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N T I S2010Table 1.1Balance of Payments, Current Accounts, 2002/03-2008/09, in US$ millions2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09% change2002-08Goods exports, fob 655 751 106 854 876 958 913 39.3Service exports 342 467 362 368 457 653 690 101.6Net remittances 699 797 913 1,357 1,427 2,205 2,738 291.4Total 1,697 2,015 1,381 2,578 2,759 3,816 4,340 155.8Goods imports, cif 1,562 1,808 2,057 2,383 2,713 3,369 3,645 133.4Service imports 251 343 390 448 576 824 826 229.0Total 1,813 2,152 2,448 2,831 3,289 4,193 4,472 146.6Source: Nepal Rastra Bank, Annual ReportsOther net transfers (small) not shownTable 1.2 shows changes that have occurred in the basket of exported goods. Garment exports, which in2004 still represented 26 per cent of all goods exports (though already in sharp decline from earlier years),were down to 11.5 per cent by 2008. Only a few HS-6 items have survived or even prospered in that sector(e.g. pashmina, wool products) in view of sharp changes in market access conditions. Carpets, a traditionalNepalese export, also have been sharply affected by the changing conditions. And yet new goods exportsectors have emerged during the period, including iron and steel products, plastic articles, coffee-tea-spices,and vegetables.NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT5
N T I S2010Table 1.2Main Nepalese Goods Exports, 2004-08, in US$1,000 by HS-2, HS-4 and HS-6 Codes% AnnualExported value Exported valueProductHS-codesShare 2008 Growth 2004-2004200808All goods exports 681,380 962,459 100.0% 9.0%Shown here 564,755 850,860 88.4% 10.8%Iron and steel products 72, 73 27,581 149,430 15.5% 52.6%Carpets 57 105,645 116,776 12.1% 2.5%Garments 61, 62 178,408 110,162 11.4% -11.4%Pashmina621410, 621420,18,691 22,074 2.3% 4.2%621490, 630120Wool products611011, 611012,611691,611710,9,411 16,450 1.7% 15.0%650590Plastics and articles thereof 39 37,039 66,057 6.9% 15.6%Artifi cial staple fi bres 55 25,118 52,457 5.5% 20.2%Coffee, tea, spices 09 19,797 47,718 5.0% 24.6%Large cardamom 090830 11,699 21,329 2.2% 16.2%Tea 0902 4,896 16,805 1.7% 36.1%Ginger 091010 2,518 8,130 0.8% 34.0%Vegetables 07 Not available Not availableLentils 071340 22,884 22,258 2.3% -0.7%Textile articles, sets, worn clothing, etc. 63 12,426 29,073 3.0% 23.7%Copper and articles thereof 74 12,605 27,248 2.8% 21.3%Beverages, spirits and vinegar 22 9,227 26,783 2.8% 30.5%Artifi cial fi laments 54 9,682 25,643 2.7% 27.6%Animal, vegetable fats and oils, cleavage15 21,403 22,899 2.4% 1.7%products, etc.Essential oils, perfumes, cosmetics, toiletries 33 32,670 15,623 1.6% -16.8%Essential oils, nes 330129 259 1,001 0.1% 40.2%Miscellaneous chemical products 38 4,896 14,672 1.5% 31.6%Aluminium and articles thereof 76 5,961 14,624 1.5% 25.2%Wadding, felt, nonwovens, yarns, twine, cordage,56 10,088 14,165 1.5% 8.9%etc.Residues, waste of food industry, animal fodder 23 5,576 13,783 1.4% 25.4%Animal feed preparations, nes 32 3,681 12,199 1.3% 34.9%Vegetable textile fi bres, nes, paper yarn, woven53 15,563 11,894 1.2% -6.5%fabricInstant noodles 1902 2,955 10,390 1.1% 36.9%Electrical, electronic equipment 85 6,709 10,309 1.1% 11.3%Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc 71 7,619 10,252 1.1% 7.7%Other export potential goodsMedicinal herbs (combined with essential oils in121190 1,604 2,991 0.3% 16.9%other tables)Handmade paper (shown data do not cover all481210 711 561 0.1% -5.8%exports; see text)Honey 0409 49 14 0.0% -26.9%Source: ITC, Trade Map 2004, 2008Yellow highlights show potential export products included in the export potential assessment at HS-6 level. All data other than those forlentils are ‘mirror data’ (Nepal’s export data). For more detailed HS-6 Code data, see the full report.6NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION STRATEGY 2010BACKGROUND REPORT
Page 2 and 3: Nepal Trade Integration Strategy 20
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: The respo
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N T I S2010Information from industr
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N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
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N T I S2010RankCountryTable 2.26Att
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N T I S2010# Botanical Name 41 Spec
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N T I S2010Current Export Destinati
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N T I S2010significant attention fr
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N T I S20109) Silver JewelryBackgro
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N T I S2010Availability and Quality
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N T I S2010Attractive Markets for S
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N T I S2010Production Capacity: Nep
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N T I S2010ii.iii.required for the
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N T I S201012345678910# Name of Ste
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N T I S2010Export Prospect: Accordi
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N T I S2010Gender Impact: Female wo
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N T I S2010The value added of those
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N T I S2010sheep population, which
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N T I S201013) TourismBackgroundTou
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010There are also about 24
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N T I S2010Index 1: Export Performa
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N T I S2010Index 2: World Market Co
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N T I S2010Contribution to Skill De
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N T I S2010Types of Exported Servic
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N T I S2010Cost and Quality of Infr
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N T I S201016) Health ServicesBackg
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N T I S2010medical services are bei
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N T I S201017) Education ServicesBa
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N T I S2010should be interpreted ca
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N T I S2010foreign students. The me
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N T I S2010Under mode 4 (presence o
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N T I S2010Index 4: Socio-economic
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N T I S2010generate revenue of US$3
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N T I S2010monopsony power. Several
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N T I S2010The possibility of direc
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N T I S2010Dairy Products, specific
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Chapter 3Access to the Indian Marke
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N T I S2010The Nepal-India Trade Tr
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N T I S2010Most issues reported abo
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N T I S2010Nepalese Domestic Issues
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N T I S2010India’s view is that t
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Chapter 4Access to the Chinese Mark
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N T I S2010products must be wholly
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N T I S2010The findings discussed h
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N T I S20104.5 Other Impediments to
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N T I S20104.7 Recommendations: Cha
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N T I S2010inflow between 2000 and
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N T I S2010Industrial Parks and SEZ
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N T I S2010Lack of up-to-date polic
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N T I S2010Apart from the critical
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N T I S2010capabilities in all five
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N T I S20105.5. Combining Investmen
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Chapter 6Trade FacilitationN T I S2
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N T I S2010In the 2005 Trade Facili
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N T I S2010The latest phase of impl
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N T I S2010improve efficiency. Few
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N T I S2010Figure 7.1Future Organog
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N T I S2010EU countries, special pr
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N T I S2010Act 1980. So far, 130 fi
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N T I S2010The current projects inc
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N T I S2010The NBSM as a secretaria
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N T I S2010Many more organizations
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N T I S2010Table 7.8Existing Nepal
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Table 7.9Standards Issues for Ten E
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N T I S20107.14 Priority Actions an
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N T I S2010It is not clear what amo
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N T I S2010GeneralNepal’s general
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N T I S2010a crucial part of the PR
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N T I S2010residue limits (MRLs) ar
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N T I S2010The viral diseases chirk
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N T I S2010SPS issues Affecting Tra
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N T I S2010Indian phytosanitary sta
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N T I S20108.5 Conclusions and Reco
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N T I S2010Simpler requirements suc
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Table 8.4Summary of Export Environm
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N T I S2010To register a patent, a
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N T I S2010breaches of law. The Nep
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N T I S2010Intellectual Property is
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Chapter 10Barriers to Service Trade
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N T I S2010Constraints in the touri
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N T I S2010Table 10.2Nepal GATS Com
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N T I S2010locations favourable for
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N T I S2010Barriers to Exports of H
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N T I S2010Institutional IssueThe s
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N T I S2010 Strengthening sub-natio
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N T I S2010Observations from enterp
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N T I S2010Nepal Ginger Producers a
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N T I S2010 Helping paper manufactu
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N T I S2010Computer Association of
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N T I S20105. Also related to the a
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N T I S2010The key principles inclu
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N T I S2010That being said, Nepal h
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N T I S2010Nepal Business ForumOn M
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N T I S2010Third, capacity developm
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N T I S2010expected to emerge from
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N T I S201012.7 Possible Options fo
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N T I S201012.8 RecommendationsThe
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N T I S2010GoN / MoF (2009), Econom
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N T I S2010Thapa, Ajit N.S. (2006).
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S2010MainOutcomes Recommended
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N T I S2010NEPAL TRADE INTEGRATION
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N T I S20102. GINGERStrengths Tradi
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N T I S20104. LENTILSStrengths High
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N T I S20105. TEAStrengths Very fav
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N T I S20106. INSTANT NOODLESStreng
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N T I S2010 Review, simplify, and i
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N T I S20109. SILVER JEWELRYStrengt
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N T I S201011. CHYANGRA PASHMINA PR
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N T I S201013. TOURISMStrengthsNatu
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N T I S201015. IT AND BPO SERVICESS
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N T I S201017. EDUCATION SERVICESSt
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N T I S201019. HYDRO-ELECTRICITYStr
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Appendix 1Methodology for Export Po
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N T I S2010B. Data SourcesThe analy
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Appendix 2Market Attractiveness Ind
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N T I S2010Rank13) Tourism1 Germany
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Appendix 3Updated Legislative Actio
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N T I S2010specified management sys
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N T I S2010than pesticide residues
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Appendix 5Malaysia GAP (Skim Amalam
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N T I S2010E. Document ControlQMS d
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Appendix 7Good Agricultural Practic
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