T I S201019. HYDRO-ELECTRICITYStr
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Appendix 1Methodology for Export Po
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N T I S2010B. Data SourcesThe analy
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Appendix 2Market Attractiveness Ind
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N T I S2010Rank13) Tourism1 Germany
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Appendix 3Updated Legislative Actio
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N T I S2010specified management sys
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N T I S2010than pesticide residues
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Appendix 5Malaysia GAP (Skim Amalam
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N T I S2010E. Document ControlQMS d
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Appendix 7Good Agricultural Practic
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